judy: a clearer timeline. new reporting reveals the extent of rudy giuliani's business in ukraine. more confirmation that preside trump knew of the government whistleblower's complaint befor releasing military aid. , injured on the job at amazon and hidden from view. ce atuman cost of conveni one of the world's largest companies. plus, shocking amounts of food never make it to the table and head straight for the landfill. states like california are g to change that cycle. >> there is enough food in los angeles and local food systems feed everyone in snely able to

california. with the food being available, it is a distribution problem. judy: all that and more on pbs newshour. ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by b nsrailway. consumer cellular. supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the world's most pressing problems. skoll foundation.org. lsthe le foundation. omittedro to ing lives through invention in the u.s. and developing countries. hepported by the john deke -- the john d and cne t macarthur foundation, committed to building a more just, verdant

and peaceful world. and with the ongoing support of theses. institution ethis program was m possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers you. thank you. judy: -- stephanie: good evening. we will return to the rest of the showat after thet headlines. late this evening, president trump signed into law two bills in hong kong.emocracy ptesters the move puts hong kong's special trading status with the u.s. on the line, requing an annual certification by the state department. it also threatens sancons for certain human rights abuses, and bans the export of teagas an other crowd control munitions to hong kong police. strong reaction came out of beijing's foreign ministry,

condemning u.s. efforts to interfere in hong kong, and saying it will take firm countermsures if the u.s. continues on this track. u form. navy secretary richard spencer speaks out three days after being fired. he was in a dispute with president trump over how to handle a navy seal convicted of posing with a corpse in iraq. in an opinion piece for the washington post, spencer wrote, "the president has very little understanding of what it means to be in the militar to fight ethically, or to be governed by a uniform set of rules and practices." a major storm dumped heavy snow across the midwest today,in fotravel on the day before thanksgiving. as much as a foot fell in me places, delaying flights at chicago's o'hare airport, one of the nation's busiest. a separate system slammed oregon and california wh rain, snow, and high wind, and transportation officialsto scrambleeep roads clear. >> we ran into some fog a little

earlier. we are reducing visibility substantially. snow is coming down and it is ficking. carans is out l force, sandinand plowing. they laid a brine solu last night. we will try to kees it open. thatr goal. to keep it open, and keep it safe. stephanie: utility crews in worked today to restore power to thousands. explosions at a chemical plant in texas have forced thousands of people fr their homes tonight. the first blast hit the tpc plant at port neches, 80 miles st of houston.si a second explo erupted this afternoon, that sent fires racing throughout the site and new clouds of smoke high overhead. there were no deaths, but 60,00w peophin four miles of the plant were ordered to evacuate. onpresident trump's pe lawyer, rudy giuliani, is facing new questions about financial dealings in ukraine amid the impeachment inquiry. the new york times and washington post report, giuliani pursued contracts with ukrainian officials as he was pushing them

to investigate mr. trump's political rivals. we will take a closer look after in iraq, security forces have killed six more protesters andun d 35 in neunrest over corruption and economic distress. in baghdad, crowds threw rocks live fire and tear gas. braving later, protesters burned the iranian consulate in a show of opposition to iran's influence in iraqi affairs. officials in iran say 200,000 people took part in protests over gas prices last week, and 7000 were arrested in a crackdown. also today, the government reported nearly 900 banks, gas stations, and official buildingu were burneduring rioting. in what is a common refrain, supreme leader ayatollah al-khomeini said it was all fomented by the united states. >> it was a deep, extensive and very dangerous conspiracy

that cost the u.s. mon and effort. they thought they found the opportunity, and brought theirfi troops to thd. this move was destroyed by the people. tistephanie: amnesty interal says more than 140 protesters were killed in the crackdown. iran hasn't reported any numbers of its own. violence surged in lebanon overnight, and dozens of people were hurt.re riot troops alled out in tripoli, as supporters and opponents of the country's president fought each other. the clashes left buildings damaged and fires burning. protests against the country's political ite began in mid-october. in colombia, severaland demonstrators marched in bogota again today over economic conditions and a variety of other causes. the peaceful gathering came after nearly a week of sometimes violent protests. four people have been killed, and millions of dollars in business has been lost. back in this country, the white house says it will defend making immigrant visas contingent on proof of health insurance.

a federal judge temporarily blocked the policy tuesday. opponents argue it would bar nearly 2000 of all prospective legal immigrants.n immigratents arrested 250 foreign students who enrolled in a fake university outside detroit. it was part of based in operation against visa fraud. -- a sting operation against visa fraud. massachusetts became theanirst state tolavored tobacco and e-cigarette products. most provisions take effect immediately. republicanovernor charlie baker signed the bill at a ceremony in boston and urged more action from the federal government. >> theational policy with respect to this stuff, i cannot -- it can be more effective than doing it one state at a time. but i cannot uerstand why anybody woulthink, given all the data and evidence and information out there at this point time, that the right thing for us to do would be nothing. stephanie: president trump proposed banning most flavors of e-cigarette nationwide, but

hasn't yet taken any concrete action. at least six companies that make or distribute prescription opioid painkillers are facing a federal criminal investigation. the wall street journal and others report the focus is their role in the epidemic of opioid addiction and overdoses. the companies include johnson & johnson, america source, bergen and mckesson. former predent jimmy carter was released from the hospital in atlanta to head home forng thanksgi he had surgery two weeks ago to reduce pressure on his brain caused by the recent fall. carter is 95 years old. former deputy attorney generalau william ruckelhas died. he gained fame in 1973 when he refused to fire the watergate special prosecutor anixon ordered and resigned his post instead. he was the first head of theta environmprotection agency. william ruckelshaus was 87 years old. still to come on the newour

with judy woodruff, the white house's pressure on ukraine grows clearer and we check in to see how impeachment is resonating arod the country. hidden costs of two day shipping. dangerous conditions faced by amazon warehouse workers. reversing mammoth amounts of foodaste. in southern california. and much more. ♪ >> this is the pbs newshour from weta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of jonalism at arizona state university. judy: another day, another new handful of revelations filling in our understanding of how president trump's associates and his administration have interacted with ukraine. what was rudy giuliani doing in that country? what did the president know about the government

whistleblower complaint and when did he know it? we will walk through a day of developments withhe yam al cindor. much to follow as always. we learned more about giuliani's involveme's in ukraine. yamiche: the key thing is, people say you need to follow the money and in this case, the washingt post and new york times say they follow giuliani's money to show he was trying to negotiate a lucrativconsulting deal with the government of ukraine while he was at the same ti urging the toprosecutor there to look into joe biden and hunter biden. we know through documents, giuliani was negotiating up to $200,000 to be paid by the ukrainian government to do work that would have been him looking into whether or not ukraine had stolen money that somehow ended up overseas. giuliani says he looked at the deal, he agrees this was

something he was looking into and ultimately he said this was a conflict of interest and he said he never made a penny off it. this is important because it is giuliani pressuring or making ukrainian officials look into this claim that joe have been a corrupt person operating in the country. at the same time, he is trying to benefit financially from it this is a very big deal and something we will continue to look into. judy: it raises questions about the relationship between rudy giuliani and the president. is the president's personal lawy. what is happening in their relationship you go yamiche: the other thing to note, this could be breaking the law. giuliani could have been looking into possibly not registering as a foreign agent here and that is breaking the law becau he would be seeking to influence the united states government a the behalf ooreign country. the other thing to note is, president trump was answering questions about whether or not he told giulia to do anything ukraine and here is what he

toldill'reilly, formerox news host. >> you have to ask that to rudy. buty, r i know he was going to go to ukraine and i think he canceled the trip. rudy has other clients other than me. he is, he is a warrior. rudy went, he possibly,av you to understand, rudy has other people he represents. yamiche: some people see this as the president trying to put distance between himself and giuliani although a number of officials saidleresident trump and on giuliani to pressure you can for the money. giuliani at one point said he had insurance on president trump in case he tried to throw him under the bus,hi but he says was him being sarcastic. his lawyer says heul told ni to call the president to reassure him that he was not trying to say anything that would upset the relationship. i want to read quote from giulni because he is trying to

make sure he is defending the etesident. he t today, "emma kratz have issued -- democrats have issued more subpoenas than bills signed into a law. it want to t proteir seats and remain in power." that is giuliani echoing the president's complaints. judy: so much to follow. separately, there rose reporting siabout when pnt trump learned of thaten gover whistleblower complaint. what do we know? yamiche: we knew white house officials were facing pressures from congress and reporters to lease military aid to ukraine. what we know based on the reporting is, the president was briefed on the whistleblower complaint two weeks before the military aid was released. thate is important because president told the eu ambassador gordon sondland that he didn't want any quid pro quo when they talked before the money was

released. this timeline shows the president said this after he knew there was a whistleblower complaint talking specifically about quid pro quo. the white house has had this defee that everything was ok because ukraine got the money and the president of the ukraine and united states eventually met. we knonow that the aid was released because the president, in part because the president knew about thehistleblower complaint. the white house meeting never actuallyappened. the two presidents met on the sidelines of the united nations, but the president of ukraine has yet to come to the white house and get what wodid really be a omatic and big welcome at the white house. that is differen mthan a sideliting. judy: thank you. here in the nation's capital, pretty much all the attention is on impeachment but how is it being received in other parts we the country? turned to three public media reporters to find out. katie is with wl iran, south --

wlrn, mary from twin cities pbs in minneapolis, and banta joins us from minneapolis as well, where she is visiting for theoliday. it is great to have you with us on the newshour. i will start with you. i know you' home' coloro and that is what i want to talk about. when you talk to colorado voters about impeachment, how much attention are they paying? are they interested in it? >> when we talk to voters across thpepoliticalrum, i was surprised how engaged people are and how much they are paying attention. lots of people said they would watch the public hearings live. otrs t were plannifollow it closely in the news. people had a lot of opinions but also understood the nuance and were closely paying attention. judy: mary, what about you? your beat is minnesota.

our people following these hearings? >> absolutely. minnesotans lead the nation and voter turnout and we are politically divided. we have one of, if not the only divided legislature in the nation and we are divided on impeachment. how not a majority for against it. minnesotans tend to run independent. we have a libertarian strp k. we know trme close to winning minnesota. he visited last month and wants to be in contention. a those same pol showing as much as 10 points down on the presidential race, that may have a factor that we have a minnesotan in the race in amy klobuchar. judy: katie, president trump came to south florida last night for a political rally. you were there. t before i turn to you i w play a bit of what the president

had to say about the democrats running the impeachment process. >> they are pushing the impeachment, which hunt, and -- witch hunt, and bad things are happening to them. you see what is happening in the poll everybody said, that is really bull [beep.] judy: clearly aery pro-trump crowd. they appeared not to think much of the impeachment process. what did they tell you? >> one of the interesting parts , the trump supporters that are worried about it from the perspective that their vote coulbe suppressed or taken away from the 2016 election. which was an interting perspective i hadn't heard before. last night, by and large, people e all lining -- aligning just daniels scandal or mueller report. they think this is just another thing, something

blow over soon. judy: staying with you, katie, what about voters you talked to before the rally? you have interviewed voters over a number of days. elwhat is everybody elseng you? >> last night, there was a ge group,te 20,000 trump suppor in broward county, a very blue democratic county, ahead of the rally. was a counter democratic protest. self floridians are worried about a couple tngs but they are in. they are not watching it live. they have been seriously following news recaps at the end of the day to make sure they know the gist of it. a lot of people coming they rely on recaps. judy: i want to come back to you in terms of how pple are following this. do you find folks have their minds made up or are they still tiopen-minded w for more information? hi>> i it is a little bit of both.

you have thpro-trump supporters who feel like this is a waste of time and the government should move on and people have been trying to get trump out of office since the day he was eleraed. some dem know how they feel, they think there is enough evidence for impeachment. i was surprised how many people are in the mdle, they are waiting to get more information. i talked to some conservative women who didn't vote for trump, and one woman said how people conduct themselves during the public phase will impact her vote, especially down ticket. senate race.etitive u.s. cory gardner is facing a tough challenge. she said that could impact how she votes in the senate race what most of to that phase, if it does. t erybody is set in their opinions. we found that with unaffiliated voters as well. judy: mary, what about minnesota? are people set in stone about this or are they looking for information?

x i think there are some looking for information. the latest polls came out with 45% of minnesotans thinking there waenough evidence to convict and 40% saying there is not. 15% don't haopinion or are undecided. i talked to one independent voter who says he is still watching everything, watchg as much of the hearings ise ossible to m his mind. he says he is staying open-minded. i checked in with another independent, we have a lot of them, and that voter says they are done, they want to move onto issues. we are an issue oriented populace. this voter wanted to hear about health care. we have major employers, the tayo clinic is the largest employer in the. many health care cpanies, lots of fortune 500 companies, we care about business and health care. sounds like some have really atigued to reach a point.judy: kn ieuth florida, what about the question across

the board, are voters open to new facts or pretty much set in their views? wrecks the voters i have spoken with are set in their views. especially for democrats keeping up with the impeachment hearings. a couple voters told mean of -- told me now we see there is evidence. is not evidence.convinced there i think both sides are seeing the impeachment proceedings, but they are paying attention, although they are not necessarily coenng across as inded. judy: our people believing -- ar and hear you go to the think the process is being conducted fairly, that it is on the level? >>haone is a little more partisan. i think republicans feel like the whole questioni in and of

itself is done in a partisan way and shouldn't be happening. i think democrats and unaffiliated vers thought, we need to get to the bottom of this and there is a sense of fatigue even from democrats, who feel the president should be impeached. theyon't want this to drag on too long. people are really worn out and weary. it is even hard to get folks to talk about this topic.people try they try to keepni os to themselves because they know how volatile it can be. people are interes wd but they alt to move on. judy: marry in minnesota, do you find people believe what they are watching? do they think this is a fair process? >> it depends on where you come democrats think itir and republicans don't. looking at my inbox from members of congress,, we have a

majority, 5-8 of our members of congress are new and many of them flipped seats. they are all relately quiet. i don't think our members of congress want to be talking much. we have our seventh district congressman collin peterson, a democrat who won in the biggest trump district, has a tough challenger with michelle fishbach running against him and ads are trying to drum on peterson against this. peterson voted against the initial impeachment pceedings. we are incredibly divided and the five new members of congress are under a lot of pressure. judy: when you add it up, katie, people are feeling we will get to the bottom of ts e way, or are they writing this off? >> i had a couple voters tell me, impeachment is going to happen one way or the other. we don't know if that equals

removal but it does't matter. what matters is the election. democrats are trying to look forward, figure out how to get out the vote, mobilize, organize election despit whatever happens with impeachment, keep moving towards the election. judy: so interesting to get these views from around the country. kaie in minna -- in florida, benta in colorado, mary in minnesota. ♪ judy: black friday is two days away. it kicks off the peak of shoppingean especially for amazon. this year the companyfe is ng to deliver some packages to its prime members in one day. the retail giant announced it will hire 200,000 people are the

holiday shopping season. that is double the number of workers it hired a year ago. many amazon staffers say the demand for greater speed is the leading factor harming warehouse workers. likeany other companies, amazon doesn't make its workplace injury rates public. but will evans was able to compile injury records from amazon worksites across the country foran the first timd has sobering findings. >> let's go ahead and clock out. will: it is the beginning of pe shopping season. this is how one manager revs up his workers. >> 1, 2, 3, ahhh! will: last year, amazon sold 180 million items in the five days from thanksgiving to cyber monday. they boast of the speed that is

the cornerstone of the business model. >> have you ever wondered how amazon gets your packages to you quickly? the slam machine scans your box and attachethe label in one second. will: candace has experienced this first hand, workingt fulfillment warehouse in southern california. >> i worked physical jobs. it seemed ok at the beginning. will: she worked as a stoneworko loadingcts into storage bins with a computer tracking her pace per package down to the second. >> it should take 11 seconds or less, but 11 seconds was the goal. will: is that hard to meet? >> yes. will: if staffers don't meet the quarter, they can get written up and fired. she had to hit her rate no tter what package came her way. >> i had a full shift of all heavy items and that is what happened. i got injured. i threw my back out. will: her doctor told her to

limit heavy lifting but amazon ceer back to work, still dealing with heavy boxes, and her injury got worse. she isow out of work. she received a worker's comp. settlement but the money is running out. >> doing dishes kurtz. -- hurts. preparing food hurts. i don't know how i amooing survive financially. am i have a home in a couple months? i don't know what to do. will:zo a refused to let us film inside its warehouses, but an online video shows the nation's second-largt private employer tells its culture of etsafety. >> sis the number one priority. >> you want to be the most say to -- orfety centric nization in the world. will: amazon closely guards recordsf injuries, but federal regulations say the company must provide workers with the injury logs from their worksis. with the help of amazon employees around th country, we

were able to obtain official injury records from 23 warehouses across 14 states am a representing about 20% of amazon's fulllment centers. at these warehouses, we found last yea worke got seriously injured at more than double the industry average in some facilities, it is four or six times that average. serious injuries are thoke for which w need to take time off or be restricted from certain tasks. amazon declined to be interviewed but in an email state of the rates are high because it diligently reports injuries, saying, "amazon encourages the reporting of how small." it also says rates of lost work time are high because amazon takes an abundance of caution in not placing employees back at work before they are ready we showed our findings to a former amazon safety manager who asked us to hide his identity. he said the injury rates at the warehouse wereuch higher than ey should be.

>> 122 reportable injuries, that is a significant amount of injuries. that should not be happening. will: the injuries we found ranged from lacerations to most were labeled ins and sprains. a third of the injured workers had to take up more than a month to recover. >> we looked at how we can get packages to the customer in a day, but we haven't figured out thow we can get packages customer today without hurting people. will: he says the high injury rates are linked to the extreme production quotas amazon workers must h every shift. are they going to fast? >> that is where it land people might be making those numbers, but what are they sacrificing to make that numr? >> these are the shirts they give everybody. will: christina worked as -- at >> this is the million unit

club. will: that means you ship out a million units in a day. quite she saw pressure to get packages out the dora's fast as possible. >> it is intense. think of santa's workshop. from you -- from the timepu you h in until you punch out you are going a million miles a minute. will: in january, she was working the night shift when she her manager told h keep working but she felt she had t call 911. >> i'm calling from an amazon building. i am an associate and i believe there is a gas leak. there are two associates that were vomiting. one girl almost passed out. will: she said ma'ement wouldnt stop operations for fear of not meeting quotas. >> i said somethingth t several times. everybody is sick and you are not letting people go? theyre saying we have to use our personal time if we have to leave.

>> they are losing about getting fired or losing theirtay. that is something they should be worried about when there is a gas leak. you should be worried about your life. will: workers who left that day were docked fo personalou time al amazon eventually reverse that aer workers complaint. >> when they sithere and say all they care about is the safety of their employees, obviously not because y cared about the safety, if safety wasdy first, every would have been evacuated from the building and they weren't. will: in the statement, amazon refuted this, saying "within minutes of being alertedelo the of gas, all associates in the immediate affected area were removed. the site was shut down for about 1.5 hours. associates are tremain on-site so we can resume operations once the situation is resolved." for workers told us there was no sitewide shut down. amazon says it is doing what it can to make warehouses safer or

workers, like adding more robots to warehouse floors. >> we are striving to be a leader. there are many things we cnged in our operations through the use of technology that helps speed rings up and makes it safer -- things up and makes it safer. will: in our data, many high injury rates work with warehouses with robots. the former safety manager saw >>is first hand. f you go to the amazon robotics sortable buildings, you are going into the lions den. there is more automation, more places to get hurt. will: and it is faster. >> it is. building n that blistering. will: heays robots increase the pace to the point where humans can't keep up. have the robots pushed humans past their limits? >> you are seeing that nexus where we are lik a, huma tapping out. will: he hopes amazon workers

won't pay the price for even speedier deliveries this holiday season. >> on you order f somethim amazon andin you worde amazon, you wonder, is it going to cause some sort of significant injury or illness or something like that? if i order one click shipping, what does that affect it is to have on somebody' life? will: this is will evans for pbs oh -- newshour. judy: on friday, will investigates a death at a fulfillment warehouse that raises leschins about how vernment officials deaio with safetytions at the global company. stay with us. coming up, the threat of rising

water. an entire village in alaska moves. for many of us, the thanksgiving meal is one of the mostov b culinary traditions of the year. that feast usually ends with plentiful leftovers and then some. that extra usually ends up in the garbage and adds to the much larger problem of food waste in thisry cou. that makes it a good time to to rethink our attitudes andent approach about this. lison of npr showed us the depth the problem in previous reports and she is back for a special series. welcome. >> good to be here. judy: the numbers are staggering, something like 30%-40% of the food we produce never makes it to the table. >> when these numbers were first documented several years a w, the reacti, how could this the? two years later, there are all

kinds of solutions being tried. we visited farmers in massachusetts. they are taking food waste, streams of food that can't be in, and turning it into eltricity, renewable energy. we start the series in californ really leading the way. i traveled with our producer around the state and here is what we found. when we first came to salinas wlley four years ago, we walls of leafy greens being tossed away. it is still happening. on peak days, up to 200 tons of produce is headed to the dump eated at a surpluss on farm and packaging facilities. one reasonhese greens and appear is because they weren't shipped in time to give groceries enough shelf time to sell them. it was these plastic bs that frustrated the sit -- this waste

manager. >> the plastic, you shred the plastic with the organics and it contaminates the compost. b >> this used t tossed ihe a landfill w it would rot andmit methane. cesa says there is a new solution. thlook at al lettuce. it is all in plastic. >> it is all in plastic, the same stuff we saw four years ago. now wee have this machinthat separates the plastic from the lettuce. >> all of that bagged lettuce goes in here. >> it is being separated. the plastic comes out here. u will see the organic material coming out into this container. >> look at that. >> we call it salsa. >> a salsa of wasted lettuce.

here is where you take the lettucelurry and turn it into mething valuable? >> after we get out the slurry, weill compost it. >> and then you are selling it back to farmers? >> we sellto iarmers and they place it back on the agricultural land to grow more produce. >> composting can reduce or prevent the release of methane, as these greens breakdown. this is beneficial because methane is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas omsions, and factory in climate change. in addition to composting, recovering edible food before and makes it to a land fl -- a landfill is a way to prevent food waste. california will lallout new businesses like groceries and distributors to donate their edib food waste.

by 2022 if they n't comply, sinesses could be fined. >> the easiest thing to do is throw the extra food out. with the new law, it forces people to take that extra effort anerd that se in itself helps people reduce the amount of surplus they are creating. >> that is dana who helpedba put the issu on the map in 2012 with a report that documented how much goes to waste. the state of california is expanding grants to nonprofits to recer all of this surplus food that may have just gone to ste, to feed hungry people. >> millions of pounds of produce per year. >> one group leading the way is called food forward, run by rick. [applause] >> collecting food donations is nothing new, but what you see here is taking it to aew level. >> itis is a quantity that

amazing. kale, corn.ons, watermelon, it is like a supermarket. >> thanks to a grant from the state, he bought this warehouse, that can hold up to 150,000r pounds of produce. this will double the amount of food he can recover. >> people don't understand the scale of overproduction, and there is no one in fruit and figuring o exactly where this stuff should be going and coming from so the result is waste. >> he is out to change this. they developed a system to match the wholesalers whodhave surplus o give away with the people who need it. th year they will distribute food to 18 hundred hunger relief agencies in southern california. a lot of the surplus mes from farms, farmers markets and right here, the a. wholesale food

market. we checked it out. do you have any deals this morning? >> yes. we offered -- we were offered 15,000 pounds of peaches. >> he is part of the food forward operation team and his job is to nag vendors about to toss stuff out. by 6:00 a.m., they have recovered close to 80,000 pounds of produce. why would any of these vendors be offering donations? what is wrong with the produce? wechsler a lot of it gets donated mostly because there are minor imperfections. >> that is not the only reason. >> they told me this pallet over here, this one, thisey one, th haven't been sold yet and they have a new shipment of peaches coming into so they want get rid of them before they have to throw them away. the issue with this box, there

is some decay. >> that some of them are good. >> this company is short on frigerator space. they want to donate them. >> by 10:00 a.m., thech pea and produce are loaded onto this truck. first stop, resurrection church. families are lined up. thagwholesale market i asked if he is worried about not having enough food. >> there is definitely enough food that re able to feed everyone in southern california. the issue is not necessarily wi the food being available, it is a distribution problem. >> getng it to the people in need. >> you have to create a bridge between the abundance and the people in need. >> ayla just ask problem of a have a fix for. there is no software to track the produce they are moving in and out.

>> we are able to track food in real, able to see where the trucks are at, what is on each truck, where it is coming from, where it is going and it allowed us to scale. t> that scale is what is needed. california is no the only state taking action. five states and cities have restrictions aimed at diverting food wte from landfills. ♪ judy this week has broug another alarming milestone. global greenhouse gas omissions hit a record level again last year. th heat trapping gases inarease and the warms, melting even the thick ice in the arctic permanently frozen.emain as a result, rising seas could threaten hundreds of millions of people worldwide. including in a small alaskan village.

stephanie has the story of the village and their efforts to adapt. stephanie: more than two decades ago, the upik voted to move to new land. with the earth warming, the permafrost their village sat on was melting. rising seas were eroding the river line and coastline. in october, the first people started moving to their new town on the hillside of a volcanic island near the bering sea. ithe new plac nine miles away, but their journey was as long -- was long, and arduous. >> getting the people, food, everything associated with

the move was challenging forf everybody. stephanie: without a federal policy for locating people affected by climate change, the yupik sought funding and the military helped builde s of the houses. the first prototype house was erected in 2016 and 17 families ha moved in. they are improvements to what many rural alaskans have had er and sewag w replacing the honey buckets that made living in their old town less than sanitary. outside groups like alaskanwith native tribal health consortium to design and engineer a village that would continue their culturof living off the land. the fishing is better near the new town. >> the folks didn't want tntbe integratedanother village, because they have been around this area for hundreds of years

they know where to fish. they know where to hunt. keeping thei subsistence livelihood intact together with their culture, we wanted to keep that alive for them. stephanie: the houses are more sustnable, harnessing renewable energy and with them, the yupik and you're a new future, one they hope is healthier and safer. >> it is heartbreaking to see what is being lost tthe river. families don't, you know, then you keep their tradition, you keep their identity. climate refugees, they are called, but also survivors and in way, pioneers. the resettlement of the yupik

people through in agencies from erdit fields and isn't over. one organization helping manage the relocion is the alaska gavin dixon is the developmentm. manager and joins me from anchorage. you were in the town recently. give us an idea of how people are wettling in. have about 18 families moved in. people are setneing into their homes. they are getting used to more space and a new locion. i think people are starting to embrace their new home. stephanie: how long will it take to fully relocate the entire community? i>>t depends on when investment comes for additional housing and infrastructure but we are forecastinby 2023, relocating the entire population to the new site. stephanie: communities around theountry and the world are facing tough questions about

whether to stayn flood prone areas or relocate. where do you see the yupik relocation model fitting into the national conversation? ask this community is moving -- >> this community is moving early. they are not the only community and ral alaska. at least 12 other communities are either to face a full or part for the -- partial relocation. there are peoplell over the world that face the same threats. it is not easy to move. challenges on a personal level are serious. challenges from a technical, design and construction level especially in the arctic, are complicated. stephanie: what other challenges came out of the process of relocation that would be informative to other communities facing the samee ate with climange approaching? >> some of the decisions that have been the most challenging our how do you relocate?

how do you plan for something that hap snswly? lots of times when a community faces a disaster, it is an instant event, a tornado, a hurricane. the effort to rebuild is based specific event what happens when it is a slow moving it -- disaster like rsistent flooding? how do you plan forddressing a disaster like that? we put a lot of effort into what it is like to relocate a community, what is the highest priority. stephanie: how much did the yupik people contribute to building the new community? >> an incredible amount. n half the construction crew is a local workforce. the community put in every dollar from every funding source, including their own tribal revenues, to build housing for their people. stephanie: how much time do the

folks still have in the old town to relocate beforeheiromes disappear? >> in 2019, 7 homes would have gone into the river if they hadn't been demolished. those residents have already relocated. more homes lie in the way of the erosionha is encroaching 60 feet per year. the folks closest to the erosion have less time. there are four houses that could be potentially impacted in 2020. the school is a central pillar of the a communi that will be impacted as soon as 2021 or 2022. the airport, the community's primary transportation access, would be impacted20 b. one of the core tenets of the culture is adaptability and that is an important value the community maintains to deal with the threat like climate change. stephanie: gavin dixon, community development managerna with the alaskve tribal

health consortium. thank you so much. >> thank you. judy: tonight's brief but adrienne c. moore, known for her role in "orange is the new black."t she opens up abe impact her father had on her. this is part of canvas, our covering of art and culture. >> what i love about acting and being in front of people is honestly, seeing their expressions. my first production i can remember was the best christmas pageant ever inle nashv tennessee had no lines, just a chus part. that gave me a chance to look at every person in the audience during the show and see them smile and laugh and have

feelings and emotions. from that moment on, i said i want to do this for the rest of my life. "orange is the new black" came about just like any other audition. they cled me in for black cindy. when i read it, i said, i know this girl. to me, she represented a lot of girls i have run aoss when moved to atlanta, very fiery and speak their minds and pop their fingers and rolled their eyes their truth.ds and tell when i read her, i thought, i could embody her. she got screwed by me, by everybody. suzanne, everything ibroken and life is unfair. when are you going to len i did the taming of the shrew in shakespeare in the park. i got to work with a ph.omenal

direct i was afraid of shakespre. iambic pentameter, all that kind of stuff. but she really taught me how to own the language, and in that ownership, how to own the arter. once i got past that fear, i have the most amazing time -- d the most amazing tim what was revolution eerie about that revolutionary about that was, i lost my dad at the same time i was doingwahat show so i in experiencing incredible highs and lows at the same time. one thing my dad taught me and told me before he passed was, happiness. that is the thing i try to and who i am. my life i feel like when i am in the pocket with something, i will sometimes hear thise chime somewhere in the distance and i feel like it is it -- it is my dad going, you got it. my dad was very pud of me, of

his children. because one of the things he always said was, do wha makes you happy. and a lot times, when i get in confusing places in my life t choice 't know w make, i think about what he says, do what makes you happy. and so that is how i make my decisions. i don't question, i just go inside mysel and i say, what will make me happy in this moment? htthat is what my dad tae. my name is adrianne c. moore and this is my brief but spectacular s in my my charact life judy: you can watch additional brief but spectular website -- on our website. report airing on pbs tonight, the plastic problem. our reporting team spent mor than a year examining how our

created one of thest plastic has environmental threats to our planet. amna posts he's a quick look. amna: the oceans are swimming in it. rivers are choked with it. coastlines are collecting . landfills are clogged with it. trash bags areilled with it. it is even floating in t air we breathe. imagine spreading out 9 billion metric tons evenly. we could cover an area the size of argentina or california six times over. tna: it's plastic some of material we can't seem to live without that also lasts longer than a lifetime. plastic can take sndreds of ye to break down and even then, only in march -- microparticles. it is hurting animals. plastic problem air on pbs tonight at 10:00 a.m. 9:00 central. that is the newshour for tonight.

i'm judy woodruff. join us online and here tomorrow evening for all of us, have a wonderful thanksgiving. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> consumer cel contract wireless plans designed to help you do more of the things you enjoy. whether you areer talker, text photographer, our customer service team will find a plan that fits you. >> bnsf railway. and with the ongoing suppo of these individuals and institutions. ♪

this program was made cossible by tporation for public broadcasting and by corporate -- contributions to your pbs station by viewers like you. thank you. s thiss newshour west. from weta studios in washington and from our bureau at the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. ♪

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