judy: good evening. 'm judy woodruff. on "the newshour" tonight -- face time. we talk with the cdc director about the new guidelines allowing fully vaccinated americans together indoors without masks. then, rising fears of war. the fighting between israelis and palestinians grows increasingly deadly as rocket attacks and air strikes continue. plus, gas panic. the major pipeline halted by a ransomware attack gradually begins to manually reopen, but fuel shortages remain across the southeast. and brazil in crisis. we discussed the increasingly

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judy: fully vaccinated americans will now be able to go masks free indoors in most places and outdoors in crowds -- that comes from new guidance today from the centers for disease control and prevention. it is a big change as the country tries to move to a more routine rhythm, but the cdc still advises wearing masks in some crowded indoor settings like public transit, hospitals, and prisons. president biden mark the milestone. he asked americans to be tolerant of different attitudes as public behavior changes. >> be patient with one another. you know? some may say just feel more comfortable continue to wear a mask. they may feel that way. if you see someone wearing a mask, please treat them with kindness and respect. if you are fully vaccinated and can take your mask off, you have earned the right to do something

americans are known for all around the world -- greeting others with a smile. judy: the cdc director green with the new guidance today, and she joins me now. welcome back to the "newshour." this is a big change. what is the new information that led to this, and how do you note it is right? >> good evening, judy. thanks for having me. there are several things that were happening at the same time that motivated us to move forward. first, over the last two weeks, case rates in the country have come down by about 1/3, likely due to the scale of operations we have an able to do. second is that we have new science now that basically shows that the vaccine is working. its effectiveness outside of trials has demonstrated that it works just as well as it did in the trials, that these vaccines

are working against variants, and that if you are vaccinated, you are very unlikely to get a symptomatic disease and therefore transmit to other people, so the science really all sort of coalesced at the same time, and finally, we are at a place in this country right now where everyone is eligible to get a vaccine if you are over the age of 12, and it is available. we fortunately have supply right now that it is available to everyone, and you can find vaccination sites near you. judy: just to be clear, people who have been fully vaccinated can now go -- what? to the grocery store? two restaurants, bars, a friend's birthday party without wearing masks? >> we believe based on the science and the data we have access to that fully vaccinated people will be safe in doing those activities. i want to say we still are deferring to local jurisdictions

to make local policies. for example, we do suggest local jurisdictions look at their own vaccination rates, look at their own case rates in their area because the country is not uniform with regard to casesnd vaccine scale up, and to make some of those policies locally, but the data have now demonstrated to us that it is safe for vaccinated people to take off their masks. judy: so ople do need to pay attention to local guidance as well as what they are hearing from the cdc. what about areas where people still need to be careful? public transportation, and use say big crowds indoors, but everywhere outdoors is ok? >> yeah, the move today was really to talk about individuals and what individuals are safe doing. the hard work we have ahead of us is to take our guidance in each individual setting and apply the guidance we released today to each of these individual settings. what does this mean for

transport and our travel corridors? what does this mean for schools? what does this mean for child care sectors? that's the hard work we have ahead of us. judy: i'm sure you know people are still going to be concerned. they are going to say ok, i may be able to go out without a mask, i have an fully vaccinated, but there may be others without a mask who have not been fully vaccinated. and what is my risk from them in this new world, this new set of guidelines? >> if you are fully vaccinated, the risk is extraordinarily low. that is why, based on the studies that have been published and that we have seen, the risk to the vaccinated person is extrrdinarily low. i want to emphasize that if fun vaccinated people choose to take off their masks and have not been vaccinated, the risk to them is still the same as it was before, so we really want to empower people to take this

responsibility into their own hands. if you are unvaccinated, please get vaccinated to decrease that risk, and if you do not choose to be vaccinated, please continue to wear a mask and practice all of the mitigation strategies we have set up until now. judy: but this truly is an honor system, is it not? we heard president biden say today there are not going to be enforcement mechanisms. they are not going to go around arresting people who have not been vaccinated who are not wearing masks? >> more than calling it an honor system, i would say people are responsible for their own health. we believe that it is safe to take your mask off, and we felt that was important information for the public to have. if you are not vaccinated, that, again, is taking your responsibility for your own health into your own hands, and we would say protect yourself. we would recommend vaccination,

and if not, i would recommend wearing a mask. judy: for people who have underlying health conditions -- they have an fully vaccinated but have that that have those health conditions, if it's diabetes or some respiratory issue -- are these guidelines still for them? >> i think there is an important question. for the most part, our vaccination studies and effectiveness studies have demonstrated that for people with some of these underlying health conditions, the vaccines have worked quite well, even people who are in long-term care facilities, the vaccines are working quite well. it is the case that science has started to emerge that if you are immune compromised -- for example, if you have had an organ transplant or you have had cancer, if you are undergoing chemotherapy, vaccines in those populations might not be as protective as people who are underlyingly healthy. we would recommend for those

with immuno compromising conditions as well as any other conditions that affect your health, that put you at high risk of disease, that you consult your doctor before taking off your mask. judy: another area has a lot to do with children. we now know that down to age 12, the vaccines are available. what about for young children? people are asking about summer camp, all kinds of situations. what is the guidance for them? >> it is clear that in the context of the last 24 hours where we have a new vaccine now for 12 to 15-year-olds and this new guidance abouteing able to unmask if you are vaccinated, we do need to update our guidelines. what i would say for younger children, for those who cannot get vaccinated right now, is that we would still recommend treating them as if they are unvaccinated and they should

still wear masks. judy: for them outdoors, though, no masks? is that what you are saying? >> right, so the same strategies really apply. you could take off your mask in outdoor settings. if you are wrestng, if you are gathered over a softball breathing heavily, lots of kids you don't know, we would still recommend a mask in those settings. judy: criticism in the last few days, even weeks, of the cdc guidelines recently has been confusing. is this in part an effort to make it clear to people where things stand? there have been so many questions from people from all directions saying they do not know what they are supposed to do. >> i'm hopeful this will not be confusing guidance. our motivation as an agency for putting the science for it is because our cases are down.

vaccines are available, and the science is where it should be. we are working towards making guidelines that every american can easily understand, but we are motivated by the science at this agency. judy: thank you very much. we appreciate it. >> thanks for having me. judy: the battle between israel and hamas is escalating sharply tonight following four days of rocket attacks and air raids and reports of more than 100 palestinians and seven is raley's killed so far. -- seven israelis killed so far. john: israeli tanks and armored personnel carriers headed for the border with gaza as israeli military officials say they have begun a ground assault into the

palestinian enclave. earlier, the defense minister approved the call up of 9000 more reservists, and israel faced a new threat from the north. rockets were fired from lebanon toward northern israel according to military officials in both nations. this comes after violence among citizens and police in mid arab cities. this new wave of unrest between arab and jewish israelis raises the specter of civil conflict. >> people are doing whatever they want. torching, looting, hitting. this is not the way to manage a country. >> we need to live here together, coexistence. we need to be here together, partners. to be partners to each other. >> just south of tel aviv, a stunned shop owner returned to her damaged ice cream parlor. a jewish mob had attacked the business yesterday.

>> we have been living here for years, and we did not expect something like this. a lot of people support us, but even so, they did it because we speak arabic. we have been here for 20 years with jewish neighbors, residents, family, friends, all sorts. >> this jewish man said he was confronted by an arab mom. -- arab mob. >> they came up to me and ked me if i was jewish or arab. they ran up to my car and started throwing stones. >> jewish mobs yelled obscene anti-arab chance -- chants as they marched to the streets. the prime minister has proposed detention to hold people without charge to curb the mobs. today, netanyahu said he expects more unrest. >> i cannot tell you that we are not facing escalation.

the intelligence we have says it is very possible there will be an increase in violence here in the coming days. in order to suppress a riot, we need to use force -- a lot of force. >> this as the fighting between hamas and israeli forces continued, despite mediation attempts by egyptian security officials. in a video message released today, a must spokesman signaled that attacks would continue. >> a decision to bomb tel aviv, jerusalem, and any cities before or after that from our occupied cities is easier for us than drinking water. >> rockets from gaza continue to stream into southern and central israel as air raid sirens blair. people ran and ducked for cover. diners at a cafe hid in the kitchen area for safety. meanwhile, residents in gaza were reeling from ongoing israeli airstrikes, and an israeli military official called

a gaza building owner, warning of an incoming strike and telling him to evacuate those inside. >> the building is residential. what is in it to hit it? i asked, what was it to hit it? he says after it is bombed, i will call you and tell you why. i tried to find out why. all of our normal apartments and shops. john: still, some try to retain hope. >> i want to feel the joy of eid and make sure those around me feel the joy of eid. may god help everyone. >> a sentiment likely held on both sides.

stephanie: we will return to judy woodruff and the full show after the latest headlines. updating the ongoing battle in israel and gaza, the state department tonight raised its travel advisory to those areas to level three, saying people should reconsider travel due to civil unrest and armed conflict. colonial pipeline resumed gasoline deliveries across the deep south and the mid atlantic where thousands of gas stations have run dry. panic broke out after a cyber attack shut down a critical east coast pipeline last friday. operations have restarted, but the company says it will take several days to recover. a ransomware attack on the washington, d.c., police has left several thousand documents reviewable online. a gang said the department refused to meet its demands, so it published the files and reports. it is the worst such attack to ever hit a u.s. police department. the secretary of homeland

security came under fire today over migrant children at the southern border. nearly 17,000 arrived without parents in april, down from march but still historically high. in a u.s. senate hearing, republican mitt romney of utah argued that easing trump-era restrictions has encouraged migrants, while mayorkas defended the changes. >> senator, if i may, we are the united states of america. 90% of these children have a parent or legal guardian in the knighted states and have a claim of fear of persecuon -- >> so this is not a problem? your view is that this is the way it is going to be? we have the secretary responsible for securing our border and our immigration system who does not recognize these charts as being a problem? stephanie: most adults expect -- most adults intercepted at the border are still being expelled under pandemic restrictions. it will be several more months

before three police officers charged in the death of george floyd will be faced with aiding and abetting. the judge said he wanted a civil rights case -- a federal civil rights case to go first because it carries stifel -- stiffer penalties. the associated press says the number of places in 2020 rose 1%. it is one clear how numbers were affected by pandemic lockdowns at military bases -- it is unclear. weekly jobless claims fell to another pandemic low of 473 thousand. at the same time, amazon announced signing bonuses of up to $1000 in a bid to fill jobs. still to come, growing panic over gas shortages in the east. brazil discusses the dire covert prices, plus, much more.

>> this is "the pbs newshour," from w eta studios from the walter cripe -- from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. judy: now, returning to the renewe and worsening crisis between israelis and palestinians. here again, john yang. john: the escalation has been very quick. we have widespread civil unrest in israel, rockets coming from lebanon, and now israeli tanks rolling into gaza. a senior fellow with the brookings institution and advisor to the u.s. united nations joins us. a senior at the carnegie endowment for international peace for more than three decades and four administrations who helped shape u.s. policy in the middle east at the state department joins us as well. welcome to you both.

we have seen a lot of cycles of violence in the middle east, but does this feel different to you, the way this ratcheted up so quickly? the way we are seeing people fighting in the streets? >> yes, escalation was very rapid. it happened seemingly out of nowhere. one reason is that the issues at stake were core issues for palestinians. evictions from homes of palestinians in jerusalem -- this is something that is obviously an immoral act, but obviously when the eu says blatantly violates international law for the united nations calls a possible war crime, and it seemed to be part of a strategy to limit the number of palestinians in jerusalem and increase the number of jews, and it invokes what happened in

1998. it comes during ramadan. the assaults on mosques were more graphic than i have ever seen, to be honest. all of this happening obviously in a rapid fashion. palestinians were in a situation i would say reminiscent of the 1977-1970 eight period. they seemed to have no hope after the years of occupation. theylaced some hope in the biden administration, but obviously, biden did not look at this as a priority. even the palestinian authority postponed elections they were hoping would shake things up. clearly there was that, plus interest on both sides in escalation. maybe not to this extent, but it

served their political purposes. netanyahu was able to prevent opponents from forming a coalition government. we see that now is off the table. hamas, this is an opportunity for them to show they can help when the palestinian authority is helpless. john: a different kind of conflict or at least different trajectory for this conflict. the united states sending an envoy. they reached out to egyptians who often have influence over palestinians. are these going to work this time, do you think? >> no. i think quite friendly you have several vectors shaping this right now. the previous conflicts between israel and hamas all had a

rhythm and an ebb and flow driven by the two major protagonists with little or no influence initially by any outside party. we have a relationship with israel. we have leverage on paper. we choose not to use it very often, but we have no relationship with hamas. i think not until both israel and hamas are persuaded that they have reached the limit both politicalland strategically of what they hope to achieve will be asian be psible. i think the one intriguing and truly dismaying issue is the communal violence, and it may well be it is of that, the widespread communal violence in half a dozen mixed towns and others that ultimately constrains the israeli

government and pushes them to bring an end to this. the truly tragic and sad and devastating and depressing take away from all this -- i'm persuaded if it goes on for another week or in the case of 2014, it went on for 50 days. there will be a cease-fire probably negotiated by the egyptians, but it will not lead or create any sort of pathway, either for a longer-term cease-fire between israel and hamas, and perhaps more profoundly, the broader issue, it's very hard to see how any of this pain is going to create the kind of framework that would allow israelis and palestinians to come any closer to ending the

conflict that has taken so much from both sides. john: your calling talked about each side trying to achieve as much as they can for their goals. you talked about the politics, the internal domestic politics in both israel and the palestinian areas, the israeli elections, this never ending series, it seems, of israeli elections, trying to form a new government. palestinian authority trying to hold elections for the first time since 2006. how are these internal political forces affecting decision-making for -- affecting decision-making on both sides? >> there's no question they have affected escalation. but neither side was looking for an all-out war. as he said correctly, they do not see a strategic horizon. the palestinians lose more always.

the ratio of power is huge, but in the end, there will not be a strategic solution, so there are two angst to keep in mind. number one, what do you do if you are trying to achieve diplomacy -- there are two things to keep in mind. you have to provide some kind of fig leaf to the israelis and to the palestinians, to hamas, to be able to reach a cease-fire agreement as quickly as possible. but then, to remind yourself that this is going to happen again and again. part of the problem is not just discontinuing palestinian-israeli conflict with the west bank and gaza, but now it has come inside israel at a scale i have not observed since 1948. we have not seen this kind of confrontation in a city where people coexisted, in a way that

out of control. for biden, particularly, as he is moving forward, one of the disappointing things is that as they are doing diplomacy, they have not met this moment, particularly with regard to human rights and international law, so if there is no horizon, this is not a priority issue for the administration, for sure, and is not likely to become one, but nonetheless, because it is not a priority issue and political settlement is not on the horizon, you focus on the key issues of people's lives -- equality, human rights, democracy, freedom for people -- you focus on those. this is an issue where there is a clear-cut case of violation of international law, and the administration could not bring itself to say, you know, israel should not carry out the evictions. the evictions are wrong. that's not a very good start.

>> unfortunately, we are out of time. i assure you we will have more opportunities in the days ahead. ♪ judy: the nation's largest fuel pipeline has slowly resumed service -- that is th start of some good news, but no one is celebrating just yet. a new report from bloomberg said colonial pipeline paid $5 million in ransom last week. the company itself has denied paying ransom and says that it will take time for thingso return to normal. we have a look at all of this, beginning with the gas crunch some states are facing.

william: it seems panic has set in across the southeast, even though that major pipeline is restarting operations after being shut down for six days. long lines formed outside of stations across parts of the u.s. as fears and frustrations about gas shortages group. at least 17,000 stations reported being completely empty in the southeastern u.s., which then helped push gas prices to the highest levels in six years. as of this morning, 55% of stations in virginia were without gasoline. 49% of stations in georgia had none, and more than 2/3 in north carolina reported outages. while the gas supply has reported moving, it moves slowly. you'll flows through the pipeline at just five miles an hour, so it is expected to take several days before supply returns to normal. -- fuel flows through the pipeline at just five miles an hour. public officials have urged

people not to panic and to avoid hoarding gas. can you help us understand something? when we look at these shortages, are they driven by all of this panic purchasing, or is it driven by the pipeline that was shut down for six days? >> i think if you were to slice this into a pie, i think 10% of it would probably be because the pipeline was shut down and slow replenishment of fuel, but i think 90% of it for more is the result of panic buying and hoarding. we saw gasoline demand shoot up, and it was not just limited to the states in the southeast where this was primarily happening. it was across the whole country to a lesser degree. in fact, areas of south florida that generally receive gasoline not from the pipeline but from barge, were starting to see

outages go up. miami had no outages yesterday morning and are now up to 40%. it seems like fear and hoarding is starting to grip miami. >> it is amazing to me that 90% of this is driven by that. your app in your company keeps its finger on the pulse of americans' seeming obsession with gas prices. does this make sense that word of this attack goes out, the pipeline goes down -- does it make sense that that hoarding took place? >> at least to me, it kind of defies logic. i'm certainly not one who would be running out to fill up 50-gallon drums, but we are seeing some pretty incredible images across social media. people filling up six dairy cans . it is truly incredible, the obsession we have with gasoline and how worried we get when we start talking about the pipeline not operating. >> i understand the biden administration has also relaxed

some rules about truck drivers, apparently to address a truck driver shortage. can you explain how that plays a role in these shortages? >> in recent years, we have continued to see a deficit of truck drivers. as more retire, there's fewer left and fewer hired into the system. over the last few years, we have seen that shortage grow and grow, certainly not helped by the covid-19 pandemic, which early on caused a lot of trucks to sit parked for several weeks. tanker trucks sought a 60% drop in demand. many have opted to take early retirement or gotten laid off, but now, those tanker truck drivers are the ones who bring fuel from the raft to the station, and we are finding out there is simply no way they can stay caught up. number one, there may be too few truck drivers.

number two, even with this pipeline being operational, i think we still would have seen outages based on this behavior. >> the pipe is now flowing again. how long in your estimatio until things get back to some level of normal? >> i think it really depends. north carolina, georgia, they could pay seven to 14 days -- they could take seven to 14 days. other areas may take five to 10 days. this is still going to be a heady thing to go out and find gasoline for the next few weeks. >> is people in the southeast are hearing this and seeing these reports about shortage -- about shortages and worrying about if they will get gas in their car or truck, what would you counsel them to do? >> certainly be patient. if you don't need to drive, i certainly would not. it makes everything harder when

you're spending half of your day looking for an open gas pump. i would sit home and wait it out and wait for the situation to pass. for front-line workers, essential workers, i think it is important they have the gas they need rather than me going to a pump and filling up all the containers i can find. >> thank you very much for being here. >> my pleasure. >> in response to this colonial pipeline hack and the recognition that there are major cyber security weaknesses here in the u.s., the biden administration released an executive order last night, one that had been in the works for weeks to strengthen defenses that will establish baseline security standards from any software purchased by the federal government and require companies to quickly disclose when breaches occur. for more on all this, we turn to the cofounder of silverado

policy accelerator, a washington-based think tank that focuses on cybersecurity. always great to see you. the president puts out this executive order. what do you make of it? will this actually help address the problem? >> thanks for having me. first of all, this is an extraordinary executive order. it is 34 pages long, one of the longest executive orders we have ever seen. there is a lot of detail here. if you take all the cyber bills and executive orders over the last two decades, this one exceeds them all. the reality is that a lot of it is just good hygiene type of stuff. and a lot of it is focused on federal government security. one of the things it tried to do was find leverage, so a lot of what you see in this executive order is how to use the power of

federal government procurement and say if you are going to do business with us, your cybersecurity level needs to rise a substantial amount, and as a result, because these companies sell not just to the federal vernment but sell to all of us the same services, all of us may benefit from this prtice. >> who is it that determines within the government if a company is meeting those requirements? does the government have to go in and look and say, company x's software, that's good, company y's software, not good. >> at some point, you have audits the federal government will conduct, and we have a cybersecurity infrastructure agency that will have most of the authority within this executive odor to verify that, but at the same time, you are going to see new contracts put in place between vendors and the federal government, and they will have to attest to certain

security requirements as part of their ability to win these contracts. >> we are all focused on this most recent pipeline attack and the ransomware attack that went after this company. with these provisions, if they were all instituted, have vented this attack from happening? >> unfortunately, no, and this has to do with the fact that the administration only has so much power without being able to, of course, change the law that will require congressional action, so most of the focus on the executive order is on making sure the federal government itself is secure. we have seen lots of attacks on major federal government agencies the last few months. it is designed to address those issues. it will have a benefit on the overall ecosystem by making sure the vendors we all use, including companies like colonial, are secure, but there will be more effort congress will have to do on who should

regulate those entities. most of the viewers probably don't -- probably do not appreciate the fact that colonial is regulated by the same people that check your shoes when you go through the airport for security purposes. tsa may have expertise in physical security but are probably not the best people to regulate colonial and cyber issues, so we will have to grapple with this as a country of who should be regulating these companies on cybersecurity issues, particularly companies that have such a high degree of ownership over our critical infrastructure. >> this executive order also requires that companies are much more diligent about reporting breaches when they occur. has that been a problem in the past, that a breach occurs on a network somewhere and that it is not disclosed? >> the vast majority of breaches are never disclosed. today, the only companies that are disclosing breaches are

those that show personally identifiable information on consumers like name, address, cial security number if that information has been compromised. that is the level of standard that companies are looking at. if you do not fall into those areas, you do not have to report to anyone, and in fact, what we have seen is that the vast majorities that have been hit in the solar winds hack, the exchange hack viewers may remember from a few months ago, have not had to report anything, and that has been a problem because the government has not had the level of visibility that they need and they cannot protect from the rest of the world is facing the exact same

attacks. >> thank you. judy: brazil is one of the countries hardest hit i covid-19. its official death toll is only surpassed by the u.s. the crisis of leadership by the right-wing populist president many say lead to this moment. hospitals overrun, the dead unable to be buried in summit -- and cemeteries overflowing. now, a former president of brazil, once convicted of corruption, now cleared to run again for office, is back. he spoke earlier today with us. >> welcome back to "the newshour," and thank you for making the time. since last we spoke almost exactly a year ago -- of course, as you know, the pandemic has gotten much worse in roseau

where there's 425,000 people killed so far from the virus -- the pandemic has gotten much worse in brazil. president bolsonaro said this week $1 billion of additional funds will go up to the inoculation effort. given where you are now, what you be doing if you work in charge? what more would you be doing to address the pandemic in brazil? >> the problem of the pandemic in brazil and u.s., when trump was president, the panic was dealt with a lack of responsibility and a lot of contempt. president bolsonaro did not have respect for the life of the people. we did not discuss science. we did not create a protocol. we did not gather experts. scientists wersinking under a president who lacked responsibility, and now he is trying to catch up to the damage. >> what specific steps do you think need to be taking place right now? what more could be done to

address the pandemic right now? >> we have to guarantee -- we have to it -- we have to look at all the facts. we have to create proper conditions for sending aid to people so those that are unemployed can still eat. we have to do what biden did already in the u.s.. we have to enhance our monetary base so we can give the proper conditions for survival to the brazilian people. >> on the vaccine front, what more do you want to see from other world leaders like president biden? you gave an interview and said everyone in the world is thinking for themselves right now. what other specific actions do you want to see if from president biden and other leaders when it comes to helping countries like brazil? collects all the world leaders should gather and meet in an

extraordinary session to make the decision that they will break the patterns of the vaccine so 7 billion inhabitants of the world will have the right to take the vaccine. this is the first thing i would urge world leaders. the second is we need to start to discuss a new world governance. it has already proved that countries were not ready and each tried to find an individual solution. there is no individual way out of this crisis. >> there has been some comparison between the way president biden, the u.s., other world leaders rushed to help india, which is also struggling mightily with the virus, and the way there has been a much more muted response to helping brazil. do you think brazil has been treated differently because bolsonaro is in charge? >> well, why should i believe the president was not incriminated himself? actually what happened is that

our president made the decision to become a rogue leader. no one wants to talk to him. we became payroll country. so brazil isolated itself. i believe that the rich countries, those that participate in the g20, which result is part of, the countries that participate in the g8 -- they have to take responsibility. the richest countries in t world have to help the poorest countries in the world to get the vaccine. >> let me ask you about bolsonaro and his time in office. he will be up for reelection in 2022. a recent poll shows you and him in a head-to-head match has you ahead. you have not confirmed if you are running or not, and i wonder why you do not just confirming a plan to challenge him when you are clearly looking to unseat him. >> last night, a public opinion poll came out that showed me winning, but i cannot be concerned with those polls now

because at the moment, the pandemic is still a security issue in brazil, and now we are coming to wintertime. maybe we will get another wave. i hope we won't. i asked god that it will not come back again as strong, but we have to take care of the people, not elections. when it comes time to discuss elections, we will discuss elections. that is why the pandemic is our main priority now. >> what would keep you from running against him? do you think there is a better candidate to challenge bolsonaro? >> what i can say to you is i was not the candidate in 2018 because they created a judicial farce. there is no judicial case against me, so now i can run for president. if in this moment i make the decision that i will run, if my part is my allies agree that i am at 100% health, i can be candidate, but when october comes next year, i will be one

year younger than joe biden when he won elections in the u.s., so i am ready to be a candidate next year. >> let me ask you about that polarization. this is how one analyst put your challenge -- he said your strategy appears not unlike that of u.s. president joe biden, who projected himself as a centrist elder statesman to unite the country after a period of destructive polarization. do you see yourself in that role? >> i was very humbled when i saw joe biden's statement about the amount of money he's going to invest to help the poor people in the u.s., so i was very happy with biden's speech, very hpy with his announcement, happy that his representatives came to discuss with the brazilian people, so sincerely, i believe biden is doing a good job f the u.s. i believe he has to open a little bit more towards latin

amica and south america because u.s. presidents forget about latin america. in the past, they were much more concerned with russia, and then they were much more concerned with the terrorists, and now they are much more concerned with china. it is necessary to remind that there are much more people than china in the world and there's a lot more people that are not terrorists. the u.s. has to learn that good international policy is built on the basis of partnership. the u.s. has to be a partner of their allies to help. economically speaking, the more poor countries grow economically, the better they will be for the u.s. because the u.s. will grow, china will grow, germany will grow. it is necessy to share the wealth. >> as you mentioned, you are 75 years old. if you were to run for office next year, you would be 76. you have had several years in office already. what would be your message to brazilians who say brazil is now in need of a fresh start? >> i was president already, and

i had awareness when i was in the presidency we may have had the largest social inclusion policy brazil may have ever had. we created 21 million jobs. we put millions of youth in public universities. what can i say to the brazilian people? that we are going to do even more than we did in the past? we are going to because if i go back to rural brazil, i cannot do less. for that reason, we would like to go back to the presidency, so we can re-democratize our country. this is a little bit of what biden ll have to deal with in the u.s.. he will have to deal with the hatred trump developed, to destroy the hatred bolsonaro develop here in brazil. >> former president of brazil, thank you very much for your time. >> thank you very much, and let's hope to see you again in some other opportunity.

♪ judy: sometimes in life, thankfully, we are granted second chances. for ryan, this moment occurred when he was released after serving 14 years in federal prison. he decided he wanted to be a positive presence for his family and community. tonight, he gives his brief but spectacular take on the capacity we all have to change our lives. this is part of our ongoing report, "searching for justice." >> i grew up in wisconsin. being poor, i had a certain idea of myself. i want to be perceived as tough. i wanted to be perceived as someone not to be messed with. i relied exclusively on crime to live. at the age of 27, i was charged with conspiracy to distribute

cocaine and given 224 months in federal prison. when i went into prison, i had four young children, and i had one child on the way. i was writing letters all the time. i was getting visits on top of visits on top of visits. after about a year of this, a guy comes to me and says what are you doing? you have 18 and a half years. you are not getting out. you need to figure out how to live. his environment. you cannot live on both sides of that fence. about five years into my sentence, i got into an altercation with a bank robber, and was thrown in solitary confinement. i had to write everybody at home and tell them why i was there, and their response was less than supportive. it was like, "really, ryan? during 18 a half years in federal prison, you are fighting

in jail and you are in jail in prison? when is it going to be enough?" disappointment from my family really forced me to do an inventory of myself, to look back at my life to ask myself that fundamental question -- when did i stop being a good person? i just decided i'm going to reject the environment, i'm going to focus on my education. i'm going to associate with like-minded men, and i can be my authentic self. i can talk about my dreams when i get out of prison. i can talk about the pain. of not being with my kids. visitation -- that was always pretty tough. you go back to your unit, and you can hear the cacophony, the noises. it would crash on you sometimes the idea that i have this many years yet of my life that i have

to be in this environment. in prison, my constant companions were books. when i started thinking about who i wanted to be when i got out. i would take magazines and c them up and put images of the things that i wanted, and i would write in little phrases or little inspirational things, and i remember one of them was from the street corner to the corner office. it's kind of running now because i work helping people struggling with opioids and i do actually have a corner office. when you are helping a kid who has been through neglect, who is suffering trauma, and you can look at that kid and say, i get it, you can connect with them in a way noby else can. my success is largely attributable to my fiance. she and i connected when i first came home. we have been together this entire time. the community support, my family

's support, but there had to be space to allow me to become this person. i'm not embarrassed anymore to talk about the fact that i was incarcerated. i'm not embarrassed to talk about who i used to be. i have contemplated what i would tell a younger version of myself. i would say -- ask for help. apply yourself toward your education. believe that you are worth more than whatever it is you have gone through. this is my brief but spectacular take on my reentry. judy: such an important message. you can find all of our brief but spectacular segments online at pbs. org/newshour/brief. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. from all of us here at "the pbs newshour," please stay safe. >> major funding for "the pbs

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of these institutions. and friends of "the newshour." this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. this is "pbs newshour" from w eta station and from our walter braun kite school of journalism broadcasting station from arizona state university -- walter cronkite school of journalism and broadcasting station from arizona state university.

[music plays] oyster. how do you say it? eyester. oystah...hahaha. [mus plays] i'm vivian and i'm a chef. my husband ben and i were working for some of the best chefs in new york city when my parents offered to help us open our own restaurant. of course, there was a catch. we had to open this restaurant in eastern north carolina, where i grew up and said i would never return.