captioning sponsored by wnet >> sreenivasan: on this edition for satuay, february 15: the latest on the coronavirus. in our signature segment: a vital tuna industry strules to stay afloat amid a perfect storm of obstacles. and, the intersection of politics and architecture in north macedonia. next, on pbs newshour weekend. >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. sue and edr wachenheim iii. the cheryl and philip milstein family. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zuckerberg. charles rosenblum. we try to live in the moment,ot

toiss what's right in front of us. at mutual of america, we believe taking care of tomorrop can ou make the most of today. mutual of america financial group, retirement services and investments. additional sport has been provided by: and by the corporation for vapublic broadcasting, a p corporation funded by the american people. nand by contributo your pbs statiofrom viewers like you. thank you. ch from the tnet studios at lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan >> sreenivasan: good evening and thank you for joining us. the u.s. government is preparing to evacuate about 400 americans tomorrow night from the "diamond princess" cruise ship, quarantined at a japanese port for the past ten days. those passengers will have to spend another two weeks in quarantine when they return to the u.s. so far, 285 people on board the ship have tested positive for the virus and were sent to japanese hospitals.

today, malaysian health authorities diagnosed an 83- year-old american woman with the coronavirus. she arrived in malaysia after being on board the "westerdam" cruise ship, currently docked in cambodia. the ship was turned away from multiple countries, before more2 than passengers and crew were allowed to disembarkno yesterday, whene showed symptoms or tested positive. in france, authorities announced that an 80-year-old chinese tourist died of the virus, the first death outside of asia, and the fourth outside mainland china. the chinese government reported 143 deaths and more than 2,600 new cases of the coronavirus in the past 24 hours. defense secretary mark esper told a panel at the much security conference today that he believes a peace agreement l with the talibks "very promising." a seven-day reduction in violence is expected to be formally announced torrow and, if successful, it will be followed by a u.s.-taliban peace deal.

but esper did acknowledge today that there are risks. >> we have to give peace a chance, that the best, if not only way forward in afghanistan is through a political agreemen and that means taking some risk. >> sreenivasan: esper and met with afghan president ashraf ghani yesterday to discuss the details of the plan, which includes the gradual whdrawal of u.s. forces. there are currently about 12,000 u.s. troops stationed in afghanistan. the nevada democratic caucuses kicked off today with early voting that runs through tuesday in more than 80 locations. candidates campaigned throughout the state to get out the vote, in what they see as a wide-open race. the 60,000-member casinoer wo culinary union, the state's biggest union, decided against endorsing a candidate,mo an state officials have remained neutral. early voting cards will be delivered to precincains and counted next saturday, the daof the nevada caucuses. in a continuation of its crackdown on so-called sanctuary

w cities and states, the "rk times" reports the trump administration is planning to use agents froan elite tactical unit, known as bortac, assist immigration and customs enforcement ents. us now for more on this border patrol swat team and the sanctuary issue is caitlin dickerson, a national immigration reporter for thes. "new york ti >> bortac is an elite portion of the boder patrol. they undergo specific training. it's similar to amy rangers or to special forces. they're sniper certified. they have grenades. they're called flash banagsht can obscure what you can see when they break into your home. they carry large weapons. th're very much a militaristic squad from within want border patrol. it was bortac agentkewho bro into the home where eli gonzalez, involved in an

international asylum scandal. but they molso, nore commonly, they're breaking into stash houses that smuggling organizations are running. these are places known to be full ofd drugs a weapons and dangerous people and breaking down the door to get them out. >> sreenivasan: is the city of san francisco or atlanta or housn or chicago or new york, are they planning to take and steps to try to figure this out, because this is a deral jurisdiction, the gornment has the right to put these agents into place. these are aeady police partments that are not government. with the federal so what happens here? >> i think what we've seen up until this point, when local mayors get involved and they don't like the enforcement rctics of the administration they make al effort to let people know so they don't come outside. it'snmportant to point out this case. we talked about all the capabilities the bortac agents have, but a lo they won't be able to use. they're enforcing civil immigration infractions. that means they don't have the

legal ability to break into o someone's ho force their way into their place of work to try to arrest thm. they're still very much going to be limited. so local governmentsnd mayors of places like san francisco and also immigrant advocacy groups have gone a long way to try to educate the undocumented about their rights as a way to try to operation like thi.s of an >> sreenivasan: is there a timeline or a goal associated with thikind of escalation? >> this particular operation is planned for three months, and a lot of times, the arrts happen on weekends. they happen in the middle of the night. they happen early in the morning. and i ink what i can expecis when the operation ends, i'm going to get a press release pointing out, "look at this lenton who has a vio criminal record who we arrested, that person who has been deported many times who we arrested." the thing that we want to pay attention to as well, as reporters, are the collateral arrests which are becoming more and moresoommon. hat's where, essentially, someone is in the wrong place at the wrong time. these ice agnts are targeting

people who they believe to be inals, wve they belo bemportant targets for deportation. but if you're in someone's house when they're being arrested or you're at thr placof work when they're being arrested, you dould also be swept up in the enforcement net that will absolutely be the case of this operation. enivasan: reporter, thanks so much. >> thank you. >> sreenivasan: for our full conversaon with caitlin dickerson, visit www.pbs.org/newshour. >> sreenivasan: there's a pitched ttle under way in american samoa, an island territory of the united states2, 0 miles southwest of hawaii. the fight is one for economic survival, with a perfect storm of looming challenges threatening the viability of t territory's one essential industry. correspondent mike taibbi traveled to the frt lines to bring us this report, whh was supported by a grant from pacific islanders in communication. ♪ ♪

>> reporter: morning prayers at the start of the old cannery's 6:00 a.m. shift. charlie tuna's cannery:st star some 2,400 workers troop to this 56-year-old operation every day. ♪ ♪ "let us celebrate," they sing in unison. o "ble workers," implores a supervisor, adding, "as well as our leaders and management." those leaders of an iconic american brand serve a company that's now owned and managed b a south korean conglomerate, dongwon. inside the cannery, trays are loaded with several of thawed, cooked, cooled, and rey to process tuna. >> skipjack, bigeye, yellowfin and albacore. he reporter: the trays are rolled to the stands, where most of starkist's employees, explains government relations manager archie soliai, do the hardest hands-on work.

>> 70% of that workforce is we're skinning, ta out the bones. >> reporter: once cleaned,t's measured by hand into pouches, a packaging option gaining consumer popularity; or by automation into cans, the old standby. we process close to two million cans per day. cans, individual cans. >> reporter: plus, tons and tons of fishmeal, oil and otherdu by-ps used in agriculture, medicine and nutritional supplements. it's an output that's kept starkist at the top of the consumer tuna pyramid for most of the company's existence, and that, from the early60s, made charlie tuna one of theg advertisdustry's enduring icons. >> whatcha doing with it, charlie? >> sending it to starkist so they'll notice what good taste i got! >> reporter:ut today, starkist's dominance, as well as its very existence in american samoa, is not just at risk, it's at the cff's edge. the main problems? a declining market generally for

processed tuna products, down 40% in the three decades ending in 2017; an american samoa-in mandatedum wage for its vast workforce that's three and four times the wage paid to cannery workers in other countries in the region like thailand; a $100 million fine levied against starkist lastbe septafter the company admitted its role in a price-fixing conspiracy, with potentially crippling consumer lawsuits still pending; and finally, an increasingly bitter dispute over which boats get to fish which waters. consider these locally-based longline boats, boats over 100 feet long, that ool out miles of line and thousands of hooksgl in a sset, often returning with more than 30 tons of prizeo alba tuna. they've fished this way for decades. carlos sanchez is a veteran longliner, but he's in the process of giving it up. >> all my boats are for sale. i have seven boats, and they are >> reporter: you h hope

for the industry? for the-- for the-- >> we have no help for th industry. >> reporter: in 2002, the u.s. federal agency national marine fisheries service banned large- boat, as well as even biggerez's boats called purse seiners, from fishing within 50 erles of an samoa. those close-in waters wererv re to protect a handful of local small-boat fishermen,sh called alia men, from competition from larger boats. traditional subsise fishingsh that's nouri these islands for centuries. >> behind this is a ridge here. it's another good fishing grnd. >> reporter: alias like ma'atulimanu sausi maea, mostly a charteand sport fisherman. >> once you allow thtobigger vessel to-- to enter the 50-mile zone that's-that's native to the local, traditional alias, then-- then we will be out ofish. barely i can catch. sometimes i go out, i don't--

i don't catch nothing. >> reporter: "nonsense," insist longliners like vincck and rasela feliciano. the alias hardly need a 50-mile limit. d >> the ali't go out that far. they can't go out that f. b i mean, they cely go out three miles, you know, and then come back. and so, there's this-- there's this water that can be accessible to us, to-- to help us, but we can't have access to s. >> we are americoans. we're not foreigners. you imagine how it feels like to be an outcast in your own home. you kn's-- it's-- it's a terrible feeling. >> reporter: feelings on all sides ha been hurt and have hardened into lawsuits. >> you're right. there's a war going on. >> reporter: the territory's director of marine life resources, henry sesepasara, u tothe courts will have to pick the winner-- the alia interests he supports, or nee big long that he says are interested only in profits at the expense of any traditional interests. >> we could come outto some compromise, but they don't

want that. they don't want nothinto do-- wiith us anymore. >> reporter: and there are other restrictions, other soreign nation's rules and hefty fees determining o can fish where. it all means the fishable waters for american samoa-based boats e fewer in number and further away. that favors the biggesboats with the greatest fishing range and the biggest storage holds for the supply of tuna that starkist needs. the vast majority of the fish processed at this cannery are brought in by purse seiners, which, as the name implies, is a vessel that drops a huge purse, or net, into the water, anth in course of a single fishing trip, can bring in as much as 1,500 tons of tuna. but will starkist continue to rely on the big purse seiners that supply 80% of the fish the company processes here? the richest fleets of these larger boats are exploring less erexpensive canneries else especially the boats from one country. >> the chinese fishing fleet has grown from 80 boats about tenye

s ago to about 550. >> reporter: that's not competition, that's annihilaon. i mean... >> yeah, it's widely known that they subsidize their fets. their industries are heavily subsidized. and the further out they fish, the mo uneconomical it is for them to bring the fish back. >> reporter: for now, these, local longlineping for a miracle they can't envision, steam further out than they want to, often going without insurance or repairs they can'to just to c the fishing-trip costs they say are crippling them. each trip takes a month or more. to $50,000. >> reporter: juseave port? >> just to leave pt. $50,000 is $30,000 in fuel, $5,000 in food, oil... >> reporter: what is your maintenance cost? >> that-- that, every year, costs me $100,000.or >> rr: per boat? >> per boat. >> reporter: they all say their end of the fishery, that's long sustained them and the families, is in freefall. >> i have lost more than a

half-million dollars, and i cannot continue like that.or >> rr: and while these longliners say it can't go onan like thiwon't, starkist has made clear that its choices are limited: cut the workforce way, way down; shut down this cheration for good and relocate to a country witper labor costs like thailand; or declare bankruptcy. with each option, the longliners lose. >> sorry, charlie. >> reporter: as we stand here today, none of you know whether or not there's going to be an announcement in the next week, the next month, the next six months from starkist, saying, "we're out of here." >> no, we don't know. >> wdon't. >> we don't know. >> right, we don't know when, bllut we know it appen. >> reporter: you've already, in your own mind, concluded that >> yes, that's the way it'so go? going to go. >> reporter: and if starkist shuts down here or goes under altogether, well, here's where all sides in the cannery's fight to survive agree: disaster for american samoa. that's because through all its history here, starkist has been an employment multiplier.

for just about every job here, business or company thatide supplies or depends upon the cannery. >> with an island of 55,000 people, we're talkg abou 4,500 jobs. >> reporter: losing all those jobs would be devastating enough, but the macro-view is even more grim. the only way to keep shipping cos d fuel and electricity fprices do an island where everything comes in by container is to have a dependable supply of some product to ship out. >> the cannery is able to providreturn cargo for those freight vessels that come in. the freight rate is still high compared-- when you compare it to the u.s. level, but, you know, it's still mod you look at it, you know, in-- ingi the . and if the starkist volume goes are, you know, that those numbers will increase about 40%. >> reporter: longline fishermen we spoke to say thatre afraid they're going to wake up one morning and the decision will have been made, "that's it," that there's no way for em to fight.

they're right, aren't they? it could happen that-- that suddenly? it's highly possible, yeah. >> reporter: where do you guys stand on all those options that are out there? >> mike, i think that's above my pay gre. but what i can say is, you know, the company's looking at, you know, all opons. i think it's fair say that, you know, this-- it comes downci to a business on. >> reporter: and, because starkist is the biggest private employer in american samoa, that wilbe business decision that's felt across the entire region. >> sreenivasan: the newly-named north macedonia is one step closer to becoming the 30th member of nato after a unanimous vote this week by their parliant in favor of membership. e is comes after a protracted dispute with greer the country's previous name and even its architecture. it's a political crisis which, as newshour weekend special vesay reports, is reflected in

the skyline of the capital city of sko be. ( churls ringing ) >> reporter: you might not expect big things from the capital of a landlocked balkan thuntry that's smaller tha state of new hampshire, but skopje, north macedoniht surprise you. there are the typical tourist sites like this ancient fortress, and a spra ottoman bazaar where the local specialty, macedonian s, are sold by the bag-full. these pale green "zeleni piperki" are on the hot side. but what really makes skopje special is this. and this. and these. hundreds of statues, and classical-looking but actually brand-new facades on dozens of buildings in the city center. what's the name of the square here? >> macedonia. >> reporter:acedonia square. >> yes. >> reporter: nikola srbov, a historian and advisor to the state archives, says this was all built by the government just a few years ago, a proje

called "skopje 2014." the idea was to give a felift to this formly communist city, boost national pride and attract tourists, too. >> ( translated ): in a way, the city has grown into something more beautiful than it used to be. >> reporter: museums and government buildings boast columns and marble look-alike facades that are meant to look hundreds of years old but arete less tha there's also a triumphal arch and two new bridges ache varda river that have on them about 30tatues each. not everne has been impressed. the "new york times"d the remodeled city one of the "kitschiest" capitals on the planet. to.ists we met seemedemus >> it's amazing. we never-- we've been in more than 36 countries. we've never seen this number oft s everywhere. >> somebody mentioned that this monument, disneyland monuments. monuments?r: disneyland yes. zlot of comments happen.

>> reporter: zorv is the head of north macedonia's ruling party. he was prime minister up until recently. he resigned la month after the country failed to win membership in the european union. he says thbuilding project, which was launched by the country's previous right-wing nationalist government, partly to blame for settg the country back. >> i don't want toomment the style, but i always comment to spend one billion euro. >> reporter: one billion euros? >> yes, for that monuments a museums in the center of our capital, it's really stupid. it very wrong for developing country where is a lot o people. >> reporter: in fact, whileto ism numbers are up in the last several years, it's still a very small percentage of the country's economy. the average net inco here is only about $450 a month. when you walk to the back of the building, you see, well, it's not exactly what it seems. peing behind the neoclassical

facades gives a glimpse of the reality of how people live. insulation in most apartments and homes is so bad, heatingan cost up to half an average salary. in just one hour south of skopje, the issue isn't fake cades. >> cultural heritage to all of us, and it should be something that unis us, not divides us. >> reporter: archeologist goce pavlovski is working on research and protection of the ancit city of stobi. here artifacts like these church mosaics date back to 400 a.d. >> the games would start in the morning. >>seporter: even older is t roman theater. and older still, ruins of structes dating to the time of alexander the great. for pavlovski, it's all part of a bigger picture archaeology, he says, shows how people in the region share a single heritage. modern borders are a kind of political mirage. and who gets to claim this? who gets to say, "this is my history"? >> humanity.y i would manity. you-- you don't claim history. history is there. history is not the property of

certain nations. territory where peive.he so, the rulers can change, the countries can change, their bordercan change, and the history stays there. >> reporter: as for all the statues in skopje, well, ty're subject to history, too. o >> part ur citizens are in favor to take out these monuments, to take it out.ep >>ter: it's that controversial. >> to put them in other places. and that cost money it's not easier to do-- to do it. every dollar, every dinar for us is very precious to find solutions for everyday problems. every mone what we have it, we must put in our health system, in our education system, new jobs for o young people. that is the high discussion in our society. >> reporter: zaev hope if his pro-western party wins in upcoming electns this spring, it will help renew the chances the country will be admitted to the e.u. building friendships, he says, is more important than building monuments to the past.

>> this is pbs newshour weekend, saturday. >> sreenivasan: today marks what would veeen susan b. anthony's 200th birthday. in honor of her and this year's centennial anniversary for women's suffrage, a unique event kis off today in new york city. newshour weekend's karla murthy has more. >> reporter: the park avenue armory was built in the late 1870s for the seventh regiment of the national guard. its reception rooms and drill hall served as a military facility and social club. today, the armory is dedicated to supporting unconventional works of art in this unique historical space. in honor of the 100th anniversary of the passing of the 19th amendment, which gave r some women tht to vote, the armory is hosting a two-pard event ca100 years, 100 women."ow >> we hat women artists exist in our world, in our city, and-- and having an opportunity

to aing them together in-- in a large space felt like a special moment. >> reporter: along with ten other cultural institutions, the armory will commission 100 women artists whose work wl be showcased later this spring. >> we want to encourage people to bring their daughters, their mothers, their-- their husbands and sons, and to explore this question of, how far have we come-- or not-- you know, in the last 100 years and use this centennial as just a spark for conversation. >> it justeemed like such a great idea because you're going to get a hundred points of view on this sort of important century. the history of the armory was very male-centric. therwere no women at those meetings, so it's always interesting when we have artists here because i think they know, they feel that contrast, that they're bringing something new-- a new time, a new history, a story about the armory. it's kind of great, just women in the drill hall, 100 years it's really exciting, actually.

>> sreenivasan: we will have a look ahead to next saturday's nevada democratic presidential caucusb on tomorrow's adcast. join us for that, and a new look at the 1965 cambridge university debate between james baldwin and william f. buckley on nd inequality-- issues that resonate 55 years later. that's all for this edition of pbs newshour weekend. i'm hari sreenivasan. thanks for watching. have a good night. captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: bernard and irene schwartz. hthe cheryl andp milstein iii. family. rosalind p. walter. barbara hope zuckerberg. charles rosenblum.

we try to live in the moment, to not miswhat's right in front of us. at mutual of america, believe taking care of tomorrow can help you make the mo of today. mutual of america financial group, retirement servicesnd investments. >> consumer cellular offers no-contract wireless plans that are designed to help you do more joy.he things you whether you're a talker, a texter, browser, photographer, or a bit of everything, our u.s.-based customer service team is here to find a an that fits u. consumercellular.tvo additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the iand by contr to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. active 60-y active 60-y activey