♪ judy: good evening. on "newshour" tonight, combating covid. i vaccine could soon be available for children under age five, raising hopes and more questions for parents. then, tension in europe. diplomatic efforts intensified across the continent amid the threat of a russian invasion of ukraine. and democry in crisis. new reports former president from seized voting machines in a bid to overturn his 2020 election defeat.

>> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> for 25 years, consumer cellular has been offering no contract wireless plans designed to help people do more of what they like. our customer service team can help find a plan that fits you. to learn more, visit consumercellular.tv. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> the john s and james l knight foundation, fostering an informed that engaged communities. >> and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions.

this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. judy: children younger than five may be able to get a covid vaccine by the end of this month. pfizer asked the food and drug administration today to authorize two low-dose shots for children between six months and five years o. at the same time, pfizer and its partner biontech are investigating if three doses would work better. this has been long awaited by many, and for more, we turn to a professor of pediatric infectious disease at stanford university who has helped

conduct trials for the under five vaccine. welcome back to "the newshour." what do you think this move by pfizer? dr. maldonado: i think it will be a cautious move forward. we know the two-dose vaccine trials did not give the results that were expected in the two to four-year-olds in particular, and the third dose will be a hopeful next step, but in the meantime, it does appear there may be some data to support limited use of the two-dose vaccine, that it may actually have some effectiveness. it is clearly very safe, so that is not the concern. judy: it has been reported that pfizer was encouraged by the food and dru administration to go ahead and request authorization. i want to clarify something you just that, and that is that the trials showed two-dose much lower dose regimen was working

very well providing protection for children six months up to two years, but as you just said, two to four, it was not. can you explain what that is all about? is it the amount of vaccine or what? dr. maldonado: first of all, let me just say we have not seen any of the data, even though we are doing the trials. we are all blinded to the data, which is important. we hope the fda will post the data and we hope to get a better look, but the bottom line is that the dose being given to the under five by necessity needs to be lower because the higher doses given to the five to 11-year-olds, which themselves were less than the adult dose, so it is 30, 10, and three micrograms, so a step-wise lowering of the dose -- they just provide better tolerance of the vaccine. the lowest dose provides a very acceptable safety profile, but it also did not provide the same

high degree of antibody responses that were seen in the older children and adults. we just do not know the data. we have not seen it yet, so it would be helpful to see to what degree there were positive antibody responses in that age group, and perhaps there may even be some data around prevention of disease and prevention of symptomatic cases. judy: what i was courting a moment ago has been from news reports, but i hear what you were saying, that all the data has not been released, but on balance, does it sound like a wise thing to do right now, to go ahead and seek this authorization, get the authorization, even if you wait to see how effective a third dose would be? dr. malden auto: you know, that is a good question. first of all, i do not think the industry sponsor nor the fda would move ahead if they did not think they had a compelling argument.

they are very good, both the company and fda, at this vaccine approval process. they have been doing it well even before the pandemic and have done an excellent job during the pandemic, so i think they must have data that is going to support their argument, but not having seen the data, i cannot really make up my mind. i will just have to take a look and make sure that their messaging is not only to those of us in the field of vax analogy but to the general public as well. judy: two parents listening, i think what you are saying is certainly reassuring -- to parents listening. of children ages six to 11, there has already been a degree of reluctance to have children vaccinated. i think it is something like 29%. how concerned are you that there

will be ongoing reluctance among parents of these youngest children? dr. malden auto: that is a great point. it is frustrating to see people who are very anxious to get their kids vaccinated but then this whole group of people who have not done it. i'm not sure it is a safety or fear issue. i really think that the messaging about the significance of covid in children has been really underplayed. this is a disease that is the eighth most common cause of death among children in the u.s., but when you compare it to data in adults, clearly, children are not dieting, fortunately, at the same rate. that does not mean it is not an important disease that needs to be eradicated in kids, and that is the message i do not think is getting out to the general public. judy: you are saying there is a reason to get this vaccination in children. dr. maldonado: absolutely.

we have been overrun with hospitalizations. we know there have been over 1000 children who have died, and again, not to make light of that number, we know that adults have died in many higher numbers, but that is not a reason to allow children to die unnecessarily, and we know that this vaccine is safe. it has been shown over and over again, so the messaging is really about families thinking this is a risk if it in their children's favor. judy: i think you are right. for many people, that story has not been widely dispersed. dr. maldonado at stanford university, thank you very much. dr. malden auto: -- dr. maldonado: thank you. stephanie: we will return to the full program after the latest headlines. russia's president, vladimir putin, accused the u.s. and its

allies of ignoring moscow's security demands amid tensions over ukraine, but he says he is willing to hold more talks. meanwhile, britain's prime minister boris johnson visited ukraine and again threaten sanctions if russia invades. the head of the fbi has fired a new broadside at china, charging that it represents aore brazen threat to the u.s. than ever. in a speech last night, christopher wray accused beijing of rampant cybercrime, among other things. he said the fbi opens new cases to counter chinese intelligence operations about every 12 hours. >> when we tally up what we see in over -- in our investigations, over two thousand of which are focused on the chinese government trying to steal our information and technology, there is just no country that presents a broader threat to our ideas, our innovation. stephanie: the accusations come

just days before china the winter olympics, and olympic organizers in china are trying to allay any years of covid-19 ahead of friday's opening ceremonies. officials reported infections are within an expected range. citizens held a silent strike against army rule in myanmar. businesses close and people stayed home. united nations officials said at least 1500 protesters have then killed since the coup. >> it is time for an urgent renewed effort to restore human rights and democracy in myanmar and to ensure the perpetrators of systematic human rights violations and abuses are held to account. stephanie: a special and i donations investigator said the military has carried out mass killings and bombed villes in a bid to stamp out armed

resistance. millions of people across asia and around the world celebrated the lunar new year today. colorful light displays, music, and dancing welcomed the year of the tiger. many festivities were scaled back or canceled again because of the pandemic. that in thisountry, another major winter storm has become its's -- begun its sweep across a huge swath of states. heavy snow and freezing rain are expected from the rockies to texas to the midwest and ultimately new england. just a year ago, another storm shut down texas' power grid and killed hundreds of people. a fire at a north carolina fertilizer plant forced thousands from their homes today over fears of a china explosion. lames erupted last night at the plt in winston-salem, but fire crews pulled back and set up a one-mile evacuation radius because hundreds of tons of ammonium nitrate was stored there. >> the post because it stores

ammonium nitrate, and there's somewhere between 300 and 600 tons of ammonium nitrate in this facility. stephanie: drugmaker johnson & johnson and three leading drug distributors have agreed to pay 590 million dollars to american indian tribes over opioid abuse. a federal courtutlined the settlement today. the company is working on a settlement with state and local governments. there's word that new mexico senator ben ray lujan suffered a stroke last week. he had surgery to reduce swelling on the brain. he is expected to make a full of a covering. for now, his absence leaves

senate democrats with just 49 votes, and the senate commerce committee announced it will delay votes for nominees to three federal commissions due to his absence. tom brady made it official today . the most successful quarterback in nfl history is retiring after 22 seasons and seven super bowl wins. he played 20 years wit the knowing when patriots and the last two with the tampa bay buccaneers. to come, what research says about who is most likely to suffer from long covid. and congressman ro khanna discovers his book "dignity in a digital age." how tom brady's record career changed the game of football. plus much more. >> this is the "pbs newshour" from weta studios in washington and in the west, from the walter cronkite school of journalism at

arizona state university. judy: when vladimir putin spoke about ukraine today, it was the first time he had done so in four months. his marks, as more than 100,000 russian troops surround ukraine on three sides. our coverage begins with a new russian military base in far western belarus. >> on the border of russian allied belarus and nato member poland, russian soldiers today set up shop. the west fears they could invade ukraine at any time, but in moscow, russian president vladimir putin endorsed clumsy. >> i hope that in the end, we will find a solution, though is it's not easy. we are aware of it. >> putin also said recent u.s. and nato documents disregarded his demands. >> we did not see an adequate response to our three key demands -- preventing expansion of nato, the non-deployment of strike bins systems near russian

borders, and returning the military infrastructure of nato in europe to the positions existing in 1987. >> europe rejected those demands and today showed off american jets in estonia, just a few miles from the russian border. instead, the u.s. is offering to discuss jewel limits on exercises like these in poland and mutual deployments. senior u.s. officials say that is what secretary of state antony blinken and russian foreign minister sergei lavrov talked about today that will form the basis of future diplomacy. >> we are prepared to engage in serious diplomacy with the russian federation. >> moscow tried to repel the soviet empire. >> in the ukraine, a show of thanks for nato nations that have supported the ukrainian

military. today, british prime minister boris johnson became the first western head of government to visit ukrainian president zelensky during the crisis. both morant war could challenge europe's future. >> this is not going to be a war of ukraine and russia. this is going to be a european war, a full-fledged war. >> it is about something even bigger, i'm afraid. it is about the whole european security architecture. >> over the last few months, europeans have emphasized a united front against russia. french president emmanuel macron, who has spoken to putin twice in four days, endorses eu talks with russia instead of u.s.-russia talks. the italian prime minister, who talked to putin today, has downplayed the russian threat.

germany set ukraine help but refuses to send weapons and publicly refuses to kill the nord stream 2 pipeline in case of invasion. today, the polish prime minister criticized germany for giving putin leverage over europe. >> by launching nord stream 2, berlin is giving putin the weapon which he will use to blackmail all of europe. >> for more on if europe is united in the face of russian threats, we get two views. the chair of the warsaw security form, a nato organization that holds high-level conferences on security, who is also chair of security and professor at the warsaw school of economics, and the vice president and director of the berlin office of the german marshall fund in the united states, a think tank that promotes u.s.-european

cooperation. welcome, both, to "the newshour ." what is your reaction to what we just heard, mixed messages from vladimir putin, on the idea of diplomacy, but also saying the u.s. and nato failed to meet his demands? >> let's be honest -- it has not been a good week for vladimir putin. we have seen unprecedented unity on the side of many nato member states, and for the first time really trying to put together sanctions that would hurt. from the united kingdom declaring that it will sanction ssian oligarchs living in the u.k. and nothing is off the table here to denmark or of course the baltic states, poland already sending arms to ukraine, soladimir putin sees that

western allies in the nato alliance is extremely serious. >> is that how you see it? western unity? >> europeans disagree with each other that -- that europeans disagree with each other with nothing unusual. that is what happens all the time. the european union is a compromise machine to deal with it. the unusual thing now is indeed unity. focusing from the same soft sheet, and i think that is what vladimir putin achieved with his sweat, and in some ways, that may not be what he expected to hear. there is no assist in there always will be no assist, but the big issue is i think western countries have understood what this is about.

>> we have germany, for examp, not sending weapons to ukraine, refusing to publicly say nord stream 2 will be canceled in the face of invasion while, as you said, the u.k. and eastern countries are supporting u.k. and trying to publicly support zelinski himself. >> i say with great regret sitting here in warsaw germany has lost a chance for its new government's foreign policy to really stand up to a challenge. i do agree with the regional assessment here in warsaw and baltic states and in ukraine that because of the fears, lack of public support, it has not taken the challenge of actually leaving the european union in responding to this crisis. this is a stark contrast to what angela merkel has been doing for

many years, and it was her very clear stance on the annexation of crimea in 2014 that allowed the eu to create a package of sanctions and actually sustain these sanctions over the long. this leadership is missed. >> is that how you see it? do lunch germany has failed to lead ? >> it is true that this is a new government that has not found its footing it. this is a government -- this is a german government that comes in as a domestic reform government with a fragile coalition, and now, they are catching up to reality. there is a reality out there. they are a nice program of industrial transformation. suddenly foreign policy intrudes into their plans and they are not prepared for that.

it is no surprise, certainly not to me, thatermany i not hawkish, is not forward leaning when it comes to russia, but make no mistake -- this government will be part of the western alliance should vladimir putin move, and they will be part of a sanctions rime. >> i wonder if we could talk about france and italy. we have seen leaders of those countries speaking directly to vladimir putin over the last few days, including macron twice in the last four days. is there a difference between the diplomacy they are trying to engage with russia and the more forceful stance that the polls have taken with ukraine? >> absolutely. from a central european perspective, there are fears, and some of these are legitimate years, that france will be soft on russia and italy will be soft

on russia, much softer if there is no real threat for vladimir putin in terms of large cost, sanctions and also most importantly, those type of actions that would hurt oligarchs and putin's money that is in different places around the west. that he will probably see this as weaknes, and that will only give a reason for him to move forward into ukraine. >> is their softness, is there weakness that you see in france and perhaps other countries? >> first, these are 30 countries in nato, that heads of state and heads of government talk independently with mr. tin is their right. it is just important we all sing from the same song sheet. unfortunately, with mr. macron,

we do not know about his song sheet. there's been no pre-briefings. there's been no post briefings. this is what concerns me. mr. macron has talked about the need for a new european security architecture just a few days ago, at a time when mr. putin is threatening that very architecture, so one would wonder what that conversation would have to be like, so i'm waiting for him to give us a read out of it, just as we have expected and received from our american friends. mr. macron is the president of the european council at the moment, so he has every right to go forward, but he needs to communicate with the rest of us. >> thank you very much to you both.

♪ judy: with hundreds of thousands of americans contracting covid every day, health officials worry many more people could end up suffering from so-called long covid, the serious ailment that can affect the body and mind for months, sometimes longer, after an initial infection. william bryan has a look at the latest research. >> one of the largest grassroots groups for people suffering from long covid is called survivor core and has roughly 200,000 members. diana thunder the group after her own bout with long covid, and she shared with us the harsh reality for those in her community. >> our members are going through hell just surviving covid is not recovery from covid. they are experiencing things

like parkinson's-like trimmers preventing them from sleep. we are getting suicide threats daily. people are losing hope. i'm overwhelmed with fear at the sheer number of people who have been infected by covid, and the more we realize it is also a neurological disease, it really should put the fear of god into everybody. my biggest fear is that in 10 years, we see a group of -year-olds being diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases, and we are not tracking that. we have no registry, and we ve no road to therapeutics or treatments. my 11-year-old lost one of his front adult teeth nine months after covid -- an average, mild case of kid covid. you know, "mild." there is no case of mild covid. one of his adult teeth fell out

unprompted from vascular damage to covid. even if you have already had covid and recovered, even if you have had covid and been boosted, you are still at risk of getting it again. oumembers are suffering. they need help. they need treatment. they need therapeutics, and we need to make sure that science is moving at warp speed to treat these people. >> there are researchers trying to zero in on this problem. a new study just came out that offers several factors that might predict who might end up developing long covid. dr. jason goldman is an infectious disease expert at swedish health services in seattle and a lead author of that study. dr. goldman, very good to have you on "the newshour." we just heard from diana berndt, expressing concern about how difficult this condition is. if someone out there is listening to this and thinking they might have symptoms of long covid, can you tell us about the

symptoms you saw and studied in your work? >> thank you, william. we are seeing a host of symptoms in patients after they have covid. some of the most common are fatigue, sometimes muscle and joint pains or other aches, and also respiratory symptoms. shortness of breath, cough. these are the most common, but there's also other symptoms like anxiety. >> that has to become located, too, because those symptoms seem to overlap with so many other conditions that affect people. >> exactly. this syndrome, long covid, is complex. it affects nearly all body systems and there's an overlay of psychosocial factors and selective trauma, so it is hard to tease biology out, but that is what were intending to do.

>> your study identified 4 possible characteristics that might predict if someone develops long covid. can you explain briefly what those where? >> sure. the factors we studied, we measured the time of acute covid diagnosis were one, the presence of autoantibodies, proteins the bo makes that cause diseases like lupus. second was the presence of sars-cov-2, which is the virus that causes covid, in the bloodstream at the time of acute diagnosis. the next was another virus, the epstein-barr virus, which is the common cause of mono, and the next one was type two diabetes. >> of those factors, do they provide some insight into treatment of this? some of those things seem like things you might be able to predict or treat or address.

do they offer a pathway forward for addressing or treating this condition? >> that is a really great question. we are hopeful that our work be a foundation for treatments. what i'm most excited about i finding that the sars-cov-2 virus in the bloodstream -- this has implications for treating it. we are not quite there yet because the data does not support that treating with antivirals prevents long covid. that is sort of a next step, and we are in some ways getting some of this data, but it will be coming slowly. wiiam: we know that long covid can present in people in many different ways. mild cases or more severe cases. does your research indicate which of those might put somebody into the more severe versus mild category? >> is it's already known that more severe initial forms of covid at the time of acute diagnosis also translates into

more long covid. for instance, someone who spends a couple of weeks on a ventilator, that person is gog to have tissue damage in the long from the ventilator and just had that long period of inactivity. we know that certain forms of long covid will be associated with severity. william: i would assume then that vaccination status also makes a difference, that being vaccinated automatically will reduce your symptoms if you do get infected and do have a breakthrough case, thus offering more protection from long covid. is that a fair statement? >> the jury is still out on that one. there haveeen conflicting results in the scientific literature on this point. one study found that vaccination did reduce the incidence of lung covid. another study found there was really no difference. we know that some people, even with mild or asymptomatic

initial infections can get long covid. a lot of the vaccine breakthrough cases are more mild, but we just do not know quite yet how that vaccination status is going to impact long covid. william: dr. jason goldman at swedish health services, thank you so much for being here. dr. goldman: thank you so much. judy: new reporting indicates former president trump attended to use federal agencies to seize voting machines after the 2020 presidential election. jeff bennett has more. jeff: "the new york times" is reporting that six weeks after the 2020 election, former president trump directed his attorney, rudy giuliani, to ask the department of homeland security to take possession of voting machines in key swing states. this is the latest in a string

of revelations about the former president's aggressive efforts to overturn the election he lost and also what the -- also at the heart of what the january 6 committee is investigating, says democratic congressman jamie raskin. >> this president clearly tried to overthrow a democratic election. he is the first president to try to do so. our committee is charged with telling americans the truth, and we are going to get that truth out there in vivid, fine-grained detail so america understands exactly what happened. jeff: to walk us through all this, i'm joined by one of the reporter who broke the story of the plot to seize voting machines, "new york times" congressional reporter. help us understand how this report advances our knowledge about the former president's efforts to overturn the election . >> sure. we have known for some time there was a plot among trump allies to try to take control of

voting machines in the weeks after the election that president trump lost. what is new about this reporting is that it shows what president trump did with that information. there was a meeting on december 18 in the white house where a trump lawyer name sidney powell, former national security advisor michael flynn, and others entered the white house and pitched president trump on these executive orders, these plans to seize voting machines, but what is new is that donald trump took another step after that. he did not just hear the people out or show interest in it. he directed his personal lawyer rudy giuliani, to contact the department of homeland security to see if they could in fact seize voting machines. he also asked his attorney general, bill barr, if the justice department could seize voting machines. this shows he tried to attempt

with two different branches of government to enact this plan to seize voting machines in six different states. >> based on your reporting, barr immediately shot the idea down. how does this put into like his decision to resign later that same month? >> i think bill barr was perhaps at his wits end there at the end of the trump administration. as you know, he was involved in pushing back against somef these very dangerous plans to try to overturn the election, and in fact came out and made a public statement saying the justice department had found no fraud whatsoever in the election or at least no widespread fraud, and he had also rejected attempts to appoint sidney powell, the pro-trump lawyer who was encouraging these seizures, as special counsel for the white house to oversee these plans, so i do think that this affected in

some ways bill barr's thinking in the final days of the trump administration. >> do you know where this idea to seize voting machines originated? >> it is hard to credit it to one person, but it doesn't seem like bill waldron down in texas, who was a contact of mike flynn or sidney powell, was the first person who started promoting this idea, that there was so much widespread fraud, that china had interfered in elections, flipping votes in voting machines, all sorts of crazy things, and that the only remedy was to basically rerun the election, have the national guard come in, seize voting machines, so he contacts general flynn and contacts sidney powell. eventually, they get their way into the white house. they actually show up unannounced. they have a low-level staffer

slide them in. that staffer's privileges are revoked after this meeting. i think it shows how some of these really crazy ideas that most people would discount have found an audience with president trump. >> fast-forward to the present moment, he former president is still focused on the 2020 election, still pushing the false notion that former vice president mike pence had the power and authority to overturn the election, and then there are president trump's comments at a rally this past weekend where he appeared to dangle the prospects of pardons for january 6 rioters . >> if i run and if i win, we will treat those people from january 6 fairly. we will treat them fairly. [cheers and applause]

and if it requires pardons, we will give them pardons cause they are being treated so unfairly. >> in many ways, it suggests the conspiracy to undermine or completely overturn the election >> yes, i was talking withnd in several members about the january 6 commiee, and all of them pointed to those remarks over the weekend that in some ways former president trump just admitted the very things they are trying to uncover. one, he stated openly he was trying to overturn the election. two, he mention pardons for people who tried to overthrow the capitol. three, he said if he is charged with a crime, he would hold huge rallies and protests again, almost as a threat to investigators. when you hear those things and see the lengths the former president was going to go to to cling to power, if it was the seizure of voting machines or

having a massive rally on january 6 to pressure mike pence, or put forward fake slatesf electors from different states -- all these different avenues are part of what one could say was a large plot with many different pieces in place to try to overturn the election, and sort of went one avenue failed, president trump then turned to another. >> appreciate you joining us. >> thank you. ♪ judy: silicon valley is home to some of the world's largest technology giants -- intel, apple, and alphabet, the parent company of google. democratic representative ro khanna represents that influential and wealthy part of california in congress, and in his new book, "dignity in a

digital age," he says tech companies should stop concentrating jobs in cities like san francisco and create ployment opportunities across the entire country. he joins us now. thank you for being here. congratulations on the book. the book is all about democratizing the digital world, but i was struck because you say at the out that, your main aspiration is to lessen some of the bitterness within our country. what are you referring to here? representative khanna: the young folks in my district are very optimistic. $11 trillion of market cap. it has gone up during the pandemic. young folks have robotics workshops in their garage is, but for a lot of america, the new economy has meant jobs going offshore, deindustrialization, people buying one-way tickets out of tir hometown, and to

break some of the division, we have to bring some of the opportunities of the modern economy to other places so people can prosper without leaving their home towns and there is more interconnection in our economy. judy: did into that a little further. people look at you and you represent, as we said, these powerful tech giants, and yet, you are saying the wealth needs to be spread around, that the work should be done across the nation. what is the logic here? >> let me give you a concrete example. intel. they made a decision to invest in ohi i was just talking to the ceo of intel. he said it was not just about the economics of it, about creating 3000 jobs. there is something cultural going on, the excitement, the enthusiasm for an economic revival, and that is what we

need to discuss. it is not that these jobs are going to turn coal miners into software engineers. there will be 25 million of these jobs that enter fit -- intersect with the manufacturing and construction jobs of the future, and we have to bring these jobs and opportunities to places that have an totally left out if we hope to have a comeback in those areas. judy: you raise several themes in the book. one of them is we need an internet bill of rights. a lot of us have heard about that, but what does it mean? representative khanna: it means but for -- it means first, before your data is corrected, -- before your data is collected, you have to say, "i'm ok with that." it means no more companies getting to make decisions about what they see without them knowing about it. the second is dealing with a lot of the misinformation online.

there should be basic standards. you cannot be a company and sell a product, for example, that is causing teenage depression, in the case of instagram. you should not be able to put out information telling people do not take vaccines and causing a public health crisis. i do not think there should be the same standards as broadcast journalism, but certainly, there should be some standards. you cannot just say whatever you want online and think there's no repercussions. judy: you also write about what you describe as progressive capitalism. first, what does it mean, and how does it relate to everything else you are saying? representati khanna: it relates in terms of the silicon valley entrepreneur as self-made. they are in some sense. they have not inherited millions of dollars, but they come with certain good fortune. they tend to be you people born to middle-class or upper-middle-class families. they tend to have health care.

they tend to have education. they grow up in safe neighborhoods and have the freedom to take risks and still have a safety net. progressive capitalism to me ans you want innovation, but you want everybody to have that basic health care and education and you want inclusivity when it comes to race and gender, which, frankly, silicon valley has failed at. judy: in connection with that and this other theme of trying to even the playing field, you talk about creating a national, digital core of young people that would go and live in other parts of the country for up to six months. why would that accomplish what you are doing or how would it accomplish it? representative connor: there is a great -- representative khanna: there were graduates from a great hbcu that were

sending resumes and not getting hired, and it turned out they were not getting interview training. i think we have all of these folks who want to give back. it is not them telling communities what to do, but if they work with communities and listen to those communities' aspirations, that could help move the needle forward. judy: how much of what you are asking for here needs congressional approval, and what makes you think that can happen in this current divided environment, which is what you do write about? representative khanna: a lot of what i write about does need congressional action. there is hope. the chips act would give funding for semiconductor manufacturing in the united states. we're hoping to take it up in the house this week or next. i'm hoping that will get to the president's desk.

there is a place where we have hope of actual action, but the internet bill of rights candidly has been much harder. people are going to hear from parents they do not want their kids being manipulated on instagram and do not want teenagers facing anxiety, depression, and even suicide. you will hear from constituents that it is wrong to have anti- vax information circulating on the internet, and these are harming our democracies. this is the modern digital sphere, and we cannot just seed the construction of that to mark zuckerberg or jack dorsey -- we cannot just cede the construction of that. people are realizing this is not tech policy. this is 21st century american

democracy, and are we up to that task? judy: congressman ro khanna, california, the book is "dignity in a digital age." thank you, congressman. appreciate it. representative khanna: thank you, judy. appreciate it. judy: tom brady is often called the greatest quarterback who ever played in the nfl. his retirement today marks the end of a football era. jeffrey brown has this look at rady's long career. jeffrey: things ended up working pretty well for tom brady in the nfl, but it had unlikely start when the university of michigan quarterback was not taken until the sixth round of the 2000 nfl draft by the new england patriots, the 100 99th player chosen, but just a year later, the 24-year-old later stepped in

for injured quarterback drew bledsoe, and the rest is sports history. in 20 dominating seasons with the patriots and two more with the tampa bay buccaneers, brady led the league in super bowl appearances with seven titles and i've m.v.p. awards. he was the league m.v.p. three times may 15 pro bowls and finished his career third in an fl history in touchdown passes, overall completions, and guards. he had an uncanny ability to see the field and rise to the moment. >> there's moments where you got to make the critical play. someone, when they look in my eyes at critical moments, they can believe in me. they know that i can get the job done. there were controversies. most famously, deflategate.

jeffrey: but there were highlights, among the tops, super bowl li, when brady led the patriots to an overnight -- overtime when against the falcons -- overtime win against the falcons. >> is a just a great way to finish. to celebrate with my teammates and see my family, it is just a night i will never forget. >> he makes the catch. he is able to score! jeffrey: he almost did it again in his last game. rallying tampa bay against los angeles in this year's playoffs. before the rams pulled it out. brady announced his retirement today on social media, saying in part, "i have loved my nfl career. it has been a thrilling ride and far beyond my imagination." one person who watched many of those tom brady highlights is al

michaels. he will call this year's super bowl on nbc on february 13. it will be a -- it will be al michaels' 11th super bowl, tied for the most of all time. so congratulations to you. >> thank you. i can't believe time has gone by so fast. it has gone by at warp speed. when they say time flies when you are having fun. jeffrey: this idea of greatest of all time is very subjective. where do you come out on this? >> i always say -- i put someone in the conversation, when they say you have seen the best ever, i normally say he is in the conversation because it is very subjective. people have different viewpoints. there are different generations. in this particular case i think

i've got to finally admit that he is the greatest of all time, and i think one of the reasons would be when you win seven super bowls and go to three others and you play in a league with 32 teams, the law of averages says you should win seven super bowl's in over 200 years. he did it in two decades. so i'm going to put him on top. jeffrey: thinking for the nonsports audience, the nonfootball audience, you know that any nfl athlete is an elite athlete. what is it that makes somebody the elite of the elite? what did brady have or what did he see that is different from others? >> i think he was driven. he was completely invested. as his career went along, he was enjoying it may be than ever toward the end, and i think he

was driven by this -- by whatever it was inside of him to keep it going, to never let people down, in particular his teammates, to try to get better, and coaches are always saying and players are always saying they are trying to get better, and a lot of times, it is pretty much empty talk. they are trying to get better but doing other things as well. with brady, he truly was trying to get better. he understood every aspect of the game inside and out. he was matched up with a great coach, obviously, and i think tom, having obviously some fun physical skills, but plenty of quarterbacks do, and maybe he was just a touch above in his dedication to the game, the way he took care of his body, and, obviously, the way he performed. >> you obviously saw a lot of great performances. is there a personal highlight want to give to us?

al: i did a lot of his great games. one i did not do was the super bowl where he is down 28-3 and leads them to an overtime victory against the atlanta falcons, but i wound up doing his very last game a couple of weeks ago, the divisional player in tampa against the rams. the game looks like it is over, and i'm kidding around with the audience saying don't touch that dial, trying to keep the audience, and i'm saying just before halftime, he goes and says, they were down 27-3 and they won the game. it looks like he has another game to ride off in and maybe another super bowl, and of course, the rams won that game, still. that is as fond memory is i will have of tom brady. his last game. all of a sudden, he comes from behind and almost pulls it off.

jeffrey: playing to the age of 44 is that rare athlete in ever sport to excel at different times in his life and play that long at such a high level. how important is that when you consider his legacy? al: he is a freak. he came from another planet. you don't do this. you can play until you are 44 and you will not look very good. but setting a record for most completions, almost get your team into the conference championship game, that is otherworldly. that is from some other place. i don't know where that comes from. jeffrey: al michaels on the extraordinary career of tom brady. thank. judy: tom brady came from another planet. another football story broke after jeff recorded that conversation, the former head coach of the miami dolphins is suing the nfl, alleging that

teams discriminate against black coaches. he was fired by the dolphins after his second straight winning season and was passed over for a head coaching job with "-- head coaching job with the new york giants. that job went to a white coach. that is it for us tonight. join us again tomorrow evening. from all of us, please stay safe and we will see you again soon. >> major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by -- ♪ consumer cellular. carnegie corporation of new york, supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security, at carnegie.org. the target foundation, committed to advancing racial equity and creating the change required to shift systems to help accelerate

equitable opportunity, and with the ongoing support of these institutions. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. this is "pbs newshour west" from weta studios in washington and from our bureau at the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. ♪

-feeling a little uninspired in the kitchen? we've all been there, but i'm here to help... here we go. ...with three new recipes, each one inspired by my travels through the state of sonora. these are simple recipes that are sure to bring smiles to your kitchen table any night of the week. first, i'm taking pescado zarandeado off the beach and straight into your oven... look at how moist that is. -looks crazy good. -...a hearty, flavor-packed gallina pinta stew... it's a full meal in a bowl. ...and a new favorite in our family, dirty rice with clams. this is the part that i love the most. ooh! in sonora, i'm visiting the popular beach destination puerto penasco, where some new chef friends are showing me what they love most about sonora. i'm learning so many new things today. it's all super satisfying and super sonoran.