♪ good evenin on the newshour tonight, are blk st. the u.n. issues a stark warning of the action that must now be taken to mitigate climate cris. then, the limits of power. a new court ruling declares the president's aides must testify as the public impeachment hearing is set. the bidding will start at one ro. wyatt -- why a shrinking italian town is selling abandoned homes. >> in whatear, what we have done, me and my wife, when we wake up and see this view in the morning, no regrets. ju: all thaand more on

tonight's pbs newshour. ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by- >> when it comes to wireless, erconsumellular gives customers a choice. no contract plans give you as much or asittle talk, text and data as you want and our customer service team is on hand to help. >> bnsf railway. >> the john s and james l knight foundation, fostering engaged communits. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions. ♪ made possib was by the corporation for public

broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. judy: the united nations has released a grim and alarming assessment about the impact of climate change. even worse, it found countries around the worldre not doing nearly enougright now to slow the damage before it becomes worse. the probability of avoiding o dangerous leve global average temperare increases is dwindling. >> if we look at global emissions, they are still going up. judy: that is according to a new u and report that found the planet will have to reduce carmen -- carbon emissions by 7.6% per year between 2020 a 2030. instead, emissions have been increasing by about 1.5% per year over the past decades. >> we have little hope. theblmissions have been s

for a few years and we were hoping that indicated stabilization.cr it started to se again and it doesn't look good. judy: as part of the 2015 paris climate accord, nearly 200 countries, including the u.s., vowed to take action to limit temperature rise to between 1.5 and two degrees csius, or enheit..7 to 3.6 degrees beyond those levels, scientists warn the climate will reach a dangerous tipping point. the goal is slipping out of reach. greenhouse gas emissions reached a record level last yr. times.nce pre-industrial many countries are not on track to meet the goals of the paris accord, and under president trump, the u.s.s thdrawing from the paris agreement, effective next year. >> had we acted in 2010, we would have had to reduce emissions by 3.3% per year.

procrastination, which essentially we had during these 10 years, we are looking at a 7.6 perct reduction every year. the science tells us we can do this. judy: if serious action is not taken, the u.n., warobal average temperatures could rise fahrenheit by the end of the century. nte challenge aheads enormous and comes amid dg estimates of the impact of what is already happening. greenhouse gases' warming effect on the planet jucreased by 43% since 1990. let's explore these qlistions with ate scientist. he is bradley horton, who works at the earth observatory at columbiath university. k you very much for being here. i want to ask s you, thnds pretty dire, to say that we have

rstartiht now to reduce emissions byver 7.5% per year. are we -- or we face catastrophe. is that dire? >> i believe it is that dire, when we think about the climate risks. in order to not blow through this 1.5 degrees celsius warming target, just as you said, we need to reduce greenhouse gas omissions by 7% or 8% per year. we need 50% less emissions each year by 2030 than we do todwo to avoid tht impacts we could see from climate change. judy: d whes the fault lie? we heardst one scienay, because of climate procrastination. whtihas been procrting? >>is the short answejust about everybody. really, to get to where we need touc become a we need to see greater ambition, especially the

leadership hase to primarily with the large economies that historically have burned so many fossil fuels. these fossil fuels stay in the atmosphere forme a very long we are experiencing today rmg and sea level rise from emissions by the united states, you -- european union from decades past. those the countries that have benefited historically from greenhouse gas omissions in terms of economic growth. those are the we have to look at first. such a pickle by delaying reducing emissions thatun now, every y in the world really has to be on board with dramatically reducg emissions. dy: i heard a panel discussion w over the weekere one of the experts said the u.s. can't wait for china and india, for example, toe on its gowo n.rs you are saying everybody has to move.

>> everybody's gab to move, lutely. in the u.s., i think brey not being mbitio and by pulling out of the protol, other countries see that as a signal that maybe they can afford to back off little. we need more ambition from everybody. e thing to keep in mind, even the countries that make pledges for 2020, the only way this is going to work is if they then amplify it and make more aggressivehe emissions pledges beginning in 2020. what we e seeing many, not all, countries failing to meet the emissionson reduc pledges they said they would get to by th20. that set stage for us needing far more ambitious reductions in our emismions over the decade. judy: do you believe it is doable, that this is, that this can be done? >> here is the paradox. despite all theegative things have been talking about so far, in some ways i think it is more doable than ever.

some early signs ossing to see mobilization. is a small amount of greenhouse gas omissions averted but when we look at powerful leaders in society, they are showing signs of ttivating arou issue. people who are say that they are not going to accept the way things were done in the past. twhen theyhink about the e heinbsg hey will go to, het t be picking industries that are focused on reducing emissions and focused on thinking about how they are going to be vulnerable to climate change. that could lead to a whole shift of renues in the future. that is one example. we could also talk w aboutt we have seen in terms of renewable energy, prices dropping faster than predicted, battery technology starting to reach a price parity. we have hit the point where utnewables areompeting fossil fuels like coal just about everywhere

we are seeing signs of mobilization. the question is, is it happening fast enough? judy: what are examples of the tough trade-offs that will have to be made? >> a few of the sectors that are really challenging, we think about aviation related aviation emissionsrowing roughly 6% per year as people fly more. we don't have a viable substitute right now for fossil fuels for aviation. similarly, heavy industry, things like mining, steel smelting, those require fossil fuels. we don't have solutions today. there are n easy fixes. in terms of other trade-offs, even where we see renewables reaching parity, there will be some existing and trenched interests at could suffer in the short term. for society, it is a net gain. we see new jobs, new areas of economic growth going forward and critically, as we quickly

reduce emissions, we avoidme orf her of these catastrophic damages that we are going to see if we fail to adapt. if we don't get emissions down, we get sea level rise to a slow, think of the costs o trying to build seawalls, having to retreat from vulnerablstareas. those exceed anything greenhouse gas emissions reduction could be. judy: how many of these tough choice are political choices? >> fundamentally, this is a political, probl you are right. the technology already exists to s t uquickly towards where we need to be, theectors i mentioned that are thwarting that notwithstanding. if we could quickly reduce omissions in renewables, if we could get the electric grid off fossiluels, get the transportation sector off fossil fuels, the ld-based transportation, those are things we could do today. if t we dot aggressively, we buy ourselves time for currently

high in the sky technologiesbe o me viable. things like pulling carbon directly out of the atmosphere. we don't have the ability to do that today but if wers buy ves enough time with the right investments, maybe soon that will be feasible, allowing us to lower carbon concentrations. but we are not there today, hence the need tir greater am across the board in society. judy: it is important to end plwith a piece of anting note. dr., thank you very much. ♪ sthanie: good evening. i'm stephanie we will return to judyftthu.ers. a house judica committee has set december 4 to open hearis on possible articles of impeachment area they will focus on whether president trump withheld

military aidne to ukror his personal political benefit. house democrats today released depositions from interviews with et official mark sandy a state department official philip reeker andei said testimony bolsters the case against mr. trump. we will return to impeachment right chatter -- right after the news summary. in iraq, more violence tod. three bombings across baghdad killed at least five people, and wounded more than a dozen. there was no immediate claim of responsibility meanwhile, clashes with security forces have left three more irmonstrators dead. smoke filled the across parts of southern iraq as protesters burned tires and occupied roads. israel says two rockets were fired from the gaza strip and it retaliated with airstrikes against hamas sites. tensions were high in the west bank.th severasand palestinians staged a day of rage against the new u.s. stance on israeli setrlements. the ump administration annoced last week it no longer considers the settlements

illegal, reversing 40 years of u.s. policy., in bethlehemotesters threw rocks at israeli soldiers,ho fired back with tear gas. leaders condemned washington. >> this decision makes the american administration narticipants with israel in violating internlaw. israel's settlements are illegal by international l by the decision of the international court of justice ande are here to declare that we will struggle for our rights, for our freedom. stephanie: israel has steadily expanded settlements that an emedrnational court illegal.in great britain, chargf anti-semitism are roiling the election campaign. the nation's chief rabbi claims in a newspaper column that anti-jewish racism is, quote, sanctioned from the top of the opposition labor party. labor leader jeremy corbyn faced criticism on the issue area today he condemned anti-semitism as vile and wrong.

a powerful earthquake in albania left at least 21 people dead and mo than 600 injured. the tremor was centered northwest of tirana, the capital city. rescue crews used echavators to seor survivors. the quake shattered hotels and buildings in the port city of some 10,000 farmers in germany protested today, denouncing new limits on agriculture chemicals. they drove tractors into berlin to the iconic brandenburg gate, traffic to a stop farmers say rules are too restrictive. the governme says it wants to protect poouinators and water. a sweeping new study finds death nsrates for younger ameri 25-34 have jumped nearly 30% this decade. the repo american medical association says that in turn has helpe cut the nations overall life expectancy for three straight

years. it says causes range from opioids to obesity to g stracted drivom cell phones. a winter storm is wreaking havoc on u.s. ho tday travel fr rockies to the great basin. parts of colorado got two feet ofnow overnight. hundreds of flights were canceled at denver's airport. in denver, it is still snowing, fouling the morning commute. minnesa and othersraced for the blow. >> we are looking at eight-12 inches of snow, winds gusting t 30-40 miles per hour. it could bevery poor visibilitye storm. stephanie: officials in new york say the storm may ground the balloons in the macy's thanksgiving the fire started monday, fanned

by strong winds in a mountainous area above santa bbara. as of late today, no homes had been destroyed. an outbreak in the u.s. of e. coli from roine lettuce is getting worse. the centers for disease control and prevention repts there are now 67 cases in 19 states. the illnesses have been linked to romaine grown in the salinas, still to come on t newshour, how the courts can shape the road ahead for impeachment.al the rise andof we work. why the startup's value dropped by $40 billion in a matter of weeks. own your own home in italy for a single euro, with stri attached, and much more.

ew>> this is pbsour from weta studios in washington and in the west, from the school of journalism. judy: a president. theourts are weighing in. [no audio]

shared space could somehow revolutionize the workplace and was happy to put in those apparently even said that he should be even crazier than he >> you said he was enthralled by mr. newman. let's give an idea of mr. newman b we will playe of him selling weworko group of u.s. mayors. >> we will create 200,000 jobs it can go bigger and bigger. we want to bring jobs, a place to live, we will bring education. we will bring corporate america. >> we get a sense of his

charisma, hi energy,, the zeal he brought to these things. tell us more about adam neumann. >> he was raised on a kibbutz.am he from an unhappy home. he talks about that. he served time in the israeli military. he went to beirut and teed up with a guy from, who grew up on a commune in oregon. they founded we work and they wanted to create a company that they said ultimately would elevate the wooud's consess. i don't know to the degree it was sincere but they said they wanted to create a place that would revolutionize the together and spark creativity and create odd for an ownership. >> what he was doing was subletting office space but he sold it as a way to build a community, to change the nature of communities. >> correct. you will find a lot of people in wework spaces who still believe

in this vision. it is a catchy one. i can see how it caught on after the financiais, whens wework was formed. they were peopleng for work. they went to these share spaces, dreamed up ideas for new businesses, startups, and that was the pitch. we ultimately saw how hollow it was that you can seeow it had some attraction. >> this is one of the great .ashes in american busine is there a moral to the story>>? think there is. there is a good moral and a bad moral. so many people fell for this. there were people on wall street that wanted to sell the company, at over $47 billion, as much as $60 billion. on the other hthd, as soon as e numbers went out into the nobody wanted to buy th

company. proposition and the ipo failed. peopleere wise to it. ey saw through it. >> thank you so much for being with us. >> thank you. judy: did you o ever dre owning your own vacation getaway in italy? thalcost u makes people think twice. now, in some parts of sicily, you can buy your own home for just one euro or a little more r.an a dollae vanishing if new owners don'tk f move in soon. christopher went to see just what kind of home you can buy for less than a price of a cup of coffee. christopher: in this sicilian town, it seems little has

changed sincthe middle ages. the wrongs have turned out to celebrate the festival of st. francis. many in the crowd are only touristsac ors. once everyone leaves, the town looks like this. empty. at lea don't many streets. it has been getting worse for decades. >> consider that in 1951, ts town had 13,000 inhabitants. today there are fewer than 7000. christopher: francisco is the mayor. he tells me the same things that make his town so picturesque, from the narrow streets to its isolation from noisy cities, have made it inconvenient for localsho have been set -- steadily leaving in search of work in the cities since after world war ii. across italy, there are thousands of towns like it, risking einction in t coming decade. the mayor says this town was desperate.

>> homes are being abandoned and left to fall apart. vewe needed to win sensiti eyes -- incentivize this. we started selling homes for only one euro. >> you can buy a house for one euro a >> absolutely. the price of a cup of coffee. christopher:e to sefor myself, i meet bought a vacation home. lefor money than he will spend repaintg. >> i have to get a smaller car. christopher: wow. this is amazing. he didn't find it this way. part of the deal requires buyers renovate their home within three years of puhase. so the original designas whis way, you cleaned it up and made it habitable. with some slight modifications. you took the shutters off the old window and it became a covered. -- cupboard. >> we saved that sink. christopher: he snt 200,000

euros toake over all 3200 square feet inside and out. >> that is money that went into ese local economy to pay for materials and w for workers. multiply that by all the homes like mine. ugso far, there have been y 120 homes sold as part of the program. christopher:th perched i shadow of mount etna, the town's allure has been contagious. it has been 10 yrs since they started selling homes for one euro and now other towns have caught on. towns like this one, population ,000. it is selling nearly 400 homes for just over a dollar each. houses come with stunning views and 360 degree sunshine. but there are hidden costs. and a lot of assembly required. some more than others. to start the house hunt, i book she shows me what you can get

for one euro. >> as you can see, the flo vith.d o they are very fragile. christopher: you can't walk over here you go >> no. avoid it. ristopr: it could collapse. >> yes, it is unsafe. christopher:ne euro also gets you whatever you find inside these dusty 2000 square feet. o in order to rebuild it. that means getting rid of furniture, getting rid of rubble and debris. don't be surpriseda orisurp of the extent of the overhaul. in this house, there is littlha you won' to fix. >> everything. wne pipes, new electric, gas. not a single thing is up to code. christopher: how much would i

ve to invest in the house if i wanted to make it livable? >> you would have to invest a lot. absolutely. it is impossible to say. at least 20,000 euros. christopher: still, not a bad deal for it in look views and your own sicilian hideaway. it is hard to get to. the nearest airport is two hours away by car. on higays that have seen better days. tourists who your will have to put up withro the s, which range from the good, the bad, and t utterly nonexistent. christopher: most of these homebuyers are tourists, here for a few months out of the year. the only real long-term solution to the population to decline. among the hundreds of people who have invested, some are starting new families. so nice to meet you. >> nice to meet you. chriopher: one year ago, this

couple became the first people to buy real estate in this town. this is original. ouandebuilt it. >> i rebuilt it. it is about 300 years old. christopher: it feels so much like him, they got married here a few days before we met. >> over there at the church. christopher: sincehere, more ths have been sold in the town to op, across europe, asia and the united states. do you regret anything about having moved here you >> no. if you see what the finished prodt is, in one year what we have done, me and my, it is beautiful. if you are waking up, you see this view in theni- str:♪

judy:t, tomorrow nibs will air at a hour-long speoual report fronewshour team. the plastic problem dependency c has created one of the biggest environmtal threats to our planet. amna joins me now. this is enormous undertakingar you spent a orking on this. amna: i was part of the reporting team along wh john yang, paul and jeffrey. we work led by our producer. we dug into more reporting from the series last year, expanded that across the globe, and we nted to understand how this one material we rely on so much yery day is now irreversi mosing our planet in ways of us don't understand. years plastic has been around,70

we have made 9 billion tons of it and most of that is still around in some form. some of the images people may see in this documentaryre disturbing, and we found in some places, the plastic is ending up inon places we 't expect. take a loo in 2015, a marineiogist vide went viral, documenting the painful process as she removed the plastic straw stuck in aea turtle'sno. in the philippinesa whale wash ofs stomach. ght in seshing nets made out of ngrepl aas gtic.et cthey are called ghost nets, abandoned by the fishing industry. tons of them are floating in the000 ocean.64 plastic.1 of all known ocean experts now believe by the year 2050, there will be more plthan. judy:ti

that is hard to comprehend. it does sound like we are just coming to an understanding of howus the problem is. what did you learn about that? amna: tried to approach this from every angle, not just looking at the history of how we got here and why the problem is so big, but also looking at how the people who make the plastic and package everything up to h sell it to us, they see the problem. we went to do of the biggest ke wt eyreoi tfi world,, d co-ccaanola d helped c recycling ody thinks they roll up the blue bins to the curb and that is it. weollowed the trail of recyclable goods to see where the plastic is ending up. we tieked to ists looking at the fish that eat the plast . are humans eating plastic because we are eating fish? on creative approacheso try to address the problem. some of those approaches surprise a lot of people. judy: you talked to a l who sayw

as an individual do about itot about it. haf and'm sure a lotpltiaw u nd s-hahas beonen the it ke a diff? it took every part of society to get us where we are mature make pthnde emreduce t, we are not yet makia dent. we make and use more p y,perts say if you want tostla e a difference totart small and scale up. we visited with a fnada trying . cain reusablile cups. cloth coffee filters. reusable snack bags made with silicone. weoover the food with waxed it doesn't dry out. you get rid of i

in your bathroom? >> reu we thesec comes, we have a glass jar. amna:ss y everywhere you can.s that is what people say will make a difference now in. try this, it is not as hard as it looks. keep in mind, if folks make aboe changes today. it is challenging to remember those little things. the program "the plastic--he pss soon. thank you. ♪ judy: many viewers know corinne g arhe of our analysts. es pna h about

growing up the eldest child of haitian immigrants. i sat down with her andng begany aser how herpbringing shaped her life. upbringing growing up in newnd any i.am about the ythpersonin who sits befor, my hard work among my evrscepeaneerth, people and talk to people, it they amerixpience.p tmy eam. they still live paycheckouse, te their daughter went to columbia, they have receivedit has been ig their experience. they get back up anden i am knocked down, i get back u

that experience growing up has really made me stronger. youjurdy: family is threaded through so much of this book. your father, a taxi driver, trained as an engineer. yourother had been nanny, then a caregiver both of them, very involved in your life, high expectation for you. >> high expectations. it was overwhelming being the oldest of three siblings. i had to take care of my gsblle winpa mhisrey nt week. i had to feed them. imho years older than my sister, tenures older than my brother so i was pretty young when they were toddlers. diapers were changed because they had to provide for the family. all of that heaviness, that responsibility led to some dark times as well. judy: you write about secrets in the family that your family didn't talk about. you write about euro and struggles at points -- your own

struggles at points in your life with emotional difficulties, your sexuality, coming out as a gay woman, and how your parents responded. >> there are so many things i bring up that you laid out perfectly, but one of them is mental health. one reason i talk about it in the book is becse there is a stigma connected to mental health. people don't want t ty go thrgho when d they are k times and they don't know how to get out of it. because of the pressures ofe growing up and just feeling like days, there was a time where ing attempted to take mlife. i attempted suicide. it was a dark time in my lcleard i put that in the book. i put it in the book because i wanto help people. i want anybody who has ever felt thatay tele t is a

what you think got you through that? >> i think back again, although there w pressure from the community and my family and pressures i put on myself, i think because growing up, my parents always instilled in me that i was going to survive, that i was going to be a star and couldn't do anything i wanted somehow, somewhere, that was still there even though i was so down-and-out. judy: you finished college, went on to graduatetooo sch politics. ?de >> i think i just persevered. i think being knocked back down and going back up again. i teach at an ivy league school. unopndp ghaveli through theis. i have a five-year-old. my partner and i have a beautiful five-year-d daughter . helps me understand what kind of world war i want to leave for her? judy: you talk about young

people working at the white house, that they can make a difference in politics and policy at the grass roots level. >> i believe they can. the way they will make the change is that if their voices in a fight, if they step into hethe political arena, whit at wth oki ssciding to i runor themselves r candidate the future, i tell tt blueprintin and the playbook for doing that. judy: there is book where, you worked for president obama and anthony weiner and politicians who didn'tdwarct e, lyxajohn a dnd'a d'learned. >> i say in my book, don't -- people on a pedtal. ari about the issues, but don't put people on a pedestal i tell youngus people, if you do

end up working for a flawed care of your career as wl. it is a fine line to walk but you have to continue stieve in. judy:in you are a political strategist, a del cratic politirategist so i won't get you without asking, how do you believe democrats can defeat donald trump next year? do you think they have a chance of winning? >> i do. that is because we have been the democratic base, the s.ye resistance if you want to call it that. weave shown up in races, in big ways, historical numbers. there is an energy there. en you look at the polling and it says what do democrats want thet, m thewant somebody who can beat donald trump. s

movement to donald trump. i'beno ''on w color, black of the democratic party, women,e educated white women, you have to get everybody. you have to have a coalition. people who don't normally vote em ghet. h cnc judy:hink bk ng thearrwthfo" d.♪an >> like a typewriter?

>> yes.

>> pati narrates: mexico. every time i think i know you so well, you manage to surprise me. as i travel my beloved country i'm greeted by familiar scenes everywhere i go. magic, sleepy colonial towns. sun-soaked, happy beach destinations. vibrant, thriving cities full of life.wa but i find it so exciting to get off the beaten path w to really get to kplace. we're gonna take 'em to theiver, come. pati narrates: today we are leaving the familiar behind in search of new adventures. pati: hey! >> daniel: hola pati! >> pati narrates: i'm meeting up with local guide daniel to follow him up into the mountains where few outsiders have ever travelled before. how do we go? do we walk? do we hike? pati: here in jinetes miles from the rest of civilization, are machado family apto be stuck in time,