♪ judy: good evening, i am judy woodruff. on the "newshour" tonight, preparing for an outbreak. what we know and what we do not. we tackle questions around the coronavirus as markets crater due to fears. i sit down with former mayor michae bloomberg who says his presidential candidate -- campaign is more than just the money he is pouring into it, it is about managing the country's biggest city. >> they t have no idea hrun things and address real issues and get teams together and make decisions when there is no right answer. for most of tse things there is no right t answer,t is what nagement is about. judy: plus, life after isis.

former members of terror groups return to their home countries and neighbors fear the possibility ofepeat radical violence. >> they feel they will be stuck. now as they have returned, they want to have a life here. judy: all that and more on tonight's "pbs nour." ♪ >> major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by -- >> on an american cruiselines river, travelers explore classic antebellum homes, civil war battlefields, and historic american towns. aboard our fleet of victorian-style battle wheelers and riverboats, you canen expe local culture and cuisine and relive american history.

american cruiselines, proud sponsor of "pbs newshour." ♪ >> fidelity investments. >> colette, bnsf railway, conser cellular, carnegie corporation of new york, supporting i education, democratic engagement and the advancement of international peace and security at carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and to contributionour pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.

judy:meency measures are spreading across the world tonight in a race with the viral outbreak that began in china.es that cs infections and deaths surged again across asia and the middle east and as 1,200 point loss in the dowmost jones industrials average, tunderscoring worries abo larger global economy. after the markets closed, therer weorts of a whistle-blower at the department of health and human services, raising concerns a dozen government workers were sent to meet the first infecteda ents coming to the u.s. from china without proper training or protective gear. first, amna nawaz reports on ndblic health efforts here abroad. amna nawaz: across the world, governments and citizens are taking steps to contain the spread of coronavirus, known officially as covid-19

in iraq, health worker sprayed disinfectant on the kufa mosque, a major destination for muslim pilgrims. japan said it will close all schools until late march. and, iitaly, the military is stopping vehicles from entering quarantined towns like turano, after more than 300 people were infected witwethe virus this roberto speranza (h translator): italy is the country that is making the most checks. we have isolated all thetr positive casesked all the people who have had contact with these positive cases, and we are following how e outbreak develops with the utmost attention. amna nawaz: covid-19 has now spread from its epicenter in sohan, china, to six continents. outside of chinah korea has the highest number of cases, the government the far. launched roadside testing units, but amid long lines for masks, officials are under fire for their response.th lee yong-dukugh translator): when it comes to disinfection, we would like the

government to do it more often, but it has been done only twice. i started seeing officials disinfecting the market only after the virus g,arted spreadnd it feels like they are always one step behind. amna nawaz: in iran, 26 people have died so far, the most reported deaths outside of china. some import restrictions have been eased, like hand sanitizer and masks. but one tehran resident accused the governnt of downplaying mohammed rezi khani: the internet says it's very dangerous, but television says it's nothing serious, it's ju c a simpd. as a citizen, i haven't been able to tell which one is telling the truth. amna nawaz: the head of the world health organization warnee at a press cnce today in geneva that the outbreak is at a decisive point. tedros adhanom ghebreyesus: our message continues to be that this virus has pandemic potential. and who is providing theerools to help country to prepare accordingly. this is not a me for fear.

this is a time for taking action now to prevent infections and save lives. amna naw: back in this untry, president trump continued to reassure americans of the government's response, p tapping visident mike pence to lead the administration's coronavirus task force. but during a press cnce last night, the president contradicted the message from top federal health officials. pr. trump: no, i do nothink it i inevitable. it probably will, possibly will. it could be at a very small leveor could be at a larger whatever happens, we're totally prepared. amna nawaz: at least 60 people in the u.s. have been infected fiar, including one person in california, who als say had no travel to china, nor contt with an infected person. criticized the admtrationi today for slashing its public health budget, but said congress will appropriate more money. rep. nancy pelosi: we're coming close to a bipartisan agreement in the congress as to how we c

go forward with a number. that is a good start, but we don't know how much we will need. amna nawaz: enate majority leader mitch mcconnell said today the senate will vote on that funding in the next two weeks. with the virus now reaching at least 48 countries, and mounti concerns about whether it will eventually spread wider in the u.s., we wanted to foc on some important and key information about covid-19. dr. peter hotez is ainfectious disease specialist at the baylor college of medice. he's in houston to help us with some of those questi dr. hotez, welcome back to the "newshour." one of the biggest questions we hear again and againwerom people isnow it's a respiratory illness. we know it's highly contagious, but how is it spreading? person?s imove from person to peter hotez: well, thanks for having me on. unfortunately, because this is a new virus agent, there's more we don't know than we do know. we think it's highly likely that

this virus is transmitted by what we call droplet contact. by that, somebody sncozes or hs and releases micro-droplets into the air that either lanon surfaces that people will touch with their s and bring to their fac or the droplets will directly contact to the face, and they will rub that into their mucous membranes of their eyes and nose. that's probably a highly likely mode of transmission that we see with other respiratory viruses. is it also airborne? so many people are surprised to learn th most respiratory viruses are not rborne, by that, being on small particles in the air that can travel for several feet or meters. it turns out that not many viruses do that. we know measles does it. that's one of the reasons'hy 's so highly contagious, why chicken pox virus does it, why that's so contagious. we think there's a possibility this may also be truhis coronavirus, in part because so many people are getting infected so quickly. as it very high what we call reproductive number of up to four. that means up to four people get inlcted if a single individ has it. amna nawaz: so here's the other thing we're hearing again and again from people is, they

rendly want to better unders how dangerous the virus is, if you become infected. we have ard the president and others compare it to the flu. ishat a fair comparison? peter hotez: there are some similarities to the flu, certainly, but there's some important differences as well. from the studies in wuhan, thete case fatality the mber of people who died because they beme infected is around 2%, or one in 50. no somewhat questioned in the last few weeks, because we know there are people with low-grade symptoms maybe we're not fully accounting for. however, the world healthdr organizationbruce aylward, came out a couple of days ago, and he says he thinks that 2% number is real. and that's a pretty significant mortality rate, because a typical seasonal flu, for instance, which still kills a lot of people in the united states, as the president pounted last night, will kill around 0.1 to 0.2. so we're talking about sometthng is maybe 10 to 20 times more lethal than typical seasonal influenza.

so, that's really concerning, the fact that it's so highly transmissible, and it has thhi case fatality rate. so i think we're going to be have to be watch this very closely, especially in the unit states ek the coming amna nawaz: so, people are out there hearing puciic health ofs, not just in the united states, across the world, bacally saying, you need to prepare for a pandemic. it's a question of when. and hear about, ok, wash your hands all the time, cover your mouth when you cough. what else should people be doing? should they be buying masks? should they be cancelil internationatravel? should they be stockpiling medications? what do you recommend they do right now?ho petez: well, so that's the big question. the good news is, right now, we're not seeing a significant level of transmission in the u.s. so we still have time. and, remember, it's not as if we're going to be going no transmission, no transmission, then one day there'has going toe the country infected. it's not going to work like that. if we're going to start seeing an uptick, we're going to hear about focal areas n transmissionfew selected cities.

and, gradually, that will increase. so i think we still have a ttle bit of time. at this point, i'not canceling any of my domestic trips. i do recommend that, if you're on prescription medicines, you might want to start stockpilingn those prescripedicines. don't go raiding stores at this point. i wouldn't even cancel major now, having said that, a week from now or 10 days from now, i may be telling you a different so that's realortant that you're mindful and keep in touch with the news about what's happening, because this is a .rapidlchanging situati >>ha you for helping us with that. now, a sweeping new selloff on wall street, the dow jones plungednt nearly 1200 p the largest single day point drop ever to close at 25766.

the nasdaq fell 414 points, and e s&p 500 fell 137. all three indexes were down more than 4%. th f're down at least 1m record highs earlier this month, wiping out more than $2 trillion of value this week.' we' now officially in a market correction. and this is the fastest one to happen in 50 years. liz ann sonders is the chief investment strategist for charles schwab and company. and she joins us now. welcome back to the "newour," liz ann.ar you dr. hotez talk about all the uncertainty around the coronavirus. there are many questions we don't yet have answers to. is it clear? do we know that that uertainty is leading to these market drops? itliz ann sonders: i thi's not only the uncertainty, but the fact that the most recent experience we have withmi something r was when we had the sars outbreak in 2003. and i think the most important difference, and maybe why this is more severe, is that chi's wtare in global economic g has quadrupled. and their consumer has become a much more integral part of global consumption.

so, that, plus the complexity of supply chains, howntegrated everything has become in terms of production, that, i think, adds to the uncertainty. we don't know the timing of this, and the severity of the significant.ty companies immediatfected, some obviously, the ones you would expect, specifically around travel with the news of quarantines and travel restrictionsround the world. how bad is the impact so far? and where else how wide do you think those ripple effects will go? liz ann sonders: well, we have seen analysts trim their estimates for corporate earnings for 2020. but that's with very little information from the companies, because the companies themselves aren't armed with the ceinformation to give guids to how big of a hit to earnings. so, the cuts have started. there's probably more to come. but ofere's really no sens how deep we have to go before we finally see some stabilization. : so, obviously, the severi of this drop is causing concern. the speed of this drop

liz ann sonders: right.rn. amna nawaz: but is it fair to say that, in some ways, there was a lot of anticipation thatld the market wull back at some point, some kd of news event or some world event would trigger that. in other words, was this just a correction waiting to happen? liz ann sonders: to some degree, i think, yes. i wrote a repo for our clients mid-january that talked about investor sentiment havingotten probably way too complacent, too much euphoria and optimism. up and that setulnerability, to the extent there's some sort of negative catalyst, which clearly has been the case. so i think there's been this somewhat necessary re-rating and bringing down some of that optimism. unfortunately, though, what we also havhappen is that there was a lot of momentum-driven trading happening in the market, a lot of big institutions, more professional investors that play on rising momentum. well, momentum then reversed, and we have that same force now sort of chasing momentum on the downside, which means that the move on the upside may have gone a bit too far, and we could get to a point where the m the downside goes a bit too far. but that's the nature of the market right now.

amna nawaz: so, liz ann, a lot this largest pointre focused on what's important to understand about that? liz ann sonders: we really have i don't want to dismiss the. negative feeling you get when you have a 4% drop. but, for instance, the crash of 1987 was only 500 points on the dow, but that was 23%. we are now in correction territory, which meansishe drop ore than 10% from a high. but, to put that in context again, not to dismiss the pain investors are feeling but, on average, since the inception of the s&p in 1927, we have had about one correction of that magnitude every year. o so, we do havet it in percentage context. amna nawaz: that is liz ann sonders of charles schwab and company. thanks for being with us. liz ann sonders: my pleasure. ♪ vanessa: i am vanessa ruiz at newshour west filling in for we will return the program

after these headlines. a major new military clash has erupted between turkey and syria. the turks a 33 soldiers were killed in anirstrike in idlib province in northwestern syriad they retaliath artillery. the u.s. state department is reasing a statement saying "we stand by our nato ally, turkey." the country sent thousands of troops to idliba to storian offensive that has driven one million refugees toward the turkish border. in india the death toll reaching 32 from fighting between hindus and muslims d in officials urged column aselhi they patrolled streets with. shops. riots erupted over a citizenship law which ignores muslim refugees. california regulators increased pacific gas & electric's fine for igniting deadly wildfires to

$2.1 billion. some of the funds will be allocated to people whofa lost ly members, homes and businesses during18 the 2017- wildfires season. federal officials ordered the university of southern california today to make major changes and handling complaints of sexual abuse. the u.s. education department found usc failed for years to address allegations by hundreds of women against the former caus gynecologist. dr. george tyndall is facing many cases of sexual abuse. former baltimore mayor catherine pugh faces three years in prison for a scam involving children's books. the veteran democrat aren't hundreds of thousands of dollars books.ulent sales of the she pled guilty to conspiracy new numbers show more and more people in the u.s. are getting heavier and heavier.

the cdc reports 42% of americans are obese. that is a 40% increase over the last 20 years. nearly 10% are severely obese. that is 10 times more than 50 years ago. still to come on the "newshour," speang with presidentiall candidate mich bloomberg, and when jihadis come home, and much re. ♪ >> this is the "pbs newshour," from weta studios in washington d from the west, the walter -- school of journalism at arizona state university. judy: now we turn to the democratic race.

before the steaks climb on super tuesday. lisa desjardins: mae democratic h toward a nominee is now ais multte sprint, starting in south carolina, which votes saturday, and where billionaire businessman tom steyer today focused on rural votes. tom steyer: honestly, this whole state couldn't have been nicer. lisa desjardins: a new monmouth eruniversity poll shows st virtually tied for second place in the state with vermont senator bernie sanders in the state, but both are well behinid former vice ent joe biden. ortanshia palmer told me why it's steyerer. tatanshia palmer: i think that tom, with his economic policies, actually grow this community. lisa desjardins: also storming the palmetto state today, formee sout, indiana, mayor pete buttigieg.d: crlet's go joe! lisa desjardins: but biden is seen as the leader here, stressing his health care vision as an extension of president obama's. former vice prident joseph biden: i'm not suggesting we start from scratch or something new. nn i'm g to protect it and to build on it.

lisa desjardins: last night, at a cnn town hall in chan, senator elizabeth warren said she's ready to fight all the way to the convention, even if meone else has more delegates. sen. elizabeth warren: as long as they want me to stay in thi' race, i'staying in this race. that, and i have done a lot of pinkie promises out there, so i got to stay in this. i have told little girls, we persist. lisa desjardins: otherwise, though, the pack is spending more time on the 14 states that vote on super tuesday, like north carolina, where sanders made a get-out-the-vote pitch to his strongest supporrs, the young. sen. bernie sanders: on t tuesday, supsday, you are going to be voting here in north carolina. i'm here today to ask not only for your support, but to ask you to bring out youfriends, and your family and your co-workers. (cheering and applause) sen. bernie sanders: i'm asking you to help create the largest voter turnout in the history of the north carolina primary.

(cheering and applause) lisa desjardins: and 1,000 miles away in the super tuesday state of texas, former new york city mayor mike bloomberg is fighting the sanders' hold. michael bloomberg: ifant somebody who has the resources to beat trump, that's me. (cheering and applause) lisa desjardins: indeed, bloomberg voter rodney shipp told "newshour" he thinks sanders' ideas a unrealistic. rodney shi: i get that, when bernie comes and says all these things that he's going to do, free health care, eeebt, and college, and i don't know if all that is practical. lisa desjardins: minnesota senator amy klobuchar held events in both north and south carolina thursday, including a voting rights roundtable in greensboro. sen. amy klobuchar: we shld be making it easier to vote. we hould have national reforms. lisa desjardins: time is getting sort, and the candidates still are many. for the "pbs newour," i'm lisa desjardi in south carolina. judy: this morning i sat down in

houston with former orw york city mike bloomberg as he was making his texas swing today. our conversation delved into his campaign y and his 12r record as mayor. we began with an urgent issue playing out as we speak. the u.s. government's response to the coronavirus outbreak. mayor michael bloomberg, thank you for talking with us. mike bloomberg: thank you for having me. the coronavir, rising concerns, spreading rapidly around the world. japan closing down schools. you have been critical of president trump, you said he buried his head in the sand, let go of the entire team that was supposed to be working on this. yesterday he named vice critics saynce, w does not have expertise in this my question to you, as somebody who knows something about it is, would you appoint a czar to

oversee the coronavirus if you were president? mike bloomberg:ou i have one in place all the time to address issues like this. anyout just bring in somebody. vice president, i met him once. we shook hands. but he was one of those people who said smoking has nothing to do with cancer. he does not have the knowledge new york city is i had a person, sswhole department, that was there to addresss like swine flu virus and air after 9/11 when people were breathing that air and many came down with cancer. d hurricane sandy. these are things you do not all a sudden respond to. you put people in place and you practice and have plans. whatif do you dhis or that

happens. you test out strategies, what to do with people with special needs or seniors in a home. it is the wrong way to go about it. he dismisses -- i think 16 hundred scientists left the ministration since heame to office. there is nobody there. judy: congressional democrats are asking for $8.5 billion. the administration asked for $2 billion. mike bloomberg: the issue is, what do you want to do? i can tell you the number if m u tellwh to put in place, which people, which agencies, how to run its, how to respond. then you look at the cos it is the health of america. whatever the number is you need, that is the number to come up with. we are going about this backwards. we are arguing about m hey

instead o to save lives. judy: i want to ask about the campaign. the general consens is you did better in the second debate. mike bloomberg: i joked about, they would be afraid of debati me because i did so well on the first. judy: were you ill prepared for the first questions? mike bloomberg: no, i knew what we were talking about, i was prepared to discuss an issue to tell you what we should do and how i would be able to do it. y i get there and it wasrst debate.

mike bloomrg: they went through bloomberg training program and they di well. anthey were all legislator had no idea how to run things and address theeal issues and get teams together and make decisions when there is no right answer. most of these things there is no right answer, that is all about. judy: some of your television ads depict you as being close with president obama, yet there is no record of havingndorsed him. in 2008, apparently in the final days of the campaign in 2012 mike bloomberg: that is true, but in 2009 i was a big proponent of obamacare, gave conference of mayors.ational

nobody would a with what one person does 100% of the time, but i voted for h twice, i voted for hillary. i spoke to the democratic convention in favor of hillary. judy: [indiscernible] mike bloberg: the vicps president kaying he did i athese things a running against the vice president. obama.ot running against barack i am running against joe biden. i was out there doing things. joe did a good service for the country, but not running things. that isot what the vice president does. the president and the president's chief of staff do the implementation and making policy and t vice preside is a spokesman for the country. joe did a good job, but it is not the same thing. judy: you are saying the ads are a correct portrayal of your relationship with obama? mike bloomberg: yes, over eight

years. he is a friend. i have spoke to him a number of times since then. he ran t country, i was a neighbor -- mayor of new york city. given the size of new do a lot of things together. judy: as mayor you got high marks for your appointments. including, high-powered wall street executives. my question,oi would you a some of those same types? mike bloomberg: absolutely, you want people with expertise. if youergoing to pick a secretary of treasury, you want someone who uerstands international finance. you do not want to pick somebody who has no knowledge whatsoever, for example in publicealth we were talking about earlier, i pointed to friedman -- tom friedman. he went on to run t cdc.

was a world expert inse infectious dis of course i would appoint somebody like that. judy: you are by some in the muslim community for your actions in 2011, the oassociated press reportia secret police surveillance program that targeteduslims, focusing on places where they worked, prayed, and socialize at one point under overicers were sent with the student to a rafting trip. you said it was justified to c keep tntry safe. there have been independent reviews since that showed not a single arrest was made attributed to the surveillance. mike bloomberg: that you are talking right after 9/11 when everyone was petrified of another terrorist at we were super careful to obey the law. number one it is the right thing to do a number two, we knew ople would be looking at it. we sent officerslinto mosques to en to the sermon the imam

gave. the courts ruled it was within the law,d the k of thing we should be doing. i do not rember the rafting trip. we were very carefth. authoritie looked at it said yes, you complied with e law but we had every intenti of doing everything we could gally to protect the country. we had just lost 3000 pple of 9/11. of course we would do that. judy: did you thinkt was necessary to single out muslim americans that way and would you do that as president? mike bloomrg: whether or not we looked elsewhere, there were a t of places weooked. we have an intelligencee department in lice department. heone of the finest inorld. we put an enormous amount of work into coordinating with

federal and state agencies to try to keep this country safe. there is no question of where the people who committed the airplane crashes and those who killed, where they came from. it is the natural place to go.bu i defendeding a mosque in new york city, which i got grief for, but i am a believer in freem of religion. weeed to keep our eyes an ears open to make sure nothing like this is going to ppen these are lives we are talking about. judy: to clarify, you are saying it is oto target muslim ericans? mike bloomberg: no, it is ok to go where you think there might be information that would be useful in keeping us safe. there were imams at that t we who publice urging terrorism. of course that is where you're are going to go.

it does not incidentally mean that all muslims are terrorists or all terrorists are muslim. but the people that flew those airplanes me from the middle east, and some of the imamser urging more of the same. of course we sent police officers in and we were super careful because you knew people wod look at it and i did not want people to think we were targeting and ethnicity. we were targeting a group where it was more likely if people listen to the imams who were reputedly stirring things up. that is what intelligence is all about. you have to step back and understand we had 3000 people killed ines one, in a few min judy: but it was not a religion that killed them. mike bloomberg: no, but all the people came from the same place. they happened to be one religion. if theyappened to be another religion i would have done the same thing. judy: i a want to taut the

nondisclosure agreement with the three womr accusing of impro conduct. mike bloomberg: you apologized and said the me t movement is a good thing. mike bloomberg: a good lesson for all of us. should not have happened. hopefully we he stopped it. judy: what has it meant y to personally? i have heard women said, what was it about what peoplengere sand doing in the 1970's, 1980's and 1990's they should not be doing now? as a powerful man -- mike bloomberg: my girlfriend was in the west speaking and somebody said something and she said she had worked for three dr foferent wall street firms during her career, and she will tellou, it was a rough world. women were not treated fairly, suffered from discrimination and tuse, at sort of thing.

she expressed her views. her attitude was to put her nose to the grindstone and keep working, worked through it and fight back. she came out ok. judy: she was quoted as saying, should just get out. mike bloomberg: that is her attitude. i cannot put myself in her position and how she felt, but she has firsthand knowledge. ifnyone i know has credibility to describe it to certainly does. i have come out with the same conclusion? i do not know, i was not there at the time. judy: and you are the father of two grown daughters. mike bloomberg: y. i do not remember having a specific conversation about that. my daughters are very dedicated and have their own views. neither one is a shrinking violet. they believe.and fight for what

i am very proud of them. judy: are you saying this changes what? mike bloomberg: i think the world is better. one thing i did, i company and said you will not use nondisclosure agreements ane n the company. we are the first large company in america do that. hopefully that will start a trend. in retrospect after listening to all of this, it is right. the three cases, only one of which resulted in a lawsuit, if i said things that ofamnded people, orry. i did not mean it in that context. i am only talking about m and i apologize for it and tried to do something about it. nothing else i can do. make sure they can come forward

if they so choose. judy: mayor michael bloomberg, thank you. you can watch my full interviewo with mikeberg, including his reaction to the controversial stop and frisk policy, on our website, pbs.org/nehour. ♪ judy: stay with us. coming up on the "newshour," the author of dark tower, on the scarred bank that helped fuel the hundreds of foreign fighters whc fought for isl state are languishing in jails. president trump would like european nations to follow the example of kosovo and bring them on trial. many europeanountries fear fighters will commit terrorist

acts if they arellowed to return. malcolm brabant reports from kosovo, where some ex-jihadis say they have reformed. warren we just left the capital -- malcolm: we just left kosovo. he has just come out of jail and he says he wants to talk. i am working with an award-winning journalist. citizens.anned participation of if they participated in these terrorist organizations or in foreign wars, they face jail. reporter: after islamic state was deated, kosovo government transported back to these hills four jihadis and wives, widows and children. he has bn trying without success to persuade a returning extremist to talk. >> they feel they will be stuck

with us and seen as demons in this country. as they return, they want to have a life here. reporter: heading to the cradle of kosovoad jm. this town produced many of the 400 kosovo fighters who joined islamic state, and bestowed the country with an undesirable reputation for radicalism. before he left foryria in 2014 he was a distribution manager he was radicalized aftwa hing online videos about syria. he said he joined a militant oup that was absorbed by forces of syrian presidentgainst bashar al-assad near the border. he quickly became disillusioned and returned to kosovo after a month. he spent time in this high-security jail after being

convicted of belonging to islami state. >> they took me to prison at the worst period h of my life,e says. let'get out of here, do the interview somewher else. we drive for 20 minutes. he brought shame on his family, his relationship disintegrated. he seeks atonement while justifying his legacy. >> everyone wants to remembered for something he has done in th life. th forever.t values die reporter: we stop at a nearby mosque. u a terrorist? >> i am not a terrorist. isaumt me to be a good person, not a terrorist. reporter: did you ever decapitate anybody? >> ner. reporter: what was your motivation going to syria? >> above all, it was due to

compassion for tfose who called help. i went there because i saw tony were aband by the world. they were muslims and who cares about them. reporter: what atrocities did you see? >> i have not atrocities because to get their confidence for having access toh e sites, you need to spend trusted as a person. to be reporter: it has been about a year since president trump appealed to bring back jihadis and their families from prisons and camps and what was curtis stan and -- k -- cause asked on -- kazakhstan. passports were taken away to sure they do not go hom he is one of many theologians working to diffuse religious

fanaticism of returng fighters. so far 120 have come back. reporter: when we clarified the contentious religious areas they understood their beliefs were based on illiterate understandings and were wrong. i hope the meanings and lessons contributed to religious beliefs being reformed. reporter: but isn't that naive? are they just telling the imams >> based on my judgment and the ntacts i had with these guys, taking into consideration the global trend, i do not see that they caused danger from radicalism in kosovo when they get out of prison. reporter: these are the foreign fighters that president trump wants europe to take back. the video, obtained by a war correspondent last year, is of a kurdish prison in northern

syria. the kurds struggled to contain them. they faked sickness of a c orade and tookver accord or for being subdue can militants ever be changed. eyave met all the returning kosovo fighters, who he admits still have potential for violence. >> they have experience on the balefield. different kinds of trauma. [indiscernible] they are a risk toward national security. we cannot guarantee these people [indiscernible] reporter: foreign diplomats worried when jihadis finish short jail sentences they are not required to attend de-radicalization programs, nor are they plad on probation or compelled to live in halfway houses, which they say kosovo'st

system see be working so far. >> it is hard to change behaviors of each individual. we can be successful in the long term. reporter: thus far only 16 hadis have returned to the town. the mayor says not all were hard-coreri ters. but there is unemployment here. the mayor is worriedis not enouh being done to help them reform. >> as a municipality we do not have a single cent allocated for this category. if we had the financial means to help these people open ssbusi, because we have people who are experts in their fields, it would be good. otherwisehey remain in their houses, isolated. they will rain on the street and represent a risk.

reporter: the town's repentant fighter wants to help. what can youib cone to help the radicalized people -- to help de-radicalized people? >> many are in prison and i cannot do anything when they are have to cope with my own issues, but i can help others. reporter: kosovo hoping to repatriate a second batch of extremists. they are criticalun of other ies who refused to do the same. >> if they do not rern them, do not rehabilitate them, they are not preventing reporter: is it finished? >> no, i do not believe they are done.

the isis i read about, the one i was close to, which my group cooperated with, is not done, though i which -- wishard was the case. reporter: it will take time to timebomb it has wiyiffuse the imported. the rest of europe is watching with trepidaon. urfor the pbs newsin kosovo. ♪ judy: the fallout from tin 2008 globalcial crisis revealed some of the world's largest and most powerful banks were deeply involved in an array of risky the economy.t helped bring down germany's giant deutsche bank took a particularly aggressive

tack, the consequences are still reporter: deutsche bank but gone railroads, helped bankroll the nas in the 1920's. as global finance went bank joined the game, became in a banker to russn oligarchs, iran, and the principal lender to donald trump before he ran for office, after he had gone bankrupt. by 2008, it was one of the three largest banks in the world.n we havecovering the bank for years. y the st now in one place. deutsche bank, donald trump and a trail of destruction. start off with the bank's

beginnings. >> it was founded in 1870. itas usually lending to big prcompanies trying tod their wings internationally. it was a conservative lender most of its first 12 decades. it was running for the nazis, the exceion approved the rule. reporter: it helped fund auschwitz. >> it helped fund the construction of auschwitz and a that used poison gas i auschwitz. it helped with the aryanization process, getting rid of jewish bankers. ey were very much a party to genocide. reporter: when did they become a high-risk highroller? >> this 1arted in the0's. they watched as one big american bank after another started developing huge wall street franchis

starting to win business from german companies a the german government. deutsche bank, the champion in germany, it said if the wall street firms are coming into germany, we should be going to wall street. they acquired a couple investment banks, hired thousands of investment bankerse ill lynch, lehman brothers. they built a virtually from scratch and overnight, onef the biggest, most aggressive wall street had ever seen. it went head over heels recklessly trying to compete. reporter: lotsre of banks went lessly at that point. by 2008 the only two that were larger do not exist anymore. >> that is true. it was a cature of thera in which it was operating, aperiod -- a period where all the rage

in washington, london, were very ch operating under the assumption big, private companies could look afterhe themselves andovernment does not need to interfere. reporter: why the relationship with donald trump and when? >> ite started in late 1990's. deutsche bank was trying to make a name for itself on wall streetts buildrand in the u.s. there were much more established banks. donald trump at the time defaulted over and oveagain for his businesses from a wide array of banks. he was off to the mainstream financial industry. he needed banks with higher tolerance for risk. desche bank needed clients potentially on bankable to normal institutions, so they were made for each other.

reporter: both trump and deutsche bank's loans to trump made money. >> it depends how you calculate. deutsche bank loaned on the order he defaulted on one. that cost deutsche bank's clients money. the a other w huge loan to finance the construction of a chicago skyscraper in 200 which trump defaulted on5, in 2008. another arm of the bank came in and bailed out its other arm by making another loan to donald trump. thut essentially wipedhe loan. this has not been a money losing enterprise for deutsche banc. they charge higher fees, because he was on bankable to any other institution. from trump's standpoint this is enormously helpful. he would not have had the

business empire he had today, would probably not be in the white house tay, if not for that. reporter: whahe really not be president without the relationsh with deutsche bank? >> that is impossible to measure. he would not have been able to go on the building and buying spree, where it not for deutsche bank. whether converting an old post office building to a luxury hotel,omething he used repeatedly as a prop on the campaign trail, building a skyscraper, the resort in florida. the list of things orump has builought due to deutsche bank is a long list. he used deutsche bank as a prop. when people like hillary clinton would say you have a horrible record as a businessman, no banks will tou you, he could say one of the world big as banks is very hpy with me as a stomer. reporter: this is during the era

of innumerle scandals -- enumerable scandals. >> they were evading taxes, bribing people, violating sanctions. deutsche bank has been at or near the center. reporter:xecutives of deutsche bank knew what was going on. >> they sometimes participated and tried to deal with bad behavior. of the topxecutives went so far as to give a video message saying to communicate out wrongdoings. that became a viral sensation. he was not saying stop misbehaving, he was saying stop communicating and writing aut

your misbehavior. reporter: but it waslaved by seve employees. it did not go under in 2008. >> a number of traders made a huge b the u.s. housing market would collapse and they took betso him profit off of tha and that saved deutsche bank. the book is "darkowers." thank you. reporting matters so very much. that is the newshour for tonight. i am judy woodruff. join usnd againnline. for all of us, thank you and we will see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newsho has been provided by -- >> before we talk about? ? your investments, what is new >> audrey is expecting twins. >> we t wantput money aside for them. hat we can adjust.

>> change in plans. >> are you painting again? >> at fidelity a change in plans is always part of the plan. >> american cruiselines. bnsf railway. consumer cellular, colette, the ford corporation. working with visionaries on the front lines of social change worldwide. and by the alfred p. sloanon foundaupporting science, technology and improved performance. and financial literacy in the 21st century. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions. >> and friends of the newshour.

>> this program was maderi possible by cotions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank yo >> this is pbs newshour west and from our bureau from theton walter cronkite school ofsm journarom arizona state university. ♪ >> you are watching pbs.

♪ ♪ - today on milk street, we're going to explore the cooking of north africa. i we stamarrakesh. we make a tangia, which is a meat stew with and sorts of spicesreserved lemons. and then we go to cairo and walk the streets to find two great vegetarian dishes. one is a spicy cumin and coriander potato dish, and the other is eggplant in a spicyauce. so, stay tuned as we explore the cooking of north africa. - funding for this series was provided by the following.