captioning sponsored by wnet >> sreenivasan: on this edition for saturday, november 23: a look ahead at next steps in the impeachment inquiry; and in our signature segment, in its search for solutions to a fhousing crisis, the city minneapolis eliminates single- fami zoning. next on pbs newshour weekend. >> pbs wshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edgar wachenheim iii. the cheryl and philip milstein family. rosalind p. walter, in memory of george o'neil. barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america, designing customized individual and group

retirement products. that's why we're your retirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the american people. nand by contributo your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. sfrom the tisch wneios at lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan >> sreenivasan: good evening, and thanks for joining us. c gress takes a thanksgiving break, staff members are reportedly drafting an impeachment quiry report that will determine what's next in the process.im despite tey from "mbassador to the e.u. gordon sondland that "eryone was in the loop," there are still questions about the role administration officials may have played in requer ukraine to investigate former vice president jso biden and his late last night, the state department released 100 pages of documents that show repeated contact between secretary of

state mike pompeo and rudy giuliani last march. the lease came as part of a lawsuit brought by the non- profit watchdog group americch oversight, ws trying to uncover records about presenid trump's actions on ukraine. also today, an attorney for lev parnas, an iicted associate ofi, rudy giulianold newshour that parnas is willing tore testify beongress. parnas says a ukranian prosecutor met with representative devin nunes late last year in vienna to discuss investigating the activities of joe and hunter biden related tom bu breitbart news reported that nunes said the allegions are "demonstrably false and scandalous." we will have more on what'eanext in the iment inquiry coming up after the news summary. there were multiple news reports alday quoting unnamed offi that navy secretary richard spencer and rear admiral collin green, who commands the seals, id they would resign or fired if the president isss a written order. the secretarof the navy told

newshour today he did not say he would resign over a presidential tweet over what happens to navy seal edward gallagr and his future with the elite unit. joining me now is david phillips, a reewrter for the ork times" who helped break this story. >> so, first of all, for p'tple who havbeen following what the ins and outs have been with mr. gaagher, where is he in the process of remaining a seal or rot? orter: this has been a real sort of whiplash, back-and-forth case, where he was convicted of a crime, but then thenc senwas lessened by the secretary of the navy. a short time lat, the president removed the sentence completely, and th the navy said, "well, now we're going to take this seal's trident away." and the trident is a pin that each of them wear at denotes their membership in the seals. so for them, it's essentially like being cast out of the >> sreenivasan: okay, so how unusual is it for someone this far up the chain of command, the

secretary of navyue don't get higher than thain the navy-- and the person who commands all of the seals to take this kind ofosition dism what are they saying? hie they saying, "look, if you put som in writing that challenges our authority," is that what's at stake here? >> well, let me answer the first question, "how unusual is this for" foa psident to get involved in the retail level of navy personal. and the people i talked to could not think othf ano example. the understanding the military has had with the preosident centuries is, yes, you are in control. you cotrol strategy, politics, when to go to war it's big stuff. m and we run thhinery that makes that happen. so this is-- is really a departure from that, okay. now, the second question is, well, what happens when an admiral or a secretary of navy disagree with the president? and i think th answer is we don't know because we haven't

seen this very much, and we're watching it play out in real time. now, the president absolutely has legal authority to tell the admiral what to do, and to decide who is a seal and who isn't. the uestion is what happeif the admiral who really believes that the right thing to do get this convicted criminal out of the seals, what happens if he refuses? will the predent relieve him? will he resign? i don't think we know. tad the sec in his comments has certainly, you know, tried to tamp things down, but left room for the fact that both he and admiral green, the commander of the sea, could be gone soon. >> sreenivasan: all right, david phillips of "the new york coming on this story, joining us via skype from colorado tonight. >> yeah, thank you. >> sreenivasan: vice president mike pence madan unannounced visit to iq today, the highest level administration visit since president trump announced a pullback of u.s. forces in syria almost two months ago.

pence and his wife, karen, visited al asad air bare they served a thanksgiving meal to u.s. troops, and the vice president met with kurdish leader nechirvan barzani to reaffirm the u.s. alliance with kurdople in the region. officials said pence spoke with iraq's prime minister, adil abdul-mahdi, by phone rather than in person due to security concerns in baghdad. and in baghdad today, a protester was killed and 12 others wounded in clashes with iraqi security forces. the government forces used tear gas and rubber bullets while protesters tew rocks. the protesters are demanding an end to government corruption, more jobs and better services. more than 341 people have been killed and thousands injured since anti-governmentns deations began last month. iraq's prime minister announced octo that he would step down if parliament can agree on a replacement for him. pope francis arrived in tokyo today, launching a three-day visit to japan that will include

events in hiroshima and nagasaki. after the pope's plane landed in bad weather, the pontiff rode through streets lined with well- wishers. he met with japanese bishops at the vatican residence, where he emphasized his desire to pay tribute to the victims of the atomic bombings at nagasakand hiroshima and to meet with survivors of wt he called" this tragic episode in human story." with more on what to expect inth next tbaiz of the impeachment inquiry, i am joined by jami floyd, from wnyc radio. this was inn exhauweek and it's not over. what does the hou do now?er. >> it's only just beginning. here's what's happening now, and here's where we go next. they are on a break for the thanksgiving holiday, butardly a break behind the scenes.

so the democrats on the house intelligence committee are preparing their report. republicans are also preparing their report.re thosorts go tow the judiciary committee, where articles of impeachment will be prepared. now, that doesn't mean that we're finished in the intelligence committee. it'shaeen reported by some t the hearings have closed, but they really haen't. conversations are being held with nancy pelosi about whether to move from the intelligence committee would you want calling additional witnesses. they may still call additional witnesses. i think no likely, given the fast track in light of the election. but possible. they have not yet fully gaveled it closed despite that dmatic ending on thursday. and then when we get to the judiciary committee, the judiary committee, as it prepares its articles, also can call additional witnesses. >> sreenivasan: notice, we're not likely to see the same witnesses again. ot no, we're n. >> sreenivasan: they can call

different witnesses. >> i mean, we could, they can do that. but we would be more likely to see additional witnesses, including some of those that have been subpoenaed and hav refused to come, or have been invited and have coulted with attorneys, or who have been named as we saw with ambassador holmes, who came as an unexpected witness. so they have thousands of pages upon whi to draw whn writing these reports. they're going through that. that's the evidentiary basis for the democrats' report that it will file for the judiciary commtee. and in there, they will see do we have enough to move forward with the articles of impeachment, or do we need more and some of that can bee? documentary evidence. and you heard nancy pelosi, speaker pelosi, say to the president, "do you have exculpatory evidence you want to give us, now is the time. upon. >> sreenivasan: the democrats will make their report, of the specific clause of impeachment

to go ahead and take that to tha for trial. >> articles of impeachment, and we've not done this very many times before, as you kno this will be only the fourth time we've had warls o impeachment, and it only the second time we've arrived at the senate because, of course, president nixon resigned beforee it eve to the senate, knowing-- or most analysts say he would have likely been convicted had it gone to te senate. he was never even impeached. >> sreboivasan: what ut john roberts and how he's likely s -- well, judge this. i mea if thishe trial and he's the person-- people say he wasa conservative juror, et cetera. but he has a tremendous amount of respect for the court itself. >> it is true, we talk about the supreme court as liberals and conservaves, but he understands not only the importance of the institution of the court but t instutions of our democracy. he will sit there uerstanding this critically important moment and how important it is to put

aside politics and sit there as a represee of our democracy. but the important thing, also, is that the constitution, while it references impeachmentoe several timesnot lay out any rules of court. you know, we have rules of of court whene go into federal co ot-- what are the rulf evidence? how does this play out? the senate decthides wha rules ofourt are in this case? so it's awiolitical processh some legal underpinnings with very little precedential jurisprudence. so it's going to be fascinating. >>areenivasan: does that n mitch mcconnell has a lot trood with how that plays out in january? >> yes, that's exactly what it means. that's exactly what it means. and mitch mcconnell has said veral times that he will hold the trial if the articles of peachment are delered. he's not going to hold up the process, as he held you want merrick garland process. so at least we know that much. but once it gets into the sate chamber, it will become a very different kind of ocess

then the one you see, for example, in the u.s. supreme court, even john roberts is sitting there as a judge and the senators areth essentialljurors. >> sreenivasan: jami floyd, thanks so much for joining us. >> thank you, hari. >> sreenivasan: across the nation, urban living becomes moreopular, cities are facin housing shortages and are searching for solutions. c from oregon toifornia, governments are altering decades-old zoning rules that have long been conside sacred. the forefront of one big change. e.wshoureekend's megan thompson has mor >> reporter: john edwards, a freelance graphic designer, lived in south florida for most of his life. then, about seven years ago, he decided he wanted a change. >> minneapolis has a strongon ecy, has high quality of >> reporter: edwaroved into

a minneapolis neighborhood called "the wedge."e it's a walkablea that allows him to live without the expense and environmental apacts of owniar. >> so, we've got probably the best transit in minneapoli t we have accegreat bike infrastructure. thers a handful of grocery stores within walking distance, everything you'd w have in your neighborhood, we have... we have it. >> reporter: turns outa lot of other people are moving to minneapolis, too, with its thriving economy, friendly people, and ample lakes and parks. the city's population's been rising faster than at any point in the last 70 years, increasing by more than 12% to almost 430,000 between 2010 and 2018. but the number of new housing units hasn't kept pace. similarly-sized cithet among minneapolis metro area has the third largest housing oduction shortfall. as a result, edwards says, he's seenen and home prices ike.

>> some people don't move because they know, you know, finding a new apartment, they'l be pay extra $100 or whatever in rent, and they can't affo r it. orter: jacob frey is the mayor of minneapolis. >> the reality is, is that when you have demand that is sky-high and you don't have the supply to accommodate, the prices continuously get jacked up. >> reporter: are you seeing h affordabsing options disappear from this area? >> absolutely. whether it be rental or from a home ownership, they are a dwindlin they're dwindling fast. >> reporter: tabitha mone omery leads ighborhood association in powderhorn park, a few miles away from thwedge. >> so, powderhorn park neighborhood is amazing. it extremely vibrant and eclectic. over 50% of the community identifys persons of color. >> reporter: the area is one of the most diverse parts of minneapolis, where aroun20% live below the poverty line. in a city with virtually no rent control, the housing shortage s meant that low-income, priced out of the neighborhood, says montgomery.

>> your housing options have become significantly impaired, is what i would say. so, even home ownership is becoming challenging when peopli are facing cas, cash offers. and so, homes are being sold same-day. so, i think that we'ertainly feeling the squeeze. >> reporter: last year, to address this lack of supply, city leaders came up with a bunch of ideas. one in particular raised eyebrows because it wouldmp single-family zonithe rules that say on certain lots only single-family homes can be built. no large city had entirely done away with single-family zoning before.le the new ruwould allow budings with up to three units to be built on any residential lot in the city. >> the single-family home neighborhood has always been the sacred cow of... of zoning. >> reporter: edward goetz is a professor and director of the center for urban and regional affairs at the university of minnesota. he says while city zoning rules don't usually get a lot of

attention, they have a big impact.de >> thermine what can be built where. they can determine how much of that can be built. they determine all the... the density, the... the setbacks. there are so many differentar dimensions thacovered by a... by a zoning ornance. >> reporter: cities began enacting single-family zoning in creation of that classico the american neighborhood: block after quiet block of single-family homes. but, goetz says, the practice had an underside. in some cases, it ended up helping perpetuate segregation. single-family homes tend to cost more, making these neighborhoods available only to those with money, who were often mostly white. >> and you saw the emergence of lot of different techniques for creating zoning requiremente thectively kept out low-cost housing, and, by extension, then, kept racial

barriers in place, as well. >> reporter: in minn apolis, which ut 60% white, almost three-quarters of the city's residential property was zoned for single family homes. other nehborhoods with more affordable multi-family housing, like areas around powderhorn park, came to have more people of color. single-family zoning has had other consequencestoo, and not just in minneapolis. with fewer people allowed to live on each lot, ciprawl as their population grows. and that usually means residents need cars to gsthe something that we can no longer afford in terms of the use of land.at there hasn densificatd for more intensification of land use.

>> reporter: so, leaders in minneapolis proposed the idea of eliminating single-family zoning altogether to increase density, create more housing units, and help address racial segregation. in 2018, the proposed ban was included in a massive city planning document released evere tes that requires a city council vote. the plan included 100 policy proposals on everything from housing, to transportation, to the environment. g it usuals little public attention, but, thanks in large part to thzoning ban, this time was different.ge >> people are tting priced out pl the city. >> i oppose the . >> we do need more housing. our population is growing incredibly. i feel strongly that much more study and public input are needed. j >> reporten edwards became so interested in housing issues, he helped start a grbop called "nei for more neighbors." >> it's important in terms of climate change that we people who want to live this way, to live without a car, to walk places, to take transit. >> reporter: "neighbors for more neighbors" helped mobilize

distributing lawn around the city and getting people to show up at city planning hearings. >> i support the 2040 plan. we just need more housing diversity, in general. >>seporter: but opposition strong, too. >> this community's angry. this community's divided. >> you shouldn't be tearing down our neigorhood. >> reporter: many of the opponents who attended city meetings were from neighborhoods zoned mostly for single-family homes. are you against density? but i'm... i'm for density done well. >> reporter: lisa mcdonald is a former member of the city council who also once ran the city's zoning committee. "minneapolis for everyone," which opposed the plan. >> and the problem is, you want to put density where you get thi est bangor your buck. so, that's on transit lines, commercial corridors where things are already built up, in order to take advantage of the you've already madhat'sents available. if you just throw three-plexes out anyplace and anyple, you

don't get the kind of density that really works. >> reporter: mcdonald worries single-family homes will be torn down, design guidelines n't go far enough to protect a neighborhood's character. >> particularly in terms of "this is what you cad,s to say, this is what you have to do, and yohave to meet these." >> reporter: and mcdonald points out that even if adding new triplexes around town es increase supply, it doesn't mean they'll be affordable. >> i mean, i think we could end up with all this density, all is market-rate housing and really no more affordability. >> reporter: many neighborhoods that need affordable units are alreadzoned for multi-family homes. tabitha montgomery questions how addingnits in other parts of the city will help her community of powderhorn park. >> i think any step where a city is trying to think broadly about "how do we get ourselves out of this mess, how do we move the needle in terms of the units that we're currently not replacing" is a positive step.

i just don't think that it's a silver bullet. it's not going to be the answer to all of our problems or all of the ills, historically, in terms of where people have been t "allowlive," and/or, right now, the pressures of supply and demand and not having enough housing stock to go around for all the people who want to live in the city. >> reporter: and mayor jacob erey agrees the zoning change alone isn't a siullet. >> changing the zoni is not going to solve the whole thing, but its one really important facet.ve yoot to first change the zoning to quite simply allow for affordable housing in some of these neighborhoods. >> reporter: will this actually lead to more affordable housing, though? i mean, the market is soight here. there is a concern that the units that are going to get built are still going to get built in the most desirablepa s of the city, and they're going to be market-rate units, and they're still going to be unaffordable for a lot of people. >> the single-ly zoning issue is an important piece, but it's just one part of an

overarching plan to tack the affordable housing crisis that we're dealing with here in minneapolis and that many cities are seeing throughout the entire country. >> reporter: frey says the city's doing a lot more than st changing zoning. this year's budget included $40 million for affordable housing, three times the city's previous largest investment. and the mayor's proposing another $31 million for nextar the city's also planning to implement something called "inclusionary zoning," requiring developers to include affordable its in large, new apartment buildings. and the mayor has plans to tackle homelessness andth stre tenants' rights. as for the single-family zoningo change, it wicially adopted by the minneapolis city council earlier this month and will go into effect on january 1. >> you're not going to see massive change in the ate future, but will allow overme or the city to evolve. which, by thway, is exactly what cities do. they evolve. >> this is pbs newshour weekend,

saturday. >> sreenivasan: this time year, in theheorthern hemi, dark winter days bring out the lights-- lots of lights-- and not just on trees. in paris, in the gardens outside the natural history museum, the winter holidays got uny with an unusual display of giant lanterns in the shapes of sea creatures.ho ne weekend's ivette feliciano has more.r: >> reporn evening walk through the gardens and parks surrounding the paris natural history museum is now an illuminated voyage into ocean waters. >> ( translated ): it's to attract a different section of the public, to speak to a different section of the public, to talk to them about science in a bit of a different way to how we usually do in museums. to speak to families, children, and to make people aware of the cause of the ocean because there ocean which put itnger. the so, to talk about the ocean >> reporter: visitors can see 50 underwater sea creaturscenes that include an octopus, a great white shark and even a crocodile.

>> ( translated ): it's important to help people understand the necessity ofqu protectingic life, definitely, completely. >> reporter: the colorful displays, some more than 90 feet long and 30 feet high, are linked to a current exhibit at the museum designed to celebrate oceawildlife and raise awareness about the threat of climate change to the oceans. >> ( translated ): we became aware that the ocean has limits, too. f it's gigantic, it stil has limits and that the global behavior by the world's population means thae putting the ocean in danger, too. >> ( translated ): it's very poetic. >> ( translated ): it's pretty, very colorful. >> ( translated ): very colorful. the ocean theme realm. makes you dr so, with the displays, it really makes you feel like you're dreaming. >> reporter: the giant lanterns will be on display every evening except for christmas and new years eves, through january 19. w

>> sreenivasan: l have the latest news on the impeachment inquiry and reaction to the against navy seal edwardceedings gallagher on tomorrow's broadcast and online at www.pbs.org/newshour that's all for this edition of pbs newshour weekend.iv i'm hari srean. thanks foratching. have a good night. captioning sponsored by wnet ca ioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edgar wachenheim iii.

lthe cheryl and pmilstein family. rosalind p. walter, in memory of george o'neil. barbara hope zuckerberg. corporate funding is provided by mutual of ameca, designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we're your retirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the american people. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. u're watching pbs. this program was made possibib

in part by contrions to your pbs station from viewers like you.k thu. (audience applauding) ("it's the most wonderful time of the year" by andy ms) ♪ is the most wonderful time of the year ♪ ♪ with the kids jingle-belling ♪ and everyone telling you be of good cheer ♪ ♪ it's the most wonderful time of the year ♪ ♪ it's the hap-happiest seas of all ♪