captioning sponsored by wnet >> sreenivasan: on this edition for sunday, june 27: the death toll rises in florida's condo collapse. the u.s. government releases its report on u.f.o.s. >> sreenivasan: and exploring ways to counter domestic terrorism. next on “pbs nehour weekend.” >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: sue and edgar wachenheim iii. the anderson family fund. bernard and denise schwartz. the cheryl and philip milstein family.

the sylvia a. and simon b. poyta programming endowment to fight antisemitism. barbara hope zuckerberg. the leonard and norma klorfine foundation. the peter g. peterson and joan ganz cooney fund. the estate of worthington mayo- smh. we try to live in the moment, to not miss what's right in front of us. at mutual of america, we believe taking care of tomorrow can help you make the most of today. mutual of america financial group, retirement services and investments. >> for 25 years, consumer cellular has been offering no-contract wireless pns, designed to help people do more of what they like. our u.s.-based customer service team can help find a plan that fits you. to learn more, visit www.consumercellular.tv. additional suppo has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, a private

corporation funded by the american people. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> sreenivasan: good evening and thank you for ining us. the search for survivors and victims of the building collapse in surfside, florida, is now in its fourth day. last night four more bodies were recovered, a fire burning below the massive pile of rubble and debris was extinguished, and teams began digging a trench to reach new areas. the 12-story condominium building collapsed just around 1:30 a.m., thursday. more than 150 people are still unaccounted for. today officials said they are notifying families as they are able to identify remains. >> as of today, one victim passed away in the hospital, and we've recovered eight more victims on-site. so, i am confirming today that the death toll is at nine. >> sreenivasan: the search and recovery work is continuing 24 hours a day. as of this afternoon there were no signs of survivors.

for more on the building collapse and the dangerous conditions facing first responders, i spoke with npr correspondent brian mann who is covering the story in surfside, florida. >> and wt we've heard from officials here is that they have actually made some progress, they've managed to extinguish that terrible fire that was burning inside the rubble pile that's made things a lot safer and easier for rescuers. they're also digging this enormo trench that's slowly penetrating the debris, giving them more access. unfortunately, so far, that hasn't brought news of survivors. as of the time we're speaking today, the confirmed death toll is at nine. still more than 150 people still missing and unaccounted for. so, again, while there has been some progress technically there, the news hasot been good again today. >> sreenivasan: what are some of the structural challenges that this might be an engineering question that the rescuers are facing here as they go into some of these tight spaces?

>> they're talking a lot about that to reporters here, but also to familie because there is a lot of impatience, a lot of questions and frustration about why this isn't happening faster. and so during these briefings, what they're explaining is that this is an extremely unstable, dangerous site. they have to shore up the rubble pile as they move along. they say the debris is incredibly compacted. so, as they move forward, not only do they have to make sure that the rescuers are safe, but they also have to be sure that they don't disturb any pockets or vacuum areas where survivors could theoretically still be. so, they can't just barrel through here. they have to go meticulously, sort of step by step to do that. they're rotating crews in aggressively so that people stay fresh. but from all accounts, it's a really grueling operation out there again today. >> sreenivasan: and what of the families now? what are the authorities telling them? >> well, what they're telling them in briefings really several times a day is we're doing what

we can. the mayor of surfside, charles burkett, said today that family members had actually asked the israeli response team that's arrived here, do you believe that officials are doing everything right and everything that they can? and, according to the mayor, the israeli team said absolutely, this is what we would be doing. this is being handled appropriately. and so, they're trying to reassu family members, but again, this kind of waiting as the days go by, it's just the most emotionally destructive thing you can imagine. so much uncertainty. this disaster happened in an instant and now the waiting is playing out over days. >> sreenivasan: so, what are the authorities saying about finding who's responsible for this? >> npr has been looking at this. and, of course, town officials and county officials say that they were unaware of this very troubling engineering report that showed that this structure was in very precarious shape as long as three years ago.

what npr has found is that at least one town official was aware of this report and in fact, met with residents. according to minutes from a meeting that we've reviewed, that town official gave them the all clear back in 2018. so there are questions being raised about what kind of oversight there is, how these buildings are inspected. people are talking about possible new regulations and policies being put into place. and another thing that is happening right now is that the mayor of miami dade county has instituted a 30-day inspection process for other older buildings in the community to make sure that other structures here in the area are safe. >> sreenivasan: nps brian mann joining us from surfside, florida. thanks so much. >> thanks for having me. >> sreenivasan: president joe biden is trying to clarify his

remarks from last week that caused some republicans to question whether he will sign a bipartisan infrastructure bill. in a statement yesterday, the president said he did not intend to suggest he would veto the bipartisan infrastructure bill if it isn't passed with another bill known as the “american families plan.” he said democrats are hoping to pass the “families plan” through a reconciliation process, without any republican votes. >> if only one comes to me, i'm not signing it. it's in tandem. >> sreenivasan: his comment that the two bills needed to come to him “in tandem,” surprised some republicans who agreed to a bipartisan infrastructure deal with the president earlier that day. republican senator mitt romney said today he was concerned about mr. biden's comment, but is now confident the president will sign the infrastructure bill. >> the real challenge is whether the democrats can get their act together and get it on his desk. the battle going on is not with republicans. republicans will support true infrastructure that doesn't

raise taxes, but democrats want to do a lot of other things and are debating how to proceed. >> sreenivasan: several republicans said today they believe the $1-trillion infrastructure legislation will get more than the 60 votes needed to win approval in the senate. a record-breaking heat wave continues to hit the pacific northwest today. people sought shade and anything that might offer relief from the heat. temperatures reached more than 100 degrees yesterday in both seattle and portland, and are expected to climb even higher today. many areas across both states are expected to see temperatures 30egrees or more above normal. with stores selling out of air conditioners and fans, cities opened cooling centers for people and animals to ride out the life-threatening heat. the heat wave is expected to extend into next week for much of the pacific northwest. for the second year in a row, new york city's pride parade was presented mostly virtually today. the event, commemorating the

1969 stonewall uprising, was broadcast live with some events pre-recorded. there were in-person events throughout the city including pridefest, an outdoor street fair with food and entertainment. this year, organizers announced they will no longer allow law enforcement to participate in any of their events through 2025. former u.s. senator mike gravel has died. gravel, a democrat, represented alaska from 1969-1981 and ran for president twice. during his two tms in the senate, he led a one-man filibuster to protest the vietnam-era draft, and he read more than 4,000 pages of the leaked document known as "the pentagon papers" into the congressionarecord. senator gravel died yesterday in california according to his daughter. he was 91-years-old. for the latest national and international news visit pbs.org/newshour.

>> sreenivasan: on friday, the u.s. government intelligence community released a preliminary report on u.a.p.s-- unidentified aerial phenomenon more commonly known as u.f.o.s. the long-awaitedeport comes after the declassification and release in recent years of several videos showing mysterious sightings. and while investigator said there were no extraterrestrial links to the 144 sightings that were reviewed, they also said there was too little information to characterize the incidents, leaving a lot of unanswered questions. for more on the report i spoke with pbs newshour science correspondent miles o'brien. okay, mile so the big news besides the new name change from u.f.o. to u.a.p., how significant was this report? >> well, it takes it one step into the realm of conversation outside of the snicker factor, if nothing else, right? we're now in a discussion of how

we can look for potential u.a.p.s or u.f.o.s, i still like u.f.o., that we can start to look for them in a more concerted way, using things like, you know, artificial intelligence and pattern recognition, taking radar data from all over the country and trying to look for anomalies rather than just relying on what amounts to gunsight data from military aircraft. >> sreenivasan: you know, in the report, they posed a few possible reasons that some of these could have happened. i mean, maybe some of it is science, refraction of light and water. i mean, they had a few different theories in there. >> they did. and they certainly were trying to cover all the bases, as it were. but what really struck me the most were the ones where they said, you know, we had multiple and varied sensors all returning the same information.

you know, any time you get involved in any aspect of science or technology and you have separate streams of data that check out each other, that's wheyou start saying there's something here. and that's what made it more than just a random, casual, you're not going to believe what i saw when i was flying. there it was, recorded with multiple sensors, all agreeing that something wasn't right here. so then, whais it? is it is it something we've created in the black world and we're not sharing? they sayot. is it something adversaries might have created, you know, china or russia? i presume if china or russia had this capability, we would know about that probably by now so, you know, hari, i am a guy who has seen one of these. but it was my wife and i at the time in the 1980s in maine, we looked up in the sy. it looked like an extremely bright planet, like something like venus, only even brighter, just hovering there. and then, all of a sudden, it just took off at speeds that

were beyond my comprehension. but now, what i saw is, i mean, it's almost identicato what we've heard from a lot of these navy pilots incorporated into this report. so, i feel a little bit validated myself. >> sreenivasan: good. so, here's the thing: this is just a nine page unclassified report. i mean, it also lends itself to people saying, well, what's the government not telling us? it kind of almost fuels another surge of interest in this possibility. >> but, you know, when you get a boiled down nine-page version of what clearly something with a lot of depth and data to it, that is only going to spur on more of a press for more information. >> sreenivasan: why doesn't the government declassify it all? >> if it is, in fact, classified programs that the u.s. is involved in, i guess we understand that, but maybe they could nod to that effect or that

fact to us in some fashion, i don't know. they say, i forget the exact wording, that this is not anything that the u.s. is developing in a super secret way. if that is the case, why hold back? why not share it all? why not lay all the cards on the ble? some of this is a bias toward keeping it secret, i think. but i do believe the more transparency, the better here. we need to know the full story. and i just hope that this continues on in a concerted way, in a more open way in the future. >> sreenivasan: yeah. miles o'brien, thanks so much for joining us. >> you're welcome, hari. >> sreenivasan: earlier this month, president biden released the country's first national strategy for countering domestic terrorism, which he called "a stain on the soul of america." the threat of domestic terrorism is not new in this country, but

the insurrection at the u.s. capitol on january 6 has amplified the issue. some experts say that law enforcement strategies alone won't stop right wing radicals. they believe a better strategy is stopping them from becoming radicalized in the first place. newshour weekend's zachary green has more as part of our ongoing series exploring hate, anti- semitism, racism and extremism. ( applause ) >> reporter: in the 1990's, germany was facing a surge in violent incidents involving white supremacists. >> the skinhead movement came up, large scale attacks against refugee shelters, for example, using arson attacks or just beating up immigrants or refugees on streets and political opponents. they tried to dominate whole parts of cities or even villages with that strategy. >> reporter: daniel koehler is the director of the german institute on radicalization and de-radicalization studies, or

"girds." he says that while violent rightwing extremism had existed in germany since after world war ii, it was only in the '90s that public outcry forced the government to take action. >> this was actually when the german government decided to put significant amounts of federal funding into non-governmental civil society-based preventing and countering violent extremism programs, mainly targeng adolescents, teenagers, the youth in general, that were considered to be, you know, frustrated with the lack of perspectives coming from a broken family backgrounds. >> reporter: since then, the german government has poured resources into public-private partnerships to prevent far-right radicalization from happening in the first place. methods developed from these partnerships include teaching students about democratic values, providing mental health and job counseling, and educating youths on how radicalization works, such as in this play performed for german teens. >> the targeted groups with these tools are usually teenagers, families,

communities, social workers, mental health service providers, to educate them, to provide them with the necessary tools and knowledge to respond to a potential case of radicalization when they might come across such a case. >> reporter: germany spends roughly $180 million a year on its civil society programming. koehler says that while far- right extremism is still a problem in germany, the u.s. lacks the same infrastructure in dealing with its own rightwing radicalization issues. and 2017's “unite the right” rally in charlottesville, virginia, added a new layer of complexity to the problem of white supremacy in the u.s. cassie miller is an analyst with the southern poverty law center. >> unite the right really revealed the limits of mass mobilization and organizing through these mainstream political channels. a lot of the groups were infiltrated by law enforcement, by antifascists, and by journalists. a lot of them got caught up in lawsuits that are still ongoing,

and that really, really hampered their organizing abilities. they didn't feel like the political system offered them the tools that they needed to create the kind of revolutionary change that they wanted to see in society. >> reporter: according to a report published by the southern poverty law center, the number of hate groups operating in the u.s. between 2018 and 2020 actually dropped by almost 18%. but miller says that doesn't mean white nationalists have become less numerous or less dangerous. instead, many have retreated to online communities on social media. >> it used to be that white nationalist extremist groups had to meet people in person. they had to give people their literature in person. and now, the bar has been significantly lowered and they can reach much, much wider audiences with way less effort. and what we'rseeing is that there's a proliferation of white nationalist and extremist propaganda across the internet, and often on platforms that are

really not interested in regulating the kind of content that people place on them. >> reporter: miller says that online propaganda can have real world consequences. for example, the shooter in the 2018 attack on the tree of life synagogue in pittsburgh was inspired by racist and anti- semitic conspiracy theories on the white supremacist social media site "gab." and the culprit in the 2019 el paso shooting posted an anti- immigrant manifesto on the online message board eight-chan minutes before he opened fire. >> if you look at the kind of content that those attackers were posting online, or the manifestos that they posted, that kind of content is all over the internet. and it's really become normalized through repetition. when you believe that, then violence becomes a much more, kind of, reasonable solution in your mind. >> reporter: even the failed january 6 insurrection at the u.s. capitol was fomented by online misinformation about the 2020 election. some of the insurrectionists even used the fringe social

media sites gab and parler to trade information on what streets to take to avoid the police, and what tools to bring to break into the capitol. in response to the attack, this march, the department of homeland security made $20 million in funding available for local communities to develop programs to prevent domestic violent extremism. but that's still only 11% of what germany spends annually on countering radicalization amongst its own population-- which is just a quarter of the size of the u.s. in fact, just last year, in the face of the worst rise in far- right crime since 2001, the german government approved more than $1.2 billion in anti-racism programming over the next three years. >> the united states is behind most western european countries, 20-30 years at least when it comes to building these infrastructures. you cannot just jump start them or kick start them in a matter of months or even years. you have to build these networks, these programs. you have to build relationships,

and you have to test really how certain methods work in a certain community. and these infrastructures, they need to grow organically. >> reporr: cynthia miller- idriss is researching how to do that very thing. she heads up the polarization and extremism research and innovation lab-- or peril-- at american university in washington, d.c. it's modeling its methods for preventing extremist violence on germany's. >> they have models for how to do this in a more community- based way. and so, a lot of what i'm trying to do is, is learning from those approaches and adopting them here in the states. it is, kind of, possible and manageable and something that you can be empowered to do within your own community, instead of waiting for the government to solve it, which is, i think, what a lot of people are feeling right now. >> reporter: peril creates teaching and parenting guides on recognizing online propaganda, and also produces videos, like this one about a man becoming part of an online extremist group. >> misinformation about gun control was circulating wildly, including rumors that the national guard was going to go

door-to-door to confiscate weapons. >> reporter: their research shows that, on average, those who watched it became more skeptical of information on social media and alternative news sites, and more likely to fact-check news stories before trusting them. miller-idriss likens these methods to inoculation against disease. by teaching people about how to recognize far-right propaganda and misinformation, they can build up a resistance to it when they encounter it online. >> it turns out that people don't like to find out that they're being manipulated and they're... they're able to then build their own counter arguments against it, so that when they do encounter it out there in the real world, they're able to have resistance to it. and once you see that manipulative technique, you can recognize it wherever you encounter it. so, it works like a vaccine, right? it creates immunization, or inoculates people, against the propaganda wherever they encounter it. >> reporter: but miller-idriss also says that the u.s. has a long way to go in building the infrastructure to effectively confront far-rig

radicalization. >> this is pbs newshour weekend, sunday. >> sreenivasan: finally tonight, our report on hate, and strategies to combat it, is part of the continuing series“ exploring hate: anti-semitism, racism and extremism.” the reporting for this series appears here on newshour weekend and on many other pbs programs and digital platforms. this spring, as part of this initiative, we've reported on maryland's first in the nation decision to start a truth and reconciliation process in an effort to come to terms with lynchings and its history of racial terror. and we have looked at the rise of anti-asian hate crimes. pbs programs locally and nationally are also participating and there is more original content online at pbs.org/wnet/exploringhate. up next is a new frontline fil“"

germany's neo-nazis and the far right," which traces how extremists have carrieout terror plots and attacks on jews and migrants, infiltrated the security services, and what authorities are doing to confont the growing problem. here's a preview. >> a part of a new wave of populism. >> would you say it's getting more frequent? >> possibly tens of thousands of people sharing this material. >> of a violent ideology. >> neonazis. >> and young policemen and young soldiers part of this scene, the problem gets even bigger. >> front line investigates, june 29th, 10, 9 central only on pbs. >> in the coming mons we will continue to >> sreenivasan: in the coming months we will continue reporting on hate, anti- semitisim, racism and extremism here on newshour weekend ande welcome your comments and suggestions. you can reach us at nhwetips@thirteen.org.

>> sreenivasan: that's all for this edition of “pbs newshour weekend.” for the latest news updates visit pbs.org/newshour. i'm hari sreenivasan. thanks for watching. stay healthy and have a good night. captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: sue and edgar wachenheim iii. the anderson family fund. bernard and denise schwartz. the cheryl and philip milstein family. the sylvia a. and simon b. poyta programming endowment to fight antisemitism. barbara hope zuckerberg. the leonard and norma klorfine foundation.

the peter g. peterson and joan ganz cooney fund. the estate of worthington mayo- smith. we try to live in the moment, to not miss what's right in front of us. at mutual of america, we believe taking care of tomorrow can help you make the most of today. mutual of america financial group, retirement services and investments. additional support has been provided by: consumer cellular. and by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the american people. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. yore watching pbs.

with some of your favorite hollywood stars? nicole kidman: hey, we get the chance to do it. chris rock: such an amazing gig. i love it. ramin: variety studio invites you to listen in as today's biggest actors talk to each other about their craft. josh o'connor: so many actors are so kind because we're constantly being empathetic. anya tayor-joy: putting ourselves in other people's shoes, yeah. ramin: with nicole kidman and chris rock, and josh o'connor and anya taylor-joy. ♪♪♪ ramin: welcome to "variety studio: actors on actors." i'm ramin setoodeh. as you can see, we're still not back in our studio, but we know you'll enjoy these revealing conversations with some of the best tv performers of the year from locations around the world. ♪♪♪ ramin: nicole kidman and cross rock are two movie stars who made a big splash in tv series this season.