♪ judy: good evening. i'm judy woodruff on the newshour tonight. at the brink. the u.s. ramps up sanctions on russia for what president biden called the beginning of an invasion of ukraine. well the measures be enough to deter better mayor peardon -- vladimir putin? a jury finds the three men who murdered ahmaud arbery in georgia guilty of a federal hate crime. at the extreme, multiple cyclones and historic drought three on madagascar. prompting widespread food insecurity. >> people do not have enough food to eat. they have not contributed to climate change, but they are paying the highest price probably. judy: all that and more on

tonight's "pbs newshour." ♪ announcer: major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by. >> consumer cellular has offered plans to help people do more of what they like. our customer service team can help find the plan that fits you. to learn more, visit consumercellular.tv. ♪ ♪ ♪ announcer: bnsf railway. ♪ >> the john s. and james l. knight foundation, fostering informed and engaged

communities. more at kf.org. announcer: and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ announcer: this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you! ♪ judy: president biden and the european union and the united kingdom all on new and harsh sanctions against russia today as the russian parliament authorized vladimir putin to further invade ukraine. it was an active, urgent day from ukraine to moscow and wider euro and to washington.

nick schifrin has our coverage nick: along the line that separates ukrainian troops from russian-backed separatists, the war has entered living rooms eared this woman's house was attacked yesterday. people here fear the wot is yet to come. >> i am worried from a situation. we cannot expect anything to ppen. nick: nothing good from the troops. near the border with ukraine, russian convoys are on the move. some vehicles are marked with insignia like a "z" or a square. they are likely to be used to occupy cities. pres. biden: this is the ginning of a russian invasion of ukraine. nick: at the white house, president biden announced sanctions in response to yesterday's announcement to recognize the in deployment of -- independence of donetsk and

lugansk. biden post -- imposed sanctions on the banks. he restricted dealings with russian sovereign debt. pres. biden: we have cut off russia's government from western finance. russia will pay a steeper price, if it continues this aggression. including sanctions. nick: dear american sanctions with allied punishment. german chancellor olaf scholz suspended the russian-german gas pipeline that had been a government priority. chanc. scholz: it is up to the international community to respond to these actions by the russian president in cooperation and targeted. nick: the european union suctioned -- sanctioned russian lawmakers that recognized the republic and limited their access to european banks. eu's top foreign-policy official. >> we are strongly united in this front.

nick: in london, prime minister boris johnson announced sanctions on five russian banks as well as individuals with close ranks -- links with v ladimir putin. p.m. johnson: this is the first-round, the first barrage of what we are prepared to do, and we hauled the sanctions to be deployed along with the u.s. if the situation escalates. nick: the west fears russia is signaling that escalation. today, the upper house of parliament authorized russian forces to deploy abroad. putin for now described it as the republic's he declared -- that the. -- declared independence. pres. putin: there are articles about providing those republics military help. nick: in kiev, ukraine tried to stand by his partners. volodymyr zelensky met his

estonian counterpart and lord -- warned ukraine could break off diplomatic ties with russia. despite amassing the largest force you are up seen in 70 years, dolinsky -- zelensky repeated his disagreement with u.s. assessments. pres. zelensky: we believe there will be no powerful war against ukraine and no wide escalation by the russian federation. if there is, martial law will be introduced. nick: the united states is concerned war in ukraine could's pride to nato --could spread to nato so the pentagon is moving soldiers to the baltic sea and after helicopter squadrons to across the eastern flank. secretary of state antony blinken canceled a meeting with his russian counterpart, who will consult with allies instead. the u.s. remains convinced russian troops could launch a larger invasion at any minute. pbs newshour, nick schifrin. judy: for a closer look at the

new sanctions, the biden administration announced today on russia and how will this -- all this could affect the u.s. economy, we are joined by the deputy secretary of e treasury department. thank you very much for joining us. let's start with the sanctions on these major russian financial institutions. whom do these sanctions hurt and how does it hurt them? dep. sec. eyemo: thank you for having me. these sanctions for black american and the kremlin, one institution is the institution the kremlin has used to project power within russia. the second is an institution to project power outside russia by funding the defense ministry. the president's charge was to use our sanctions to have an impact on russia, while mitigating impact on the united states and our european allies, which is what we did today. judy: the president also announced sanctions, punishments on five so-called elite individuals.

we understand three of them have already been sanctioned. how will this influence mr. putin? dep. sec. adeyemo: as you know, president putin drives his wealth from what is around him and many of these elites, we have found they have moved their money to their children. by taking this action to be able to recite in those individuals today, it allows us to get at their family members to whom they had moved their wealth to further deprive predent putin of their wealth to project powe around the world. judy: i want to ask you about the sanctions imposed on russia's central government debt and how that is going to work. what our understanding is is over the last several years, people study russia's economy and say mr. putin has structured russia's economy so that they are insulated from these kinds of outside sanctions.

for example, they have a enormous currency reserves and do not depend as much on the u.s. dollar. how do you know he will feel her from this? dep. sec. adeyemo: you're right the kremlin has tried to structure their economy in a way -- but still, today, the financial system in russia on a bailey -- daily basis has 46 billion dollars worth of foreign exchange transactions. 80% of those transactions involve the u.s. dollar, so they have not succeeded in their goal. the sanctions they will implement today will have a significant impact on the russian economy by cutting off their sovereign debt. we are also starting the state of the resources they will need to project power within russia and beyond russia. judy: how soon will russia feel the pain of the sanctions? as you know, is moving fast on the ground in ukraine. dep. sec. adeyemo: russia already feels the pain of

sanctions in the fact that we threatened them, today, the russian economy is one of the worst performing emerging economies in the world in terms of little in the russian stock market has lost 20%. over the course of the next several days, the collaboration -- actions we have taken today will have immediate impact on russia but long-term, it will impact their ability to project power around the world. one key thing that happened today was -- europe is responsible for 40% of russia's trade. the decisions europe has made now will constrain russia's economy not only tomorrow but for years to come. judy: how concerned is the administration about how russia could retaliate? we know they export essential commodities like copper and wheat. how do we know that there will not be a restriction in those exports? dep. sec. adeyemo: an important

thing to remember is russia makes money from those exports. they are critical to russia's economy going forward, but we are concerned about responses and that is why the president' taking steps to mitigate thems by talking about steps in the united states to reduce cost and help our european allies deal with their energy constraints by working with our partners in the region. our goal is to use our sanctions and authorities to target the russian economy, but to mitigate the impact on the united states and europe, while taking steps to reduce cost to our economy, which is what we are doing. judy: speaking of that, and the president has always -- already spoken about the higher cost from all of this for oil and gas, for energy in this country, specifically, can the biden administration take steps that will prevent gasoline, for example, from going even higher than it is right now? dep. sec. adeyemo: the president

said we are focused on reducing costs for the american people across the economy. when it comes to sanctions and the actions with regard to russia, our goal is to have impact on the russian economy while mitigating the impact on the u.s. and european economy. in addition to doing that, none of our sanctions today targeted the energy markets or energy infrastructure. in addition, we are committed to working with our allies to make sure that energy market remains well supplied. as the president may clear, there will be costs associated with president putin's decision to invade ukraine. our goal is to make sure we mitigate the cost as much as possible for the american people, and that is what we are focused on doing. judy: to other areas to ask you about, mr. secretary. one is criticism coming from republicans and others that this should have happened much sooner, that if it had, frankly that a mere putin might not have moved -- vladimir putin might have not have moved on eastern ukraine as it has -- he has.

dep. sec. adeyemo: when we saw russian troops amassing near the ukrainian border in the beginning, president biden set is off not only in the united states but closer with our allies to make clear to president putin that if you are to invade ukraine, there will be clear and decisive costs for the russian economy. by offering that, we said president putinad a choe, he could choose diplomacy and discussion or sanctions. president putin is making his choice clearly and our goal is to make sure we take actions to constrain the russian economy and make sure he is unable to project power. judy: you are saying you do not believe the sanctions would have had a deterrent effect. another question is, what about vladimir putin? he is believed to have in the hundreds of billions of dollars worth of assets, scattered around a different part of the world. can the biden administration go after his personal assets? dep. sec. adeyemo: vladimir putin does not have a bank account. he needs to make money from the

elites around him and also the russian economy. that is why we think it is so important to target these elites and cut them off from the u.s. financial system. we will work with european allies and partners to have them also constrain these elites that exist outside russia. the actions we are taking today and will continue to take if russia continues to invade ukraine will cut off vladimir putin's sources of funding and his wealth. judy: the deputy secretary of the treasury, thank you very much for joining us. we appreciate it. dep. sec. adeyemo: thank you for having me. judy: for more on the potential impact of these new sanctions, as well as the broader u.s. and european response to russia's moves, nick schifrin is back with two views. nick: judy, thank you. for perspective, we turned to stephen have a, national turning the bush administration, and andrew weiss, who served in the bush and clinton administrations

on the national security council staff and the policy planning staff. it welcome both of you back to the newshour. we heard from the deputy treasury secretary. duties russian banks at exposure to the u.s. financial system and targeted carbon -- sovereign debt have any impact. mr. hadley: he sells raw materials on global markets for dollars so every day russia sells 4 million barrels of oil. oil right now is fluctuating around $100 a barrel, a remarkable cash flow putin is able to harness. money is always fungible. since the 2014 crisis, the russian economy broadly speaking has taken the alliance -- reliance it had on capital markets and tossed it aside. the russian economy today is increasingly cut off from the global economy and far less depended on western capital markets to fund itself. it is clear putting sanctions on

well-connected people is annoying and frustrating to them, but remember they are harg -- hawkish figures around vladimir putin who benefit. the less it is glolized, the less it is connected, giving them more control. if you think about sitting in the boardroom with vladimir putin, it is not people thinking about their 401(k). nick: steve hadley, let me get you to respond to the u.s. announcements of sanctions today and the german, british, and german announcements coming at the same time. mr. hadley: i think it is a good step. i am afraid my own view is it will not be enough to deter vladimir putin. he did not bring over 150 thousand troops to the border of the ukraine to settle for putting peacekeepers in these 2 breakaway provinces, if you

will, and i think how it will unfold is something like this. he has said he has recognized an area that is broader than just the territory occupied by his proxy forces, but it includes territory occupied by ukrainian forces, and i think it could go in two ways. russia tells the ukrainians to get out of the territory, who are protected by russian keys -- priest keepers, russian proxies move en route -- ukrainian forces, and ukraine will have to back down into's to fight. if it chooses to fight, that would be an excuse that putin could use to move these 150,000+ forces into ukraine. that is the scenario i worry about. i don't think the sanctions today regatta blake -- regr ettably will that her him. nick: let me ask you about the scenarios and first about germany. how significant is it that germany pulled frankly one of the most significant cars it has

-- cards it has, to cancel the nord stream 2 pipeline, the german-russian pipeline, suspended but could have gone forward had they not made that announcement today? mr. weiss: i think the western world owes him a debt for taking this move today. it is really the most important move of all the sanctions. it is good to see western governments putting the white house, moving swiftly in responding to the outrageous things vladimir putin said and did yesterday. all about is welcome. they showed they can move quickly and clearly we are only seeing a down payment on the sanctions package and as the crisis gets worse, it will get broader and more far-reaching, so the administration is looking to the germans to basically make sure the european union comes alongside the united states. the u.s. sanctions will be more far-reaching and significant that what european partners will do. when it comes to vladimir

putin's sense the germans are the soft spot, i think that has been dispelled by what the germans have done it by putting this pipeline project on indefinite suspension. nick: let me ask you about the idea of further u.s. sanctions. the u.s. is withholding sanctions, most notably the idea of export controls that were cut off -- would cut off u.s. technology russia needs. is that the right thing to do to try and interpreted -- deter putin? mr. hadley: i think they have the right approach to have a portion of their ultimate sanctions package now, hold something in reserve if putin does something bigger in ukraine. i think the other thing they need to think about and they are thinking about i am sure is whether they should do further reinforcemenof our nato allies that find themselves on the front line withussia and again, the nature of the kind of supply they are providing to

ukraine for their military forces to give them and put them in a position to resist against russian incursion. i'm sure the administration is thinking about both of those things. nick: the u.s. has indicated it is unlikely to sanction russian oil exports. those exports you brought up at the beginning that give putin such an economic question right now. is that a mistake? mr. weiss: i don't think so. the challenge, whenever you come up with sanctions, is to remember you want to hurt the other guy more than yourself. we heard the secretary talk in those terms now. the challenge is the russian economy is built around a system where they bring in their revenues in dollars and then their domestic liabilities are removals. russia did not have a free floating exchange rate in 2014 good they blew through their currency reserves trying to defend their currency.

they will not make that mistake this time. they have salted away 630 billion dollars in various currencies to deal with rainy day situations. they are not going to basically use that to defend a currency rate that is untenable. it they will tighten their belts, they will use their receipt from selling various commodities of global markets to bolster their regime and make sure the people who matter the most, particularly people in the military and security services, have what they need. the average russian consumer will be squeezed and they have done this previously where they said to joe sixpack in russia, sorry, you're going to lose out, so russians are getting used to it but from the economic reality, they have had years of declines in income for average people and the government does not care so we see the the divide whited in russia. it poses a long-term challenge

for putin there is nothing on the landscape that makes him uncomfortable or worried about the hold on power. nick: take us back to those assessments that you laid out at the beginning and zoom out for us a little bit. you have been in national security space since the mid-70's. how dangerous is this moment? how concerned should we be about some conflict in ukraine spreading? mr. hadley: i think it is a very dangerous moment and we should be concerned. if the russians do what we fear, i think they are going to do in terms of taking a good chunk of ukraine, recognizing what they want to do is to have a pro-russian government in kiev that will put ukraine under russia'sphere of influence and except some kind of confederation between bella, russia, and ukraine. that is what putin is about, restoration of the russian empire. if he moves in that direction,

the question is, what does it mean if you are in the baltic states, romania, bulgaria? one of the questions will be on the table, there was a portion of russia that is disconnected from russia, separated from other russia by poland and lithuania. the question is, does russia bulldoze a quarter to connect leningrad? that means taking territory from the baltic states, poland, invokes article five of nato and war. we have a serious situation in europe and i would say at the same time, we try to manage this deteriorating situation in europe and have the challenge of china and iran in the middle east. this is a huge agenda for america. raising a real risk. we will need a lot of friends and allies and help from others

if we are going to manage what will be a very challenging time going forward. nick: stephen hadley, andrew weiss, thank you to you both. ♪ stephanie: he will return to the full program after the latest headlines. in georgia, a jury injected -- convicted three mate -- white men in the murder of ahmaud arbery in 2020. the predominantly white jury concluded the mcmichaels and their neighbor targeted and shot arbery because he was black. in washington, u.s. attorney general merrick garland welcomed the verdict but says it only goes so far. a.g. garland: the only acceptable outcome would be mr. arbery returning safely to his loved ones two years ago. his family and friends should

celebrate his 28th birthday later this spring, not more in the second anniversary of his death tomorrow. >> we will return to the verdict after the new summary. closing arguments in the civil rights trial stemming from george floyd's death in st. paul, minnesota. three former police officers are charged with violating his rights. prosecutors charge they chose to do nothing as floyd pleaded to breathe. defense attorneys called it a tragedy but not criminal and the men were victims of training. the u.s. supreme court has agreed to hear a new case pitting religious rights against gay rights. it involves our colorado website designer who refused to work with same-sex couples, citing her religious beliefs. the court will hear the case during its next term in october. native tribes are getting a boost from the federal government for water access. secretary of the interior deb

haaland announced in arizona $1.7 million from the recently enacted federal infrastructure bill will help fund 16 tribal water rights settlements. the tribes or products -- promised water but lacks funding to store and deliver it. on the pandemic, hong kong ordered compulsory kobe testing for its entire population starting mid-march. it is driven by an omicron surge that threatens to overwhelm health care services. under the order, hong kong's 7.5 million people must be tested three times over seven days. on the streets, -- >> i don't think the government is prepared to do universal testing. it is a waste of time. the government should consider increasing manpower at facilities to support the health workers. >> researchers project 100 deaths a day. back in this country, the women's national soccer team has reached an equal pay settlement with the u.s. soccer federation.

28 players will split $22 million in damages. another $2 million will benefit retired players and aid in boosting the sport. the federation committed to equalizing future pay fowomen. . they received far less than men, despite winning four world cups since 1985. still to come on the newshour, the homeland security secretary discusses possible russian cyber attacks and challenges at the border. the u.s. women's soccer team wins a multimillion dollar settlement in the fight for equal pay. multiple cyclones in an historic drought because food insecurity in madagascar are, plus much more. ♪ announcer: this is the pbs newshour, from w eta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. ♪ judy: as we reported, the three white men who murdered ahmaud

arbery have been convicted today of federal hate crimes and attempted kidnapping. his murder is one of several major flashpoints that have triggered a protest, dialogue, and new laws regarding racial justice, policing, and the treatment of black americans. john yang looks at the verdict. john: the convictions come a day before the second anniversary of his murder. outside the courthouse after the verdicts were read, his mother said nothing can make up for the loss. ms. cooper-jones: i, as a mom, will never heal. they gave us a sense of small victory, but we as a family --- john: the convictions mean all men will spend the rest of their lives in prison. margaret coker is editor in chief of a nonprofit news organization covering southeast georgia and covered the state

murder trial in the federal hate crimes trial of the three convicted men. margaret coker, thank you for joining us. this jury did not take very long to reach their verdict. tell us what it was like inside the courtroom this morning. margaret: it was extraordinarily emotional, first off, because it has been a long struggle for the arbery family to see justice, you know, two years ago when ahmad was murdered out for a jog on a sunday, sony afternoon, it took 74 days for anyone to be arrested. that is in large part because local law enforcement accepted the version of events the defendants, the killers, had given them, which was they were acting in self-defense. the arc of justice has moved quite steeply since then. the face of justice in georgia today look like this. there was a black man, the lead fbi investigator, for the government, the lead u.s.

attorney was a black woman, and on the jury, t 12-person jury, the foreman was a black man who got to hand the unanimous verdict of guilty on all counts. john: you're a longtime georgian. the significance of this arc of justice, taking place in the deep south, and not the metropolitan south, this is not metropolitan atlanta, this is brunswick, georgia, what is the significance? brunswick is a majority-minority town, surrounded by a majority white county. for decades, black people here have felt both implicit and explicit racism in the police force. at the current, we have done a deep dive investigation into the police department that was in charge of this case. years have gone by without black people seeing equal justice in criminal and civil cases here. people in brunswick are celebrating.

they have gone through extraordinary amount of struggle in order to feel like they are defended by law enforcement instead of targeted. now, their town will go down in history as the place where georgia had secured the first federal hate crimes victory in the history. the justice department says most federal hate crime investigations do not result in prosecutions because of insufficient evidence. what was the evidence the prosecution presented to this case? for your viewers who watched the murder trial broadcast live on tv, the prosecutors in that case left out a lot of the evidence about race and kept racial issues as a very small part of the case that they secured their murder convictions on. the federal hate crimes trial depended on the prosecutors being able to prove the defendant's were not just killers but races killers.

we saw a barrage of social media postings, text messages, what one defense attorney because communications with like-minded people, the stereotypical races, white south. they show themselves in their true colors and with their own words, calling black people for years names like "monkeys" and "savages". it was hard to hear for that family and all of us sitting in the court. what was the defense's argument? in u.s. courts, the defense -- the burden of proof is on the prosecution. there were three separate defense attorneys. only one presented a witness. the brunt of the argument went like this. the defendants, all three white men, all of whom lived in a majority white neighborhood,

were not racist, they were vigilantes. they were aggressively trying to control their neighborhoods from all threats, whether suspicious white people or suspicious black people. the gument of the race-neutral but aggressive-toward-strangers was the only real defense they put up. john: outside the courthouse after the verdict, arbery's mother was very sharp in criticism of the justice department. they had reached a plea deal the family imposed. and the judge rejected. talk a little bit about that. margaret: before the trial started, a plea deal had been worked out between prosecutors in two of the defendants. travis and greg mcmichael. in the plea deal, they agreed to plead guilty to one charge, the main hate crimes, so that they could serve that sentence in a federal penitentiary. arbery's parents seriously argued against that deal.

they did not want any special measures or perceived leniency to their sons killers. they did not want the mcmichael's to be serving a sentence in federal prison. they wanted him -- both of them to stay in a georgia state penitentiary, which is viewed by people in georgia as one of the most terrible places to spend your sentence. john: margaret coker, editor in chief of the current, thank you very much. margaret: you're welcome. ♪ judy: amid all the rising tensions with moscow, the u.s. department of homeland security has been warning that russia could carry out cyber attacks against the united states. picking up the story from here. correspondent: with president biden's announcement of new sanctions, there are fears russia could retaliate. to discuss this and other

issues, i am joined by alejandra mae arcus, secretary of homeland security. welcome back to the newshour. thank you for joining us. your agency has warned as tensions in ukraine at rose, so could the likelihood of russian cyber attacks on the u.s.. with the russian invasion beginning earlier today, how likely is that kind of cyberattack? sec. mayorkas: we have no information to suggest a specific, credible cyber threat against the u.s. homeland, but it is our responsibility to be prepared. that is what we at the department of homeland security do. we have the cybersecurity and infrastructure security agency, cisa as it is known. what we do through that agency is disseminate information throughout the federal enterprise, to state and local governments and officials, and to the private sector, importantly, to make sure everyone is aware of the threat

landscape, everyone is doing what the can to prevent a threat from materializing, and importantly, if infact an attack occurs, to be able to respond as swiftly as possible and remediate the situation. correspondent: is there any concern the sanctions could trigger that kind of attack? sec. mayorkas: we have to be on guard. that is our responsibility, as i expressed earlier. in fact, we have disseminated information, provided resources, to the private sector for over two months now. once the prospect of russian attack against ukraine materializes, our job is to be prepared to prevent, to respond to, and be resilient against all sorts of attacks, whatever their origin or cause. correspondent: i would like to

ship to immigration because your agency gets a lot of attention, of course, for what is happening at the u.s. southern border and you face criticism on all sides, it is fair to say, but just the numbers, when you look at them, they are unsustainable. fiscal year 2021, 1.6 million encounters at the u.s. southern border, or than quadruple the prior fiscal year, the highest annual total on record. that is a major stress on any system. what needs to change in your view? sec. mayorkas: it is a major challenge for any assistant, no question about it, but let me step back and let's remember where we were, with the cruel policies of the past administration. the inhumanity that it executed. the disregard for human life. what we have had to do in the biden-harris administration is go from the ground up. our humane, orderly, and safe immigration system. that is what we are doing.

it does not happen overnight. it we have thousands of personnel, dedicated and talented, in the department of homeland security, committed to that mission, and we are doing that. not only have we ended t cruel policies of the past administration but we have passed new regulations. we have promulgated new policies to restore the best of what america is and rebuild a system that was torn down in its entirety. correspondent: you have not ended all the policies. you had to re-implement under court order the migrant protection protocol program, which a lot of people call remain in mexico, but you have kept in place title 42, the pandemic-era rule by the trump administration that expels the vast majority of people who present at the southern border immediately. what will that and -- end? sec. mayorkas: we did indeed and

the migrant protection protocols , remain in mexico, as it is commonly referred to. i issued a memorandum rescinding the policy. my memorandum was challenged in cot. we continued to litigate the court proeding, but we are under a court order to reimplement that program, so that is not a voluntary continuation of a trump policy with which we profoundly disagree, and i articulated the reasons for our disagreement quite fully in my memorandum. with respect to title 42, that is not an immigration policy. that is a public health policy and its authority rests in the centers for disease control and prevention. we are making significant progress in battling the covid-19 pandemic.

certainly, as we know all too well, by seeing the spread of omicron recently and the number of deaths this country has suffered in the world has suffered, it is not yet behind us. therefore, we continue to exercise the public health authority the cdc holds for the health and safety of the migrants themselves, for the health and safety of our personnel, and the health and safety of the communities into which the migrants enter. correspondent: you must be consulting the cdc about that. what is the metric you are tracki? when will you know it is time to end title 42? sec. mayorkas: that it's a decision the cdc will make following the ark of the covid-19 pandemic and the doubt of it has. the cdc follows the science and we abide by their determination, as is appropriate for our administration. correspondent: i would like to

ask you about concerns over rising levels of violence in the united states across a number of different issues. you warn state and local partners about threats to move out for -- look out for and you cited the fact that covid-19 pandemic restrictions are easy, and that raises concerns about opportunities for individuals looking to commit acts of violence. why do you foresee an increase in violence in the weeks and months ahead? sec. mayorkas: at the outset, it ismportant to articulate the fact that we do not respond to expressions of speech. we are obligated to stand by and proud to stand by one of the most foundational principles of our country, freedom of speech. freedom of assembly. what we are seeing is the propagation of false narratives with respect to the covid-19 pandemic.

we are seeing false narratives with respect to the 2020 election. we are seeing ideologies of hatred. we are seeing antigovernment sentiment. it it is not those expressions that really call for a focused, but it is there conductivity to violence that triggers our involvement. we are seeing, for example, individuals who protest the mask mandate that is operative in airports and on airlines. it to conduct themselves in such a way that they risk other passengers' safety. that is where law enforcement authorities come into play, the connectivity between ideologies and acts of violence. when somebody crosses the line and violates the law, we in the government become involved. correspondent: that is the

secretary of homeland security. thank you for your time. sec. mayorkas: thank you for having me. ♪ judy: let's return to the u.s. women's national soccer team and how a six-year fight over equal pay may finally have ended today. the teamas reached a $24 million equal pay settlement with the national governing body. the u.s. soccer federation. stephanie has more. stephanie: besides compensation, the soccer federation promised equal pay between men's and women's national teams and future competitions, inclung the world cup. that has generated a lot of excitement, even though the deal will not be final until a new collective bargaining agreement is ratified by the players association. for a look at this step toward equity, i am joined by a retired

two-time world cup champion and olympic gold medalist, now a sports commentator for espn. it is a pleasure to have you on this momentous day for women soccer. i have to get your reactions. who have you talked to? are you jumping for joy when you heard the news? julie: we have a 99 or's text chain going on, they were thanking the older gals for their contributions. it is a glorious day and i don't think just for women's soccer. it has so much more will meaning -- more meaning behind what this current group has spoken up for and what they are doing to set a global standard for how we should be treated and particular as it relates to women's sports. correspondent: you talk about the 99 team. for those that may not remember the resounding glories of the

u.s. women's team from 1999, culminating in the world cup and at the rose bowl, you were part of the team. it talk to us about the adversity you faced over the years, given how winning your team and the two decades of teams beyond that were, how big that disparity was between the merits and what you had achieved and the pay. julie: when we were playing back in the day, we used to say we were fighting for equitable pay, not equal pay, and back then, we just want to be able to make a living. we are not asking for what the men are gating but we cannot live off $10 a day and like we are and continue to play and so that was the fight back in the day for better marketing, more staffing, more support, more grassroots support. all those things that today, the fight is for equal pay, as it should be, but it goes back decades to where we had done a

lot of rallying of u.s. soccer and i think the great news today and with the settlement of the lawsuit is as you said at the top, it will be extended to the cea. it doesn't get settled onto the collective bargaining agreement get settled in that will lock in the equal pay for future generations and that is what we are excited about as players and athletes who have been fighting for this. there are other sports that are equally excited and a lot of women in general so that is what will stick with all of us, the equal pay going forward. correspondent: in the last few years, players like megan rapinoe filed suit about pay scrimination in recent years. what do you think about how this came about today, that it ended up a settlement, and not a court ruling, a settlement between the u.s. soccer federation and the women's team? julie: i think there is a lot of

things that should go out to the president of u.s. soccer in former teammate of mine from the 99 team who led the charge in wanting to get the settl. there were a lot of people who would argue u.s. soccer did not have to settle. it they won the last fooling where the court had actually dismissed the economic claims for equal pay on the women's de. they did not have to make this move in u.s. soccer but i do think it speaks largely about where u.s. soccer wants to go going forward. and the importance of having a woman in deposition. it is a volunteer position and she has put in a ton of work and be on players of the current team for how much they have fought, she should get a lot of credit for setting the way for equal pay going forward. correspondent: she is coming up for reelection, which is not lost on the context. you have equal pay now. it had been worked out, things like working conditions,

transport, to tournaments and matches for the women. what else is left in the equity fight for women soccer? julie: the stickg point had been the fifa world cup prize money and for the men, if they win a world cup, it is many fold more than what the women make. for example, the last world cup, the men's team got $38 million. the women would only collect $4 million, so that gap has been something that u.s. soccer in the women have been fighting for with their success. what it means is actually for the first time, and this is huge as well, the men had agreed -- have agreed to split that evenly with the women and that will be equal. fifa has not agreed. the men and women have come to an agreement with u.s. soccer and say we are not going forward without that piece of the puzzle, the last sticking point, being equal, so i think the men,

as well, deserve a ton of credit because they are setting a standard i hope a lot of other men's teams will follow in that they are saying if people will not take care of it, we will help the women because we will benefit by their success and all those other things when we collectively share the pot. correspondent: two-time olympic gold medalist and fifa world champion, thank you for joining us with your insights on this day for women soccer. ♪ judy: extreme weather events are wreaking havoc on madagascar, including multiple cyclones that have already hit the island nation this year. sitting off the east coast of africa. it is one of the poorest nations in the world. john yang is back with a report on how it is ill-equipped to

deal with of climate threats it faces. john: the cyclones that hit madagascar art were a double-edged sword. in late january, cyclone anna hit. in early fibid, cyclone -- the damaging winds and -- washed out bridges, triggered landslides, and inundated large parts of the indian ocean island nations coast. >> we were in a bad situation. the houses were destroyed. water from the river and the sea rose. all the houses collapsed. we were really scared. john: at least 175 people died and hundreds of thousands were displaced. crops nearing harvest were destroyed. a blow from the nation with one of the lowest median incomes in the world, only $471 a year. >> we know for sure that rice crops will be damaged and lost. this is the main crop ffor the

people. their food security will be affected in the next 56 months if we do not do something immediately and we do not have time to recover. john: for southern madagascar are, the rainfall came as a relief after intense drought for six of the last seven years. >> it was abundant rain and that is a lot of wind as well. when rain falls, the whole we get waterfront kids are water for a week. john: people flocked to the watering holes created by the brain. the cattle to drink, the people together. >> my job is to sell water. if i managed to sell water, we eat. if i don't sell any, we go to sleep hungry. my children don't go to school because they are hungry. john: part of what is happening with madagascar is whether has to do with rising temperatures

in the world's oceans. >> 90% of the energy that is added to the earth due to climate change ends up in the oceans. it moves around. it reduces, you know, extreme climate conditions in eastern and southern africa. john: chris funk is the director of the climate hazard center at the university of california santa barbara. mr. funk: this is basic physics that when the atmosphere warms up, the oxygen and nitrogen molecules that mostly make up the atmosphere move further apart. that allows more room for molecules of water vapor to be in the atmosphere. . it could explain or at least partly explain both the intense drought there and also, the increased frequency of precipition that we are seeing in a lot of places, not just madagascar.

john: southern madagascar are struts have dried out vegetation, driving a food crisis affecting more than one million people. with food options scarce and expensive, some resort to eating cactus, cactus flowers, even locusts. >> because of the drought and the storms, this is a new phenomenon that has manifested itself in the last couple of years. prices are skyrocketing. there is very poor agricultural production and people do not have enough food to eat. they do not have enough money to have access to the food. it malnutrition rates are augmenting. these people have not contributed to climate change. but they are paying probably the highest price. john: madagcar r's share of global co2 emissions is 1 announcer: -- 1\100%.

u.s. contributions are 13 point 5%. the president of madagascar are pleaded for help at scotland last month. >> we pollute the police compared to other countries of the world. this part of madagascar is a victim. they have not participated in climate change. the countries that pollute the most must help the countries that police last so we can mitigate the impact of the climate change and help the population in this part of the country. john: the focus of money is rebuilding and waiting to see how many more storms are on the horizon. it tonight, a fourth cyclone is bearing down on the island. tropical storm season in the region last until may. for the newshour, i am john yang. judy: so disturbing.

that is the newshour for tonight. i'm judy. join us online in here tomorrow evening. from all of us at the pbs newshour. thank you, stay safe, and we will see you soon. announcer: major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- ♪ ♪ announcer: consumer cellular. bnsf railway. ♪ announcer: carnegie corporation of new york, supporting innovations in education and democratic engagement and the advancement of international peace and security at carnegie.org. at the target foundation, committed to advancing racial equity and creating the change required to accelerate equitable economic opportunity. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. this program was made possible

by the corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you! [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.] >> this is pbs newshour west, from wbt a studios in washington and from our bureau at the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption ntent and accuracy.]

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