captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the newshour tonight: at capacity. some hospital intensive care units in hotspots like florida aand texas are nearly ful covid-19 cases continue a summer surge. then, after a weekend of gun violence in cities across america, how police anher officials are responding to the spate of shootings. f us, more and more evictions. a growing numberericans who lost their jobs during the pandemic are n being forced out of their homes. a what we're seeing now i significant bump in the nonpayment of rent cases. and a lot of that is related to people being unemployed during covid-19, during the shutdowns >> woodruff: all that and more, on tonight's pbs nshour.

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communities. more at kf.org. >> and with the oning support of these institutions: >> this program was made possible by the corporatiofor public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thk you. >> woodruff: new covid-19 infections are on the rise in 42 states, as the total number of u.s. cases nears the three million mark. in the hardest-hit areas, hospital intensive care units are filled to the brim with patients, and communities are grappling with testirtages and delays. john yang begins our coverage. >> yang: the burden of new covid-19 cases is still growing, with 28 states today reporting spikes in hospitalizations.

in florida, more than four dozen hospitals say their intensive care units are completely full. governor ron desantis dug deep into those numbers for a silver lining. to as we've seen more traffic ospitals, we're seeing a smaller number of patients from .onger-term care facilities admitt hd so, look, we obviously would like to not e, to not have anyone admitted, but those residents of the long-term car facilies, when they are much higher rate oality.ch so to see that decline is something that's very, very positive. >> yang: cas in florida have now topped 300,000, but that hasn't stopped officials from pushing to reopen the state. on monday, the state's education commsioner ordered schools t reopen in the fall, a move the president trump said today he hoped will be mirrored across the country.

>> what we want to do is, we want to get r schools open, we want to get them to open quickly, beautifully, in the fall. >> yang: harvard is amonmany colleges and universities saying that, beginning this fall, all instruction will be online. that's a problem for international students. u.s. immigration and customs enforcement says students at schools that are fully online won't be allowed to enter the country,nd, if they're already here, they'll have transfer to an institution with at least some in-person instruction or eae the country. that tns the visas of more than a million students-- many from china. e day, china's foreign ministry tried to offer ssurance: >> ( translated ): china is now closely following the u.s. moves on relevant policies and will make utmost efforts to protect the legitimate rigs and interests of chinese students in ie u.s. >> yang:brazil, president jair bolsonaro, who from the stset dismissed the threat of the coronavirud he has tested positive for covid-19 and is taking hydroxychloroquine, a otlaria drug president trump has

touted but haseen proven against coronavirus. >> ( translated ): it started on sunday, july 5 with a certain feeling of unwell, that worsened during t day on monday july 6, with malaise, tiredness, a bit of muscle pain and a fever. >> yang: over the weekend, he attended a fourth ojuly celebration at the u.s. embassy hosted by ambassador todd chapman. photosf the two showed no evidence of precautions like distancing or masks. today the embassy said chapman, a career diplomat, had tested negative. even though brazil has the world's second-highest number of cases-- behind the united states-- it does not have a coordinated national policy to contain the virus. european countries that imposed ugh restrictions early on are already eyeing a return to more normal life, from pubs in britain to the newly-reopened louvre museum in paris. australia, once considered a success story, is again cracking down.

its second largest city, melbourne, reimposed a six-week lockdown in an effort to beat back a new surge of infections. >> i think a sense of i think that each of us know we've got no choice but take these very, very difficult steps. >> yang: a recognition thaarthe virus isrom being fully contained. john yang.s newshour, i'm >> woodruff: this afternoon, president trump saidout was "ridic that harvard will instructions online, an he accused the school of taking the "easy way out." we will ta a closer look at the reopening of the nation's k-12 schools later in the program. in the day's other news, the trump administration has officially notified coress and the united nations that the u.s. an withdrawing from the world health oation, despite the ongoing covid-19 pandemic. but, the withdrawal cannot legay go into effect for at least another year.

40e u.s. has previously contributed overmillion a year to the w.h.o., more than any other country. later, the presumptive democratic presidential nominee, joe biden, tweeted that he will rejoin the w.h.o. on his first day as president. the democratic mayor of atlanta said the city doesn't need national guard troops to protect it, after a weekend of gun violence. last night, republican governor brian kemp sent the troops to patrol the streets, after he declared a state of emergency. we will examine the re gnt spike violence across the country, later in the program. one person is hospitalized after a driver sped through a protest in bloomington, indiana, late monday. the driver struck two people as demonstrators protested an assault on a black man at a lake over the weekend. vauhxx booker said a group of white men attacked him july 4th, and threatened to "get a noose." nos attorney spoke to reporters

this aft. >> i can confirm that an official investigation has been opened up by the f.b.i i believe it has been approved by the united states' atrney's office, and they are investigating this as a hate crime. >> woodruff: authorities are still searching for the driver of the car that struck the two the f.b.i. sounded the alarm today about the growing number of threats emerging from china. its director, christopher wray, highlighted several areas of increased ijing aggression, including targeting u.s. military technology and economic coercion. he told a washington think tank caat the increase in chinese s at the bureau is eancerning. >> we've nowed a point where the f.b.i. is opening a new china-related counter- intelligence case about every ten hours. of the nearly 5,000 active f.b.i. counter-intelligence cases currently underway across

the country, almost half are related to china. >> woodruff: wray also urged chinese-born people living in ffe u.s. to contact the f.b.i. if chineseials try to force them into returning home to china. he said it is part of a chinese coercion program designed to silence criticism of beijing's polies. new york regulators fined the german lenr deutsche bank $150 million for its dealings with the late sex offender jeffrey epstein. it is the first disciplinary action against a financi institution over business with the financier. epstein killed himself in manhattan jail last august, while awaiting trial on sex trafficking charges. at least 55 people have died in southern japanfter torrential rains and floods swept across the region. a dozen others are still missing. in some towns, floodwaters submerged cars, and the record-

breaking rain triggered landslides. meanwhile, rescue crews rushed to evacuate residents. members from the police, fire00 department, and japan coast guard are on a search and rescue possion. oucy is saving people's lives first, and we will make our very best effort in our mission. >> woodruff: some three million evacuate kyushu, j third- to largest island. a bus crash in china today killed at least 21 people. the bus lost control and plunged into a reservoir in a southwestern city. just completed thelegets who had entrance exams. back in this country, it was primary day in new jersey and delare. many voted by mail on account of the pandemic. official rults won't likely be announced until next week. meanwhile, in ah, the results are in from last week's republican gubernatori

primary-- lieutenant governor spencer cox narrowly defeated former u.s. ambassador and ex-governor jon huntsman. details emerged today about a new tell-allook written by mpesident trump's niece. mary ta psychologist, alleged that her uncle is a narcissist, and at he paid someone to take his s.a.t. test for him. she wrote, "no one is less cuuipped than my uncle to manage" thent crises facing the nation. the whe house called the memoir "a book of falsehood." it is set to be released next week. the european union has projected a deeper-than-expected recession from the pandemic. it now forecasts the bloc's economy will shrink 8.3% this year. meanwhile, in the u.s., stocks took a dive on wall street today. the dow jones industrial average

lost 397 points to clo 25,890. the nasdaq fell nearly 90 point the s&p 500 shed 34. still to come on the newshour: the debate over when to reopen phools in the fall. moreple are facing eviction from their homes in the midst of thpandemic. what is driving the recent spate of gun violence across the country? and, much more. >> woodruff: across the country, pants are wondering what t next school year will look like ththeir children. decision of how to reopen, and when, will ultimately be up to state and local officials. but, that is despite president trump saying at a white house event today that he would pressure governors to reopen

schools this fall. to we hope that most schools are goine open. we don't want people to make political statements or do it for political reasons. they think it's going to be go for them politically, so they keep the schools closed. way. so we're very much going to put pressure on governors anod everelse to open the y hools, to get them open. and-- it's vportant. it's very important for out country. st's very important for the well-being of thent and the parents. >> woodruff: meanwhile, in a virtual hearing on c hill, the president of the national education association offered a different view. she said that america's educators are alarmed by wha they are seeing from politicians. >> ty see people who are to that school witherace back in oper plan to distance, to disinfect, to have the p.p.e., to have the health checks and thcovid testing.

they'll be at risk or put their own families at risk, eir teachers and the lunch lady and the janitor at risk. and so, we are scared. >> woodruff: it is a balance that policy-makers and educators across the country are weighing. to discuss the push to reopen schools, i'm joined by noel candelaria. he ithe president of the texas state teachers association, which represents about 60,000 and i'm joined by elliot haspel. he's a former elementary school teacher and education policy expert from richmond. we welcome both of you to "the news hour": mr. noel candelaria, let me start with you. at this point, what are texas -- what, 5 million public school students facinn is it knet what the plan is

yet with regard to opening schools? >> no. the commissioner wants the schools to be reopened and educators nt to start the school year up here in august. what we don't have yet clearly is a plan, an outlined plan of omt just from the state but school districts across the state as to standards that we can all expect to back into when it comes to our schools. we hige had districts now looking at only doing remote learning and some districts are planning face-to-face and some are planning hybrid models but there's no consistency across the space. >> so elliot has spell, president trump as w know is urging school systems, educators to open up. he says it's good for the ntudents, good for the schools. what is knat this point about the argument for opening the schools in september? >> so i think it's important to realize that the argument is nuanced; right? like opening schools where there

ioe spiking transmilevels like texas and florida is a place like michigan which a yesterday recorded zero deaths from covid and only 103 new cases. so sometim a lot of states and different modalities matter. but it boils down to we know foo elementary s students in particular the children themselves seem to be a prettyri lo for catching covid. there's evidence that points to the fact that young kids don't transmit to other young kids or adults at higher rate so where there isn't a high level of transmission it may be latively safe if you have all of the precautions in face and if you're fully funded to me sure that you have the ppe and all of those things, particularly with young students to get back. and the trade off is that it could cause harm to their emotional well being and as well as educational well being but in me ways that's secondary to the cost of their holistic well

being. >> from the educators from texas, do you see a difference between what it's going to be -- going to take to be safe for the younger children in the g elementades versus children in high school or middle school? part of the challenge that we have had is that nt enough tucators have been part s conversation when it comes to putting plans together inlace at the locallevel. educators are the experts in knowing and understanding student movement across the campus, how students move from campus to the restroom, from the school bus to home. and with all tof these tha are utitical pieces, putting a well thoughtlan together will affect the middle school, middls school and hiool level. in texas we have schools with as few as 50 sdents and schools with as many as 6,000 students in them. so obvously those plan are going to differ from community to community based on the school's needs. what we're not seeing right now is clearly outlined plans to ensure all of the safety for

students, for the educators and inally the community as a whole thers that are going to ligage and act with the neighborhood pschools. things elliot has spell thet the schools have to have in place in order for schools andor the parents to feel safe and for the faculty and teachers to feel hefe. what are essentials essentials schools have to have? >> there are a few things. we know that masks and ppe is important. that is essential. with the new recommendations the american academy of pediatrics tricks, world health organization have put out saying it's just abou t as goodo have three feet of distance between the students and the c-d-c ys 6 feet bu with 6 feet it's almost impossible to get a fullr clm so the three feet is the way to having full classrooms. and it important that it's three feet with a mask. articularly for elementary

school and middle school students being able to have enough mlks that is rly important. we need to make sure that we have a staff we want it to be good. any teacher feels that they're able to stay home and kno their class will be taken care of. >>s you listen to this, noel ndelaria, is this the kind of thing that will make teachers in the state of elxas afe going back, this debate t?out 3 feet versus 6 f the question about whether masks are required? what's going to make teachers feel safebout going back in the classroom? >> it's not just talking aut the masks. it's talking about social distancing, how do we ensure y-oper social distancing within the o-day movement the classroom. io also need to be talking about ventila lot of teachers here in texas, you know, are fearful because of, ou know, over the majority of our schools haar 30 o30 to 40 years old. so proper ventilation in our schools has always be an issue, even prior to the pandemic. there's always a shortage of

supplies and we don't have enough staff -- a lot of our schools are without school nurse right now. a lot of our districts haven't nurse on every campus, tohool provide for paper towels to dry your hand a washing stations, even prior to the pandemic, most of our camses have had transitions from paper towel to aidryers which our advice is should not be used during this pandemic because it will spray ov the campus. so there are so many things that areht now our campuses struggling with when their anrying to plan out openings to schoolnot having the supplies and equipment that they need or the staffing that g is go be needed to properly clean and disinfect the schol. and right now authorities are llowing a model that's been laid out with on custodian for, you know, about 500 or 700 equare feet which is not going to manageable right now when you have to do thorough cleaning on surfacethat will be touched

by various adults. >> judy: elliot has spell, everybody acie the great thing would be to get children back in the background. back in the classroom. but the reality is there are these concerve. when you the white house saying we really want this to happen. we know we can't require schools to open m-- hh -- how much pressure do you think school systems will be under? >> i think th're going to be under animmense amount of pressure. and it's rlly unfortunate. this is not one of the issues at should be comment critical but it already has. we saw that with the flori commissioner of education quiring all of the schools in that state to just -- that are ouseriencing an enorm retbreak right now in transmission tote plans to open. there's the conservative author nathan glass that wrote in a piece recently that says anyone that says all schools should open or no schools should open is either foolish, historical or

pushing an agenda. maybe that's fairly accurate. i think we have to take this community by community and, you know, by really leaning into the local context. >> wthave cainly going to be keeping an ion this and many decisions yet to be made. i want to thank both of you for alking about it with us today. elliot has spe noel candelaria, thank you very much. >> woodruff: it isf the federal government's signature efforts to help small businesses weather the covid-19 pandemic. now, there is new data from the trump administration about the paycheck protection program, or p.p.p.--he most detailed information yet about some of the forgivable loans it has issued over the last 3.5 months. iniially, there were questions over whether the program had enough funds to aid all of the small businees that requested it.

later, there were questions about which businesses were intting the loans. lisa desjahas been digging into this new data, and she ins me now. >> so, lisa, you have been through all of this material. there's a lot o it. ucat did you learn about who got money and how they got? incredible troll data. was an for someone like us and persons rmth like me, it was incredibly inive. let's just look at the big we learned that 4.9 million loans were given out in this program since april. at, of course, is historic and unprecedented. those loans are connected to 51 million jobs at businesses across this country. now, jude judy, some of those companies said they didn't save any jobs necessarily. proprietors or coue beenle

companies that didn't use the money for payroll. now, more than 3,000 of those loans were large, over $1 million. as i said, judy, this is extraordinary data. we were particularly able toet very detailed information about the largest groups of loans -- loans over $150,000. now, that's not most of the loans. most othe loans were smaller than that but they were0 still 600,ans that were of that size. so the government released the names of every business that received a loan over $150,000 and where thoseusinesses are. judy, i ran through the spreadsheet and here is a map of where those businesses were. you can see where the greatest need was for small business help and thenining up withhat you see of course in new england where the largest number of case evers were early on in this virus. it's not just about the help here. you see states like wyoming and

rth dakota that were experiencing a fumble crises even if they didn't have the virus. this is where they were hit hard by international factors during the virus. the light yellow states are the ones that received the fewest number of loans. and judy, in brigt red, washington, d.c. that is the place where we saw the greatest number of all business loans this program per capita. so it tls us a lot about where this need was. >> judy: fascinating. about the big, big copsbrows companies that got some of this money. wh did you learn about that? >> reporter: right. as i mentioned some of these loans weres in the milli dollars and there were questions about where that money went. this is supposed fob for small businesses, businesses of 500 fewer employees. let's look at where some of this gney went. it couldto nonprofits. some churches were able to get these loans, somechools including for profit as well as nonprofit organizations. on the other hand ofhe spectrum, some national chain

restaurants like p.f. changes and 5 guys that have hundreds of stores across the country were able to get money as well as name brands and celebrity brands like kanye west -- how did they get the money, especially the larger companies? congress made an exception in this law so that any company that had franchises, separate businesses in separate locatns could file each location as a small business, and you see some of those largen restaurant chais did that.ot r restaurant chains returned this money and we will have to see if these chains keep it or not. >> judy: lisa, another question what did you see in terms of who received money, o h political connections out there> ight. it was important to look. and in spite at the top of the list is nte presi him himself. om is known as a businessman. and we saw trump partner organizations like the hotel in waugh kiki, for trump

example, received at least $2 million. same thing, there was a new york w firm headed by a trump attorney, mike kazowitz got at least $5 million. trump properties and family members were prohibited gefrom ing other relief money in the cae pact but there's an exception for the p-p-p money. we also knowt hatast 7 members of congress received money through their businesses. aof course these are business people a all of them say this money went to help those businesses and their employees keep the payroll going. >> and just veryuickly, lisa, do we know if there's money left in this program to be dbursed? and is congress likely to renew this? >>e is money left. there's about $130 billn left. and a reminder that this money was intended -- limited right now to onlywo and a half months of payroll. we have been in the pandemic for three months. do it looks like the businesses that nd the money got it but they have used it. so the issue is if anoher roun

of this virus and another round of shut downs comes more money and maybe a lot of money will be needed, and we do expect congress to talk abt that when they return next week. >> so much material pour through, thank you very much for givings this look at this really important program. thanks. >> you're welcome. nd woodruff: during this ic, we hear it repeatedly from public health officials: stay at home. but many americans don't have stable housing, and as william brangham reports, a growing number of people are being forced out of their homes because they can't make rent. >> banghamoulike tens of nds of americans right now, rhonda anderson and her family are being e>>cted. t's stressful and it's hard. >> brangham: let's back up.

last december, anderson's family sts excited when they moved to north char, south she and her husbanboth found good jobs, and this nice rentalome close to work. but then, three months after they moved, the pandemic hit. anderson's husband lost his home restoration job when the virus and the shutdown dried up all his company's projects. >> my husband filed for unemployment. still didn't get no unemployment. so basically, it left me in a situation to do stuff by myself. trying to keep food in the house and try to pay the rent. >> brangham: rhonda took on extra hours at her job. she's the head cook at a local nursing home. these days, she's working up to 75 hours a week, but it still hasn been enough to make ren ou time-- something she's never had e with before. >> i've never been in this situation before, in any way, never. >> brangham: after paying the rent late in aprilnd in may, her landlord told her she was being evicted. >> i'm asking, how are you going

to evict us and we're still paying our payment? he said, "i just want y'all out of there,"nd we didn't know why.>> rangham: the landlord said anderson paid her rent late several times, and she was violating her lease because her0 ear-old son wasn't on the heitial paperwork. ad come to live with her when his college closed because of the pandemic. rue cares act-- the corona relief package congress passed forlier this year-- halted evictionanyone living in properties with federally-backed mortgages. a third of rentersnwide,o about and it's set to expi july 25. in addion to the federal protections, most states put a pause on all evictions when the pandemic first hit. but, those rules only postpone evictions. if tenants violate their rental agreements, landlords can stl evict them once the moratoriums

expire. and that's exactly what's happening now to people like rhonda anderson. when south carolina let its moratorium expire in may, it saw a spike in eviction filings, says charleston attorney nicole paluzzi. >> what we're seeing na significant bump in the nonpayment of rent cases. and a lot that is related to people being unemployed during covid-19, during the shutdowns. >> it's rely kind of a perfect storm. university's lavar edmonds studies evictions. he says they weralready a major problem before the pandemic. you can see rents have beenrs, increasing considerably, whereas incomes remain relatively stagnant >> brangham: in 2018, one in four renters in the u.s. put are than half of their income toward rent, aut half of renters have less than $1,000 in savings. >> they're paying rent, but edge of something goes wrong and now we've got a problem. >> brangham: and now what's pushinmany renters over that edge is the economic fallout foom the pandemic.

one recent surved up to a third of all renters weren't able to pay re in april. that's causing housing advocates to warn of what they see as a worst-ca scenario-- a spike in homelessness, right in the middle of the pandemic. that could eose more people to the virus, if they end up in shelters where it's very hard to social distae. but boston medical center's ng. megan sandel says not ha quality, stable housing is also tied to other problems like food ansecurity and increased stress. that can, in turn, trigger long-term physical and mental health issues. >> affordable home ilike a prescription for health. and nothing showed that more than during the epidic. and so, now is the time to double down on stocking that housing prescription. >> brangham: like many aspects of this pandemic, people of color are also most vulnerable when it comes to housing. blacks and hispanics in the u.s. e twice as likely to be renters as whites. and during the pandemic,

black and hispanic workers are more likely to have lost their >> black and brown renters are disproportionately likely to be extremely low income. seey're much more likely to be rely cost-burdened. >> brangham: diane yen ngesident of the national low- income houoalition. >> as we look towards this pote that's coming, that, too, will disproportionately harm black and brown rents. >> brangham: states and citi are already using federal emgency money for rental assistance. but housing advocates say much more is eded. earlier this year, houston's $15 million fund was tapped ou just 90 minutes after it opened up to applicants. landlords are pushing for more rental assistance, too. doug quattrochi is tcutive director of ma landlords, a trade association in massachusetts. >> landlords don't like to evict their paying customers, or their not-paying customers.

we want to have cust we want to have people occupy our housing. >> brangham: qttrochi says when rent isn't paid, small mom-and-pop landlords like him struggle to pay their own bills. >> even though there's a pandemic, we still have to pay for repairs. we have to pay for insurance, real estattaxes, which cover infrastrture and first 5%sponder budgets. f our members are insolvent, and they're selling their buildings to get out of the business. >> brangham: because of this ecndemic? >>se of the pandemic. plus the resulting shutdowns and the eviction moratorium. they can't operate anymore, and aey're done. >> branghaer going to court, rhonda anderson agreed to a deal with her landlord. the landlord would apply for cares act rental assistance to ver the missed june rent, and anderson would vacate the house at the end of the month. met, the eviction wouldn't go on her record-- thing that could have made it hder to rent in the future. but the quick move meant her familyad to go to a hotel. fortunately, it's only temporary. ut it'sound a place, not open up until after the holidays.

so we haveo stay in a hotel for, like, eight days. so that's how life is now. >> brangham: and as evictions pick up across the country, that's how life could soon be for thousands more americans. for the pbs newshour, i'm william brangham. >> woodruff: in addition to all the upheavals caused by the pandemic, social unrest, and heightened political turbulence, amna nawaz reports that this summer is also shaping up to be a bloody one in our cities' streets and neighborhoods. >> nawaz: from new york to california, atlanta to chicago, a july 4th weekend interrupted by gun violence, leaving dozens, including children, . >> enough is enough. >> nawaz: in atlanta, 31 people shot and fivkilled, including eight-year-old secoria turner.

atlanta mayor keisha bottoms: >> we are shooting each other up on our streets in this city, and you shot and killed a baby. and it wastht one shooter. e were at least two shooters. an eight-yr-old baby. >> nawaz: georgia governor brian kemp moved in the national guard in response. meanwhile, in washington, d.da, 11-year-oln mcneal was killed at a cookout aimed at preventing violence. d.c. mayor muriel bowser. >> this should not have happened, and it canp happening. we can't losing our children tvi senseless guence. >> nawaz: and in chicago, 87 people shot over the weekend and 17 killed. among them, seven-year-old natalia wallace, strucby a stray bullet while playing outside. >> there were kids riding by on bicycles, as we said, enjoying a fourth of july, as they should have been, and now this child is gone. >> nawaz: as some cities see a spike in gun violence this summer, the reasons why are now

the subject of debate. in new york city, where 64 people were shot over the weekend, and june homicides hit bill de blasio blamed the mayor pandemic. >> it is directly related to all the dislocation that's hapovned these last four months with ote coronavirus. >> nawazrs point to a strained police force as a factor, after demonstrations against police brutality, and reforms banning some us of force. new york police commissioner dermot shea: >> we need three things. i'm going toeep repeating it r people. e need support, we need laws that help lice instead of handcuff them, and then weeed resource >> nawaz: even president trump, in his july 3 mount ru speech, linked the rise in protests to the rise in violce. >> angry mobs are trying to oar down statuour founders, defaceur most sacred memorials, and unleash a wave of azolent crime in our cities.

>> nviolent crime, however, has n risen uniformly across the country or among cities, and many types of crime are down. we take a closer look at this recent surge in gun violence wi pastor mike mcbride, director for the "live free campaign," a faith-based vement comtted to reducing gun violence and to ending mass incarceration of people of color. and, thomaabt is a senior feow at the council on criminal justice and a co-author of the nationwide homicide study by arnold ventures, a philanthropy focused on criminal justice. judy: welcome to y y both and th both for being here. thomas about starting with you, these headlines get a lot of ntion, especially when you're talking be about the number of children that have been killed. but when you look at the, data is it dish from years past? help us with some ctext around what we have been seeing so far this year? >> sure. the stud my colleague richard roseeld and i performed,

looked at the impact hficide over the first five months of this year compared to theye thre average in previous years. and what we saw was, while there was a significant decline in homicides n april and in may as a result of the social dstancing muscle shoalses put in pla to the pandemic, unfortunately, the first three months of the year were quite violent. and in fact, at the end of that five-month period, we were up in terms of homicides compared to the thre-year average 6 percent and unfortunately, we don't have the educate yet but it look like june was even worse. >> pastor mcgrade let's put context on this from your end. what were seeing earlier in the year on the ground in the communities you have been working in for years to address gun violence and how does the pandemic affect what you were see. >> well, i think it's verypo ant for us to continue to to remind ourselves that gun violce and urban communities

foross the community, it's largelsed with a small number of individuals who are modriving disproportionatets of violence. woen during the pandemic many of our outreacers were deemed necessary essential worksto help addre the conflicts that continue to persist. so as we talk aut gun violence and with the right kind of resources and targeted interveneses, even during a pandemic, we know those who driving violence because caught have the exclusions solutions to ensure that violence does not spiral out of control. >> reporter: thomas abt, people are trying to undestand what hawas driving tearlier surge that you mentioned, some pointing to the idea that the demonstration against police brutality calling for an end to systemic racism fueled the violence in cities. is there any truth to that? does the data back that up? >> at the outset i couln't agree with mr. mcbride more.

ere are methods to addressing urban violence and eneed 20 step up our approach to those suggestions but i think your questions is an upper unfair critique and our ptests are a natural reaction to a highly publicized and terrible tragic incident, excessive deadly force, on top of years of a persistent ongoing problem that communities of color have been trying to call attention to literally for decades. i thin it's not t protests that are the problem. it's the underpolyince violence expifntle we have to knowledge there is actually a ennection between polic violence and community violence. >> pastor mcbride when you look at that connection that has fueled what we k hnow long been a cycle of mistrust betwe the police department and black and brown communities in america in is moment, when there's even more attentions, calls for broadereform, are you worried that mistrust is even deeper and in fact will actually fuel more

violence in some communities? >> no. cobelieve we should pivot this ersation forcefully to go beyond the conversation of mistrust and really have a who do we value?utalues. how do we ensure that ourudge demonstrates the value that we have and how then do we leve our tax base, our tax dollars to invest in those kind of populations that we value? the bigger issue around defunding the polic these other magnificent ideas that are being debated, it is a question of investment. it is a question of can we indeed believe that brack and brown communities that are fully invested in, so there is food programs, there are housing promise, there are job programs, there are healing programs -- first is putting 30.50 percent of our budget in police departments and it isn a quest of how do we invest in people and public safety that keeps people at the center?

so i just want to continue to push our imagination beyond policing as it's relates to a public safety conversation. we can reduce gun violence i cn mamunities because we have done it before so we should scale those strategies up and use this moment as a way to unlike tax dollarso get that job done. ask you, was thomas abt talking about the higher numbee that he was ng in 2020, what do you think people should understand whout why that was happening and no should be done to address it? >> we know that much of the n violence that is drivom a small number of individuals in our community, they have intersecting social issues in reality that are tieing to povey and they are a their veryaith exposing the vulnerabiliy of black, brown and cor communities across the country. the proliferation of gun, of course, makes this kind of

violence more lethal but it is at the end of the day about how do we ensure thate are investing in the root causes of poverty that drives crime? so our aention should be -- our intention should be not to criminalize but toly liter invest. and because the early pandemic has exposed a lack of social abilities of bck and brown communities we should use this as another case study of sayingt if we invested in health care, in public health programs enat are mental health, that are vi interrupting, that are strategies that actually put citizens in the community. that is atrategy. every community i believe in this country impacted would embrace if we really he deal it up. >> thomas abt, less than a minute left. i have to ask you based on what you have seen so far,ed and b

on where we are right now what do you see in the weeks and >> well, i'm worried that we're ea for a difficult summer and rest of the. unless we take dramatic action as pastor mcbride said, no to the scale down police solutions. police are a part of solution. but the scale of community-baed solutions. people at the highest risk for perpetuators or vims neederp something so say yes to as well as something to say no to. and unless we take dramatic y that right now, i wo we're in for a difficult year. >> thomas out, senior fellow at the council on criminal justice, and pastor mike mcbride of the live free mpaign. thank you to you both. >> oodruff: tomorrow, president

hiump will welcome the president of mexico to the house. esere are more than 215,000 official cf coronavirus in in latin america.d highest total more tha20,000 have died. but mexico's government acknowledges that is a severe undercount. we sent camerarews across the rtuntry, and nick schifrin reon the failures of the mexican government to contain covid. >> schifrin: outside the northern city of juarez, children who have nothing get their food from the n in the mask. >> say gracias. >> gracias. >> schifrin: he is not from the government. his mask is not only for covid. he is a member of la nueva empresa drug cartel. >> ( translated ): the coronavirus is killing peopl like crazy, and we want to do something. people are a little desperate, having a hard time. there are no jobs, there is no money, people are worn out.

>> schifrin: this so-called narco philanthropy is designed to spread goodwill, to protect smuggling routes sot the cartels are the main ce of help because the government is absent. >> ( translated ): for us it is very good, because we need it isght now. therot much work. with all that's happening, it's a blessing. >> ( translat ): the shops are far away, and if you take a look, there is no police. so this is a good place to work. >> schifrin: but mexico's a bad place to die. a thousand miles southxico city, smoke rises from a crematorium that covid's made all too busy. judithasn't grieve she's too angry. y ( translated ): tve me a paper that says she had lung she died from covid problems, but they never proved anything in me. noth >> schifrin: in judith's hands, she holds her mother's remains. she blames the government.

>> ( translated ): the government says that all you need ithe picture of a saint, and with that you are going to be fine. but what's the picture of a hnint going to do for me? >> schifrin: tally, it wasn't a saint. it was a religious amulet. >> ( translat): stop, enemy, for the heart of jesus is with me. >> schifrin: that's mexico's president andres manuel lopez obrador in mid-march, offering good luck charms and advice he said could protect mexico from covid. is ( translated ): the protective shielonesty. not to allow corruptn. >> schifrin: at first, amlo, as he is widely known, flaunted his own government's social distancing suggestions. he declined to be tested because ed had no symptoms. and he refo wear a mask. >> ( translated ): if i come tre wearing a mask, how a people going to feel? i have to keep the people's spirits up. >> schifrin: since then, mexico has taken the threat more seriously. the government closed the

country's borders and ordered schools anall non-essential businesses shut. but as soon as he could, amlo restarted his own travel.-o on june 1, he ned the country by launching a govement-funded train that takes tourists to indigenous ruins. >> ( translated ): this comes at a good time. in these times when, due ts the coronavindemic, we need to reactivate the economy. >> schifrin: amlo focused on his signature infrastructure projects, but has refused to increase direct government spending on mexicans or their businesses. iat's forced more than half the workforce in tormal economy to ignore stay-at-home orders. lorena torres is an entrepreneur right now, she sells masks out of the back of a car. >> ( translated ): there are countries where the government has an infrastructure to support the citizens through something like this, right? to send them home, and only worry about taking care of their family and their health. in this case, many of us don't have that support.

en schifrin: and the gover wasn't strong enough to resist american pressure in an entire industry near the u.s.-mexico border: the factories in which icxican workers make parts for ic companies. hundreds of am business leaders wrote that they produced essential products, and should stay open with socanl distancing d personal protective equipment. lad u.s. ambassador to mexico christopheau tweeted in 'workers' if you close all the companies and they move elsewhere." some factories never closed at all, and this htn's mother caovid at work, and died. >> ( translated ): the company ner sent her home. the company never, ever cared about her health. she was still working. my mother and the other workers should have gone home as soon as they issued the federal deee. >> schifrin: outside a factory, an activist filmed workers so erate to earn money, the dangerous conditio reveal >> ( translated ): there have been casesn this plant already. and nobody says anything out of fear.

>> ( translated ): belts for a golf cart. amey are claiming that they make belts folances and for medical use. that is a big lie. >> schifrin: the video was filmed by labor lawyer susana prieto terrazas, who urged not taking covid-19 seriouy.ries >> ( translated ): they are with sanitary regulations when there are inspections. and when the inspector leaves, orthey make all theworkers shoulder to shoulder, side by side, with a massive risk of contagion. >> ( translated ): policia administerales. te schifrin: a few days later, terrazas posthis video, as she was arrested. n: gracias. >> schifhe was charged with inciting riots. ree sat for this interview behe went to prison. >> ( translated ): i think u.s. unscrupulous as the always have. it demonstrated the lack of ndthority of the president his cabinet, and the indifference of american businessmen and politiwho have influence in this country. >> schifrin: foreign minister marcelo ebrard insisted the

government ignored arican pressure and stuck to its own reopening schedule. >> ( translated ): we're in a global value chain, but mexico's priority is the health a protection of the sick people. >> schifrin: but the mexicandar. government has also failed to resist u.s. pressuren camps near the u.s. border. central american migrants live in flimsy tents cramped close together because of the trump adminsitration's "remain in mexico" statute, whichas approved by the mexican government. and just last week, an asylum seeker in this camp caught covid. 23-year-old yolanda fled from gang violence in guatemala. she now fears disease. >> ( translated ): i am afraid, especially when they distribute the food, the people from face masks. come in, never wear >> schifrin: elcias joel is also from guatamala. >> ( translated ): we are exposed not only to coronavirus,

int to many diseases. we are not livindeal hygienic conditions. a live in fear because we are he we don't know when this nightmare will end. >> schifrin: mexico's becoronavirus nightmare ha scary and deadly. mexicans have lost their faith in the government's ability to contain covid, and as high as the fatality numbers are officially, the actual number mit be double. for the pbs newshour, i'm nick schifrin. >> woodruff: and, nickill be back tomorrow night, in hoimetime at 10:00 p.m. on pbs, with a "pbs ne presents" documentary, "china, power and promise." built from more than a year and half of reporting both inside china and from five continents, nick and his team examine the rise of china and the new global confrontation with the united states. here's a quick preview.

>> why do you keep calling this inese virus? >> it comes from china. the cooration is the only corrt choice for the united states. >> we believe in democracy. but they believe in profession. >> if the government asks for the data will you have to turn it over. >> no. in in otherpa cny have you had such a great amount of change in sort amount of time. welcome to china. >> woouff: that is tomorrow night at 10 on pbs. ord that is the newshour f tonight. i'm judy woodruff.an join us onlineagain here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, se stay safe, and we'll see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has bn provided by: >> when the world gets

complicated, a lot goes through your mind. with fidelity wealth management, a dedicated advisor can tailor advice and recommendations to your life. that's fidelity wealth management. >> consumer cellular. >> johnson & johnson. >> financial services firm raymond james. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic ntgagement, and the advancement ofnational peace and security. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and individuals. >> this program was made pussible by the corporation for ic broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. than

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♪ pati narrates: if you could assign the perfect setting for farm land, it would look a e little something likis. ocean to the west, stmountain range to the ea rain falling on the mountains feeding into vast rivers running through a lush valley in between. w ld look exactly like sinaloa. there's a saying here, throw a seed, and a jungle grows. and right here in the middle of this farming oasis, culiacan, the capitol. ♪ pati narrates: this city of one million people has lived through hard times. the same lush farm land that supplies the entire country with almost forty percent of it's produce, was also used to grow the crop at the root of one of mexico's