♪ amna: good evening. i'm amna nawaz. judy woodruff is away. on the "newshour" tonight -- searching for survivors. rescue teams continue to comb through the wreckage of the surfside building collapse , then, extreme conditions. the pacific northwest grapples with a record-breaking heat wave and devastating drought. plus, battling diabetes -- how the pandemic has a disproportionate impact on americans living with the disease. >> during covid we were all told isolate, withdraw. , those are the opposite of what i would recommend to someone who's attempting to properly manage their mood and their diabetes. amna: all that and more on tonight's "pbs newshour."

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station from viewers like you. thank you. amna: the confirmed death toll from that tragic condo building collapse in surfside, florida, has now risen to 10 people, but more than 150 others are still missing. it's dangerous work, and rescue crews maneuver on top of a precarious pile of crumbled concrete and twisted steel, desperately searching for signs of life. in surfside, florida today, officials pled for patience. >> it's going to take time. it's not going to happen overnight. it is a 12 story buding. it will take time. amna: day five of relentless rescue work and an agonizing wait for families of the missing. >> we're going to continue and work ceaselessly to exhaust every possible option in our search. i repeat, the search-and-rescue operation continues. amna: no survivors have been found since the hours after the building collapsed last aided by teams from israel and thursday. mexico, rescuers continued

combing through the rubble with cranes and by hand. miami-dade fire rescue chief andy alvarez said more than 80 workers at a time are trying to tunnel into spaces where survivors might be found. >> we have found voids within the building that we have been able to penetrate, mostly coming, obviously, from underneath the building through the basement of what used to be the garage. amna: it's a painstaking process. radar, sonar, and sniffer dogs are being deployed, searching for signs of life. families of the missing are being bused in to visit the site. pascale bonnefoy's father, claudio bonnefoy, and his wife were in the building. >> we are just processing all this, but this is starting to make me angry, because reports from years are emerging about serious structural damage to the building. amna: a 2018 report by a consulting engineer hired to inspect the building said failed waterproofing of the pool deck caused "major structural damage"

to concrete slabs underneath. it also found serious deterioration in the underground parking garage. but, a month later, according to minutes from a board meeting obtained by npr, a surfside town inspector told residents the building was in "very good shape." questions remain about how those findings were both presented and handled at the time. surfside's mayor, charles burkett, promised to get to the bottom of it. >> we directed our staff to go ahead and scan every shred of documentation that the town of surfside has. the number one priority today is to rescue people out of that rubble. number two is to support the famies. we will get to that. just know that is in the works anwe will be 100% transparent. amna: while rescue teams have been searching the rubble for the better part of five days, hope is fading for many of the families gathered in southern florida. i'm joined now by mayor gabriel groisman of bal harbour, florida. he has been at the site of the scene for several days, speaking to search-and-rescue teams and spending time with the families of victims.

mr. mayor, thank you so much for making the time to be with us. we should note you have a connection to that building. it used to be your home years ago. what has it been like for you to see it in this state right now? mayor groisman: it has been horrendous, like it has been for everybody. i grew up in that building in the 1980's, my home in south first florida. but, more than that, the community we live in, my municipality is just north of surfside, but it is really just one community. we all know many people in the building, either directly or indirectly, and it's really just been a really devastating couple of days for our entire community. amna: tell me about the families. i know you have been in touch with them. we are on day five of the search and rescue operation. as we noted, hope is starting to fade. what are you hearing from them? what is the sense among the families right now? mayor groisman: the sense is

both despair, but also hope. one thing that is consistent th all of the families is hope. everybody is holding onto hope as much as they can. it is all we can do, it is all they can do, but of course, there are feelings of desperation and sadness. the room where the families is in at the hotel is one that is filled with very high level of emotion and tension. but they are holding onto hope, every single one of them. amna: we heard from the officials today, of course, they are still using all of the technology available to them. they have radar and sonar, the sniffer dogs we saw in the piece. they noted they're looking for these voids where they think there could still be survivors. is there any sense of a timeline moving forward, how long search-and-rescue operations continue? mayor groisman: i'm not sure about the timeline. the search-and-rescue is going to continue until they find everybody. i can tell you, i have visited the site every day in the morning and in the afternoon since this has happened, sometimes three times a day. and you see the progress and the different steps that they have

taken. in the last couple of days they have taken to removing the large pieces of debris, which is not an easy task. you have to remember they're working right under a 12-story building, the part of the building that's still standing. so it's a very dangerous task. and just yesterday, a worker fell some 25 feet every that has been reported. what has not been reported, a testament to the miami-dade fire rescue and the different teams that are there, that gentleman, that hero stood up after falling 25 feet and climbed back up to the top of the pile and continued working. and that's really an example and a testament to incredible fire rescue that we have in miami-dade county and the state and all the international help that we're getting. amna: mr. mayor, i know those search-and-rescue operations continue. the big question for everyone there, for everyone watching is, why and how did this happen? is there anything you have learned in the last five days that can shed light on that? mayor groisman: in the last five days, really, what we have had is speculation. it's important for all of us to know there's a lot of old buildings in south

florida, there's a lot of old buildings across the country. many buildings have reports of cracks, of things that need to be renovated, concrete renovation, etc. i am pretty confident that nobody would think any of those things would result in a building collapsing. now we are learning likely it could. in my municipality and every municipality across the state of florida, at least those on the beach, we're looking closely at the buildings that we have, the older buildings, to make sure that we are doing erything we can to ensure their safety. right now e mark is 40 years for recertification. in my city right after this, i have a meeting to discuss what we should be doing for the buildings that are maybe 10 years earlier than that, 30-year-old buildings, 35-year-old buildings? what can we do to assure that this will never happen again? amna: that is mayor gabriel groisman of bal harbour, florida, joining us tonight.

thank you so much, we are thinking of you and everyone in the community. mayor groisman: thank you so much. ♪ vanessa: i am vanessa ruiz from newshour west, in for stephanie sy. updating our top story. the mayor of miami-dade county said 11 people are confirmed dead in the surfside con collapse. 150 people remain unaccounted for as rescue teams continue to search through the rubble. secretary of state anthony blinken defended u.s. airstrikes on iranian-backed militia groups in syria and iraq. the pentagon said sundays strikes targeted the militia's operational and weapons storage facilities used to carry out drone attacks on u.s. troops in iraq. blinken said the u.s. acted in self-defense and sent a clear message -- >> the president is fully

prepared to act and act appropriately and deliver lead to protect u.s. interests, our people, our personnel. i would hope the message sent i the strikes last night will be heard and deter future action. vanessa: hours later, u.s. military spokesperson confirmed multiple rockets targeted u.s. forces in syria, but there were no immediate reports of injuries or damage. president biden welcomed outgoing israeli president reuven rivlin to the white house today. mr. biden reaffirmed u.s. support for israel, and insisted that iran will never obtain a nuclear weapon on his watch. he also said he looks forward to meeting the new israeli prime minister naftali bennett soon. the u.s. supreme court today refused to hear a dispute over banning transgender students from using school restrooms that reflect their gender identity. the justices rejected a virginia school board's appeal, leaving

in place lower court rulings that found the policy was unconstitutional. the case was filed by a former transgender student who was barred from using the bo bathroom at his high school. covid cases are surging rapidly across australia as the highly contagious delta variant spreads. lockdowns were ordered in parts of sydney and darwin to help contain new clusters. only 5% of australia's population is fully vaccinated. meanwhile, the biden administration announced it will ship 2 million doses of the pfizer vaccine to peru and 1.5 million doses of the moderna vaccine to pakistan. ethiopia's government declared an immediate cease-fire today in the country's tigray region. that area has seen nearly eight months of fighting between army and rebel forces -- resulting in the world's worst famine crisis in a decade. the halt in violence wl give humanitarian groups time to

delir aid to hundreds of thousands of people in need. a new report out today from the united nations' human rights chief is calling on the world to end systemic racism. the report focused on centuries of mistreatment toward africans and people of african descent. it also found high levels of racial profiling and excessive use of force by law enforcement in north america, europe, and latin america. in a video message from geneva, michelle bachelet said reparations alone are not enough. >> we need a transformative approach that tackles the interconnected areas that drive racism, and lead to repeated, wholly avoidable, tragedies like the death of george floyd. states must show stronger political will to accelerate action for racial justice, redress inequality through specific, time-bound commitments to achieve results. vanessa: u.s. judge throughout

antitrust allegations saying they were legally insufficient and did not prove that facebook was a monopoly. the ftc alleged facebook was abusing its power to eliminating smaller competitors. the judge dismissed the complaint but left open the possibility that the ftc could file another complaint. the ftc said it is assessing the best option forward. e-cigarette maker juul has agreed to pay to north carolina $40 million to settle a lawsuit claiming it marketed its products to young people. the state accused the company of downplaying the harm its high-nicotine product can cause, and creating an epidemic of addiction among teenagers. similiar lawsuits are pending in 13 other states and the district of columbia. one of the national collegiate athletic association's top panels today recommended allowing college athletes to profit off their name, image, and likeness. that means student athletes could make money off

endorsements, autograph signings, and social media. the recommendation comes just three days before new laws were set to go into effect in several ates making that possible. the ncaa's board of directors is expected to vote on thproposal wednday. stilted, on "newshour," the pandemic's disproportionate impact on americans living with diabetes. amy walter and tamra keith break down the latest political news. peter osnos reflects on five decades as a reporter and editing four u.s. presidents. plus, the sweeping history of african-american food captured in "high on the hog." ♪ >> this is the "pbs newshour," from weta studios in washington and from the west from the

walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. amna: the pacific northwest is getting hit for a third straight day with record-setting triple digit temperatures. the heat wave is straining the capacity in the region and forcing people to find relief wherever they can. stephanie sy reports from oregon. stephanie: another day, another record-breaking high across the pacific northwest. in portland, oregon, temperatures hit 108 degrees on saturday, then 112 on sunday. today, highs were expected to reach 115. in ashland, oregon, people and their pets took shelter at a cooling center, offering air conditioning and cold water. >> i think it's a public health emergency. stephanie mayor julie akins : warned, the heat can be deadly. the most vulnerable in this heat wave are the most vulnerable all the time and of the heatwave exacerbates that. we are talking unhoused people,

people below the poverty line, people who don't have air conditioning in their homes or cannot afford the high-power bills. stephanie: excessive heat warnings are in effect across oregon and washington state, as well as parts of california, nevada, idaho, and montana. the national weather service estimates temperatures are up to 30 degrees higher than they normally would be at this time. scientists believe human-driven climate change increases the odds and intensity of more extreme heat waves. meanwhile, utility companies face soaring demand, leading to power outages for thousands. many homes in the region don't have air conditioning at all. >> this breaker right here runs most of the power to the trailer. stephanie: allan shepherd does have air conditioning in his r.v., where he lives with his grandkids, but it's been unreliable since the weekend. >> we let the kids run down to to the showers and take showers and it cools them off for a while.

we have ac, but it breaks the breakers. stephae: shepherd has lived in the r.v. since his mobile home burned down in a wildfire last september. now some of the same dry conditions, coupled with the unprecedented heat, are dredging up familiar fear for folks like charlie and lenore shiveley, who also lost their home to a wildfire last year. >> we have been discussing that amongst ourselves, building back in a wildfire area. a whole year and a year-and-a-half or two could go by, and the same thing could happen. we are in our 70s, and it's like, let's start over again. amna: stephanie joins me from the city of ashland in southern oregon. stephanie, it's good to see you. fill us in a little bimore on the picture about what you're seeing there on the ground, the impact of these extraordinary temperatures. stephanie: amna, we're at the epicenter of what is the most intense heat wave in this region in recorded history. it is 109 here in ashland, oregon.

it has reached its peak. i have been out here for about 25 minutes, and i can feel my heart starting to race. it is not just here. this heat dome is covering much of the western united states, all the way up into canada. the fact is, people here are just not prepared for this, they're not equipped for it. about two-thirds of oregon households have air conditioning. that is one third that does not have it. in seatt, those households are even fewer. we are seeing lot of people trying to find cool ples to be in this extreme heat. amna: we see you're standing there across the street from a fire station. how are authorities coping? how are officials handling all this? stephanie: what they're doing is, they're standing up cooling centers throughout the state at libraries, at convention centers, where people who don't have a.c. can seek relief. we have seen people go through their. to emphasize how dangerous this heat can be, we did hear of one man with a developmental

disability that showed up at the cooling center here in ashland last night with symptoms of heat stroke. he did have to be hospitalized, was released and had to stay in shelter. it's the unhoused people that they're looking the most carefully at, that they're concerned about. they are the most vulnerable. you see that economic disparity. people with a little more money are booking hotels. hotels are booked out in this area for people seeking relief for the next couple of days. amna: as we reported before, there is a difference between weather and climate we are talking about these extreme temperatures right now, but what does that mean about the larger and longer-term concerns for folks out there? stephanie: this current weather pattern, amna, is just one aspect of what state officials here in oregon have deemed a climate crisis. this state is extremely scarce of water right now. they are in the middle of a 20-year drought, as is much of the western united states, not to mention that we're at the

beginning of wildfire season. and a year ago, wildfire season here in oregon was devastating. towns were lost, homes were lost. we interviewed people today that are still living in rv's in those parks without homes rebuilt. they are still recovering. firefighters here are really hoping that they don't see any new sparks of wildfires during this extreme heat wave, which isn't supposed to lift until tuesday. we can look at any one weather pattern and say there are a lot of factors that contributed to it, but without any prompting, several officials we spoke do do point to human-caused climate change and they see this as an example of an alarm bell ringing in a cacophony of alarm bells here in oregon, and at climate needs to be addressed, that the warming trend needs to be reversed with immediate action. that's what we're hearing. amna: it is a disturbing trend, for sure. and worrying, worrying conditions on the ground. that is stephanie sy braving 109-degree heat to bring us that report from southern oregon. stephanie, good to see you. please stay safe. stephanie: thank you.

♪ amna: as states climb their way out of the pandemic, it's tempting to think that, in some ways, we can put the last ye-a-half behind us and move on. but for many families of kids with diabetes, that's not an option. as john yang reports, covid-19 has left a lasting mark on both their physical and mental health. john: numbers are a big part of nine-year-old jackson scamehorn's everyday life, not his videogame scores he's , focused on his blood sugar levels. >> i'm at 203 right now, going up, which that's high. >> every night lately, you have been going high. john: jackson has type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disease that prevents his body from making insulin. that's the hormone that regulates sugar, or

glucose, in the bloodstream. >> you have to do your short-acting. john: each morning, he and his mom, heather, carefully calculate how many sugars and carbs he can eat throughout the day, and how much insulin he will have to give himself to process them. >> for me, 20 carbs is about one unit and 30 is 1.5 units. john: so, it's a constant balancing act between blood sugar and insulin? >> yes. this is once he was in icu. john jackson's diabetes was : diagnosed in february. >> it was about 9:00 p.m., and then i took him into urgent care. john: he had been lethargic and nauseous. tests found that his sugar levels were dangerously high. >> the doctor said, actually, his numberare worse than we thought. he has cranium inflammation and he's in diabetic ketoacidosis. he needs to go to icu. john: ketoacidosis happens when

blood sugar is too high too long. ketoacidosis, how high of an alarm does that represent? >> code red. it can lead to coma, brain swelling, death. john: pediatrician henry rodriguez is clinical director at the university of south florida diabetes center. he says during the pandemic more kids have showing up in emergency rooms with dangerously high glucose levels. >> if you think about the amount of time pre-covid that children spend at school versus at home, at school they're in fairly a , fairly structured environment. you know, caretakers, teachers recognize if sally, for instance, is getting up repeatedly to go use the restroom that's a cardinal sign , potentially of a high blood sugar and diabetes. john: stress can also raise glucose levels. jackson's mom says remote learning was very stressful. >> he had a lot of anxiety switching classes, switching teachers. it did not cause, but it

might've raised his glucose numbers because of the stress and put him into diabetic ketoacidosis. john: 13-year-old hailey platz was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes when she was four. she says this past year has been awful. >> i have been a straight-a student my entire life. my grades dropped, i struggle to pass this year, because it was covid. i do way better at school. my depression was -- i had no motivation. john: normally, hailey would be looking forward to diabetes summer camp, a chance to connect with other kids with diabetes. >> they can relate a lot and you don't feel like you are the only person going through it. john: but this summer, camp is online only. >> when i found out that was canceled, i was devastated. >> during covid, we were all told isolate, withdraw. those , are the opposite of what i would recommend to someone who's attempting to properly manage

both their mood and their anxiety and their diabetes. john: psychologist julie reich says, even before the pandemic, children with type 1 diabetes were more likely to suffer depression. covid has only made things worse. >> if and when you're depressed, it's still an issue or problem, in the sense that you frequently neglect a lot of self-care. >> sometimes, when, like, i go super high and my insulin is running out and my pump dies, i feel like i can do it in a minute. but it turns into hours, maybe a day and i did not do it. my pump just shuts off, and i go super high. john: it sounds like cycle. you feel badly, so you don't take care of yourself. as a result, it compounds on itself. >> yes. john: a recent study from the university of south alabama found diabetic children's

average blood sugar levels increased during quarantine, likely due to the change in routine, more snacking, lack of exercise, and increased stress. the worst outcomes were among black and economically disadvantaged children. that is worrisome because high glucose can lead to long-term health complications, like heart disease and nerve damage. >> they tried to send us hypoallergenic pumps. john: the pandemic has also caused a strain on parents. hailey's mom, heather platz, who also has type 1 diabetes, has been racking up extra hours as a hospital nurse because of covid. >> i get text messages, emails, about them being short staffed time. it's balance between, like, wanting to help them out, needing the money to get the overtime and being home for my family. john: the money helps pay the high price of managing her and hailey's diabetes. even with insurance, vital medical supplies can cost thousands of dollars a year.

platz considers herself one of the lucky ones because she has insurance. the american diabetes association estimates that, during the pandemic, 12% of people with diabetes had their health insurance disrupted by job loss, and 25% rationed medical supplies to save money. >> it should not be, your insurance is not as good, so you can't have these gadgets that could save your life. it is not fair. john: since his diagnosis, jackson scamehorn has become pretty good at harmonizing his sugar intake with insulin injections to keep his blood sugar stable. that's allowing him to do more of the things he loves, like playing in the pool with his little brother, landon. >> i can last five hours outside now. about five hours before i want to lay down now. john: helping him get back in the swim of things. for the "pbs newshour," i'm john

yang in tampa, florida. ♪ amna: a breakthrough on infrastructure has led to optimism about bipartisanship on capitol hill, but also a fresh set of challenges that come with compromise. our politics monday team is here to analyze it all. that's amy walter of the cook political report and tamara keith of npr. welcome to you both. tam, let's talk about those fresh challenges now. last week there was celebration. there was a bipartisan bill. you saw president biden walk out with a group of senators. an infrastructure bill moving forward quickly gave way to republican anger after president biden said he would only sign that infrastructure bill if it was paired with a larger reconciliation package. i want to show you one thing. saturday president biden walked that back, said, the bottom line is this, i gave my word to support the infrastructure plan. and that's what i intend to do. i fully stand behind it without

reservation or hesitation. here is senator romney on monday. >> i am totally confident the president will sign it if it comes to his desk the real challenge is whether the democrats can get their act together and get it on his desk. i think the battle that's going on is not with republicans. amna: what is going on, is the infrastructure bill still on track? tamara: the only reason senator romney was able to go on a sunday television show and say he thinks things are on track and he trusts president biden is because president biden issued that walk-back. president biden really did seem to be issuing a veto threat. he did not mean it, but when he said he needed both bills on his desk to be able to sign it, it made it sounlike he wasn't going to be willing to support this bipartisan infrastructure deal that he had just announced unless he also got this second-track item, this american families plan, which would have to pass with democratic votes

alone. this all along has been like he's going to have to do a high-wire act while spinning plates in both hands, because he's trying to keep democrats, who have the narrowest of margins, together and coalesced, while, at the same time, getting republicans on board to pass this part that's the bipartisan infrastructure plan. you saw up late fall. he has picked it back up and they are spending again. this will not be easy. it was never going to be easy. this past four days was a signal of that. amna: amy, how does the president do it, how does he keep the rest of the plates in the air? amy: that was excellent plate spending versus bumps in the road, which is easy to get -- which is easy to do with , infrastructure, which was what i was going to use.

the reality for getting both of these through is still there. you still have speaker pelosi, saying, we absolutely must have a reconciliation bill a , democrats-only bill that has the extra funding for things like education, childcare, climate, before we pass something like a bipartisan infrastructure bill. we talk a lot about the memories of the last time there was a democratic president and democrats were in charge. there were many democrats, for example, who voted for something with the intention of seeing it voted on the senate only to be told we don't have votes in the senate. they want to be very clear on the house side that they're going to get what they ask for. the other big road bump is, of course, the 50/50 democratic senate. and already we have seen that joe manchi's name again is front and center. he has come out and said he

likes the idea of supporting another big-spending domestic program, but not at the rate, not the cost that senator bernie sanders is suggesting, somewhere close to $6 trillion. so, this number is going to be moving around a great deal between now and the end of the summer. it just means that there's a lot of this very delicate work that needs to get done over the summer. traditionally, this is when members like to go home. they're not really used to working over the summer recess. and, again, the closer we get to the end of the year, the harder it gets. members start to focus on their reelections. we will hear more about redistricting. politics are going to start getting in the way. they want to move this as quickly as possible. amna: tam, there's clearly challenges ahead within the democratic caucus on the reconciltion bill, right, if the american families plan moves forward that way. even just with infrastructure, which seemed like it was a success last week, are there still 10 republicans backing

that? tamara: it seems like there probably are still 10 republicans backing that. but the issue that arose when president biden said that those two things were linked, which, as amy points out, democrats in congress really do believe that those two things are linked and pelosi and schumer will control the schedule, not the white house. what happened with republicans is, it became clear that their idea that the american families plan may not be able to make it, joe manchin may sink that, if it is linked, then their hope, their plan, their plan to fight against the american families plan, while supporting infrastructure that is broadly popular, well, then that would have gone out the window, which is why they pushed back and were upset. amna: speaking of speaker pelosi, we just today saw her introduce this bill in my hands. this will allow them to start moving forward to form that select committee to investigate

the january 6 insurrection. we knew this was coming. we have a few quick highlights. 13 members total, eight by majority five with minority , input. speaker pelosi appoints the chair. that chair has subpoena power and there is no deadline for that report. a couple things that stand out to me, that chair has subpoena power. amy: the chair has subpoena power. the one person that is getting a lot of attention is the minority leader in the house, kevin mccarthy. there are reports about a heated discussion that mccarthy had with then president trump as the attack on the capitol was happening. i am sure there are many democrats who would like to hear him under oath tell that story and what the president's reaction was to this. the other thing that sticks out to me, amna, is the fact that there's no timeline to get it done. the reason there is a select committee is because a bipartisan commission was

rejected. one of the things that the bipartisan commission would have had in place is that this report is done by the end of this year. without a deadline, it means that this can drag out through 2022. in the past these commissions have been used to put the other side on their heels. benghazi, of course, is the most recent example. it was designed to put the focus on democrats and put them in a very not particularly good light, the obama administration particularly, and hillary clinton specifically. we will see if democrats decide to do the same here. and a lot is going to depend on who pelosi decides to put on this committee. is she going to put the kinds of folks who like and relish getting into those sort of political battles, or maybe some of the more, i don't know if mellow is the right word, but ones who are a little less interested in having the fight

for the fight's sake. amna: mellow is not a word we hear often when we're talking about politics. what's your takway from this? how is this likely to unfold? tamara: what stands out to me is this idea of input from the minority leader. will kevin mccarthy be able to pick the republican members, or will he not? we will learn more details as this develops, but also, who will be on the commission, whether they will approach it as a fact-finding mission, or whether the various partisan members of the commission will use it as an opportunity to highlight the divides that already exist. i mean, the reality is that this select committee is going to have a difficult time breaking through in our extremely divided

politics, at a time when reality is in question, where there is not an agreement on truth or reality or what happened, just the base facts of what happened on january 6. amna: and we have seen former president trump out this past weekend as well continuing to message on this. amy, real quick, before we go. amy: i just wanted to say that's the other question, then, is, will speaker pelosi put a republican on that committee, somebody like a liz cheney or an adam kinzinger, who has spoken out against the president, to show that maybe that will make something break through, rather than it just being democrats vs. republicans. we will see. amna: we will see. amy walter, tamara keith, our politics monday team, good to see you both. ♪ amna: now to the man behind a number of bestsellers, including books by four u.s. presidents.

judy woodruff recently sat down with peter osnos to talk about his new memoir, "an especially good view: watching history happen." judy: peter osnos, thank you for joining us. you had an especially good view, as the book is titled. this is a book full of stories, your parents narrowly escape hitler taking over poland. you write about being a chicago student, going to the american south during the civil rights movement. you were stationed as a repter in moscow and london and here in washington, but then you made an abrupt turn and went from journalism to book publishing. which is closer to peter osnos, the reporter or the book editor? peter: what i discovered was, as a reporter, you get out, you write the story, and you go.

as a book editor or publisher, you get the story, the story gets written, and you have to sell the story. that is a different experience for a journalist. somewhere along the line it turns out i like the process of making the book available in addition to acquiring it. judy: when you covered washington, it was the 1960's and the 1970's, a glamorous time to be a reporter. you worked with the famous counterculture editor, izzy stone. describe what washington was like then to a young journalist today who has no memory of that. peter: pres. biden: it was -- peter: it was an amazing era. in that time, the opportunity to learn was so profound.

they sent me to vietnam at the age of 26. they sent me to moscow after that. it was an incredible education. what i understood, and this was important, the newsroom values were the ones that counted most. we had such a strong commercial base in washington. we were for and about washington. it changed over time. today, the washington post is in the washington, but boy is it global. it is all over the world. judy: you turn from years of being a reporter to being a book editor. you were based in new york city, but worked from presidents from jimmy carter to bill clinton, barack obama. talk about what they were like as writers. what was it like to work with them?

peter: i had four presidents. two of them i did not expect in a million years to be presidents. the first, jimmy carter. i did a bunch of books with them. he was an incredibly authentic human being. bill clinton, i did his campaign manifesto in 1992. and of the book for his 1996 campaign, which we kept secret. it came out just before the election. people were stunned. it was not that explosive a book. i was very glad to have the chance to see the charisma clinton at. then, barack obama, donald trump. barack came to me as a young man. his book had been turned down, he had missed a deadline. they said, you want to meet this young guy? of course i do

i was very impressed, we published the book and it was 10 years later after it originally came out when he spoke at the convention that the book took off. when i got the people together who worked with me on the book, they said, this is one of the great books written by somebody who became president. i worked with trump for five years on two books. what i saw then, what i watched carefully from a distance ever since. judy: this was well before he ran for president. peter: this was 1987. we published "art of the deal," which put him on the map. one million copies in three months. that is an extraordinary number of books. what i ten -- then new and saw 30 years later, donald trump has some way of reaching people,

reaching a certain kind of people that find him thrilling and inspiring. at i saw was a young man, lived in the apartment above his office, just like in the white house, did not smoke, did not drink, was very focused on what matters to him. you have to recognize the degree to which donald trump for 40 years was in new york real estate construction, gambling, boxing, wrestling. no prosecutor ever touched him. he had an extraordinary opacity to navigate the complex world he was in. judy: you were very open to take time in this book to talk about your own experience in recent years with depression. it is something that is hard for others to acknowledge.

what made you decide to write about it? peter: at this advanced stage of my life and career, i came to understand that stress is something everybody feels at one point or another to one degree or another. we need to understand, anticipate it is not all going to be smooth. in my very fortunate life, i wanted to explain to the best ability i have that stress, difficulties, wrinkles, are inevitable. you will go through it and how you manage it will determine a lot about what happens. it is a phenomenon universal, stress and consequences. judy: peter osnos, i know many people will thank you for being candid and open about an

experience so many americans, so manyeople have experienced it themselves. the book is "an especially good view." peter osnos, thank you so much. peter: thank you, judy. ♪ amna: "high on the hog" tells the sweeping history of african-american food, first as a book, and now as a highly acclaimed four-part series on netflix. special correspondent charlayne hunter-gault talked with some of the show's creative team about why this has approached such instincts. this is part of our arts and culture series canvas. >> "high on the hog" begins at dan-tokpa market, benin, west africa tracing the history both of african-american food and the slave trade from there to the united states.

a journey that helped host stephen satterfield explore his roots. stephen: i feel like the experience of seeing my own likeness reflected in the hair, our style, our garments, how we wear stuff, our swagger, our ingenuity, our resourcefulness. charlayne: the show's title is based on the breakthrough book from a decade by historian and writer dr. jessica harris, whose work i applauded in the past. jessica yams, peas, beans, black : eyed peas, va beans. all of those things that now join us are things that came with us. charlayne: harris guides satterfield in the first episode. i felt so nurtured and so stephen: honored to be a part of her work and legacy in this way.

charlayne: executive producers and creative partners karis jagger and fabienne toback studied and marked up her book for months. how did you find her and how much help was she in your initial creation of the series? >> a dear friend of mine sent me the cover of the book and said re this, it will change your life. i read it in one sitting. karis and i have been working together for about a decade now, i gave it to her and we just read it and cried. this is the culmination of many, many, many years of her work. we really wanted to treat it with the utmost care and consideration. charlayne: like its source

material, "high on the hog" acts as a historical corrective, pushing back on the erasure of the contributions african-american chefs and cooks like james hemings, a paris-trained chef and for most of his life was thomas jefferson's slave. hemings helped introduce mac & cheese to america. this was largely unknown, even to his own descendants. stephen you must have grown up : eating mac & cheese. how did it feel when you realize you were a descendant of the family that helped popularize this dish in the u.s.? >> i did not grow up with that knowledge. i did not learn that until recently. now i am wondering where my royalties are. [laughter] charlayne: a few decades after heming's death free black , entrepreneurs in philadelphia like robt bogle went on to found the nation's first

professional catering businesses. these companies became a fixture of high society and served black and white clients into the 20th century. >> my family was one of the first pioneers of that, the dutrieuilles. so this is one of the first photos that i saw where i was like, people lived like this? how come we don't know more about this? i love this photo. it says so much. >> the thing for us was to keep weaving the hard stuff with the joy. that is the route that we were taking, because i think without one, it becomes overwhelming. you need the balance. charlayne: that is such a great phrase you used, the hard stuff with the joy. black history at the moment is being challenged throughout the country. are you hopeful that the show will isome way add to the

dialogue in a positive way? >> absolutely. when we looked at developing this book into a series, you know, there are indisputable facts in the book. it's not an opinion piece. these are stories deeply woven into the nation and our nation's food. we wanted to illuminate these histories so they would have some memory or recollection from where that mac & cheese, how it came here. charlayne: "high on the hog" does not always look back, it is also firmly rooted in the present. jagger and toback started their , own food blog "hey, sista," defined innovators of modern black food culture. >> it is about community and a way to come together. that is something we show a lot.

every episode focuses on a communal table and meal. that is what food is. it's about having my family come together, having my friends come together, breaking bread, learning things. that's where i get my joy. charlayne: the show was produced and led by a mostly black creative team, including acamy award winning director roger ross williams. >> there's so much power in each of us and connecting our own personal, ancestral historical identities to the food we eat every day. charlayne: did you have in mind a certain audience as you participated? what was in your own mind as you pursued this? stephen we wanted black people : to feel seen and embraced and inspired and loved by this work

what you have is something very unique for black people in which our stories are put into our hands and our care without needed additional context, without filtration. that is not to say this is only for black people. there is a lot to be garnered for the ways in which we can simultaneously celebrate the contributions of a particular culture, but also as human beings appreciate those contbuons for our collective lives and societies. charlayne: in these racially divisive times, satterfield and executive producers toback and jagger all feel optimistic about the power of inclusive storytelling. >> we see negative cycles all the time. we have to keep being hopeful that we managed to get out of them. a lot of things have changed since emancipation and unfortunately, a lot of things

are the same. let's keep being hopeful. charlayne: further "pbs newshour ," i'm charlayne hunter-gault. amna: "pbs newshour "pbs newshour on the" online, the u.s. has made remarkable progress getting americans the success is not shared equally across the country. some states and cities are hitting vaccine highs, while others lag behind. vaccine rates are lower among young people and people of color. we look at where though vaccine rollout is faltering and how i can reach more people. you can read more on the website, pbs.org/newshour. that is it further "pbs newshour " tonight. i'm amna nawaz. thank you, stay safe, see you soon. >> funding further "pbs newshour " provided by -- >> caregiver, eclipse chaser,

your raymondjames financial advisor tailors advice to help you live your life. >> consumer cellular. johnson & johnson. bnsf railway. the kendeda fund, mmitted to restoring justice and meaningful work in transformative leaders and ideas. more at kendedafund.org. >> the alfred p. sloan foundation, driven by the promise of good ideas. >> the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation, committed to a more just, verdant, and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org .

and with the ongoing support of these institutions -- this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ >> this is "pbs newshour west" from weta studios in washington and our bureau at the walter cronkite university at arina state university. ♪ ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.] ♪

♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ -welcome to "america's test kitchen at home." today, i'm going to make a rustic peach tart tatin. adam has a roundup of cake pans. then, bridget's making petite financiers.