woodruff. on the newshour tonight, questions of justice. attorney general william barr testifies before congress on the use of force against protesters and allegations of the politicization of the justice department. then, congress struggles to finn common g as the current round of covert relief is set to expire. plus, rethinking college. covid-19 raises questions about the costf living on campus amid lawsuits over full tuition for remote learning. universities to rethink their business model, everything how th serve students, and rethink

how they deliver an education. tonight's pbsshour.more on ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> since our beginning, our business has been people and their financial well-being. that msion gives us purpose and a way forward, today and always. >> for 25 years, consumer cellular's goal has been to provide wireless service that helps people communicate and connect. we offer no contract plans and our u.s.-based customer service anplanelp find one that fits you. >> johnson & johnson. ♪

>> to john as an james l knight foundation, fostering engaged communities. >> and with the ongoingupport of these institutions. this program was made possible broadcasting and byblic contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. than you. stephanie: i'm stephanie sy with newshour west. we will return to judy woodruff and the full program after the latest headlines. negotiations over another pandemic aid package are llintensifying on capitol with federal jobless benefits set to expire on friday. today's talks came as both vacations nationwide topped 4.3 million with 148,000 deaths. white house chief of staff mark

meadows met with senate republicans, but majority leader mitch mcconnell acknowledged his caucus is divided. sen. mcconnell: there are some already done enough, other members who say we need to do more. this is a complicated problem. we have done the best we can to develop a consensus among the broadest number of republican senators, and that's just the starting place. it's just where we begin in o dealing with ter side and the administration. stephanie: later, president trump said h does not support parts of the republican bill, but he did not elaborate. meanwhile, mcconnell said he opposes including nearly $2 billion dollars for a new fbi headquarters near the trump hotel in washington. on including it.e housinsisted and there's word this evening that russia issing english-language websites to spread disinformation about them pa. "the new york times" and the associated press say top russial military igence operatives are targeting american and

western audiences. the reports site u.s. government officials and newly declassified information. u.s. attorney general william forces against civil unrestderal today. he told the house judiciary coittee that "violent ri and anarchists have hijacked legitimate protests." democrats charge barr has misused the justice department to defend president trump. we will get much more aftethe news summary. the mayor of porand, oregon, ted wheeler, is pressing for a cease-fire and the removal of tonight, the associated press is reporting that the trump administration has started talks with the oregon governor's office and indicated it may begin to draw down the presence of federal officers. overnight, agents agaiused tear gas after some protesters attacked a security fencdeat the feral courthouse. they have gathered near that site for two

months. the democrats' presidential nominee to be, joe biden, called today for using economic aid to address racial inequities. it includes billions of dollars for minority-owned businesses and a tax credit for ownership. the former vice president spoke in w contrasted his approach with president trump's. mr. biden: he has shown that he can't beat the pandemic and keep you safe. he can't turn the economy around and get america back to work. he is finally and not surprisingly intention stoking the flames of division and racism in this country. stephanie: the proposals that biden highlighted are part of larger economic plans he began to lay out earlier. the trump administration will impose new curbs on dock, the program that bars deporting people brought to the u.s. illegally as children. under revised rules, new

applications will beenand renewals will be caught from two years to the administris one. still mulling a way to end the programs that will pass muster with the u.s. supreme court. we'll have more on the story a little later in the program. thousands of people filed past the u.s. capitol throughout this day as the body of lake congressman john lewis lay in state. they stood in socially distanced lines well into the evening toth pay respects tcivil rights icon. lewis's funeral will be thursday in atlanta. some political movement in the war-torn country of yemen, where the separatist southern tranisitional council, which has controlled major parts of southern yemen, including the port city of aden, said it was abandoning self-rule. saudi arabia has been pushing an agreement to try to restore some peace between government forces and separatists. still to come on the newshour with judy woodruff, attorney general william barr testifiess before congr the use of

force against protesters. hengress struggles to find common ground asurrent round of covid relief is set to e pire. ndemic raises questions about the coca of living on us amid lawsuits over full tuition for remote learning, and much more. >> this is the pbs newshour from w eta studios in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. judy: delayed for four months because of the pandemic, attorney generfa william barr d questions from the house judiciary committee in combative hearing that lasted more than four hours. in barr's first testimony in more than a year, democrats stquestioned him about pron, portla about roger stone's commuted prison sentence, the russia investigation, and much

more. capitol hill correspondent lisa desjardins has our report. >> please rise. i will begin by swearing you in. lisa: at the capitol a socially distance confrontation over justice itself, with democrats sharply charging that attorney p.neral william barr is a puppet for president tr >> in your time at the department, you have aided and abetted the worst failings of this president. lisa and with barr insisting any decisions were his alone, not mr. trump's. >> he told me from the star that he expects me to exercise my independent judgment to make whatever call i think is right, and that is precisely what i have done. li: the hearing covered well-known flathpoints, among the case of president trump's friend and advisor roger stone, convicted of obstruction and lybag to congress. overruled prosecutors in the case to recommend a lower sentence than they h barr told democrats it was the only time he's done that in this administration, but that it was

because the original recommendation was way out of line with norm >> the judge agreed with me. >> i am not asking you that. i know. >> the issue here is whether roger stone was treated differently because he was friends with the president. lisa: democrats sometimes spo over the attorney general, and often republicans, ke mike johnson of louisiana, gave him their time to answer and defend himself.su >> i'osedly punishing the president's enemies and helping his friends. what enemiesave i indicted? who -- could you point to one indictment that has been under the department that you feel is unmerited, that you feele violates the r law? lisa: the hearing was not justt ab trump and politics, but also about the past few months of protests, violence, and police confrontations, including the ump administrationssp reonse recently in portland, oregon. and more directly forne barr, wo

waby, the use of force to clear out protesters near the white house on ne 1. >> the protesters are not mobs. athey are mothe veterans and mayors. in this moment, real leadership would entail de-escalation, collaboration, and looking for ways to peacefully resolve our differences. instead, you use pepper spray and trunches on american tizens. lisa: barr defended the response asecessary, pointing outro police andrty have been rmed and a federal building has repeatedly been targeted in portland. >> we are on the defense.oo we are not outng for trouble, and if the state and the city would provide the law enforcement services that other jurisdictions do, we would have no need to have additionalth marshals icourthouse. lisa: above it all, a broader question about policing. >> does the trump justice department seek to end systemic awcism and racism in enforcemen i just need a yes or no answer. >> w t don't agrre is

systemic racism in police hisartments or generally in country.lisa: but in a separateg today, a d.c. national guaut member spokegainst the federal police response to protests. major adam demarco told the sause natural resources committee what hwhen authorities moved against the demonstration near the white house on june 1. demonstrators, ourwion, those american citizens, were engaged in the peaceful expression of their first amendment rights, and yet they were subjected to an unprovoked escaland excessive use of force. lisa: that hearing's other witness, aing park police ief gregory monahan, testified that protesters had been combative for days and the t decisimove on them was made by his officers, not by the white house, because they anticipated re violence. s for the wshour, i'm lisa desjardins. ♪ judy: the battle over the enefitscy unemployment that millions of americans had

been receiving is a big dividing point in the debate over a covid relief package. democrats say the extra $600 should be extended until at least thend of the year. the president, senate majority leader mitch mcconnell, and many republicans have said the benefits should be lowered$2 to through part of the fall, and it would thenthey say, be tapered to 70% of what a she lost their job.e or we are going to look at thesess ideas and the le impact with austan goolsbee he is the former head of the council of economic advisers under president obama. he is now at the university of chicago. and michael strahan. he is an economist with the american entprise institute. has testified before congress and advises republicans. welcome, both of you. austan, i have not seen you i think you are with us.

republicans are arguinghat the $600 additional is something the government -- i am told we don't have asutan. let me turn to you, michael. what is the argument from going from 600 additional dollars to $200 a month? so many workers have lost their jobs, have not had the option to go back to work. that is a significant cut, isn't it? michael: it i and that is an issue congress should address in a way other than continuing the $600 supplement. the argument against continuing, or the argument for the cut is that as the economy continues to recover and as the labor market continues to strengthen, paying people that much money in unemployment benefits, that are conditioned upon being unemployed, will keep pple out

of the workforce and keep the unemployment rate higher. it will rve as a disincentive to get a job. the reason for that is bause at $600 week in the federal supplement, average ui benefits are around $950 a m weee weekly income than most people who are receivingnemployment benefits would make if they got a job. inthntive is to stay unemployed. judy: i think we now have austan goolsbee. welcome to t newshour. i don't know if you are able to hear, but his point is a lot of people don't have the incentive to go back to work because they are being paid more e than they wening in the first place. austan: you hear that am lot f the republicans. the only things i would say about that are, number one, that's not exactly how the unemployment system works if you look at unemployment insurance. you can't quit your job and get

unployment, and you have to be searching for work. if you are offered a job and turn it down, you are no longer eligible for unemployment inrance. the second is, this is a mentality coming from a normal time in the labornd market, this is not a normal time in the labor market. hedy: what do you mean? go. austan: the virus is raging out of control. i think the evidence shows that there are not people -- if you look a gtheerosity of unemployment insurance, it is not correlated with that unemployment i don't think that's what is driving this. judy: michael strain, what about that point? we are in a very unusual situation. nsmillf people thrown out of work through no action of their own, and this is a way to keep them hole, keep them -- keep

them hole, keep them able to pay their rent, provide what eir families need. michael: two i agree that the evidence to date suggests that the generosity of unemployment benefits is not keeping peoplelo on the uneent rolls. about the policy question facing wecongress is not whethe should have $600 supplement in july or whether we should have had it in may and june. e question is whether w should have it throughout the fall and into the winte and to the end of the calendar year 2020. i think that as the year coinues, as the economy continues to recover, as the labor maet continues to nrengthen, we are going to be more and more inmal recession. in that event, the $600 supplement would serve the rpose that it normally would, which is to keep people

unemployed. i think you are right, judy, that these benefits are really imilrtant for fs, particularly low income families. if congress does cut the generosity of the benefit, i hope they find a different way to give low income households the income support ty need during this weak economy. judy: let me -- michael: the choice between dis-incentivizing of going back to work s andporting consumer spending is false. judy: let me come back to you, austan goolsbee. it sounds like michael strain is saying he expects the economy to get mewhat back on track and be in more of a normal recession in the fall and normal unemployment benefits should suffice. austan: that's kind of the hinge pi my view is, if you want to put in automaticer tri that we benefits once you eunemployment

unemployment rate down toth sog like normal levels, fine, we should have a discussion like that. what's happening here is you have a microeconomic problem and a macro proble the macro problem is the unemployment rate is double dits. these people lost their jobs through no fault of their own. they are not at home because they wanto vacation. everybody recognizes that and they arealking about sometime in the future when they think it would be the disincentive problem. thmacroeconomic problem is this is a massive number of people who the evidence shows thishe supplement, unemployment insurance, is the only thing maintaier their conspending. there is going to be a dramatic drop off of the spending levels of these people if theare cut off. it will probably be millions evicted from their homes. i think that runs the risk of snowballing this into a deepe downturn as opposed to extending

the downturn. judy: michael strain, you are not concerned about that? michael: i just think it is a false choice. ceice is not between keeping a program that strongly dis-incentivize is people to got bawork as the economy strengthens and the labor market recovers, and supporting consumer spending. unemployment insurance andiny of reduce the dntive to go back to work while also supporting consumer spending by increasing transfers to households, particularly low income households. judy: so you are saying provide money through a different channel. michael strain, you are also assuming get better.is going to i am curious what you base that onecause right now the coronavirus is raging for weeks on end. michael: that's rht. i think there is very little chance we are going see an

economy that is as bad as the economy was in mch, april, and may. consensus forecast suggests the unemployment rate will be lothr in decembe it now, that the economy will be stronger than it is now. we may have a stop and start economy in the fall where we tane three steps forward and step back. that seems to be what has happened in the summer. we took big steps forward in may and june, we may have taken step back in july -- judy: let me interrupyou there. i'm sorry, i just want to give austan goolsbee a chance at the end to respond. i think what he is saying he does expect the economy to get better. austan: and i hope he is right and i appreciate that michael's argument is, if you are not going to give you why mon, then -- givei money, then we

need to give money in some other form. that's not what the argument is in washington.du it's to the amount of people. i think if the virus startsco raging out orol again, we are going to have another downturn. the thing that's keeping people out of work now is that there is not demand. this same mentality was with us crisis whset of the the same people argued there should not be a nationd sick leave policy at no cost to the worker t becauy said it would disincentivizes them from going to work. i wish wead had that policy, because one of the major sources of infection has turned out to be people with symptoms going to work because they needed the money, and getting their coworkers sick. i think e virus is the boss. we have got to control this virus. usonce the vs under control, we can go back to a more normal labor market.

until that happens, you have got to support people. judy: tse are some of the very same debates we know they are having on capitol hill. joining us.nk both of you for austan goolsbee, michael strain. thank you. ♪ the pandemic, for now anyway, has upended the traditionalr model of higucation and particularly for residential colleges. as many schools annoce plans to charge full tuition while w continuih remote education, some are questioning whathose tuition dollars are actually paying for and if it's worth it. hari sreenivasan reports now on a new effort to rethink the traditional four-yperience in the covid-19 era. his sty is part of our thinking college series. hari: before the pandemic,

leaving home and moving into a college dorm was a rite of passage for many young adults. ♪ >> you have a desk that comes with the room. >> i am just now posting my dorm roomoor. hari: some students even took to youtube to share their campus experiences. but late night pizza runs, the freshman 15, studyinon the quad -- none of those things can happen easily online. >> i really like where i am now. it is super close to the dining hall -- ri: sanford student --nt stanford studeyan d'anjou is one of those who enjoydo documenting life and is now missing it. >> the residential experience for myself and a lot of sdents around my age, the first time we are starting to build new skills, new relationships, have independence and make decisions fo:ourselves. ha now as she heads into her junior year when most of her classes will be remote, d'anjou says shel's questioning the va

of that educational experience and she may take some time off. >> when we're making this decision whether the tuition we are paying is worth it, yes, the clses are there and they are valuable, but it is about the entire expience. it'sbout having aiverse class of people, diverse sets of interests that are talking to you. hari: while d'anjou and many other students around th country are debating how to learning, there ile debatee that getting a four-year degree, -- four-year degree is generally worth it, with significantly higher lifetime earnings for most. bu the cost of those degrees has skyrocketed, roughly doubling over the past several decades,e leading to m than $1.6 trillion in national student loan debt. over the years, thoss and other factors have made the residential college experience inaccessible for many lower income and students of color. so now, in the new covid era, when so much is being upended in higher ed, some are arguing there's no better time to rethink what college looks like, after the pandemic. >> the model of higher educaon

that we are delivering in the u.s. has been based on this tresidential experience t costs about twice what an education costs in europe. hari: that's richard arum, dean of the school of education at the university of california, vine. last september, he and his colleagues began a first-of-its-kind study to try to better understand the value and cost of a four-year libel arts education, where students often live on or near caseus and are exto a wide variety of subjects. >> we believe that there's something about the residential college experience that is useful for human development and growth for these students. whher that's worth $10,000,0, $20,40,000 a year in addition, for four years, is an open question. hari: thetudy, which is funded by the a mellon foundation, al

newshour supporter, is tracking a diverse cohort of 1200 uci students over three years to learn how they are learning and what aspects of their education help them to succeed. arum says what makes the project so unique is the type of data being collected. abt 100 different metrics, ranging from weekly surveysn mental health and stress, to tracking time spent in online classes. >> i think it isn possible, gi the complexity of our data, to attempt to get at that. hari: on a recent afternoon, arum and his team met virtually to go over new survey results... -- results. >> 62% recorded they do have new responsibilities. hari: their early data showed students were less engagedith online studies when they reported the lack of a quiet study space and new family a responsibilitihome. that kind of information was immediately helpful for michael dennin, the university's vice provost for teaching and learning. >> that really has to inform hos we aour faculty, how we

train them this summer, to think out their teaching. because we're not used to thinking about all the other stuff that's going on outside their courses. hari:ichelle cooper is also thinking about the future. >> we want coeges and universities to really rethink their business model, rethink how they serve students, and rethink how they deliver an education. hari: she's the president of the instite for higher education policy and one of the leaders of a national group now studying the economic and non economic returns of education after hig school. cooper says there needs to be of a residential collegenefits experience were not accessible to everyone. >> social capital that's provided through these sort of traditional brick and mortar residential colleges is something that many people have always known was there, but never really talked about in a very upfront and open way. that is certainly something that we have seen many low income students struggle with. if you are attending a community college and you kind of go to school and go back home or go to

work, you don't know where to often go to establish those relationships with individuals who can help you get that leg up in employment. hari: that washe experience of walter ramirez, who became the first in his family to graduate from college in june. he spent several years at a community college before transferring to u.c. irvine and ving on campus. he says the connections he made there have given him a big boost as he prepares to enter the workplace. >> at uc irvine i learned how to talk to professors, and work with them on a research project, or ask if i could assist them with a research p'ect. and thats how i started building relationships withd professors, entually they began to support me with letters of recommendation for scholarships, or internship opportunities, or even job applications. hari: for his part, richard arum says he hopes his study will help students and colleges better understand what aspects of the residential colle experience are important to preserve, and what could be tweaked to bring dows and expand access, issues that are

more relevant than ever. >> it's quite likely that the economy that comes out of this crisis is going to look structurally different than the one we started with. the postsecondary system is going to be responsible not just for educating the same number of students we have in the past, but dramatically more udents. we need to experiment. we need to innovate to ensure economic competiti for our society. hari: arum and his team plan to release initial results from their study in the fall. for the pbs newshour, i'm hari sreenivasa ♪ judy: throughout the pandemic, the present and his team are continuing to pursue policies cracking down on immigration. t

toda administration said that it will try to find ways to wind down and limit a program that protects dreamers from deportation. dreamers are the immigrants who arrived oremained in the u.s. illegally as children, and eiven't lived most of lives here it's one of several moves of late. our amna nawaz has been following all this closely. she joins me now. today what the administration has done -- this is program, deferred action for childhood arrivals, something the administration has been trying to end for months. the supreme court has turned th down. help us understand exactly what ngthe administration is tr today. amna: the move today further undermines the program. it is currently shielding 700,000 people from deportation. the trump administration announced it will no longer accept new applications for daca.

it will limit renewals for one year rather than two. s while it reviews the program. the supreme court said the trust admition can't end the program, not because the president doesn't have the authority, they just didn't agree with the way they were doing it. that left the door open to try again. today's move makes it seem the president is not done tryi. most people i talked to today said there are sure to be more legal chall judy: so there is another legal fight. another immigration front from this administration. this one is about roughly 100 children in immigration detention. a judge has ordered these children be released. the deadline for that st happen was ight. tell us what the latest is. amna: that's right. those 100 or so children are held in family residential centers run by ice. there is three of them across texas and pennsylvania. th are federal immigration detention.

the judge ordered the children to be released because kids should not be in tha facility more than 20 days. most have been there much longer. the judge's order did not extend to the parents ice officials are presenting parents with a choice. sign a form, wave your child's rights, and remain together i detention, or allow us to take your child, place them with a family member, sponsor family, or government custody. critics are calling this family separation to point out. i asked -- family separation 2.0. i asked ice for a response. they said, we are unable to comment due to ongoing litigation. the judge paves the way for the in anticipation ofding analogue update by august 5.ey re working with the judge to get more time to figure out how to handle those kid' cases and not release the families together, which they don't want to do. ju: such a concerning report.

still another concerning report, this one first reported by the associated press, has to do with counanied children being kept in hotels along the border. obviously there was pushback. what's the administration saying now?amna: what typically happens when kids come into custody, they are transferred to nte governgency responsible for the care of migrant children. medical, legal, educational resources. the report found ice was keeping custody, with a holding children in hotels and, thin days, deporting them to their home countries without any evaluation of what they were sending the kids back to that is concerning on a number of levels. i asked ice for a response. th litigation so they can't talk about it. many officials i talked to today said it is concerning when it comes to child welfa

interests. these ice contractors are not trained to handle the care of children in the same idea ever government agency is. judy:inally, when you step back and look at all the moves te administration is tryi do, whether they are talking about it or not, what does th add up to? amna: it is all of on keeping with the president's oning plnl most people are struck by the fat children have typically been the exception, that any child seeking safe haven in the u.s. has been granted that, and that's no longer the case. i spokto a former senior ice official, who administration about a year ago. he called the decision to house kids in hotels without due process abhorrent. he said therere other ways families can be released together and comply with the law. they were enforcing immigration

laws but maintaining them --in maing humanitarian standards. he said this seemingly went outh the door witcurrent administration. judy: so many important pieces this story. one story that has not gotten a lot of attention because of the pandemic. really important to be following this. thank you. amna: thanks, judy. judy: the congo basin rain forest is the second largest on earth, home to unique biodiversity. but even its remoteness cannotpr ect wildlife like gorillas and elephants from the threat of extinction from poachi. with the support of the pulitzer center, late last year, before covid-19, special correspondent monica villamizar and vedeographer phil caller t to dzanga-sangha wildlife reserve in central african republic to join indigenous tribal hunters, who have turne

gamekeepers to protect africa's most endangered wildlife. monica: bonda blaise is following animal tracks through the forest. he is a member of the bayaka men and women hunt together, encircling therea with nets. they don't use firearms, which are illegal to use for hunting within the dzanga-sangha park, only machetes and spears. ey are looking for small animals and edible plants. all are expert trackers and imitate animal noises to drive their prey towards the nets. this isn't a sport, is survival. and each day they must go further into the forest for the hunt.>> translated] our forests are being emptied of animals by poachers, who hunt coletely irresponsibly, without following thrules. monica: the bayaka believe the fore is sacred. this chant is a ritual asking for good luck. they a one of the last hunter gatherer communities in the

world. their diet is maded p of plants ts they collect from the forest, and their source of protein comes from wild animals they hunt. if they fail to catch anything, their viage will go without meat. of hard work in the humid jungle, some of the women have managed to trap a porcupine in its den. they d carefully, knowing that if it escapes, all of their cforts will be worth nothing. it does not, andelebration follows. back at the village, blaise shows us his home. his community was traditionally nomadic but now lives in ase lement at the edge of the forest. they have few employment prospects and are seen as the lowest class of etic groups in the ea. >> [translated] i live here with my wife and five children. tomorrow morning i'll leave home early to go to my job as a park ranger. amna: -- monica: working as a park ranger is one of the few jobs on offer to the bayaka.ra

the na park is divided into areas. most of it is off limits to loggers and all types of hunters, sport hunters and poachers. but a few areas have been desiated for traditional hunt, which is what the bayaka do, hunting for sustenance. dzanga-sangha is one of the remaining sanctuaries for species like t forest elephant, pangolins and gorillas, all highly prized poachers. protecting the animals is the park rangers' main task, and they have a fight on their hands. colonel cistian ndadet, one of the chief rangers in the park, says poaching has caused major damage to the animal population. and seizures of ivory, pangolin scales and illegal weapons have gone up 80%iv in the last years. poaching is carried out by both by well organized armed criminal gangs and by local villagers trying to make a fast buck. does it trap gorillas and their hands? >> [translated] yes, it can

cah gorillas and other large animals. it is very dangerous and doesn't discriminate between females or infants. whatever the size, the animal is caught in the trap and can't escape. monica: gorillas are poached for their meat and body parts, which are used in traditional medicine or sold as trophies. >> [translated] all these tusks are from forest elephants. our park rangers are the only thing that continues to guarantee the natural richness of this area. monica: thes rangers program i one of the first to incorporate local community members like the bayaka. i- it's a muency partnership. the rangers are employed by the government and supported by the world wildlife fund and an anti-poaching non profit called chengetta. the founder rory young recently introduced dutch-trained cocker eganiels, to detect ivory, weapons, and illal bushmeat. >> they know that means they are going to go tohi work, to them is play. they are going to run in a hurry , let's go, let's go. monica:it today blaise's nd

the two dogs, bobby and mitch, are searching for contraband at a checkpoint. the rangers are the local police in the park, and they refully check their weapons. each bult is precious. there is limited ammo to go three assault rifl. to share the blaise and his unit have come under fire bpoachers several times. it is a high risk job.fr dy, the dog handler, practices the search before the real work begins. >> [translated] i love my work here. familyed myl my parents are really proud. monica: the dogs help the rangers a lot, but they also ha a psychological effect because the community will start speaking and it will spread by word of mouth that there are these trained animals that can detect illegal goods, and this distillates people from --pehis dissuadele from poaching. each0anger makes $ u.s. a month, which is three times the average salary in the central

african republic. deep in the dzanga-sangha forest are the critically endangered lowland gorillas.ck bayaka traers are helping scientists study the gorillas, with their local knowledge of te forest and their abili primates. -- ability to locate the elusive primates. we have to be very quiet because we are getting close to them. the exact number of these tiimals left in the wild is unknown, but scis estimate that hunting, logging and disease have wiped out more than 60% of the population in the st 20 years. >> it's a perfect storm of destruction facing not only gorillas, but the forest elephants and many other species, and the foresas a whole. monica: gorilla meat is sold in the market. someeople think it will give them the animal's strength. ghislain malegbade used to believe this myth and now he is one of the gorilla researchers. >> [translated] i have discovered that gorillas are just like human beings. before i started working here, i didn't know that gorillas act

monica: scientists and rangers collect data on the ground and send it to st. louis, missouri, to dr odean seano. a former nasa scientist, she ots on a map the information from the ranger patrols, weather satellites and data from gps collars placed on elephants and gorillas. >> the novelty is thetw correlatioeen wildlife trafficking and intelligence gathering and execution. monica:s tsearch is helping to predict where poachers are likely to strike, allowing the rangers to better ploy their forces. kafter a several hours tr throh dense jungle and acros rivers, the forest gives way to a huge clearing, dzang or the village of elephants. unlike their savnah cousin, the forest elephants have denser tusks, which fetches a higher price on the black market. they have come to dzanga bai to access mineral salts in the mud to prevent them from dehydration

area -- from dehydration. there can be hundreds of elephants in the bai at given time >> elephants are a keystone species so many other species depe on them being in the forests, and then we depend on the forests. the air we breathe comes fromee these monica: poachers sell these tusks for up to $2000 a gram. the coveted pink ivo is mostly the u.s., and europe.in asia, young warns that if poaching is allowed to connue unchecked, the rainforestan be completely emptied of wildlife. >> with an empty fort syndrome, you don't have any animals, you just trees.the you get a lot of undergrowth, thick undergrowth, and it is even harder get animals back into the forests. monica: last year poaching trends started to decrease thanks to the ranger program, voting to young. but it's a constant battle to stay one step ahead of the poachers. fom the pbs newshour, i'monica viamizar in the central

african repuic. ♪ judy: she is one of our most meacclpoets, a two-time poet laureate and winner of the pulitzer prize for her collection "native guard." now natasha trethewey has childhood, the murder of her mother, and her own calling as a poet. the bo is published today and jeffrey brown has this conversation for our ongoing arts and culture series, canvas. natasha: three weeks gone, my mother came to me in a dream, her body whole again but for on. perfect wo jeffrey: in the poem "articulation," natasha trethewey writes of the violent death of her mother and how that forever shaped her life and work.

natasha how then could i not : answer her life with mine, she who saved me with hers? and how could i not, bathed in the light of her wound, find m calling ther jeffrey: natasha trethewey was born to a black mother, gwendolyn turnbough, and white father, eric truth away. it was 1966 in mississippi mixed race marriages had only recent been legalized, but jim crow customs continued. hin 197 parents divorced. her father, who became a poet english professor, died 2014. the young natasha spent her teenage years in atlanta, where her mother met and married another man,oel grimmette, who would beat, abuse, a in 1985, murder her. natasha was 19 at the time. now at 54, she has written "memorial drive: a daughter's memoir." natasha: i am trying to pay

homage to her, but also trying to remember her, trying to get back a little bit of what i buried and tried to forget for so many years because parts of it were painful. jeffrey: you write abo how you realized at a certain point that abuse was takinglace, that she was being beaten. you write about knowing it, not wanting to knoit. natasha: i think that's the kind of way that trauma can divide you. something, but try so hard to pain of it.as not to feel the to do, trying to lth awas trying smile on my face as if that weren't the story behind it. jeffrey: and then you described yoself sort of shutting do inr years on end, right, kind of losing years, tuaway, trying to forget. but of course, never really forgetting. natasha: i think that the body

does n let you forget. trauma waits to remind you that .t still exists inside, in -- in myriad ways. and it kept finding me. jeffrey: when she became a public figure as poete laure, natosha saw articles about her make her moth's kofling a kind ootnote. natasha: i thought i needed to be the one to tell her story so that she couldope put in her context as the reason that i am a writer. jeffrey: over the years, taking notes on legal pads and in notebooks, she pieced togeth memories, dreams, police ands, court documentnd more -- all incorporated into the book at one point, she even writes in the second person, addressing her younger self. natasha: the second person was an attempt to show that kind of split in my mind, trying to divide myselfrom the self that's experiencing that trauma.

and so i wanted to enact that ih prose by speaking to the self. and that section ends, you know, look at you. even now, you're trying to distance yourself from that. natasha: asks yourself what' your heart, that reliquary -- jeffrey: as the memoir makes clear, there's no distance between the trauma and the writer natasha became. her most recent election,nu nt, contains some of her most direct poems about her mother. we saw it up close, the focus on how stories impact lives in the near long -- the year-long newshour series on where poetry lives. then travels with the tosha us to a brooklyn dementia program, a seattle writing workshop for trouble teensd teens, aetroit elementary school. >> we all telllv our stories

about our lives, whether we are writers or not. 'that' the way we give meaning and purpose an shape to whatch seemtic, random. being able to do that, to tell a story, to tell one's own story, i think is empowering. jeffrey: you write of how eventually it is story, metaphor, poetry. those are the things that helped you come to understand what had happened and how you, in fact, survived. atasha: the facts sometim difficult and banal, but seeing seemed merely senseless it is,at if think about my own calling ms what writer, it red would otherwise be senseless, gives it meaning and purpose. jeffrey: so you see a direct line from all of this in the coming the writer that you became. tasha: absolutely. i don'think i would be a

writer without that existential wound. gs lorca pointed out, in try to heal the wound that never heals lies the strangeness in an ttist's work, that kind of awareness of deat can make something not just beautiful, but something also meaningful in a different way. i think at 19, i was telling myself tt i had experienced that wound and that i would have e to mmething of it. and as rumi said, the wound is the ple where the light enters you. and it did. jeffrey: for the pbs newshour, i am jeffrey brown. ♪ judy now to a very different story. can a video, or cb --

cannabidiol, or cbd products, are everywhere right now and the growing trend is not only fashionable, it is also big business it can be derived from both hemp and cannabis, with the hemp extraction used to produceil fabrics,and food. from the cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university, marcella baietto oke to one navajo leader before the pandemic who has jumped at this growing business opportunity. but some within his own tribe are saying, not so fast. marcella: in the heart of the navajo nation not far fr the four owners where arizona, new mexico, colorado and utah meet, llions of hemp plants ar growing, many of them ready to be harvested. plant is being grown on such a massive scale on the navajo nation. hemp plants contailess than 3% of thc, so th cannot get you high, but dineh benally says ite crop provides his comm with a natural health and wellness product. >> doing thisi projectally

got to know what our people are really made of, what type of skill sets and what kind of issues we're dealing with. holism, methamphetamines opiate abuse. marcella: harlan joe is a manager on the farm and he' struggled with substance abuse. he says life on the farm hasnd given him a sehance at life. >> i used to be an alcoholic, too. i ed to be on the streets drinking around. shiprock. and when denih told me to take over, it changed my life you know marcella: the farm is providing job opportunies for nearly00 employees, like delbert aticitty, in a community has high unemployment. >> we are actually standing here believe in something that couldn't be done. monica: this -- marcella: this hemp will eventually become the main ingredient in navajo gold products, the cbd company

benally started in early october. the new harvesting and processing of the hemp all takes place on the navajo nation.li hemp plant these are turned into lotions, oils and even edibles. >' it doesn'have to be smokeable. marcella: with cbd oil, a substance derived from hemp thac is not inting but which many believe helps with medical issues like arthritis and anxiety. navaee gold employee anthony l calls himself a plant health advocate and says the tivajo is an ideal place to grow this crop. >> we have land and we have water. for instance, we only use about 20% of the farmland located marcella: on his 300 acres, benally and his farms can grow up ton two and a half millio hemp plants.ro but this cp comes with some caveats. the u.s.griculture department and tribal lands have new regulations around the farming le hemp. these include saesting of the plants to ensure their thc levels are low enough to be considered hemp, and a plan to

dispose of any plants that test natoo high. anjo leaders, like president jonathan nez, say benally must follow the new federal from the nation to raise a hemp crop. >> we just want to be able tlydo it corrend protect our navajo people who want to utilize that product on our nation. isrcella: benally says he will work to ensure heeting the new federal and tribal guidelines, and he understands cooperation ensures success. >> we have to work together, i realize, to get this going and take it to the next level. marcella: and benally hopes thas next level meaeeing more of thisreen across the red sandstone of the navajo nation. for the pbs newshour i'm marcella baietto with cronkite news in shipro, new mexico. judy: on the newshour online, we moments from today's hearing with attorney general william barr. that's pbs.org/newour. that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, please stay

safe, and we will see you soon. >> major funding for the pbsho news has been provided by -- >> when the world gets complicated, a lot goes through your mind. with fidelity wealth management, a dedicated advisor can tailor advice and recommendations to your life. that's fidelity wealth management. >> consumer cellular. johnson & johnson. financial services firm raymond james. carnegie corporation of new york , supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security, at carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institions. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, tswhich is responsible for caption content and accuracy.]

>> this program was made possible by the corporation for publ broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. is is pbs newshour west, from w vta stuos in washington and the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. ♪

>> pati narrates: los mochis. here in the north western pa of sinaloa, just inland from the sea of cortez, los mochis is looking for a little attention. to the south, and business runs through the capital of culiacan, los mochis at first glance has just one thing to offer. it's the first stop on a "chepe", oua scenic train route thrgh northern mexico's magnificent copper canyon. but spend a little time in los mochis, and you will discoinr its second gift tooa, street food. tacos, tacos, tacos! chunky, crispy, fried, adobada, grea, steamed - you crave it, they've got it! pati: whenou do something right, you don't need to add anything ee on your menu.