♪ judy: good evening, i am judy woodruff. tonight i sit down with bernie sanders. then, the politics of an outbreak as the coronavirus claims more than 1000 victims. how china's ruling communist party is under the microscope. plus, the quietde epimic. as the coronavirus dominates today's headlines, we look at the rising global threat of measles. >> it is real a collective failure that these outbreaks are happening and the underlying e reason is that peoe not vaccinated. judy: all that and more on tonight's "pbs newshour."

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peace ansecurity at carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support o ese individuals and institutions. ♪ >> this program made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. stephanie: good evening, i am stephanie sy at newshour west. we will return to would -- judy woodruff after theeadlines. william barr bering president trump over the roger stone case.

the president tweeted his outrage at feral prosecutors who wanted his longtime advisorn to serve up e years in prison. barrhe overruledrosecutors and did recommend a lesser sentence, earning him scrutiny and cricism. he called out mr.'s actions. mr. barr: to have state ants and tweeut the departments, about people in theepartment, about cases pending and judges before whom we have cases, make it impossible for me to do my job. stephanie: barr said the president never asked him to intervene in the stone case and insisted he was not pressured by to reduce the sentencing recommendation. white house press secretary stephanie grisham issued a statement which in partays the president was not bothered by the comments at all and barr has

the right like any citizen to publicly offer his opinions. nancy pelosi charge the president's actions are interfering with justice. misses pelosi: he is trying to manipulate law enforcement to serve his political interest. the president is what he is. has no respect, but where are, the republicans to speak out onh blatant violation? stephanie:eanwhile mr. trump attacked his former white house chief of staff john kelly tod n saying he wa up to the job. tuesday kelly said the president's phone call to the president of ukraine asking him to investigate joe biden and his sonegas i. the u.s. senate voted to curb the president's authority to attack iran unless congress approves it the resolution passed 55-45, short of the 2/3 majority needed to override a

promised presidential veto. the house of representatives laproved its own resolutio month. the u.s. navy confirmed it seized a large cache of iranian-made weapons.they stoppn the arabian sea and found the weapons. they included antitank guided missiles and three surface-to-air missiles. they may have been bound for shiite rebels in yemen. president trump and top lieutenants talked of progress on a peace deal in afghanistan. mr. trump said awi dea the taliban could be close. mike pomo said there has been a breakthrough and inrussels mark esper suggested a temporary truce could be imminent. >> the united states and taliban negotiated a proposal for a seven-day reduction innc vio the best of not only solution in afghanistan is a political

agreement. progress has been made on this front. stephanie: the world health organization reports the coronavirus outbreak is still's breading outside of china, but slowly. officials reported116 new deaths and 4800 new cases in hubei province, the death toll at 1400. a 15th case has been confirmed in the u.s.. ill look at how it is rattling chinese leadership. the u.s. justice department added newriminal charges against chinese tech giant huaweicu, ng the company of plotting to steal trade secrets from competitors and providing surveillance equipmentheo iran during 209 -- 2009 protest the trump administration transferring billion's and military funding to build the

southern border wall. the pengon notified congress today. the money will come from the national guard and funds allocated to by aircraft send build shifts. -- ships. nancy pelosi and chuck schumer id the transfer amounts to stealing. congressional democrats revise the equal rights amendment, banning the -- witha virgi recently becoming the 38th and final state needed to amendment, the house voted today to remove the deadline. wmakers debated whether it is already too late. >> t e.r.a. is about building the america we wants, aboutre forming a erfect union. simply put, there can be no expiration dat on equality. >> hse democrats are trying to retroactively revise the amendment. congress does not have the power

to do that. congress at thein dea it was passed, it was a not approved other is an in run to get around that. stephanie: oklahoma plans to resume executions of condemned inmates. the practice was halted in 2015 after a series of botched lethal injections. officials said they secured a new supply ofecessary drugs. there are 47 inmates on oklahoma's dea row. the newspaper industry suffered a big low, one of the nations largest publishers filed for federal bankruptcy protection. the company owns 30on publicati including the miami herald, charlotte observer and kansas city star. on to nevada, judy woodruff sits down with bernie sanders over the next political battleground. how the coronavirus is exposing potential threats to the ruling communist party. why cases of measles are skyrocketing around the world.

after impeachment an inside look at an emboldened president trump and much more. >> this is the "pbs newshour" from weta studios in washington and from the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism from arizona state university. judy: the race for the white house is heating up as the field of democratic contenders narrows. yamiche alcindor reportsnd how the campaigns are focusing on the next make or break states. yamiche: this morning one of the few candidates actively campaigning, former new york city mayor michael bloomberg. he brought his unconventional bid to north carolina. they kicked off early voting in their primary. in nework, former vice president joe biden was also fund-raising for his struggling campaign. he waslso trying to use tv to his advantage. on abc's "the view" this morning, bidenaid hed to

press bloomberg on past policies and remarks about people of color during t debate in nevada next week. former vicpresident joseph biden: i'm going to get a chance to debate him on eveg from redlining, to stop and frisk, to a whole range of other things. yamiche alcindor: then there were the senators still in the race vermont's bernie sanders, minnesota's amy klobuchar, and massachusetts' elizabeth warren. sanders narrowly won the new hampshire primary and the popular vote in iowa early this afternoon, all three were back at their day jobs to vote on the senate war powers resolution. the bill would limit t authority of a president who they all are hoping to unseat. as for the contests coming up, businessman tom steyer ts focusiay on nevada, where voters will caucus on february 22. hawaii congresswoman tulsiis gabbard n south carolina ahead of its primary one week later. former south bend, indiana, mayor pete buttigieg was positioning himself for the neda caucuses as well. his team today unveiled a new spanish-language tv ad that it says will be airing statewide. meanwhile, a powerful union cpresenting many workers on the

las vegas strip shing with supporters of bernie sanders. in a statement yesterday, the group said, quote, "it's disappointing that senator sanders' supporters have union for distributing leaflets criticizing his medicare for all plan." the next debate, which will be in las vegas, is scheduled for xt wednesday. .or the "pbs newshour," i'm judy: let's take a closer look the nevada caucuses and beyond with the candidate fresh off his bernie sanders of t.e, senator welcome to the newshour. congratu ntions. are yo the front runner? sen. sanders: all i know is we are working very hard, proud we n the popular vote in iowa, the new hampshire primary. i thk we have a good shot to keep going. judy: four years ago you came

close in nevada and in south carolina you were beaten badly by hillary clinton. you're confident you will win sen. sanders we have a much stronger organization, better name recognition, we feel we have a shot in sou carolina. in nevada we have a really good shot. sall over t country i am proud that we have an extraordinary grassroots movent people. thousands knking on doors all over this country. certainly nevada and south carolina. judy: let me ask you about your agenda. in nevada a powerful culinary workers unionaid they wouldhe not endorseandidate. not so many days ago they put out a flyer saying they oppose plan you have endorsed.r health how do you respond to their organization? sen. sanders: know their leadership and we have worked

some of their public united here. some are strongly supporting us who have the same health care plan is the culinary workers. many unions believe in medicare for all. judy: they say your plan would take away the health care their members have. sen. sanders: i disagree. the plan for them and every person would expand the health care we have. we can expand medicare to include dental care, hearing aids, eyeglasses. we will do awayith premiums and copayments and deductibles. .and out-of-pocket expens we will take on the greed and corruption of the pharmaceutal industry and make sure no oneicn amhas to spend more than $200 a year on prescription drugs. at the end of the day we are spending twice as much per capita as any other nation.

yet despite the huge expenditure, 87 million americans are uninsured, 30,000 die, 500,000 bankrupt. it does not make sense. judy: they are opposing your position. some of your supporters in nevada attacked the union. sen. sanders: it is a funny thing. nthat is acceptable to me. i do not know who these supporters are. we live in atrange world. sometimes people attack people in someone else's name. let me be clear. anybody making personal attacks against anybody in my name -- they are not part of our movement. it is a strange world. judy: voters in new hampshire brought it up. you wt to cancel student loans -- i am sorry, student debt.

this is not only going to benefit students, people that would go on to careers where they can affor tay the loans back. i heardoters asking me in a number of settings in new hampshire, this does not seem fave. why spend ment money for people who canfford to pay back the loans. sen. sanders:o those people can afford to pay them back, on the wealth and tax plan, paying af fair sharexes. we live at a time of massive massive income and wealth inequality and a time when every bloody program is enormously complicated. not just healthis care, i filling out forms, not eligible anymore. what i want to do and what i believe is univers, social security has been so popular, you know why? billionaires like donald trump get a social secity check,

mike bloomberg, it does not mean much to w them. the you dl with social programs is make them universal and then you have the wealthy start paying their fair share of it is simpler, less complicated. judy: i interviewed pete buttieg who came out of new mpshire a close second. he said this is not the timfor the politics of my way or the highway. he said if your only chn ces are betw revolution anthe a visiouo, that is that leaves most americans are. sen.anders: the agenda is what working families want. i am proud to raise the minimum wage to $15 an hour. health care is a human right. we're are the only major country on eth to notuantee medical care to older people.

we have to deal with climate change. you cannot deal with it in a modest way. scientists are telling us we have an existential threat facing this planet. i am sure you have read a dozen reports. we have to tell the fossil fuel industry they cannot destroy this part -- planet. i support the green neweal. judy: is that a plan that appeals to moderate democrats and progressive liberals? one of your most- biggest supporters sd there is such a thing as too big a tent for democrats, she questioned whether she and jbe biden should n the same party. a party that limits who belongs? sen. sanders: not at all, what alexandria was talking about,e n europe, whu have many parties -- [indiscernible] to win this election, and it is imperative we defeat trump, the

most dangerous president in modern american history. the way you beat him is to grow voter turnt. lawe need thest turnout in the history of the country. i do not think the same old status quo politics will excite people or bring them out. hiour campaign is re out to disillusioned working people who no longer vote, to young people who have not gotten involved in the political process to the degree they should. that is the way we defeat trump judy: all due respect, the turnout in ia was nowhat it was in 2008 when barack obama engendered a huge turnout. sen. sanders:on numbe and iowa you are right, it is similar to 2016. but young people, under 29, we saw a 33% increase in their participatn. in new hampshire we won almt

all the working class in this country. if we want to bring working-class people back to the democraticar, our campaign is the campaign to do that. judy: younger voter turut in new hampshire was down. sen. sanders: i heard that, i am not sure it is accurate. in clege towns the turnout w high. we have not analyzed those results. ju: a question from a number of voters, your health record. you said last fall you would release them by the end sen. sanders: we did. judy: complete? sen. sanders yes. reat secret, i had heart attack in october. follow me on the campaign path, we were working hard. i am feeling fine. judy: how do you feel? sen. sanders: great. a lile tir. i have not had a day off in three weeks, but other than that, good.

judy: pete buttigieg said in order to compete against a president that has raised astonishing sums of money we have to go to this fight with everything we got. the president raised more than $60 million in january. does he have a point? sen. sanders: no. he is raising money from som40 or 50 billionaires pouring big money interests, ceo's of drug companies. that is what candidates do. at the end of the day, the american people are disgusted by the power of billionaires controlling the economy and the political life of thntry. we have raised money in a very different way. we have receed more contributions from more people than any candidate in the history of this country, averaging -- we are the can't --

aign of the working-cla people in this country. teachers. contributors are am proud of at. i do not go to wine caves to anybody tells you that when billionair ctribute, they do not want anything, doing it out heof the goodness of theit, i do not think anybody bieves that. at is why in terms of drug companies we pay 10 times more than canada or other countries do for the same. billionaires contribute for a reason. they w influence in the political process. i do not their t money. i warepresent working-class and middle-class families of this country. dy: senator bernie sanders, thank you. ♪

judy: now to the increasing political told the coronavirus isaking in china. today president xi jinping firhi tw-level communist party officials in the region at thece er of the outbreak. the move comes as both death tid inf tl are skyrocketing, partly as a result of changes ithe way infections are counted. john yang has the latest. john yang: judy, could this outbreak threaten the political stability of the ruling chinese communist party and of president jinping? jude blanchette is the freeman chair in china studies at the center for strategic and international studies.o thanksch for being with us. two developments today. one, the provincial leaders of hubei province and of wuhan, where th replaced. began, were two, the chinese government changed the diagnostic definition of this virus, which

has now given a big n the number of cases that they're reporting. what are the political each of these moves? ninbehind let's start with the provincial leaders being replaced. jude blanchette: i thi there's two broadly important repercussions from this or implications. the first is that beijing, theve central ment, is displeased with how local-level officials have been dealing with this problem. there's been a lot of resentment in the city of wuhan and also in the provincial level in hubei with how officials initially were unresponsive to the spread of the virus and then worked to silence criticisms or independent opinions on it. but, importantly, beijing also wants to signal that it's taking direct actions to deh this. so, there's a convenient element of well -- as well of bething signalin it's not responsible, it's the local-level officials. and thiss a long-held play in china'playbook of essentially throwi under the bus as a way to distance themselves from whatever the crisis may be john yang: and then changing the diagnostic definition, it sounda liedical issue, but is

there -- are there political plications to this, having this number, a big jump in this number, just as they replace these local officials?tt jude blanc yes, the reasoning behind this was because there was a lack of real thorough testable to do a and so leaders decided that it was better instead to have a much more conservative estimate. however, i also think there's a political reasoning here as well. you have this new leader coming in to take ovealat the provinevel, a man named ying yong, who's the mayor of shanghai. he obviously doesn't want to come in and have any of the problems that should be on the ledger of the guy going out be on his books. hi sowas a way, i think, of signaling that he comes in with a clean slate with this new conservative estimate. and now he can really o up from here. john yang: could this be a threat to the system, to the chinese communist party? jude blanchette: in a word, no,

in the sense that, if we're thinking a threat to the actual fundamental political stability of the communist party, we have a pretty poor track record in w predictin the communist party will fall. it turns 100 next year, i should point out. does this tarnish the reputation ol the communist party as a credible problemr? yes, i think it does. the real value proposition that the communist party is supposed to bring is that, unlike demoatic systems, which are quite messy and unable to deal with black swan events or to deal with long-term threats, the communist party has the will and the unity to resolutely take acson and stomp these probl out when they arise. and as we have seen here, in the really was metastasizing for upward of two months before china's political system really kicked into gear. and by that ti, as we now know, the virus has spo widely that it's really been a difficult oblem to contain. john yang: but one of the reasons for the stability or the legitimacy, i suppose, of the chinese system is economic growth. jude blanchette: yes. john yang: this is now beginning to threaten economic growth. it's now showg up in some of the statistics.

they extended the new year's holiday, workers slow getting back. of having this growth owsions because of this? jude blanchette: so, the repercussions are not only significant for china domestically, oft for the rest he world and here in the united states. in order, in china, we're already seeing eisimates that ay knock half-a-percent off its yearly gdp growth, some estimates of a full percentage. globally, this is a big deal because china is the workshop of the world. this is where a lot of supply chains intersect in china. and so, right now, you're seeing compies, u.s. companies, european companies, asian companies, really scramble tofi where they can source components and deal with some of these labor shortages, as workers in china are quite hesitant to go back to -- goct back to the ies. so this is already going to have a significant economic spillover for the rest of the world.

hn yang: president xi reemerged this week. he was touring a hospital in beijing, not wuhan. he was wearing a protective mask. he had been largely unseen, under the radar, at the beginning of this crisis. what do you make of that? jude blanchette: i think thee' reality is, t's no good position here for xi jinping. take the visible lead on dealing with a problem which you don't know how large the problem is going to get, and you look inept and unable to deal with the problem. rece too far behind the curtain, and you look distant and unconnected with the realities that people are dealing with on the ground. so, xi jinping rnght now is tro find a goldilocks of just involved enough to where you look like you're in command, but receding enough to where you can blame lower-level officials if this goes pear-shaped. john yang: has he found it? jude blanchette: no, of course not. we're sitting here having this discussion now, so i think people are quite surpry the lack of leadership that he has showed thus far. john yang: jude blanchette from the center for strategic and international studies, thank you very much. jude blanchette: thank you. ♪

judy: en as health care officials around the world struggle to deal with the coronavirus, a far more intagious disease, measle on the rise across the globe. hari sreenivasan explores whatvi is d this deadly spike. hari sreenivasan: nearly three times as many people havdied from measles in the democratic republic of congo than from ebola. it's the world's worst epidemic of the disease. more than 6,000 are dead, with over 300,000 suspected cases from every province of the country. poienne mwengisa (throu translator): measles is a very serious disease that attacks children, and we parents do not know how to defend ourselves against this disease. that's why i wanted him to get the vaccine, so that his bodyp can develoimmunity. hari sreenivasan: and military conflict can prevent everyone who wants the vaccine from getting it. matutina lobve (through translator): we have fled our villages becausehere is no

peace here. if we also lose peace of minds and in our heacause of our children's suffering, because of measles, that is a really bad thing for us. we want the vaccine. hari sreenivasan: not everyone in a community has to have the vaccine for protection. if 95% of a group gets immunized, there's what's called herd immunity, whenuthe high er of vaccinated prevent the spread of an infection. but in the congo, only 57% of the population is vaccinated, according to unicef. atter of the the turn visit. according to unicef, while 86% of the children around the world receive the first dose, fewer than 70% receive the recommended second dose. dr. paul offit is the director of the vaccine center at ildren's hospital o philadelphia. paul offit: it's a disease that's so contagious that you don't even have to have face-to-face contact with someone to catch it. you just havaito be in their pace.

in other words, if i had measles and left this room, someone really who came into this room ngwithin two hours of my b here could catch measles. hari sreenivasanmeasles can cause a high fever, runny nose, cough and red eyes. during winter, those symptoms can be hard to distinguish from the flu or a common cold. after three to five days, a cerge rash appears, usually starting on the before spreading to other parts of the body. it can lead to long-term health impacts, including pneumonia, swelling of the brain and eapermanent blindness or hng loss. the vaccine is usually administered after a child'h's first bi, then again between ages four and six, meaning infants under the age of one are most at risk among unvaccinated populations. cess to vaccines in a war-torn land is understandable, ilt what's happening in otherwise tranquamoa is mething different. measles killed more than 70 samoanlast year. arly 5,000 cases have been reported. keep in mind, the population here is just over 200,000.

eseta meki (through translator): the nurses tried their best, but, in the end, they told me they couldn't save him. hari sreenivasan: here, unvaccinated families place red fltside their home to signal that they need the vaccine or that someone may be sick. elsie lelesio: we have a lot of dreams that we need toliulfill for oule ones. but once they are lost, we don't know what to do, and we don'tpt know how to act. declared a state of emergency,nt children from gathering in large groups. 3 of children under the age of one received the measles vaccine in 2018. during the height of the outbreak, samoanedfficials arrerominent anti-vaccine activist edwin tamasese, who rose to prominence after claiming the government's vaccination efforts would result in mass casualties. such misinformation is fueling a hesitancy toward vaccines, so much so that the world healthti

organi labeled vaccine hesitancy among the top 10 threats to global health. kate o'brien: hundreds of millions of people have received the vaccine. and it is rely a collectiveur fathat these outbreaks are happening, and an increase in the number of cases and deaths are ppening, and the underlying reason is that people hari sreenivasan: and, thus, measles cases skyrocketed 167% worldwide from 2016 to 2018. deaths climbed from 110,000 in 2017 to 140,000 in 2018. needless to say, it's not just an island chain in the south pacific surrounded by a sea of misinformation. the shores of the developed world are also inundated. according to the latesers available, measles in europe has doubled, 90,000 cases in the first half of 2019, compared to 84,000 cases for all of 2018. more than half those cases came from ukraine. in addition to being at the center of our impeachment

scandal, it is also the center of a population unconvinced by the science. andriy cherenkov (through translator): no one is showide the other there are many harmed children, for example, my nephew. he has autism. hari sreenivasan: pediatrician anna kukharuk says that idea changes quickly after exposure. anna kukharuk (through anslator): some people s that measles is a children's illness and it is better to just go through it. but, as soon as they gugh the illness, those who were against vaccination ask to be vaccinated. hari sreenivasan: lest we think these beliefs are still foreign soil or that the measles is at bay in the united states, last year, the u.s. reported more than 1,200 confirmed cases, the highest number in 25 years.e in mind, measles was officially eminated from the united states in 2000; 73% of america's cases in 2019 were linked to recent outbreaks in new york, reported in orthodox jewish communities in brooklyn, where distrust of vaccinations is prevalent. and the spread of misinformation around vaccines has been gathering steam for years here.

celebrities like jenny mccarthy and robert kennedy famously have spoken out againstaccines. here's then candidate donald trump at a republican presidential debate: president donald trump: just the other day, two years old, two and a 1/2 years old, a child, a beautiful child went, to have the vaccine, and camekback, and a ater got a tremendous fever, got very, very sick, now is autistic. hari sreenivasan: su scientifically unfounded claims mean experts like paul offit have to keep emphasi.ng their safe paul offit: the frustration, i an excellentt' vaccine. this vaccine actually has the capacity to eliminate measles from the face of the earth, much in the same manner that we eliminated smallpox from the face of the earth. so, we can do is. we don't have to suffer the 150,000 deaths. hari sreenivasan: the misinformation is perhaps the only thing more contious than the virus. it spreads quickly, thanks to closed facebook groups with thousands of members. another reason these ideas spread is a lack of firsthand exposure.

it is important to remember that measles has been preventable for 60 years, and most youple have never seen its effects. paul offit: i have seen a lot of measles. i can tell in 30 seconds whether orot it's measles. it's how sick the child looks. often, they're photophobic, meaning they're intolerant to light. they're squinting, because they sort of have this sort of mild encephalopathy. and they're ill. measles makes you sick, and measles can ma you dead. hari sreenivasan: experts estimate that, over the st 18 years, the measles vaccinationsa alone had more than 23 million lives. for the "pbs newshour," i'm hari sreenivasan. judy: stay with us. coming up, traumatized children and no evidence of success. the controversial school shooting drills. plus, poetry and revolution.

on our bookshelf tonight a very stable genius, donald j. trump's testing of america. it takes us beyond the headlines to expose president trump's chaotic first years in office. one of the authors joins me now. thank you -- welcome to the newshour. there are so many anecdotes in this book i hardly know where to begin. you quote a senior national security official who td you and carol, i served a demand for two years, i think he is a long-term and immediate danger to the country. it does not get more alarming than that. phil: it does not. for reporting this book, carol and i interviewed more than 200, advisors, friends of the president. we heard again and again

recurring theme, that they are worried for the country with his leadership. they think he makes decisions impulsively, erratically, without information. he rejects intelligence from his rsadvi, knowledge from those arnd the government. that is a cause for concern and there are other officials who feel like america has been lucky, that there has not been a terrorist attack or some major crisis to grapple with and they worry every day about this president. judy: you describe so many incidenc. over the last two years or more, but in the last few days we have seen 2:00 a.m. monday t president was tweeting how he ought the sentence recommendation for his friend roger stone was unfair. he said it is horrible, cannot low this miscarriage of justice. and a few hours later the attorney general changes the

recommendation, reduces the sentence that career prosecutors had mad my question, is the conduct, the vior, is it getting more extreme since the impeachment process? phil: it appears toe d it fits a pattern. we have seen again and again that when this president escapes accountability, when effectively on trial as he was before the senate andscapes without legal consequence, conviction, he becomes more emboldened. he believes he is above the law. he does not listen to counselors and advisers. stead, he follows his gut, says what he wants to do. he is not worried about the consequences. advisors told this week they believe the president is so comfortable doing what he did with roger stone because the

judy: you had senator lusarill alexander, collins, who said they thought the president would f learnm the experience. based on your ryoorting, how do see that? phil: the lesson he took away from the impeachment is that it is ok for him to do what he wants to do. that is how he is proceeding to govern, it is w those around him expect them to continue to govern in the monthshead. he is in a tough reelection fight and seems to be willing to do whatever it takes to perpetuate his power and self-image. that is the pattern from day one that we document in is book. the northstar has been his image and what is best for donalmo trump in thant. judy: today we are learnpeg that in ah in new jersey john

kelly maki stements about president trump's call to the president of ukrofne. what muchis impeachment process was about. john kelly saying what he asd for was illegal and those who call the president out on this and said it was wrong, like alexander, vindm forced out of the white house the other day, he sd he was doing his job. he went on to criticize policies. why did it take more than a year for someone like john kelly to speak out? phil: it is a big deal john kelly spoke out the way he did in tt university speech. it has taken so long because he fears retributiones from the ent. so do others who served this president. they know he retaliates againsts any s of betrayal and has no tolerance for people who will speak ill of him. ere is a sense, including

among jim mattis, that they should be honor bound not to criticize a sitting president while in office. that is one of the reasons matus gives about not talking about his experiences with trump. but carol and i talked t officials in an anonymous cacity and they shared their truth. it was alarming for us to discover and alarming for people to read about. judy: rick --e you hx tillerson is the one person who confronted the president in that meeting at the pentagon, the briefing and the secret room called the tank,he president blew up at the generals, did not like them, called them losers, dope and babies, would not go to war. rex tillerson confronts them m t secretartis does not. do you think he will at some point? phil: he may. the explanation we got was that matus is genetically a marine

and follows the chain of command. commander in chief and ato the military setting in front of joint chiefs of staff was something mat was unwilling to do. it was vice president pence. the president called t war in afghanistan a loser war. did not confront the president about that, which arspeaks to the f so many, about his moond whims and anger. judy: is there anyone who dares to speak up to the president and challee him? phil at this point i am not sure the is. the people who challenged the president to steer him to a different course in the early years are mostly gone and have been replaced at people who see

their jobs as enabling the president. they are not exactly the guard rails. they are the secretary of state who allows rudy giuliani to do this shadow diplomacy with ukraine. they allowor military aid to be withheld for aeriod of time. judy: phil rucker, the book, along with you and carol leonn ig, a very stable genius. thank you. ♪ judy: tomrow marks two years since the deadly shooting at marjory stoneman douglas high school in rkland, florida. a former student killed 13 oustudents anded 17 others. almond wasooks at active shooter drills which are

acticed in more than 90% of public schools nationwide, and the controversy surrounding them. na: those drills are intended to prepare students and teachers protect themselves in the event of an armed intruder, but yesterday, thetwo - two associations joined with an ou of kiss he -- advocacy group to change or end those drills. for more, im joined by the american federation of teachers. weneome back to thehour." t to be onlways gr pb amna:ai you there is a traumatic effect on students, lack of evidence these drills are working. what specifically were you hearing and seeing the lead you to believe they were doing more harm than good? force made up of a lot of rank

and file teachers. frankly, who have been through this. like people from broward, sandy hook. theyave experienced their own school shootings or have been with people who have. unfortunately we haveoo much evidence of what happens in the aftermath of the sch shooting. about six months ago when we were having one of our regular meetings, a couple people started talking about how these active shooting drills have ge awry. it is like reality tv and this simulation of an intruder and a classroom, then u saw the sty from indiana where they lined teachers up execution style with pellets. started getting very

concerned that the consultants and safety industry was trying to create simulations that belong on tv, notn schools. what was happening is that kids and their teachers were getting rely traumatized. we spoke to other people who said the same thing because 96% of schools are doing active shooter training. then you started hearing teenagers saying they are morene conc about this than anything else. there was a lot ofcenecdotal evid between every town, we g together and said, stop. let's rethink this. amna: want to pause and look at what we're doing. i want to make sure peopleta unde. 15 years ago -- lockdowns of been around a long time. 40% of schools did them. five years ago 95%. is there any standardization? does it differ what a

four-year-old here's vers a teenager? >> yes. we are saying, let's make sure we do not do more harm than od. we know we need to prepare schools for emergency situations, just like fire drills. you do not simulate a fire in a fire drill. let's separate out lkdown, emergency preparation, where kids need to know where to go, and active simulation. if there are active simulations, and we are sayin rethink this, but if tre, number one, parents have tbe informed and students and teachers, in advance. this is a simulation, not rea life. number two, we have to make sure there is a real joint preparedness so a lot of people

are in on what we are trying do. number three, it has to be prage-riate and we have to instruction or counseling. amna: after the fact? >> even before the fact. if half kids in the u.s. come to school right now with trauma so if we do something triggering something else, we are really hurng kids. judy:ou throut the conversation around active shooter drills it is worth pointing out these are rare incident of all the gun violence stuffs, less than one percentage pointap of thesen on school grounds. are these drills necessary? >> that is part of the reason we are saying we have to rethink this. if they are going to be done, they have to be done unde these situations. i think we should be spending --

schools have to be welcoming and safe environments. we should bepending more time making sure we have red flag laws. meaning, see something, say something. amna: even ough these are rar events, kids are scared. a study showed 57% of teenagers said they are worried about the possibility of a shooting. one enforce a very worried. only 14% said not worried at all. what we need to be doing to make sure kids feel safe in school? >> i am talking about well-being first. we h meet kids where they are and find ways for them to be safe. that is part of the rson whyar esmore traumatic than what they are trying to solve. if god forbid there is a shooter , peoplfigure out in a split second where they are supposed to be and when and have practice and muscle memory they

will do it instinctively. we cannot do that without simulating an active shooter. that is part of what we are trying to do. we have to help kids feel safe and feel like school is safe, not i the fear i think we seena trs feel the fear of it because we are doing so much ofiv this a shooter drilli that it is reinforcing this could happen in your school tomorrow, as opposed to spendinthe time getting underneath the emotions. amna: brandywine garden, thank you for being here. >> thank you. ♪ judy: tonight's brief but spectacular comes from poet -- born and raised in san francisco

, his writing offers a critique of the rapid gentrification. the latest correct -- collection of poems, helen is all goodbyes. -- heaven is all goodbyes. >> i was born and raised in san francisco in an interesting time of transition, a time when the corporate-ocracy was descending. institution still belonged to us. he felt we had the keys to the building. along the way i got bought up and i am in the city that is in a strange and permanent occupation in which even the wealthy seem to be incarcerated. wtok down the street in the bay area is really to walk through a dystopia.

it has the facade of this aesthetic of human evolution. but really you have superfluous conversation, bouncing meal to meal and the rest of us, tenant tenant. condos to tent cities. apparently too much of sanwa franciscnot there in the first place. this dream requires more condemne africans. state violence is down. or life is getting warmed up or armyife is looking for new church and ignoring suggestions. they have not made up their mind who will be their friends and this is theorstdamn town yet. i will borrow a cigatte anyway. a storyteller's prison sentence. this is my comeback face.

i took the toilet with mew it at the first bus i saw. it through -- flew through and to the side of the white house. we brought you enough cigarette filters. my role in the bay area besides hanging on for dear life is to do what i can to transform culture, that facilitates oppression to resistance. i taught in prisons, youth homes, even psych wards. everywhere are conditions are bad. a lot of what i pull into my thcraft, from disciplines of art, looking at john cole train, jimi hendrix, trying to figure out what ma them tick. ,laying with patterns of logic

and does not require the same cultal landmarks for anybody to engage. in that way, a poets craft lasts a long time. my name is tongo eisen-martin an this is my brief but spectacular take on poetry as revolution judy: you can find more brief but spectacular pieces on our website at pbs.org/newshour /brief. that is "newshour" for tonight. join us onlinew and tomor evening. thank you and we will see you soon. >> major funding for thepbs newshour" has been provided by -- >> before we talk about your investments, what is new? >> audrey is expecting. >> twins. we want to put money aside from them. >> let's see what we can adjust.

>> change in plans. >> are you painting again? if you could sell these. let me guess, changin plans? >> at fidelity a change in payns is athe plan. >> american cruiselines. bnsf railway. consumer cellular, colet, the ford corporation. and by the alfred p. sloan foundation supporting science, notegy and improved performance. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions.

>>nd friends of the newshour. >> this program was made possible by contributions to your pbs stationrs from viewe like you. thank you. >> this is pbs newshouwest and from test from theashington walter cronkite school of journalism from arizona state university.

♪ ♪ ♪ u - you know, i grew cooking in the '70s out of mastering the art of french cooking, great recipes and obviously the world's best cooking teacher but in the 21st century, some of those recipes just don't make it-- boeuf bourguignon for example. sauté the meat in batches, you make a mess on the stovetop, those little tiny onions, and you end up with aone-note . so i'm not making that. but there are plenty o from the french repertoire that i still makesthat. that are absolutely terric. a be stew with orange and olives