captioning spons by newshour productions, llc od >> nawaz: govening. wam amna nawaz. judy woodruff is on the newshour tonight: tensions in the middle east. the future of the ces. troop presn iraq, after the latest conflict with iran. thenthe first television interview with the womho released documents exposing china's systematic oppression and persecution of uighur muslims. >> ( translated ): the uighur genocide is a repeat of the jewish holocaust from world war ii. the world has begun to slowly realize that chinese oppression of the uighurs has nothing to do with other identities. it's a crime against humanity. >> nawaz: and, it's friday. so mark shields and david brooks are here to discuss the latest on iran, impeachment, and the 2020 campaign trail. all that and more, on tonighs

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consumercellular.tv >> american cruise lines >> fidelity investments. >> the john s. and james l. knight foundation. fostering informed and engaged communities. more at kf.org.>> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and friends of the newshour. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> nawaz: the impasse over a senate impeachment trial of

president trump is ending.nc house speaker pelosi said today, the house will move next week to send the two articles of impeachment to the senate. she had withheld them for three weeks, hoping senate republicans would allow witnesses at the wial. today, the speakte to house democrats, saying, "every senator now faces a choice: to be loyal to the president, or the constitution." it remains unclear exactly wn the senate trial would begin. the final jobs report of 2019 shows u.s. hiring was a little slower in december. the labor department announced today the economy added a net of 145,000 jobs-- a bit below projections. the unemployment rate held at 3.5%. that is still a 50-year low. overall, t economy added 2.1 million jobs last year-- that is down from 2.7 million in 2018. iran issued new denials today that one of its own missiles shot down a ukrainian airliner outside tehran this week.

the crash killed all 176 people on board. ie u.s., canada, and others say it is likely thenians accidentally fired on the plane. but iran's top aviatficial insisted today that's not true. >> ( translated ): what we canwi sa absolute certainty is that no missile has hit this plane. as i said last night, the plane flew-- whi on fire-- for morees than 1.5 minand the crash site shows that the pilot had decided to return to thet. airp >> nawaz: later, iran's ambassador to britain denied reports that the crash site has oready been bulldozed. but u.s. secretastate mike pompeo promised an "appropriate response" if iran did indeed shoot do the plane. it now appearshe u.s. killing of iranian general qassem soleimani one week ago was part of a broader plan. reports today said a u.s. air strike that same day failed to kill a senioiranian commander operating in yemen.

meanwhile, secretary pompeo insisted again that soleimani posed an "imminent" threat. he also echoed president trump's new claim that u.s. embassies in iraq and elsewhere were at risk> e had specific information on an imminent threat, and those threats included attacks on u.s. embassies. period, full stop. i don't know exactly which minute, don't know exact which day it would have been executed. but it was very clear qassem soleimani was planning attacks on american interests, and the threat was imminent. >> nawaz: pompeo said he relayeh same information in briefings to congress this week, but several democratic lawmakers disputed that claim. also today, the u.s. announced more sanctions against iran-- this time, on the mauntry's facturing, mining and textile sectors, p os eight seniicials. the trump administration hasq' rejected icall for the withdrawal of 5,200 u.s. troops riployed there. today, caretaker minister

adil abdul-mahdi asked washington to send a delegation to baghd details. out departure the state department dismissed the request, saying u.s. troops are a "force for good" in iraq. we'll focus on this in detail, after the news summary. in syria, air strikes n t a pro-iranlitia today, killing at least eight fightersc vists said unidentified warplanes struck in the al bukamal area, near the aqi border, hitting weapons depots and vehicles. the militia claimed thplanes were from israel. the israelis did not comment, but they have repeatedly hit targets linked to iran in syria in recent years. nearly a quarter of a million people in southeastern australia were urged to leave their homes today, as extreme wildfire conditions returned. people in new south wales and victoria states faced triple- digit temperatures and winds up to 60 miles an hour. in victoria, planes dropped fire retardant chemicals and water. leaders called for patience in the long days ahead. >> with so much fire in thend ape, we're just going to

continue to see fires getting a run on, fires flaring up for weeks to come. even with rain in melbourne, en with forecast better conditions next week, there is w lo to go, and what has been an unprecedented fire event certainly so early on in the fire season.st >> nawaz: at l7 people have died in the fires. back in this country, much of the south on high alertpo tonight foible tornadoes, flooding rains and hail the size of baseballs. multiple tornado warnings were issued in oklahoma during the day. parts of tas, louisiana and arkansas are also at risk, involving more than 18 million pele. texas will become the first state to reject new refugees. governor greg abbott said his state has already done "more than its share." last september, the trump administration mandated agencies get written consent from cities

and states before resettling refugees. 42 states have agreed to accept new refugees. boeing is facing new disclosures that employees hid problems with the 737-max, and expressed doubts about its safety. a batch of internal emails and texts was released on thursday. in one, an employee said, "i ngill haven't been forgiven by god for the covep i did." another employee wrote, "this airplane is design by clowns, who in turn are supervised by monkeys." the 737-max was grounded in march after two crashes killed 346 people today, a major supplier toir boeing, aerosystems, announced it will lay off 2,800 workers in wichita, kansas. and on wall street, stocks retreated after december jobsmb s came in slightly lower than expected. loe dow jones industrial average lost 133 points to at 28,823. the nasdaq was down 24 points, and the s&p 500 slipped nine. and, the democratic presidential

field has contracted again. self-help author and spiritual adviser marine williamson ended her n today.ld she said she cot get the votes to compete in caucuses and primaries that begin next nth. her departure leaves 13 democrats still runnin still to come on theewshour: the future of the u.s. presence in iraq is in doubt, after the latest regional violence. the woman who exposed china's persecution of her fellow uighur muslims sits down for her first tv interview. multiple deaths and escapes-- we examine the alarming state of prisons in mississippi. and much more. >> nawaz: the fallout from the trump administtion's killing of iranian general qassem

soleimani continues to unfold. could make it more difficult for american forces to stay in iraq. nick schifrin has the story. >> schifrin: last sunday, the iraqi parliament passed a non-binding resolution calling for the eviction of the approximately 5,000 orces in iraq. today, iraq's caretaker prime minister, ad abdul-mahdi, spoke to secretary of state mike pompeo, and then issued a statement saying apoul-mahdi askeeo to "send delegates to iraq to lay down the mechanisms for implementing the house's decisiono safely withdraw troops from iraq." the state department rejected that request, saying in a ntatement, any delegation to iraq would not discuss troop withdrawal. and, pompeo said this at theit house of his abdul-mahdi's statement. >> he didn't quite characterize the conversation correctly. but to the larger, more important point, we are happy to continue the conversatiowith the iraqis about what the right structure is. our mission set there is very clear-- we've been there to

perform a training mission to help the iraqi security forces be successful, and to ntinue the campaign against isis, the counter-daesh campaign.go we'rg to continue that mission. >> schifrin: for more on all of this, m joined by retired brigadier general mark kimmitt. he served as assistant secretary of state for political-military affairs during the george w. bush administration. and, thabit abdullah, a ofessor of middle east history at york university in toronto, canada. thank you very much, welcome both of you to the " swshour". let rt with you, thabit and larks the iraqi prime minister says he wants u.s. forces out. thejority of parliament says that they want u.s. forces out. does t it mean theraqi government and the iraqi people want u.s. portions out of iraq? >> in the long run, for sure, the freedom movement in iraq, the one that has been ongoing since october 1, for the past

100 days, has raised the issue of sovereignty as being one of the most important that it fights for. no iraqi wantsomplete isolation from either its neighbors or internationally, but there is widespread indignat strike and american practices in general and throughout the long history, really, of modern iraq has been one in which seems tino cate that the united states does not respect the sovereignty of the country.he so's quite a bit of ardignation about it. >> reporter: so, mk kimmitt, there is cerinly indignation in iraq, but at the same time president trump told us tode ay aqi leaders were saying one thing in public, one thing in private, tat there we no sunni votes in that private vote and the u.s. fighting

i.s.i.s., training iraqi military and helping maintai stafnlt is that what you're hearing? >> i've heard people for years, such as the head of the p.m.f. -- >> reporter: senior iraqi officials. >> the most senior iraqi officials say they don't want american ground troops on the ground but they certainly want american assistance, technical, logistics, advising. they just don't want to see americgr boots on thund actually conductincombat operations. >> reporter: twhbit abdullah, about that? is there a difference between the technical assistance iraq continues to need and the indignation of particular operations the u.s launched? >> for sure. nobody questions the incredible expertise that american officials can provide, but expertise is nonlthething that's required for a mission to be successful. you need trust. and this has been deeply shten

by therike that took place recently. itook place -- the united states supposedly is targeting an iranian official. why does it have to do that on iraqi land? in addition to that there's a very lg memory of american involvement in iraq, which doesn't paint it in a very positive light. in 1963, there was a c.i.a.-backed coup that brought about 40 years of authotarian rule that culminated with saddam hussein's dictatorship. during the iran-iraq war, e united states actually gave assistance to both sides to prolong the conflict, and during the sanctions, no iraqi aner forget madeleine albright's infamous statement that we think it's worth it for so many hundreds of thousands of iraqis to d oe as a resuthe sanctions. all of this was capped off, of cose, by the 2003 occupation,

which dismantled iraqi governing institutions and institud sort of fiefdom -- sectarian fiefdoms and deepened sectarianism. so i'm not -- certainly, i don't believe that the peple of irq don't want the americans to be there, but there nee tbe trust, and this is the wrong way to do it.>> reporter: mark kimmitt, has the u.s. operations lost iraqi trust? and there is, of course, quite a lot of hist tory taqis probably remember better than the americans do. >> well, i'd say thr e ans that, then, is let's leave. we left in 2011, when the iraqi government asked us to leave at that point. we only came back in 2014 at the invitation of the iraqi government. ee have been there for fiv years, now. we've helped them to feed daesho dedidn't do it or with the iraqi security forces, we did it with the population mobilization force. but if the situation is so bad the americans are seen in such a

negative light, the answer is we should leave. sons and daughter, fathers and mothers, brothers and sisters want to sese thooldiers home, and if they're not wanted there and they're not needed because the iraqi security forces believe they can hand it and if we're infringing on their sovereignty, then thbest way to solve this problem is do as we did in 2011 and leave. >> reporter: but does the u.s. military think it's vital to stay in iraq? >> that's not the opinion of the united states military, i's the decision of the politicians. i wouldn't want to reflect on how good or bad t iraqi security forces are. i've seen them for 15 years, i spend half my time working in baghdad, but only the america can bring the air support, intelligence, logistics, training, nobo else can to that, but if the cost of that is an affront to the iraqi people and it is an affront to theirre sonty, then my recommendation is that we should leave. >> abouthabit abdullah, the genl

mentioned the cost. some of the costs of theer ions you've written was of a forecast focus a few weeks ago of protesters protesting against iran now protesting against bot iran and the united states. relatively quickly, if you could, what is the impact on tht ground amo civil society in some of those protesters who were focused on iraof these u.s. operations? >> well, thank you for asking that because that'ally the most impornt issue. the iraq, currently, is witnessing one of the mostv remarkable ments for freedom in its entire history. it's been ongoing for the past 100 days. it's engulfed a very large portion of the country. it's really given hope t many youth. the chief demands are ones that any freedom-loving person can identify with, they're calling for a complete separation of religion from the state, of

deepening demc ocforms, of an end to corruption, and they have been able to achieve qite a bit in the resignation of the current corrupt government and the reform of electoral lawdos. n't understand -- this was an opportunity, really, for the united states to present itself in a more positive light and, yet, itthrew this really very ill advised stre this juncture. i was quite worried hat this was going to completely derail the movement and yet, today, there seems to have been new fe given to the protest movement, and they're quiteo determined continue their demands, but you are right, at the beginning and for the past three months, the focus ha been on iran.

today, the cef banner in tahrir square is america and iran are two sides h tsame coin. >> reporter: let me turn to you mark kimmitt in the last f seconds to respond that. >> my response would be it was not the killing of soleimani that caused the american embassy to be attacked. the attack was done as iran was trying to distract and divert m e pressure away frothem because they had been getting so much pressure from the protesters. but those weren't these protesters that were in front of the american embassy, these were iranian-backed militias and their leaders, one being one also killed with soleimani, soki the need to keep this in perspective and understand at the end of the day wee ned to be careful, the iraqis need to be owreful because as president trump as he's done with syria, he could leave iraq with a teet. reporter: general mark kimmitt, thabit abdullah from new york university, thank you very much to you both.

>> nawaz: in china's vast northwest xinjiang province, the u.s. says more than a millionms uighur musre being held in detention camps. the inese government says th goal of this detention is what they call e "re-education" of extremists. tonight, iher first television interview, a uigr dissident describes this chinese repression as a rerun of the holocaust. asiye ablahat admits leaking chinese government documents, published in international media, which reveal details of the campaign against the uighurs, and she recently met with special correspondent malcolm brabant. >> reporter: asiye abdahat is at the top of china's most- wanted list. although she has decided that publicity and hiding in plain sight are her best protection, we met at a secret location in the netherlands, to maximize her security.an >> ( ated ): one day, i

received death threats via facebook messenger. in the message, this person said, "if you don't stop what you are doing right now, people will find your dismembered body inside the black trash can in front of your house. we will kill you and chop you into pieces and throw you in the trash." >> reporter: these top-secret documents are the reason asiye that is in peril.me the dos reveal how uighur inmates of the camps are locked up, brainwashed and punished. th contain instructions to step up discipline, and ensure there are no escapes. the papers were leaked to a consor journalists and published in numerous media outlets, including e "new york times" in november. for human rights campaigners, the so-called china cables were confirmation that the camps were effectively prisons conducting psychological torture. asiye has lost ctact with her soce. she fears the worst, because the sentence for leaking suchnt docuis death. how concerned are you for your

safety? >> ( transled ): when i decided to reveal myself, i forced myself to forget the word "worry." and that's because the person who sent me these documents has sacrificed his life. the act of passing these documents cost him his life. so for me, talking about "worries" is not really applicable. >> reporter: asiye used to be a government employee in urumqi, the regional capital of xinjiang, the uighurs' home provin 1,700 miles north-west of beijing. she lefthina for the netherlands in 2009, after violent clashes between uighurs and the han chinese majority. asiye was granted asylum in the netherlands, where she is now studying the dutch language. her revelations have generated some of the most intense international condemnation of china in recent years. do you think you are being brave or are you being foolish?

>> ( translated ): i don't thin at i'm bravehave done something wrong. i am sure that i have done the right thing. i don't think i'm different om anyone els i'm simply a human being, the same athey are. although, in this situation, the uighur community irrexperiencing le things. millions of uighurs are detained in concentration camps. in these circumstances, the responsibility of being a whistleblower landed omy shoulders. i had to do it. it was my responsibili. it was essential because of the situation facing the uighurs. so, it has nothing to do with my bravery or courage. >> reporter: the internment camps were established in 2017, as part of president xi jingping's so-called war against terror. critics believe a campaign of ethnic cleansing is underway, with the uighur being replaced by majority han chinese. beijing insists that camps like this in xinjiang are nothing

more than re-education centers. but the house of representatives is in no doubt about their true purpose. congressman chris smith. >> the mass internment ofmi ions of people on a scale that has not been seen since the holocaust. children ripped from the warm embrace of their families, to be indoctrinated in communist ideologynd forced to renounce their religious culture and language. rape, sexual abuse and forcedor on. >> reporter: in early dember, the house overwhelmingly passed a bill requiring president trump to toughen action against china until it reverses the uighur crackdown. the bill, iggered by asiye's revelations, also demands sanctions agait senior chinese officials. it has yet to be passed by the senate. secretary state mike pompeo believes the documents revealed by asiye could be a turning poin >> ( translated ): these reports are consistent with an overwhelming and growing body of

evidence that the chinese communist party is committing human rights violations and abuses against individuals in mass detention. we call on the chinese government to immediely release all those who are arbitrarily detained, and to end its draconian policies that have terrorized its own citizens in xinjiang. >> reporter: but the chinese are standing firm. shohrat zaki is the governor of xinjiang province. >> ( translated ): when it comes to issues about xinjiang, the people of xinjiang have the most say. bilizetempt to des xinjiang will be doomed. any accusation and slander from the u.s. won't be le to hide the truth of the development of human rights in xinjiang, cannot st progress in the unification of people of all ethnic groups, and won't stop p xinjiangsperity and development. >> reporr: do you think the rld would ignore you uighur people, just because you are muslims? >> ( translated ): the uighur

genocide is a repeat of the jewish holocaust from world war ii. and they promised it would never haen again. the world has begun to slowly realize that chinese oppression of the uighurs has nothing to do with other identities. it's a crime against humanity. so-called document you are >> i'm telling you, the talking about is a pure fabrication. >> reporter: in london, china's ambassador liu xiaoming issued blunt denials, insisting the uighur's religion, islam, is fully respected, despite evidence that dozens of mosques, such as this one, have been destroyed. >> ( translated ): their ethnic traditions are fully respected. the purpose to set up this training center is because there are some young people who have not yet-- they committed minor crimes, not serious enough to be trialed, sent to prison. so the government gave them opportunity to learn language,

mandarin, to be a good citizen and effective worker. ♪ if you're happy and you know it, say "yes sir." ♪ >> there's no so-calbor camps. there's wh and education training centers. they are there for prevention of teorism. >> reporter: to ram home the point, in mid-december, chinese state tevision showed paramilitary police conducting anti-terrorism exercises in xinjiang. the drill apparently lasted for seven days at highs ltitude, and pposed to improve the troops' abity to defeat insurgents in difficult terrain. the chinese accuse the uighur of being terrorists. what's your response to that? >> ( translated ): uighurs are not terrorists. the uighur are victims of the chinese communist party's vested interests. now, china labeled the people of

hong kong as terrorists. but the people of hong kong are fighting for their basic rights and freedom. they atesting on the streets. the uighur are no different. they are also fighting for theia basic righ freedom and against injustice. >> reporter: but while the united states is lamba beijing over the uighurs and hong kong, it's concluding a trade partnership with beijing.>> e also took the toughest-ct evern against china, and as a result, we just achieved a breakthrough on the trade deal, d we'll be signing it very shortly. >> reporter: are you happy with president trump's policies? >> ( wanslated ): i don't k whether president trump will be able to change china's strategyn or positiveluence chinese systemic reform, or whether he will make china change its policies regarding the uighur. but china is sprding communist ideology, and wants to be the

leader of the world. this is not only a threat for the uighurs or the u.s it is a threat to the whole world. >> reporter: although anothe chinese minority, the tibetans, have long expressed similar desires for freedom, and their vision of independence has beens d-- asiye permits herself a dream. >> ( translated ): i hope china will reform its political system. i hope that concentration camps will be closed. i hope the day will come when uighurs become free d can make decisions about their own futures. >> reporter: asiye's immediate future involves constantly looking over her shoulder. but she has faith in the dutchth ities, and is gambling that the chinese will not harm t her, becaut would shine another light on the cause of her people. for the pbs newshour,ma i'm olm brabant in theth lands.

>> nawaz: stay with us. idming up on the newshour: mark shields and drooks analyze a dramatic week of news with the latest on iran,an impeachment more. and, we take a look at how a lottery in france is selecting historic sites for much-needed restoration. within just one week in prisons acesss mississippi, five inm have died at the hands of other prisoners. the killings have highlighted a system with serious problems, beyond just this brutal violence. william brangham has more. >> brangham: that'right, amna. those deaths were just the tip of the iceberg. from staffinproblems to crumbling facilities, mississippi's correctional system is in a dire situation that puts prisoners and guards at risk. jerry mitchell is the founder of mississippi's center for investigative reporting and he's been investigating conditions in ssissippi prisons with a grant from pro publica.

he joins me now. jerry, thank you very much for doing this. i wonder, in your series, you talk about several different prisons and problems in them, but you rlly focus on one particular prison in parchment,. mississi can you tell us a little bit about what you found there? >> we found just a host of problems. you have evething from justnk like t drg water has had nearly 100 major violations of the safe drinking water act. the photographs of birds eating ofthe food trays of inmates. some of the drains, garbage disposals backed up in the kitchen and a kitchen door a big crack in it so flies and mosquitoes a roaches can get in. you can't imagine some of these conditions. it looks like a third-world prison, to be honest with you, some of the details of i you've had these deaths. since july, there have been

seven hmicides inside parchment prison, so, an thenive suicides, too. so it's had a host ofem pro >> i mean, you have been reporting on mississippi prisons for a very, very long time. can you help us understand why, in the 21secentury, we still seeing conditions like this? >> they haven't funded it, to be uonest. i mean, they have the mississippi department of corrections, essentially, about 185 million over past five years, and, so, if they had just stayed level, they would have had 185 million more. so itust a loof awful conditions. no staffing. the vacancy rate is 50%. just all sorts of horrible things going on. >> reporter: mississippi governor phil bryant when asked about some of the violence blamed it largely on gang tactivity voyage on inside prisons. how true is that? >> you could say, in terms of the most recenttsvit was,

in fact, a gang war going on, but inmates and their families have been expressing their frustrations to me for years about the conditions getting worse. d a whole package of stories in 2014 open these prisons, and i just kept hearing back from these famies and inmates, it's getting worse, it's not getting better, it's getrting wse. you would think -- they had this corruption scandalhead of the corrections department, went off to prison, you would thinkns the priwould get better, but instead what happened is the mississippi legislature decided to basically quit funding them. >> reporter: i understand there was federal oversite -- from your reporting, dal oversitoversight ofe th prison m for a long time and then apparently mississippi got its actogether, the feds backed off and i guess that's when the problems got wor >> yes, in 2011, basically, ost 40 years for alm was under federal court oversight monitoring, so they

would have these ular health reports, you know, other reports on various parts the prison, but thee conditions of th prison, if things weren't fixed, obviously the federal judgest coul in and say, hey, wait a minute, you need to fix this. in 2012, there were no cells o without ligh power. today, there are more than 3 cells without lights or power. so you have inmates that are literally in the dark, and you have day rooms where it's in the dark, and, so, if you're a guard, thnat's a gerous situation. if you're an inmate, it's aou dangsituation. so not to mention the conditions can obviously affect beh well. as and, so, i think, from what i'm heeying from the inmates, are very frustrated. so i think, to some extent, this was a boiling over of frustrations as well. >> reporter: a few monthsgo, i talked with oklahoma's governor aboua recent release

he hadone about several hundred nonviolent, low-lev prisoners to sort of reduce overcrowding there. has that kind of thing been suggested in mississippi? >> yes, it has. there is a suggestion of taking low-level drug possession, federal drug possession and rning it into a misdemeanor. the result is it would affect about 2,0 prisoners that would go free and, obviously, that would help to ease the situation there in terms of crowding. >> reporter: all right, jerry mitchell from the mississippi center for investigative reporting, thank you very much.. >> thank y >>awaz: back on capitol hi this week, the house of representatives voted to ct'ck

the presidwar powers against iran, and speaker nancy pelosi told her democratic t caucprepare for the next chapter on impeachment next week. here to help make sense of itl all-- as w eye-popping polling numbers from the democratic prima field-- are shields and brooks. that's syndited columnist mark shields, and "new yorkol times"nist david brooks. happy friday. welcome to you both. let's start overseas, shall we? david, it was a week ago that the u.s. assassinated the iranian general qasem soleimani in iraq. three days in iran, retaliated,n president trump says he wants peace. they rolled out new san against iran today. is this deescalation? >> yes. we didn't know where we wer going and it certainly looks a lot calmer than a week ago and it looks more like a normal middle east terror episode inou which caseave a terror army whether hezbollah or irani state sponsored terrorism, they're ramping ups, activit and the u.s. says, stop. let's -- we're goingo be in

conflict but let's not get carried away her pushing the boundaries here. so we do an action and when you do this kind of action like killing soleimani, it's using violence as a form of communicion, saying you've pushed the boundaries, time to stop. and then the other side, the terror side has a chance to say, no, we're going to keep going, or they have a chance to say meage received, we won't push the boundaries, it's not in our interest either. hathat seems to ha been has happened. we've seen that through the israeli hamas or fights, weve seen it through other terror fights and it looks like a much more conventional sort of communication. >> we've had 176 civilians killed as a result of thesi escalating tes. that didn't happen in a vacuum necessarily, and now iraq andd iran are k on the same page wanting u.s. troops out, out of iraq fro m theaqi parliament and out of the region nrom iran, which has always bee the stated goal.

i guess the questn is, we may not know this, but are we safer? that's what the administration is aguing. >> my argument would be that we're not. i go to the wods of an exceptionally well-read marine general who laer bame secretary of defense who said history teches us that nations with allies thrive, nations without allies wiher. every year, pugh reearch, -- pee polls orld, 32 different countries, on trust and confidence, and the fact is the uniteddo states, undenald trump, has plummeted in the world. among five world leaders, including xi jinping and vladimir putin and mrs. merkel and mr. macron, the fact is that donald trump is at the bottom. he has 25% of the world hasnf ence in him, 64% don't.

mhis is a total reverse fr barack obama, when 64% of the world had confidence in his judgment. we are isolated as a people. i mean, secretary pompeo complained that the brits and the germans didn't go along. a, there's no support in their country for it, b, they were never consulted. so, no, i dn't argue wh david's assessment of the individual discrete events, but i think the overall pattern isyi we're a terrible price for isolation, and alliances have been the saving ength of the united states and the western world since world war ii, an. >> there's a concern there could an increase in proxy militia you mentioned, david. i want to play a sound byte from present trump in a rally in ohio last night. he was responding to the house's move to try to restrict some of the presidential war powers presidents have had for several

years post-9/11. take a look at what president trump had the say las night. >> they're all trying to say how dare you take him out that way! u should get permission from congress! you should come in and tell us what you want to do!ud nce booing) you should come and tell us so we can call up the fake news back there and leak it!aw >>: to some degree, the house said we want you to come to us before you te more action against iran, but mike lee from utah outraged after a briefing from military intelligence leaders that he felt was completely insufficient. do you think this is the time congress starts to claw back the power? >> no, they have had a lot of chances and the executive has taken this power. i think the laws we have are obsolete. they werfor a time when not a terror war, when it was, like, world war ii or vietnam when there was a moment of peace and then a moment of war, and thn

some transitiory moment where congress could act between the two states. but in an ongoing terror war, it's conant engagement, and, so, for the president in a ponttion of cons conflict with iran where they're ramping up pressure, we're trying to ght them, a discreet episode seems to me outside the bounds of co sngress. havid that, the president, executive branch, should not be running a terror war whout the constant communication with congress and with the intelligen communities and the intelligence committees. so i don't think congress should be approving evetlry li individual operation. it's certainly up to the executive branch to be i constant communication so there are no surprises and that doesn't em to happen. >> nawaz: what do you make to save the way the administration has been rending to calls for oversight, calling for justification for the strike on soleimani in the first place. >> i don't think there's a question the president has asserted the autonomy of his

office, he sees no congressional restraints and despite of the fact that the housedid a the war policy is not going to goyw re in the senate. but there are pockets of resistance, i mean, whether senator lee or congressman gaetz in the house, wheer it takes on a larger dimension remains to beeen. but donald trump and his administration make a srious mistake by not consulting. if they're not with you on the takeoff, te ey won'tth you on the crash landing and have no ar as on what happens as his policy is concerned. of course, they care about the nation, but as far as his policy and whatever political damage is done to him, if they no way are consulted or ask their opinion or judgment or are jut tod to shutup and -- >> and despite this epso to soleimani, i do think there's a bipartisan move or almost a

populous consensus. trump used military force sinc s than jimmy carter. it's like the middle east is a mess, we're not good at dealing with the region, let's stay away. whether mike lee or people one the left, mie is a republican, there's a consensus we should not be involved in that region or as little as possible. >> i want to get your takes on impeachment. there wasews today, nancy pelosi saying we can expecthe articles of impeachment to be transferred to the senate sometime next week, we don't have an exact day. what now? what do we expect?n >> we xpect it some time next week. go through the rouwytine. the and the chief justice. each of the sentlators, lit piece of nickel knowledge, must take a separate oath, and it'sto sweae -- not to be a legislator, to be an impartiality juror before god and man, and that will be an

intesting oathor members of the senate to take, administered by the chief justice of the preme court. >> nawaz: why do you think it's interesting? >> because it's hardo say - you swear to be impartial, and i don't know how many could pass that lie detector test at this point. >> they will not be take truth serum. they're not gointo be impartial. >> nawaz: what do you expect from the senate trial? >> i expect it to be quick. mitch mcnnell wants it to be quicand secretly democrats want to get it over with, so i expect clean or quick. nawaz: witnesses or no. i expect not. think the pressure for witnesses s built. jeff garran, the pollster makes a point and six polls in different states, 70% of people want witnesses called, and i don't think it's a popular position to being opposed to bringing in witnesses with firsthand experience and exposure who can testify to what went on. >>awaz: let's tak a little bit about the 2020 democratic field.

we have new numbers out toake a look at as well. the field narrowed slghtly with marianne williamson suspending her campaign. just six candidates going to be on the debate stage. iowa and new hampshire, numbers from iowa out just this evning. it's a lot to take in. we'll leave it up for a moment so folks at home can catch up and see whas going on here. basically you have senator sanders in iowa leadi state for the very first time, just three weeks to go beforeth e caucuses and otherwise a little movement up and down before the four candidates, buttigieg, biden, sanders and warren. david, when you look these numbers, just for these two states, what are you seeing happening in the field? >> you're seeing bere's strength. he's had this strength for four years now. it's very solid. it seems to be a little bigger than four years ago. the question is he's really good getng 20%. the question is where he can get up to 30% or 40and tht's

where he's had a ceiling. but, still, we've not talkedo about it eh, he's run a strong, consistent campaign, he's always showing ad has strong supporters. i repbueateigieg supporters, i would be worried. the decline is striking to me. we have the momentum shift in the last four weeks, i think we're 24 days away, seems like he's on the downslope of the shift. >> nawaz: other norms from nevada and south carolina, there's anher thing worth pulling out here and that is tom steyer who qualified for the next debate stage is pulling in the double digits in both of those states. what's your take on that? >> he's a non-adversarial situation. there's no campaigns going on in south carolina, nevada, the aampaigns are going on in iow and new hampshire. in iowa, he, i think, is at%. that's where we have to show up where voters tick the cires, look at you and so forth. bernie sanders' numbers in iowa

are impressive. most of all, 5%, 3 out of 5% of his voters hae their minds made , which tells you something, and he's getting 49% of them very enthusiastic about bernie, 56-29 favorable. those are very goodumrs and somebody will catch him at this point because doesn't lok like he'll slip below that number. the question is are any of them poised to make a surge and now alooks like warren, bidd buttigieg are stuck where they are. so if one of them isgoing to ctch bernie, they better start moving in the next three weeks. you don't see a lot of movement otherwise now? >> no, i think bernie, if i were bernie, i would feel good. among younger voters, i mean, i here he is guess the second-oldest candidate in thes race, but hegot better than a third of the voters under the age of 35.

>> mark shields and davi brooks, thank you very much for being here. good to talk to you as always. ofnawaz: the pala versailles, the chartres cathedral, the eiffel tower. t france is hoa number of famous monuments and structures. but, it also has a big andgr ing problem protecting and preserving its lesser-known sites.ow jeffrey brn reports from france on an experraent in ising new funds for that purpose. " it's part nvas," our ongoing series on arts and culture. m brown: an osion in the suburbs of paris-- home to a once world-famous 19th century french aist named rosa bonheur, best-known for her paintings of animals. and,ays katherine brault, wh bought the chateau two years ago, it remains largely as bonheur left it.

>> ( translated ): all the objects here are rosa bonheur's belongings. they've never left the castle. it's not like in a museum, where objectare placed to ow it was before. here, things are real. that's what is unique. >> brown: rosa bonheur was a pioneer, the first woman to receive the grand cross from the french legion of honor. a proto-feminist who chose how she would live and what she would do. and in her time, she was hugely successful. her works are in the collection of places like the metropolitan museum of art in new york. he ( translated ): thiis costume buffalo bill gives to rosa bonheur. o he was a big frosa bonheur. >> brown: but now, her home is falling apart, and brault wants to preserve it and the legacy of the artist. >> ( translated ): yes, we have to act very quickly.pr thlem is significant, but if we wait a year or two, it's over, we won't be able to restore anymore. >> brown: it'sust one small

ample of a phenomenon across france-- small historical sites suffering decades, e centuries of neglect. and with so many projects restore them, the country hasand turned to a different model for raising money: a so-cal"heritage lottery," in whichvery-day citizens purchase tickets, at two price points running around $3 or $16, to try to win big. most of the money goes to the t-- winners can take home more i than 1.5 millidollars. but a portion also goes to a different pot, aimed atat restoring thed heritage sites across the country. >> why do you visit france? it's not because we are very sarming. it is not because ak very good english. look at me. and it's because we have a lot of treasures to visit. ne brown: the program is the brainchild of stepern, a popular television and radio

personality who modeled it on a similar program in great britain. bern wants us to see beyond france's most famous, well-cared for sites, to the thousands of smaller ones that receive little or no government funding. >> hav the state of the patrimony in france? >> brown: well most of us know the great trimony, right.th >> of coursemain patrimony is in a perfect state. i mean, chatu versailles... brown: the famous places. >> it's like the tree that hides the foredo you know, yot see the little patrimony that, vf you go to alage, in each village you can find a cnerch that would 1.5 million euros to be restored. so nobody paysor that because it's little villages with 200 inhabitants, and they n't have the means to do it. >> brown: katherine brault

bought the bonheur chateau from the faly that had held it for decades. she opened a small restaurant and a gift shop, and rents the space out for weddings and other events. there's en places for guests to stay the night. but she struggled to convince banks to finance the restoration and needed repairs, until last year's heritage lottery awarded her 500,000 euros-- about $550,0-- topped off with a visit by french president macron himself to celebrate national "heritage days." >> ( translated ): for me, it is saving the it's not enough, but it has of course brought us press coveragh h is very important for us,'s and bit of a dream. >> ( translated ): we're in theg gunpowder store unit. when the gunpowder was finished being made in this big building, to be sent to the frontline or to other gunpowder warehouses for the war. >> brown: a very different kind of site that's also benefited

meom the lottery is this f gunpowder facty, which sits in a large park in the paris suburbs. ilt during the reign of napoleon iii, it was the first ever to use a steam engine. hiorian antoine furio. >> ( translated ): this buildin we right now is pretty derelict, it's very rundown, but the remains are important for national history, for the history of gunpowder-making and also for the hisry of weapons. >> brown: in 2018, this site won 200,000 euros, about $220,000, money usedo shore up three structures here. it's a sign, says furio, that sites like these are starting to get the attention they deserve. as a historian, is it hard for you to see sites like this that are abandoned or falling down? >> ( translated ): yes, of course it touches me, it's particularly upsetting because this kind of heritage that we're trying to highlight is still not very well known and even it's difficult to understand. but we know that there are solutions after all, and that nge heritage lottery is a solution for restohis

unique heritage. >> brown: as it turns out, france has a long hiwith lotteries, dating back centuries, a way for kings to ise money without raisin taxes. today, stephane berne says the c old regi work in new ways. >> i say, okay, the king built monuments with lottery money. but now the lottery estore the monuments that we have built wi the lottery. >> brown: it's just a start, but the hope is that these lotto winngs-- plus the attention they generate-- will h restore not only the sites, but the imrtant history they represent. for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown outside paris. >> nawaz: on the newshour online right now, we take a close look at the artful posters just released for the 2020 tokyo

summer olympics. that's on our website, www.pbs.org/newshour. and we'll be back, right here, on monday. that's the newshour night. i'm amna nawaz. have a great weekend. thank you, and we'll see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> fidelity investments. >> bnsf railway. >> consumer cellular. >> american cruise lines. >> the ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. >> supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the world's most pressing problems-- skollfoundation.org. >> the willi and flora hewlett foundation. for more than 50 years,

advancing ideaand supporting institutions to promote a better world. at www.hewlett.org. >> and with the ongoing suort of these institutions and friends of the newshour. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ni capt sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org

hello, everyone, and welcome to "amanpour." here's what's coming up. >> every time someone writes e that congress needs to tck their authority on war, that what we're here to do. in reining in trumon war. two republicans johe democrats' move to limit the president'power. will more get on board? we talk to senator tim kaine. and a stunning royal retreat. harry and meghan step back from their roles as nior royals. but what does this mean? there's no reason to treat iranian americans any different than any othermerican. >> blind since the age of 8,