captioning sponsored by wnet >> sreenivasan: on this edition for sunday, november 1: the final push in the presidentialon campaign is election day approaches; global covid cases continue tolimb forcing new restrictionand lockdowns; and jeff greenfield with an election preview. next on "pbs newshour wkend." >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: sue and edgar wachenheim iii. the anderson family fund. bernard and denise schwartz. the cheryl and philip milstein family. barbara hope zuckerberg. the jpb foundation. baara hope zuckerberg. the leonard and norma klorfine foundatn. charles rosenblum. we try to live in the moment,

to not miss what's right in front of us. mutual of america, we believe tang care of tomorrow can help you make the most of today. mutual of america financial group, retirement services and investment. >> for 25 years, consumer cellular has been offering no-contracwireless plans, of what they like.ple do more our u.s.-based customer service team can help find a plan that fits you. to learn more, visit www.consumerulce.tv. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the american people. and by contributions to your you.station from viewers like thank you. >> sreenivasan: good evening and thank you for joinrtg us. we aring again today day here in this swing state on the final weekend of our "roads to election 2020" series. there is one more day before the last day to cast your vote-- a

day we call election day but that we now know is not the end but the beginning of couing ballots. tens of millions of americans have already voted, but many llions have yet to turn in a ballot, vote in person and some are still decing not just on who should be president, but on thousands of local and state candidatesnd issues. in addition to our reporting here in north carolina tonight, we are also going to revisit pennsylvania, the state where we began our election series eight weeks ago. that's coming up after the news >> does anyone have a coat please? this is definitely not the right one. >> sreenivasan: president trump begag n a swrough five states today-- with his first stop in michigan and the last planned for florida. ent joe bidenresid kept his campaign focused on the battlegrounatd ste of pennsylvania. he fppst sed at a local union officonis way to two events in philadelphia this afternoon. as of this morning, early votes

have climbed past 93 millio voters have already cast more than two thirds of theteotal votes coin the 2016 general election according to the u.s. election project. yesterday police in the small town of graham, north caror na, used pepray on a group holding a get out the vote march. the police said the mah ocked roadways in violation of a permit and that the demonstrators were given veral warnings to disperse. eight people were arrested on a variety of charges. and in texas, the f.b.i. is investigating an incident recorded on video that president trump retweeted of a highway confrontation friday. a caravan of vehicles with trump banners is seen following and surrounding a campaign bus that d biden-harris logos, but with only local democrats onboard. texas democrats canceled several campaignvents after the incident. t acro u.s. early voters-- many wearing masks-- lined up all week and into this weekend even as the coronavirus continues to resurge. he new york times" reports

that this week new confirmed cases of covid-19 increased 43% r tw the average numbe weeks ago. current hot spots cotinue to be in the upper midwest and rouncky in states. the u.s. has had more than 9.1-million coronavirus cases and more than 230,000 americans have died duringheandemic. the virus also continues to spread globally with more tnfn 46 milliontions and close to 1.2-million deaths. the united kingdom now has more than one million covid-19 cases, and is seeing a rapid increase again-- triggering a new nationwide lockdown. at a news conference yesterday, prime minister boris johston announced -at-home order to start thursday and last through december 2. different thiyear, perhaps very different, but it's my sincere hope and belief that by taking tough action now, we can allow families across the country to be togetr. >> sreenivasan: schools will stay open and people will be allowed to go to work, shop for essentials and se limited

exer. the government said it will reinstate an emergency coronavirus wage subsidy. get 80% of their pay.d off wil in the philippines today at the death toll continues to rise in turkey following friday'sit magne 7.0 earthquake in the aegean sea. 62 people are now confirmed dead as rescue workers continue to esearch through the rubbl. more than buildings in turkey's western city of izmir were qdestrod in tuake. yesterday, rescue workers pulled a 16-year-old girl and her dog from a collapsed apartment building. turkish presidentecep tayyip erdogan said late yesterday that 100 people have been rescued. city officials said as many as 180 people could slle trapp.ay in belarus todnearly three months after contested elections, protests continued ia the country'pital. thousands gathered in minsk alexander lukashenko surrender the off pice of thesidency. police fired warning shots into the air above the crowd and detained demonstrators. last week, following calls for sustained general strikes, lukashenko said the protests

were the acts of "organized criminal groups with signs of terrorism." on friday criticized generals for being too lenient, and threatened to crackdown on the protesters. see all of our "roadto election 2020" coverage at pbs.org/newshour. >> sreenivasan: tuesday night, and possibly into wednesday morning, tens of millions of americans will be tuning in to watch the most expensive, extensive election in memory, but what specifically should you be watching for? we asked special correspondent jeff greenfield, who's covered a few decades worth of elections, to share his perspective. i spoke with him earlier. all right, jeff, let's start at the top: the presidency, what's on everybody's md? >> well, let's look at where we were four years ago when trump's very narrow victories in pennsylvania, wisconsin, and chigan-- under 1% in each-- gave him his electoral college majority. for a while, those were the three states that people were looking at most closely.

but as it turns out, there are any number of states-- at least seven all over the country-- where biden is either narrowly ahead or tied, effectively, and these are some states thaterrump wonhandily, any one of which could be really devastatumng to s hopes for victory. if you're looking for early clues, though, i would look in at indiana, because it's the first state to report. and while trump going to carry it it was hienormous margin the last time that was a hinthat the pollster missed the rural white consertive vote that actually propelled trump to victory in key states. so, if trump is winning by really narrow margins in diana, that would be bad news for him as the night rolls on. the othestate, obviously, to look at is florida with 29 electoral votes. it reports usually early, but it's always been close-- less than 1% or so the last three elections. so, if there's a decisive win in florida, that's going to set the ne for the rest of the night. >> sreenivasan: jeff, let's also talk about the senate. there's so much concern on where the balance of power is on

whether the presidency goes one direction. dohaesalso mean the senate goes the same direction? >> that's exactly why it's as imptiortant as the presid outcome. just imagine a president trump with a democratic senate or a president biden with a republican senate. you are defining "gridlock." right now, democratic allengers seem to be leading in arizona and colorado, in maine-- that's san collins' seat-- and in north carolina, and republicans are prettyen conft they're going to take that alabama democratic senate seat. that would leave the senate 50-50 with the vice president breaking the tie. so, in that scenario, whoever wins the white house wins the senate-- except that there are ven republiccumbents in six states who are being challenged very hard by their democratic opponents, most of whoym, unusually, have vas out-raised their republican incumbent rivals. the one state i'd logiok at was ge. two seats are up, one and maybe both could go to a runoff if

there's no 50% winner. waiting until january to find out who actually controls the sete. >> sreenivasan: is there any suspense in the house races right now? the democrats are looking to hold the house. the republicans, depending on who yospeak to, say that they've go a chance to take some seats back. >> yeah, i tink that chance has pretty much evaporated. remember, in 2018 in the midterms, democrats won the house by picking usuburban districts-- literally from one end of the country to the other-- in new jersey, in kansas, in texas, in california. and right now, what appears to be happening is, is a replay.ur that is, sn voters are moving heavily against trump and that has given docrats the chance, they think, to pick up some seats, again, in texas and even in a state like indiana in a couptrle of suburban dts. republicans have a shot at some rural districts held by democrats, but ihink nobody is putting as much as a plugged

ni iel on ta that the republicans can take back the house. >> sreenivasan: jeff, the national press, and everyone, haa tendency to focus on the presidential race, but elections are about a lot more than t hha. whpens to ste legislatures? >> i think the state legislaturt races have be most under- covered important political story in 2010, republicans were in total political control in virtually every big state except new york and california. "so what?" you ask. that's where decisions are made about whether abortion rights are eased or limited. wat's where labor union power is strengthened kened. that's where medicaid expansion does or doesn't happen.ec and, also,use 2010 was a census year, that victory gave republicans in state after state the power to redraw the lines for the legiature and th house of representatives. one estimate says that there are 17 extraeats in the house of representatives because of that republican dominance at the state level. this year, democrats think ey have a chance of flipping at least one house in texa i

michigan, in pennsylvania, while republicans are hoping for gainn isconsin. that would give them such a majority that they could override the power of e democratic governor. and whildse i know this so kind of, "well, who cares compared to the president?" remember one other thing: every key vote that the supreme court has to make about issues like abortion, like affirmative action, like labor pow, like voting rights, stems from what state legislaturores don't do. >> sreenivasan: finally, jeff, a bonus round: what happens if there' a popular vote that goes one way and an electoral college vote that goes the oth, again? >> well, nothing happens constitutionally beca ause thats stem that was set up. but it's interesting that last time hillary clinton won by slightly less than three millioo votes, a 2% margin. polling where bides going to win huge in places like here in california, new yorkand if trump wins in places like ohio and tes, he's not going to ge the margins he got last time,

which could mean seven or eight million votes spread-- a percentage of five or six points in which you still have the loser of the popular vote winning the electoral college. and if you ask what's to be do about it, there's no way to abolish the electoral college, given thatyou need a constitutional amendment and there are states who benefit from this current sysm. there are all kinds of mechanisms that are being looked at to see if there's something to be done about it, but the best thing that i canell you is unless biden wins by more than six pnts, according to the mathematical types, he's in danger of losing the electoral college. >> srejeenivasan greenfield joining us from california. thanks so much. >> pleasure to be here. >> sreenivasan: we began our "roads to election 2020: series back in septembelefrom the batound state of pennsylvania. since then, the keystone state

has found itself at the center of a mail-in ballot deadline dispute,ng and is facing gro unrest after the fatal police shooting of a black man, walter wallace jr., in philadelphia lastee the incident has once agn put which has galvanized a movement. whether or not that movement will tnslate to the polls remains to be seen, but as newshour weekend's christopher oker reports, in philadelphia there is a renewed push to not let despair over the latest incident discourage voter turnout. ongoing series "chasing the dream: poverty, opportunity and justice in america." reporter: it's been a long and difficult week in philadelphia, the birthplace of american democracy providing another entry into a tragic u.s. tally. >> even though all situations may not be simar, it just still feels like the same songs for a lot of pple, you know? so, i understand why people are here, and i understand why people are mad. >> reporter: pastor carl day spent his weehik in philade appealing for calm. the first night on the streets

with protestors and the subsequent days with congregates and city leaders. >> i really think that this happened at the worst possible time. you may have some people who may say to themselves, especially in light of stuff like this, when they think that nothing's happening or people aren't really tthing to make anyg change, some people may feel deflated andefea rted. orter: pastor carl says he has been urging members of his church and community to ignore this impulse. >> and my advice to them is, you know, don't allow that to happen or overtake you. you know, still cast your vo. there are baot questions that are important on the back of that, that affects us deeply these ballot questions include whether the city should form a whether the police departmentd should end the use of stop and ferrisk. >> i uand their paiand their rage at a system that feels big and too slow to change. >> reporter: jaime gauthiea is a member of philadelphia's city council. >> when people feel like they don't have power, when people feel like they're not being treated fairly, when people feel

that they can be aggressed against again d again and again with no consequences, what you see is them take to th stree. that's what happens. >> reporter: do you fear that wallace jr., may actually dissuade people from turning out? >> i think, you know, it makes the election all the more crucial. i do hope that we have peace and that people feel like they can vote in peace and that they are not threatened, but-- but i also hope that people understand the urgey, i hope they understand the gravity the situation locally and that this is our opportunity for change and for a president who can speak for all of us. and i hope they understand that locally we need change, too, and >> reporter: how dresnd to the cynicism? you know, thinking of the young person that says, "you know, we

spent all summer calng for change and change hasn't happened and here, a week bore are asked to vote, this horrible thing happens awe have seen happen in other cities again and again?" >> i'd point to the things that we're voting on that relate directly to that issue. one of the biggest challenges here in philadeliaas been our inability to hold police accountable for their actions within our communities. we're voting for a body that can create more transparency and accountability and give citizens more oversight. and then, you know, we arevo ng for our health. my residents are dying from coronavirus because of the ineptitude of this president. and so, i think it's about talking to people around howwi this electio shape the way

that we live, right? or don't live, moving forward. >> repter: there is reason to lieve turnout in will be substantial--community >> we have hmbad record s during this election cycle, over 1.1-million peoprele have been stered in philadelphia, which is the greatest number since 1984. >> reporter: brittany smalls is the pennsylvania state coordinatort black voters matter and capacity building institute, a voting rights group formed to increase the power in marginalized and predominantly ack communities. >> we asked for the call of the young peopleto be involved in this current cycle, and they're doing it. of course, tre's an increase effort amongst black women, we still have some black men that are not really engaged in the process, a we understand their concerns because they've been unheard for so long. >> black, young black men, were rarely the focal point of either campaigns throughout this entire process. so, ho can you expect th

demographic of people to be excited, motivated, or even really feel compelled to want to vote when, you know, the only time we' brought up is when comes down to talking about prison reform because we're associated, black men are assoated with prison? and then when we start talking about the police injustices, and that when we talk and we bring black men up, you know? but everything else, every othee agenda, every demographic of people have been focused on highlighted, you know, been emd phasized. ung black men are sitting here saying, "okay you still didn't talk abou >> reporter: tuesday's election, with results that might not be decided for days, may brnog the immediate action that people are calling for, but it does give philadelphians a chance to vote for change in their communities. for pastor day, that's a start. >> these are the things that, which people still should get out there and put their ballots ast thei and still c ballot, beuse otherwise you'll have politicians that can say, "heyweut the bills out there and we asked people to check yes and no. majority of the people didn't say yes. so we felt like it wasn't needed." >> reporter: philadelphia will

begin tallying mail-in and early votes as well as eleion day votes at 7:00 a.m. on tuesday. report on how the changing climate is affecting farmers in north carolina's coastal regions, and how the state is preparing for future extreme weather. i recent sat down with drew shindell, nicholas profsor of earth and science at duke university dham, north carolina, for a more extensive look at climate change and the policy.etween science and >> i think one of the things we're seeing is that if you ignore the science and you, you wish that itould go away, that doesn't really help, that doesn't solve the problem. and so, hawe have an eveer job as climate scientists. we have to convey to people that theris a real danger, but it's a really slow-moving, diffuse one rather than right here and and ss hard to convince people already.

i'm hopeful thesat thens from the pandemic will show ople both that it pays to listen to science and that if we change, we can get a real response rightwe away. e seen the air get much, much cleaner, for example, by, by controlli our emissions. so, some benefits happen very quickly. >> senivasan: in this election, the conservatives and the republicans paint the potential biden administration as one that will do away with fossil fuels. but on stage,e vesident biden has said repeatedly that that's not the plan, a right? eird way, whether he's trying to thread the needle or not, it seems that fossil fuels are still going to be a significant part of the mix for american energy r several years. is that changeab, should that be changed? >> well, i think the science is clear that we need to get out of fossil fuels as quickly as in particular, coal is the

dirtiest fuel. so we should be getting rid of coal within the next few years at most. but obviously, we've mit hundreds olions of cars and we're not going to switch em all to electric within, say, two or three years. we need to build thefr tructure. we need to get people to buy and change out their old cars. so, there is a lifetime. i think that the emphasirely should be on notbu continuing to d fossil fuel infrastructure moving towards phasi it out,be and that biden is correct-- there is a phase out tven if we want to get rid of fossil fuels, it's not going to happen on a dime other than coal, whi really should and could go away veryve quickly. >> sreenivasan: when you study this and in the longer arc where are atwe? you know, we sometimes we hear these numbers about here's the window where we can make change. here's the tipping points that we've gone over. how are we doing in the type of

steps that we need to take to prevent some of these, sort of, catastrophic potentials? >> unfortunately, i ould say we are doing very poorly and that we have been warming-- warning the world for decades now that it's te take action. and we've now waited so long that we'reth already seein effects, right? the hurricanes, the wildfires, the droughts in our country. and so, we, we are in a state where we have waited past the time when we could have avoided most of the impacts-- which doesn't me that we, we don't still get a lot of benefit by taking action, but we have waited too long. the only positive side to that is that the pres have come down so much that, for example, in the u.s. we've had no real federal policy, and r carbon emissions are going down simply because costs favor renewaes. so, in that sense, we're in a good spot that we have the technology lefor electric veh

that go long distances. we have cheaper ways generate we know what to do now and the economics in our favor. but we're startingwa fro behind. >> sreenivasan: i mean, you're in a state that could usnefit tremeny from renewable energy. you've got a massive shoreline that can give you a lot of wind energy.un pretty state. >> very. >> sreenivasan: right. d-- but there are still plans to put in gas extraction in the state when it doesn't necessarily need to be that way. >> that's right, and we're not a state like pennsylvania or texas or oklahomrewhere there a fossil fuel jobs here. what we really have is this problem with vested interests, the power companies that make their money not by selling big equipment.ut by constructing and so, it's a, it's a strange setup with a monopoly we have in north carolina. and it's something that made sense many, many decades ago when you want to electrify rural

parts of the state, but now building infrastructure is not what we need the power iecomp to be doing. we need them to be building clean infrastructure and shutting down dirty infrastructure. but they don't have a financial incentive to do that. so that's-- i th really needs to realize this and start pushing to expheloit renewables that we, like you said, we have great potential for renewablesto. we neexploit those and move away from fossil fuels. thanks so much.dell, >> thank you for having me. >> sreenivasan: newshour will bring you all of the campaign last day before the final opportunity to vote. on election night beginning at 8:00 p.m. eastern time-- newshour wl have special live coverage on air and online. and there will be analysisti adal coverage throughout the days following as results become available.

that's all for this edition of" pbs newshour weekend." for the latest news updates sit pbs.org/newshour. i'm hari sreenivasan. thanks for watching. stay healthy and have a good night. captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: sue and edgar wachenheim iii. rs the an family fund. berarnard and denise sc. the cheryl and philip milstein family. the jpb foundation. barbara hope zuckerberg.

d the leond norma klorfine foundation.se charles rolum. , try to live in the mome to not miss what's right in front of us. at mutual of america, we believe taking care of tomorrow can help you make the most of today. mutual of america financial group, retirement services and investments.al additionupport has been provided by: consumer cellular. anby: and by the corporation for puic broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the american people. and by contryoibutions to pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. you're wa up singing)

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