captioning sponsored by newsur productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the "newshour" tonight:er >>crimes alleged in the articles, in common law of presidential impeachment? in nixon, yes. in clinton, yes. here, no. >> woodruff: the defense against impeachment. president trump's lawyers take the senate floor, as new details emerge over what the former national security advisor knew about the alleged quid pro quo. then, outbreak-- on the ground fear the coronavirus isofficials spreading more easily than expected. plus amy walteand tamara keith are here to analyze the latest from the impeachment trial and the final week of campaigning before the iowa caucuses.

and the liberation of auschwitz, 75 years later. the horror of the 20th century, and the lessons it leaves for the 21st. >> every time i think about it, oi think of the children aren't here and i remember where they were taken. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's "pbs newshour." >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provy: so change in plen, all right, s see what we can adjust. >> closer to its twins. >> change in plans. m, okay. re you change patienting

again? you could sell these. >> let me guess, change am dans? >> at fielity a change in plans is always part of a plan. >> >> bnsf railway. a merican cruise lines. >> consumer cellular. w >> theliam and flora hewlett foundation. advancing ideas anorting institutions to promote a better world. at www.hewlett.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and individuals. >> this program was made

possible by the corporation fo public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. day where president trump present his argument in the nate impeachment trial, his lawyers are fighting the charges against him while supporters try to fend ofmaging new disclosures. we have a report on the dramatic turn of events that began over the weekend and continue today. >> president >> reporter: president trump's defense began on saturday, day five of his impeachment trial. >> thankou for your nd thanyou for your attention. >> reporter: with a brief, two- hour presentation in which his wyers outlined their strategy, attacking house democrats working to impeach trump and disputing a ntral premise of the impeachment effort-- that the president abused his power by withholding u.s. military aid to ukraine, while pressing the ukrainian president to announce an investigation into a possible

political rival, joe biden, and his son hunter. the president, they argue, did nothing wrong. >> the transcript shows thdi the presidennot condition oeither security assistana meeting on anything.ed the paecurity assistance funds aren't even mentioned on the call. >> reporter: but before the president's lawyers could detail their defense... >> new revelations from former national security advisor join bolton's upcbook. >> reporter: breaking news late sunday night appeared to undermine their arguments. "the new york times" reporting that leaked excerpts from the upcoming memoir of former national security advisor john bolton included bolton's recollection that trump told him in august, "that he wanted to continue freezing $391 milon in security assistance to ukraine until officials there helped with the investigations into democrats, including the bidens." the newshour has not independently reviewed the manuscript. mr. trump, whose administration

was given a copy of bolton's book for security review in december, was asked abt the reports this morning >> well, i have not seen a manuscript, but i can tell you nothing was ever said to john bolton. but i have not seen asc mapt. i guess hes writing a book. i have not seen it b >> reporte the reported revelations from bolton-- who left the administration in september-- further fueled democrats' calls for him to t testify impeachment trial. would testify publicly, if thete seubpoenas him, and said today that offer still stands. >> we have a witness with president's actionwhich he is on trial. he is ready and willing to testify. how can senate rep tlicans not ntcall that witness and request his docu >> reporter: at least four to vote with democo would need subpoena boltoand other witnesses. today, two indicated they might. susan collins of maine said reports on bolton's book"

strengthen the case for witnesses." mitt romney of utah agreed. >> i think at this stage it's pretty fair to say that john bolton has a relevant testimony to provide to those of us who are sitting in impartial justice. >> reporter: even one of president trump's staunchest allies-- senator lindsay graham-- left the door open, but urged patience: >> i don't know what's in the manuscript. there's need to add to the record and my view is we are going to completely add to the and i will let you know thursday. >> reporter: all thi >> hear ye, hear ye, hear ye... >> reporter: before today's impeachment proceedings even began. jay sekulow, one of the president's attorneys, quickly resumed his defens >> it is our position as the president was at aesthat the acting under his constitutional authority, under his legal authority, in our national hiinterest, and pursuant t oath of office. >> reporter: using simple, bold faced graphiump's team

pushed back on the first article er impeachment: abuse of p in their words, there was no quid pro quo. >> the house maner's record reflects that anyone who spokent with the presiaid that the president made clear that there was no linkage. the security assistaowed and the presidential meeting took place, all without any announcement of investigations. >> reporr: and the president, his team argued, has been denied due process-- part of what they describe as rushed, partisan process to undo the 2016 election, and influence the upcoming 2020 election. on the second article of impeachment, attorney patrick philbin argued that president has not obstructed congress. trump's rethey are bassed on executiveiff lige, when they are congrstitutionally nded principles essential for the separation of powers ann for protethe institution of the office of the presidency. , to call that obstruction, is

to turn tite conion on its head. >>ike war, >> like war, impeachments hell. ort least presidential impeachment, is hell. >> reporter: the proceedings included a familiar face in america's modern impeachments: ken starr-- who led the 1999 probe into president clinton anu ed for his impeachment. today argued that the process has devolved into a political tool. >> we are living in what i think can aptly be described as "the how did we get here with presidential impeachment invoked frequently in its inherently destabilizing as well as acrimonious way? >> reporter: and a familiar name fr the democrats' opening arguments-- rudy giuliani-- was also mentied by attorney jane raskin, who defended his role in the ukraine affair. >> it's a central and essentl premise of the house managers' case that mr. giulia's motive

in investigating ukrainian corruption and interference the 2016 election was an entirely political one undertaken at the president's direction. but what evidence have the managers actually offered you to that proposition? on close inspection it turns out virtually none. >> reporter: the one name not mentioned by a single one of president trump's impeachment attorneys was the one dominating for much of the day: johnoom bolton. for the pbs newshour, i'm amna nawaz. >> woodruff:nd lisa desjardins imhell hello to th of you, so yamiche, this news that we justeard amn reporting, the bolton man you script from the breleased over the weekend, how much of an effect does that seem to be having on this trial and how is it affecting the white hse

argument that there doesn't need to be any more witsses? >> john bolton's machine man you crypt, the news of the details in it uphending senate trial. even though no one was talking about it inside the chamber it was all people were talking about in the halls of the capitol today. and wh you saw was multiple white house officials pushing back on it. we can put up a graph sh some of the people pushing back on it, president trump said he never had a conversation where he directly tied aid to ukraine to investigation of the bidens. you also have vice president mike pence along with his staff mark short pushing back saying bolton never gave any indication he was concerned and mick mulvaney, he also is saying that none of this is true an he is pushing back on that. there is a source telling pbs newshour tonight that john bolton might come out with this book earlier than exted. they are also pushing back on the idea that john bolton is doing this because he wants to sell the book. he said he signed this ntract to have this book before this

the other big thihe whitened. house was set out to try to block witnesses bd try tolock any more testimony from happening. that was made a lotar there are a lot of allies and republicans saying they want to hear frohn bolton. >> yamiche, i guess the president's legal team is abo seve hours into their arguments now. they are still speaking at this hour bethforsenate. tell us what your sense of the heart of the argument at they are making. >> we have seen a number of lawyers for the president comeup nd really take this subject by subject. some of them are talking about history. some of them are talking about the process. but here are some of the main arguments they are makin there is one that, there is no testimony directly tieing president trump to th military aid to actually saying that he needed to have those investigations to give the aid to ukraine, also saying there was no quid pro quo and that e process is unfair and too political. we should add though that they left out the fact tht john

bolton testifies that he might directly tieing the president to this aid. the other thing to mention is that now there is a new argumene that pre's lawyers just made which is that president obama did something similar. that he was alsoeing his aid and his missile defense with russia to the 2012 election. so what we are seeing is a number of argumentses that the white house is making but those are the main ones. >> to lisa now, lisa, i know you have been trying to talk to senators. how are these arguments resonating with them? what are they telling you? >> i think in speaking to fua haof senators' offices we have been speaking to them more than senators themselves because senators have been in the trial for most of the day. there was actually sothing achieved by the president today. especially speaking to republicanffices, there was a sense that this argument that this is a trial that isoing beyond precedent, that is senators follow the house impeachment managers lead, tat they will be breaking with history, and doing so in a way

that mighthe questioned by te constitution. that is an argument that seems to be hitting some fertile ground with republicans of all stripes and was when you think about the audience strks an audience generally of institutionalists, they believe in congress and the senate, also many of these folks have a strong see of hitory. so arguing that history is something that is being broken by the house impeachment case is something that i think re was starting to resonate. on the other hand, judy, ine observing nate and also talking to some of these offices, it's pohsible thate president's team went too far in saying that speaker pel herself was breaking with the constitution, sort of kind of questioning whetheshe is evn in line with the constitution. that's something that literally was raising some eye watched the floor. all of the talk about biden and burisma, i saw a l of attention paid during those presentations. but ery few notes being tan. i don't kn if that is something that senators are count fully in terms of the john bolton witness

discussion. and i think that in a wll saw senators all paying very close attention today.v very little ment in the chamber relative to the past days, that is something the president's team was hoping toe. >> so lisa, what about this debate, this discussion over wingesses, what are you pic up and are there senators you can identify who miht be prepared to vote for witnesses that's right, and amna reported we heard from mitt romney today that he wouf like to hm john bolton and we know susan collins says sheha thinksthe case is being made even more strongly by the excerpts "the new york timeseso presented fthe book. that is two out of four needed to call any wiesne let's look at a list i have composed of other possible republicans, from talking t senators and republican staffers across the kill, alex and dra, brawn, gardner, kennedy, lee, mr and, murkowski, porltland, roberts and toomey. these stores have a few things

in common. some of them are mo rate, some not, many of them sloated-- voted closely trump-clinton divide and something mo have in common, they have been taking a lot of notes. senatopat toomey of pennsylvania is someone to watch. we know from reporting and source telling me he is trying to have considerations abant witnessetry and get a deal where republicans and democrats each get a wnitness they caive with. but i nt to make sure viewers understand something about the witness discussion, there will be multiple votes on witnesses likely. it looks like there is an opening vote. let's look at a f graphr how this could work. there will be an opening vote on whether to eutn talk abo witnesses in general. no specific witness. and there seems to be growing momentum for that to pass. for that to happen. of wit bees, but judy after that, there would have to be a vote about specific witnesses. do you call jon bolton, do you call hunter biden. and right now it is not clear

there are 451 votes for any specific witnesses, there may bt 51 votes f idea of witnesses in general. >> woodruff: so several, and we are not evehe end of the argument yet. >> lisa desjardins, yamiche alcindor, thank you both. and you can join our ongoing verage of the >> woodruff: and you can join our ongoing coverage of the senaterial for the remainder of the evening-- check your local listings for that-- and online on our website or youtube. and again tomorrow, tuesday, 1:00 the trial resumes a p.m. eastern. >> woodruff: in the day's other news: the death toll from the flu-like corona-virus in china jumped to at least 80 today, as some 2,700 cases hav five in the u.s.ide, including the state department warned citizens against visiting china. we'll look at the statof the outbreak in more detail, after the news summary.

the health crisis in china spread fear toinancial markets, and triggered a sell- off. on wall street the dow jones industrial average lost more than 450 points to close at 28,535. the nasdaq fell 175 points, and, the s&p 500 dropped 51. the trump administration will begin denying permanent residency to immigrants if they receive public benefits. the u.s supremcourt split 5/4 today to let the "green card" policy take efct, while lower courts consider lawsuits against it. more than half a million pple apply for green cards, annually. president trump is talking up his long-delayed middle east peace plan, ahead of its unveiling tomorrow. he discussed it today with israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu at the white house. and he suggested he will win over palestinians, who accuse him pro-israeli bias, and reject the plan. >> it's something they should

want, they probably won't wantni itally, but i think in the end they're going to want it. it's very good for them. in fact, it's overly good to them. we have the support of t prime minister, we have the support of the other parties, and we think we will ultimately have the support of the palestinians, but we're going to s t. >> woodruf president met separately with benny gantz, who is challenging netanyahu inup ming elections. 'll hear some of what gantzta and ahu said today-- plus analysis-- later in the program. an american military plane crashed in eastern afgnistan there was no word fate of the crew. it happened in ghazni province, largely controlled by taliban. u.s officials said there is no sign the plane w shot down. footage on social media showed charred remains of air force "bombardier e-11-a"-- an electronic surveillance plane. in iraq: anti-government protests resumed overnight, and at least three people died.

in najaf, mourners wept in a funeral procession for two protesters killed on sunday. meanwhile, security forces infi baghdad tear gas at demonstrators-- who said they are being brutalized. >>translated ): this revolution is peaceful. the security forces use various kinds of fire against us. they use live ammunition, rubber bullets and tear gas canisters. i got injured in my face. i cannot remove the mask from my face, because they cse and kill activists. i am not an activist, i am a protester.f: >> woodrmid the protests, mortar rounds struck the u.s.nd embassy compn baghdad overnight, causing one minor injury.es it was the lin a series of attacks. back in this country: the first of two women accusg harvey weinsteiof rape and sexual assault, testified in his new york trial. mimi haleyi said the movie producer got "offended" when she refused his advances at his apartment, in 2006. she said he forcibly performed

oral sex on her. weinstein denies the accusations. federal prosecutors in new york say britain's prince andrew has refused-- so far-- to cooperate in the jeffrey epstein probe. the millionaire financier was charged th sex trafficking, before he committed suicide. prince andrew has denied claims that epstein arranged for him to have sex with a teenaggirl. investigators in california began recovering bodies toda from the site of a helicopter crash that killed basketball legend kobe bryant. the helicopter smashed into a hillside in heavy fog. eight others-- including were also killed.old daughter-- in the program.is legacy, later and, teenage newcomer billie eilish is atop the music world after sweeping the top awards at the grammys. the 18-year-old won album of the year, record of the year, song of the year and best new artist

th her breakout first album, focusing on young people suffering depression. she is the youngest person ever to win a major grammy. still to come onhe "newshour," the death toll rises as chinese officials try to get a grasp on ronavirus. israeli leaders head to the white house ahead of the anuncement of president trump's plan for middle east peace. 75 years after the liberation of auschwitz, keeping the memory of the holocaust alive in the modern world. and much more. >> woodruff: as we reported earlier,he coronavirus outbreak in china continues. of great concern now is that the vis may be spreading even faster than previously thought.

william brangham has the latest. >> reporter: judy, while at least 14 other nations are monitoring people coming in from affected areas in china, the epicenter for this outbreak remains the city of wuhan. wuhan is bigger than any american city-- and it's 11 million residents are living in semi-lockdown... nearly all modes of transportation in and out of the city are closed off. christopher buckley, who's a china-based correspondent for "the new york times." he's in wuhan. can you just give us a sense of what you've been seein what's it like in wuhan today? >> well, today, onofhe streets uhan, the mood was extremely subdued.in ever last week, the cityn has been ockdown with these lls restrictions on, on travel, people not beinged to leave the city. fewer people are on the streets. so, do you say when you walk out is a very empty cityscape?

people tend to stay in their homes. they ce out very rarely to buy food for occasional exercise, but most of the time people are staying at home anthe only other reason people are going out is they have a fever or a cold feel. they should be visiting a hospital just in case it's the virus. >> reporter: i know it's tough to visit hospitals in wuhan. give us a sense of what those are like. u i should emphasize that it's very difficult fto get around, especially with these saffic restrictions, so i very difficult to visit all of the hospitals. we only have a partial view. but what i have seen is crowded people, clinics which have beene taking in and hundreds of people, residents who are woveied that the fever they might be a symptom of this coronavirus. i believe over the past few days it's eased a little, p because of the traffic restrictions, perhaps partly

beuse of a better manageme of the hospitals as well andmo available resources. things have eased off a bit, but there's still a great need of medical attention in the city. >> reporter: what instructions are people getting fm the government about how to get around, how to behave, what to do... what are they hearineo >> what moste are hearing is a general rules to stay heinside, to wear masks ifgo outside or have contact with othepeople to regularly wash their hands and disinfect and to stayalm. now, it's pretty easy to do most of tse things on the list, b staying calm is much more difficult when there is th deadly virus around the city. when people have been dying by the dozens at least, and people aren't sure how long this lockdown last. psychologically, that's very difficult, especially as i've realized the president's children as well. elderly people they need to take

care of. >> reporter: seen some reports on social media-- someistrust t government. what's your sense about that?le are peelieving official announcements? >> among many residents you find there's considerable distrust, distrust and an veger with the ment now borne by the belief that city leaders should have told residents about this expanding viral outbreak much earlier and much more fully. it's interting to talk to people who will tell you that they had no idea that this was so serious until suddenly a there's thouncement that the whole city will be shut down. at the same time, at the same time, i think there's sort of this practical recognition now that the city and its residents have to somehow get through hathis, and in order to do they have to stop the spread of the sease, and that requires some level of cooperation. all of these demands that the that the government has imposed on residents about not going

outdoors, for example. >> reporter: we've seen that the government trying to stop travel in/out of the city as much as has that affected people's ability to buy food or supplies? >>here is concern. but at the same time, the stores that i've been able to visit over the past few days, there is food available. there's fresh produce on the shelves. today, i went to buy some oranges for myself and didn't have any trouble. and ere were other residents lining uto buy turnips,ca ots, cucumbers, apples and also a little tin food as well. not so much meat. so the food supply seems okay now again. i think the experience that residents might vary a bit, though, like if you're elderly, for example, and you used to go to a shop downstairs to buy your food, now you might have to walk oe or two miles or a mile two in some areas to buy your toceries. and that's goingo be difficult. you might have friends and family you could help, but

th're also going to be had a lot of having a lot ofov difficultyg around town. >> reporter: okay. chris buckley of "the new york times," thank you so much for your time. >> thank you. dr >> wf: at the same time president trump faces the impeachment trial in the senate he is turning to a problem that haplagued the united state and its leaders for decades. our nick schiffrin is here to help preview the plan for peace in the middle east. east so what do we know at thise point about this plan. >> it about 60 pags es which far the most detailed plan that the u.s. has ever suggested on middle east peace, a couplef highlights. it may include the word palestinian state but it could be conditionaent and also won't have the traditional rights that a state has.so ontrol over defense, control

overboarders, control over airspace. point number two, israeli officials expect it toat least imicitly endor the ida of israeli control over some of ths occupiedbank. the jord and-- jordan valley, or some israeli settles. and number three pt is exected to limit the rights of palestinians who w ie born in whtoday israeli from returning to their homes. big question of course is what is the status of jerusalem. when you talk to the people who wrote this plan they say prfaious plans haviled and so they are trying to do something different. they are trying to create something with a lot of details up font rather than subtle diplomacy which of koirs de fined the previous plan.ak >> it different from the past. what is the reaction in israel. >> bipartisan support and almost gidiness from the israeli right because they know that this is probably the best plan that theo are ever goin get. and that is what you heard from today, both israeli-palestinian benjamin netanyahu and his political rival gantz both whomn

met the presat the white house today and had this to say this afternoon. >> a deal over the century, and we will talk about that it by. tomorrow. today i repeat i just want to say thank you for everything you've done for the state of israel. you've been the greatest friend that israel has had in the white house. >> the preside's peace plan is a significant and historic milestone. immediately after the election i will we will impment this in a stable, functioning israeli government. >> so we will get to the israeli election later but yo herd from both of them today, praising president trump because this has been the most pro-israeli u.s. administration in decades. over the last few years president trump has recognized israel, recognized jerusalem, rather, as israel's capital and movethe embassy there,

recognized israeli sovereignty over the golan heights which the israeli an exed in 1981 buth whe international community considered occupied secretary of state mike pompeo shifted u.s. poltsessee on setments declaring settlements in the west bank as not p se inconsistent with international law and the u.s. have ended all aid to paltinians including the u.n., international organizations and security ande, of cou.s. policy overall has been in sync with israel, especially on iraq. >> woodruff: heavily favoring isel which rais questions from the palestinian. >> dead on the prime minister said this would quote liquidate the palestinian cause. her palestinian officials say it is dead on arrival. j street which is i annis jewish lobbying group here in d.c. that coidered itelf proisraeli and propeace say that this was a peace plan in name only. an illegitimate attempt because

there is no serious attempt to esengage with palnian aspirations. palestinians are not part of this deal. and nobody in the s especially is even pretending that they are. evenore cynical they call it a political ploi by a president who has been impeached an a prime minister who has been indicted. politics surroundis, there the president trump undergoing the impeachment trial right now, manyhile in isaeli prime minister netanyahu facing re-election and he hed been indi >> let's talk about the israeli election, plarch 2-7bd is-- israelis will go to the poll for the third time in the last year, netanyahot ony fighting for political survival but for physical freom because he is indicted encore ruption charges. and if he is no prime minister, he could go to jail. so analysts say thahe wants to focus on security and not encore ruption. nny gantz he can't see crr icizing this plan foars of alienating votedders but he did say he would want to talk th

palestinians about this plan if he were elected. that brings us to imeachment. this is not the first time that the impeachment of a u.s. president has been intertwined with middle east peace. december 1998, the houseim aches bill clinton and he is in jerusalem having a press conference the very first question he is asked isbout impeachment. that question that reporter is t interrupted e israeli prime minister who just happens to have been benjamin netanyahu. question, your free to ask any one of your questions but i think the president s come here on a very clear message an a very clear voyage of peace. and i believe thait would be appropriate also to ask one or process, i would like to know the answer toos. >> this is not the first time that the p states or the prime minister of israel has emphasized issues of ste while there was political peril. >> woodruff: history lesson. thank you.

>> woodruff: we turn now from talks of peace in the ddle east to a look back at the legacy of the holocaust. survivors of the auschwitz- birkenau death camps marked the 75th anniversary of their liberation tod. they commemorated at the rail depot where jews from across europe disembarked from cattle trucks and were murdered in nazi gas chambers. poland's president andrej duda said the world must never forget. the anniversary comes at a time when anti-semetic attacks are increasing in the united states and europe. wshour special correspondent malcolm brabant has our report from southern poland. >> reporter: whethe soviet army liberated auschwitz birkenau, they were greeted by about 200 starving, freezing girls and boys. somehow, they had avoided the fate of a quarter of a million children originalltransported here.

on the far left, a feisty five-- anlf-year-old polish jewish girl kept alive combination of good fortune, her mother's ingenuity, and her own iron will. now approaching her birthday, tova friedman of highland compelled to return for this historic anniversary. >> we are here to uncoil. that's what we are here for. to show evil and what an do if unchecked. >> reporter: tova has spent her life campaigning to keep the memories of the holoust alive. >> you knew you were going to die but you didn't understand it really as child. but you knew people were disappearing. and every time i think about it, i think of the childreo aren't here and i remember when they were taken. >> reporter: altugh tova has returned here several times beforethis monument to mankind's bestiality still has the power to overwhelm.

what do you think when you see that, the barbwire? >> oh, it scares me to death,en ow. i remember that so well, i remember that people tried to ach it to get killed. it was easier to die tn to stay here. >> reporter: on the electric fence? to.t allowed you w because they wanted you to die on their terms, t your terms. so there was a guard with dogs. and by the time you came a little closer, you were shot. so people... all these dead people were lying here because they never reached. they didn't reach the electric fence. f >> reporte untold thousands this was their last view of the world-- the only preserved gas chamber and crematorium in auschwitz. it lacked the capacity to deal with the nazis' objective of erasing jews from the face of the eart today their factory-sized slaughterhouses and ovens in nearby birkenau are piles of rubble.

before they fled the soviet advance, the s.s. tried erase their fingerprints by immolating the scene of the crime. tova was once sent to the gas chber, but she returned unscathed because it wasn't operating on that day. >> i... i just can't do this. i can't do this. you gotta say prayers. you can't do anything else but pray, you know, hoping that there is a god, it'll stop, hoping there is humanity somewhere... i think this is too much for me,ou know, this is real. >> reporter: the lessons that auschwitz offers the world today e exactly the same as they were when the camp was liberatea 75 ago. auschwitz speaks to the dangs of religious and ethnic hatred,

of the r the mob, of dictatorship, of totalitarianism and also of turning a blind eye. most pilgrims to this time capsule emerge thoroughly astened. but the american whose fundraising helped preserve the extermination camps so the world would never forget, is deeply concerned by alobal resurgence of anti semitism. ambassador ronald lauders president of the world jewish congress. >> remember anti-semitism in t 1920's and 1930's started very small and built up. we've seen it building over the last six years, amazingly, and it's gonna keep buildi unless we do something about it. >> reporter: despite being exhausted by the odyssey from levittown, pennsylvania, cantor david wisnia manag to sing a hungarian song taught by a girlfriend who helped him survive birkenau.

cantor wisnia, of polish jewish heritage, was dispatched to birkenau in 1942. at the railhead when the selection process began, the teenager pretended to be older than 18 to avoid being sent straight to the gas chambers. unlike most of the souls memorialized by this sitary cattle truck. s.s. that he was for worke the details.ll at first he coted the bodies of prisoners whoommitt suicide. h but th captors heard about his voice and ordered him to tertain them. >> i only lived because... one word: muc. and i sang a ydish song while in auschwitz and birkenau because the s.s. loved it. ♪ bei mir bist du schoen

it wasn't my favorite song. ♪ ♪ >> reporter: 1930's jewish dance music serenaded tovariedman at her hotel in krakow. her story is not just about death and murder. liberation meant rebirth, a second chance at life. >> it's my birthday, january 27. absolutely i celebrate it. >> reporter: and above all tova honors her mother raizl, who saved her life by hiding her next to a corpse in birkenau as the nazis eliminated witnesses before fleeing the soviet advance. able to cry for the first time in years.>> ell, first of all, you arema gonn me cry now, because crying was a crime. if they heard you crying, you ghed. they shoot you, so i learned not to cry.

>> if there is any way to save this world, it is to eliminate hatred. because hatred kills, it winds up death, it wds up killing. and i have learned that the hard way so if we could only live together as human beings that my mission in life. >> reporter: in the twilight of their lives, the survivors' legacy couldn't be any clearer. but how ch of the modern world is listening? for the pbs newshour, i'm malcolm brabant in birkenau >> woodruff: impeachment may be dominating the headlines, but the race to challenge president trump in the next electi is

about to kick into a new gear. john yanreports on the push to win support before the first voters have their say. >> reporter: for iowa democrats, decision time is nearing as campaign buses roll, including w this oneh a populist-theme carrying vermont senator bernie sanders >> how're you doing? >> reporter: boosted by polls showing his message gaining steam. >> we got people knocking on doors all over the state, people making telephone calls. >> reporter:ut for the rising candidate, there's rising pressure.mi esota senator amy klobuchar told nbc that sanders is too liberal. >> i don't think he should be leading the ticket. i think i should be leading the ticketecause my ideas are much more in sync with bold ways of getting things done. >> reporter: a third senator,- elizabeth warren of massachusetts, also zoomed to

iowa during the ekend break in the impeachment trial break. hers was a topsy-turvy weekend: lagging in some polls, but also scoring the endorsement from ths oines register" editorial board. she, too, made the case that she could win in november. >> can we just address it right here? women win. ( cheers and applause ) took back the house and we took back statehouses around the nation, because of women candidates and the women who do the hard work toet it done. >> reporter: former mayor pete "electability" on his outreach to non-democrats. his venue? a town hall hosted by fox news. >> i'm meeting a lot o i republicans who arng to my events. if you're having trouble looking your kids in the eye and explaining this presidency to them, at you have a choice.ti >> reporter:, even though iowa's caucuses are just a week

away, it was not the sole focus of the leang candidates. former vice president joe biden was in new hampshire, where the primary is set for theollowing week. for the "pbs newshour," i'm john yang.f: >> woodrhat brings us to politics monday. that's amy walter of the "cook political report" and public radio's "pitics with amy walter." and tamara keith of npr is her she co-hosts the "npr politics podcast." podcast. hello to boft you. we can feel it now, just a wee away, the iowa caucuses but we will start out talking about impeachment because it isum cog still so much of our attention. tamara keith, that is why you are still in washington andot out on the trail. at this point to ask a kind of a political question, what does it look like with regard to pressure on republican senators to call witnesses? >> there is more pressure now

than there was 24 hours ago, that's for sure. that new york times article abt john bolton's book. certainly raises the stakes for senators. it adds a little bit of pressure. certaioy you're not going see, you know, 25 republican senators suddenly decide that they want witnesses. but there are a number of senators that my colleagues have been speaking to upl on the hil who are entertaining the idea of wit benesses again. the talk of a witness exchange perhaps where you see john bolton and someone that e republicans want testify, all of that is acknowledging the reality that by the idea of john bolton's book being out there that he, in thibook, reportedly says that president trump told him that he wanted to hold up-- hold up the money until he gote investigations. that undercuts some of the arments that prsident trump

and his legal team have beenma ng. >> woodruff: and amy, we have all been trying to figure out how much effect this is going to have on this impeachment. >> it certainly would drive the process out that many had expeeed would be ing, maybe even before the iowa caucuses on monday or before the state of the union which is coming up on tuesday. the deba over witnesses could take us another week or who knows how much lonthger. e is another bigger question. we are now in the process today but we ultimately have to thnk about where this ends up. and i think where a lot of voters hhe been throughs process is they're getting lost there are a lot o names and a lot of bombshells that seem tou come all the time. but fundamentally they want to know will he bevi coed or acquitted. and where we are at this point, i talked to democrats, them in iowa, their belief is that basically he will be acquitted at the end of the day.

so the focus, yes, they neeto do their job. that doesn't mean they don't care about impeachment or don't think it is important. but they need to do, what they are focusing on right nw is which is the candidate that can win in november because it i more likely than not that if w want to beat donald trump it will have to be at the ballott box,ll not be through impeachment. >> and given that, tam, what is the sense at ths poi. i know you are in washington for now but i know you continue to do reporting on ths. what does it look like in iowa, six days away, seven days y? >> you know, so there is a lot of polling. and it indicates at least one thing, which is that although some share of people say they have made up thr minds and rmly set in making uptheir minds there are still a lot of people who say well, i could still change my mind, or i'm no0 percent certain that this choice is going to stick. one thing that has been sort of remarkable in watching the democratic primary oerall these

months, now we're basically a year out from when this al started, a little bit more. and you know, if you had said a year ago te top two people with the mosturable holon the top of the polls would be bernie sanders and joe biden, a lot of people would have said no way, that's not psible. and would do you have? you have bernie sanders and joee biden right at the top, who you know, do not represent sort of theoung diverse field that everyone was talking about at the verniy beg. >> this is one of the polls we're seeing there are a fatew showed us bernie sanders, up.ht there at the top, moving how do you explain it? >> tim is right, they don't represent what the docratic party electorate looks like which is yowker and female and has a significant percentage of voters of color. but what they do represent is e two bas arguments that democrats have in this campaign. either go for a mor

revolutionary sort of structural change candidate or go with one who isoing to, call them the restoration candidate. go to life before donumald the challenge right now for these two candates, bernie sanders actually is coalescing that revolutionary strucral change voter much better than biden is coinlearound the restoration voter. so what we're seeing right now is, in places like iowa and new hampshire and a number of thes polls. bernie sanders coalescing younger voters and more liberal voters bt biden's vote that was going to him is now getting split with pte buttigieg and to so that is rely the focus, iar. think, for iowa, is what percent of the vote, not just would warren take but whatould pete buttigieg and klobuchar doing to cut into what for a long time joe biden had al to

>> woodruff: and in the mean time, tam, two of the people amy just mentioned, bernie sanders and amy klobuchar are in washington, in that impnteach trial listening to the arguments. they're not out on the campaign trail. >> yeah. >> woodruff: is that going to have a bearing? >> you know, i think it is probably a bigger challenge for amy klobuchar than it is for bernie sanders, amy klobuchar was just starting to get some-- just starting to get some voters very exc tited, starti get bigger crowds in iowa and now she will spend this week in washington. whereas bernie sanders, if you look under the hood of that pbs poll, of the the voters who made up the minds for bernie sanders, most of them, more of them say there is no chance they're going to change theirmi than voters who support any other candidate. so bernie sanders has had this,

you know, like titanium piece of the pie. and it is strong. like his supporters support him. and that ttanium piece of pie phrase is something i borrowed from peoe who were describing the way president trump went through the primary in 2016. >> woodruff: wel, it is fascinating. here we are, just a few days away. we started out saying we can'tev it is right around the corner and it literally. is tamara keith, amy walter,an you both. >> you're welcome. finally tonight the legacy of nba great kobe bryant. jeffrey brown looks at how bryant is being remembered and why his too short life ressoonad with many. >> reporte around the country, around the world, the shock of kobe bryant's death continued, and the tributes poured in.

outside the staples center in los angeles, where he dazzled as a player. >> like a lot of people are saying, today's the day that pa of l.a. died. and it's been a tough day. i know i'm going to shed a lot of tears in the days to come.r: >> repornside basketball arenas in other cities, past foes paid tribute to a fierce competitor they all admired. >> we always liked to reminisce. very the dna very michael jordan.er have, lik >> people stopped in their tracks to remembla, and at night's grammy awards.ou >> we love y, kobe. >> bryant was the >> reporter: bryant was the rare orathlete who transcended . on the court, from the time he made the jump from high school directly to the n.b.a., he wasri an extraordi gifted and tenacious talent. >> as a competitive person, the thing that i do is look forward.

you can't change things that were, you can't change the outcome. what you can do is control what you can control, which is your performance. >> reporter: del harris was his first professional coach. >> all the players that have come after him have learned about his work ethic and what it takes to be the best any individual can be. >> kobe bryant. >> reporter: he played 20 years fothe los angeles lakers, won five championshi, was an 18-time all-star, won two goldep medalsresenting the u.s. incs the olym-- the list of accomplishments and mal moments goes on and on, including a night in 2006re remembered by abdul- jabbar on twitter. >> i had the privilege of being there when he scored his 81 ngint game and it is som that i will always remembeigas one of theights of the things i have learned and

observed in sports. >> reporter: jt saturd, today's biggest star, lebron james, passed bryant as the third all-time leading scorer in n.b.a. history. after bryant's death, james time when he could only dream of becoming a great player. >> i went to a.b.c.d. ca, and he came talk to all the kids that were there, and i happened to be one of the kids at was there, and i was just listening. i was trying to soak up everything that i could, and i remember one thing that he said, he was like, if you want to try be great at it, or you want to be one of the greats, you have to work at it." >> reporter: his life in the public eye wasot without controversy. in 2003 he was accused of sexual assault by an employee at a colorado hot. seprosecutors dropped the when the woman declined to testify. a civil lawsuit was settled out of court. in recent years bryant was well into establishing his post-ba baskll career, as a businessman.

writer and filmmaker-- a short film, titled, "dear basketball" won an oscar in 2018. and overseeing the kobe and vanessa bryant family foundation. former president barack obama, a friend, wrote "as a legend on the court and just getting started in what would have been just as aningful a second act." he also became a champion of women's sports and the professional.n.b.a., prompted in large part by the interests and talents of his dr, gianna. >> the best thing that happens when we go out fans wi come up to me and she's standing next to me and fans say "yo you and v have to have a boy to carry on the tradition the legacy," and she's like, "uh, i got this, you don't need a boy for this." ( laughter ) (eers and applause ) and i'm like, "that's right, yes, you do." >> reporter: gianna, known as i gigi, disunday's crash, at age 13.

daughters and his wife vanessa. he was 41 years old. fothe pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown. >> woodruff: and that's the newshour for tonight. for all of us at the pbs newshour soon. you and see you >> major funding for the pbs >> american cruise.rovided by: fleet of small cruiseships explore american landscapes, seaside villages and historic harwhrs. e you can experience local customs anduine. american cruise lines, proud sponsor of pbs newshour. fidelity investments, bnsf

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hello, everyone and welcome to "amanpour and company." here is what's coming up. >> t w proce good enough for president clinton and bas fairne dictates it ought to be good enough for this president as well. >> senator mitch mcconnell holds the key to the impeachment trial of presidenttrump. i ask his former aide and his political biographer about the senate leader. it's a story that unifies us. >> his ceer and activism, full up refugees.rob bbins on ♪