captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc >> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff on the "newshourtonight, invasion: russian airstrikes bombard ukraine as ground forces advance on the nation's capitol, forcing civilians to flee for their safety. then... >> putin chose this war. and now he and his country will bear the consequences. >> woodruff: the west's response. united states and european leaders announce new, harsher economic sanctions on russia, but their efficacy remains uncertain. three officers who failed to intervene when george floyd was

murdered were found guilty of violating his civil right, all that and more on tonight's newshour. >> woodruff: all that and more on tonight's "pbs newshour." >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> consumer cellular >> bnsf railway. >> the kendeda fund. committed to advancing restorative justice and meaningful work through investments in transformative leaders and ideas. more at kendedafund.org.

>> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions: and individuals. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: the russian military has launched what u.s. officials describe as the most significant military action in europe in 77 years.

from the north, the east, and the south, russia has attacked ukraine with airstrikes, missiles, and troops. ukraine says at least 57 have been killed, and 170 wounded. elements of the russian army, one of the largest in the world, are heading toward kyiv, the capital. and the u.s. fears the goal is to take over the country, and evict the government. nick schifrin begins our coverage. >> schifrin: in a european capitol, the full weight of the russian military. the u.s. calls the initial phase of a full-scale invasion with russian helicopters flying low over residential rooftops and at the outskirts of kyiv to seize a military airport, military vehicles pouring too southern ukraine and russian troops taking over the chernobyl nuclear site on their way to sack the capitol. ukraine and u.s. say the russian military is advancing from belarus on a movement toward kyiv, from the south in russian

occupied crimea an from the east into country ekd second largest city harkiv. this san unexploded rocket and the aftermathf a direct hit on a residential complex. in this city of 1.4 million the only safe place was the subway where children distract themselves as their parents fear for the future and loved ones hold on tight. >> it is normal people who don't want war who suffer. we want to thrif in peace, to go to work, build our family, develop our country. we just want a peaceful sky over our heads. instead of hiding with rats in holes. >> schifrin: but the vast majority of targets, ukraine's military. the senior u.s. defense official says more than 160 russian missiles launched from the air, sea an inside russia punished ukraine's bases, rfields and air defenses. its sparked an exit of cars filled kyiv streets with families fleeing west away from the invasion. the highway out of town complete

gridlock. 29 year old stopped a at a gas station to tell us how she felt. >> one of the news media that i texted there was a huge headline that putin started war on ukraine. i think that was the fastest in my life that i needed to pack my things. and i just took my hoodie, one sweater, one pair of jeans, my computer and that's it all of my belongings are left in kyiv, it is really scary but, but i-- i do believe in ukraine and its leadership, in our leadership, in our armed forces. >> schifrin: an industrial city near the coast, others had nowhere to go. >> i am alone at work. where will i run. where do i go. tell me, please. my god. >> schifrin: and today is just day one. russia has kept in reserve the vast majority of the more than 150,000 troops on ukraine's border who are waiting, posing for cameras and poised to further invade. >> putin is the aggressor. putin chose this war.

and now he and his country will bear the consequences. >> schifrin: at the white house today president biden unveiled sanctions designed to punish russia long-term. the u.s. has blocked the assets of all ofussia largest banks including the largest. the u.s. sanctioned russian oligarchs who have quote enriched themselves at the expense of the russian state, and the u.s. banned exports of technology with any american intellectual property including semiconductors used in cars, smartphones and missiles. >> we're going to stop the ability to finance and grow the russian military. we're going to impose major and impair their ability to compete in high-tech 21s century economy. >> schifrin: president biden warned that gas prices could rise and uged oil companies not toxploit global instability. >> my administration is using the tools, every tool at its disposal to protect americans families and businesses from rising prices at the gas pump. we are taking active steps to bring down the cost. we are closely monitoring energy

supplies for any disruption. >> schifrin: american sanctions timed with european export controls announced by european commission president. >> our measures will wreck on richan's technological position on key areas from which the elite make most of their money. and this ranges from high-tech components to cutting edge software. this will also seriously degrade the russian economy and all areas in the future. >> schifrin: and the united kingdom introduced new restrictions on wealthy russian's access to british banks. it banned aeroflat from british airspace and working to exclude russia from the swift financial system, british prime mister bore is johnston. >> put inwill stand condemned in the eyes of the world and in history. he will never be able to cleanse the blood of ukraine from his hands. >> schifrin: and the west fears putin could expand the conflict into nato. the u.s. announced today it sent 7,000 members of an armoured

brige combat team to germany. in addition to f-35s and apache helicopters arriving today along nato's eastern flank. and the 3,000 additional soldiers recently sented to poland, nato secretary. >> we have increased our presence in the east and part of the alliance, with more troops, ships and planes over the last weeks. to send a very clear message that this will trigger the a response of the whole alliance and we do so not to provoke a conflict but to prevent a conflict. >> schifrin: inside russia tin is preventing protest. moscow police arrested hundreds of demonstrators calling for an end to a war that putin said was to quote demill tarrize and denazify ukraine even though president zelensky is jewish and his family died in the holocaust. >> whoever would try to stop us and further create threats to our country, to our people should know that russia is

responsible for it and leads you to such consequences that you have never faced in your history. we are ready r any outcome. >> schifrin: despite it all, today zelensky offered diplomacy. >> we underline that it wasn't ukraine who chose the path of war but ukraine is offering to get back to the path of peace. >> schifrin: and ukrainians are offering something else, in the face of invasion, hundreds lined up outside of hospital to show their resilience and donate their blood. and tonight president and tonight president zelensky has ordered a general mobilization of the ukrainian citizenry in response to the russian invasion. judy? >> woodruff: and nick, on that point, what are the ukrainians able to do to defend themselves? >> schifrin: yeah, ukrainian officials i talked to do detail a series of successes that they described against the russian invasion. they talk about tank battles in the northeast, machinized units confronting con joys in the east fielting along the black sea and

taking prisoners. along the south as well. they are better trained. they have more equipment. and they say a senior officials in ukraine talked to me about how they are better lead because they have been fighting for the last eight years in the east against russian-backed separatists. but the bottomline, ukraine a military is dly outgunned. half the military is in the east which means they are spread thin throughout the rest of the country. and there is little stopping russia from destroying ukaine's air defenses, little stopping russia from coming down from belarus and therefore little stopping russia from threatening the capitol kyiv itself. >> woodruff: nick schifrin and we will see you again in just a few minutes. but for now, a day of testing for this administration and for president biden himself. lisa desjardins has been following all of the developments on both sides of pennsylvania avenue. and she joins me now from the white house. so lissa you were there-- lisa you were there for the president's remarks today. and you have been talking to people. tell us what message people are

taking away from what he had to say. >> well, the president has been observing these events, monitoring them closely we are told by white house officials from the residence and the oval office throughout this. and it was clear tonight in his address, this afternoon in his address that he was speaking to it the american people. the message he is trying to send is one of expectation-setting. realizing that this is not just a war about territory but vladimir putin is setting a war about ideology t is important the white house says that president biden stresses to the american people that this is about american values. the idea of freedom it steph, something he sys america must fight for and he warned very clearly, judy, that americans may feel some pain from this. especially at places like the gas pump. he also did something interesting setting expectations about time frames here. he told us today in the east room of the white house that he expects ukraine will feel this, will have a difficult hard road ahead for weeks and months, that is a longer spectrum and it is

also important that he noted that he again stressed he will not send troops to ukraine to fight russia but he clearly said if nato allies themselves are attacked, then in fact that is on the table. >> woodruff: and we heard the president also suggesting that there could be even harsher, more powerful sanctions to come. what would those be and why hold off on them. >> this is such an important part of the conversation right now at the white house and around washington. in fact around the world. let's look at some of the sanctions that have not yet been launched by the white house, by the american administration here. first the top of the list, no sanctions yet against vladimir putin himself. talking it to sources on the hill and here at the white house today, there is divide over whether that would be effective and in fact if they could even track down his actual assets. second, something called secondary sanctions, those are important, that is the idea of sanctions against banks, institutions, businesses which

actually interact with russian banks. these are the kinds of sanctions that really had such an effect on iran, north korea, that is something that this white house has not deployed yet. and finally the idea of shutting russia out of the swift banking system, that is not something the u.s. controls but it is something that the u.s. could levy enough sanctions on to essentially freeze russia out. that is something that is debated how worthwhile it is, how effective, but it is something that remains on the table. why hasn't this administration launched those tougher sanctions, especially the secondary sanctions with russia invading now? well, i'm told by sources again here at the white house and capitol, it is because of europe, european allies are not yet on board. they would feel the pain from those sanctions more than america and president biden wants a unified front here. >> woodruff: and finally i know you have also been talking to sources on capitol hill, what are they saying right now? >> right, first of all, we saw

unified republican and democrat this morning coming after the attack, supporting president biden and moreover criticizing president put in. but i have to say that was flaked away in the last few hours after the announcement of the latest sanctions, some criticism including from the senate republican leader mitch mcconnell who today came out and said that president biden has effectively not deterred anything. and needs to issue more sanctions now. and i can tell you some democrats privately tell me they agree. they think it is time for more sanctions now. also an interesting no, there is a differing amount of opinion now on what happens next. some who are very well-read on this, on the hill especially, tell me they think perhaps putin is stopped with a third of ukraine but there is a growing sense, judy that perhaps he goes much harder than that, even establishing a puppet government in the short term. i will tell you tonight, you hear drums at the white house from a demonstration nearby. they are beating for ukraine. >> woodruff: all right, lisa desjardins reporting across the city today.

thank you. lisa. >> you're welcome. > >> woodruff: and now, nick is back with more on what the russian military is doing, and ukraine's response. >> schifrin: and for that, we turn again to michael kofman, a senior fellow for russian studies at the c.n.a., center for naval analyses. analyses, a navy funded think tank, welcome back to the newshour. let me bring up that map that we started this evening with, that u.s. officials say is really the beginning of the russian operation, at least three axiss in from belarus toward kyiv, in to the largest city in the east harkiv and up towards the middle of the coury, what you see there, what are russia's objectives? >> i'm afraid that this is fundamentally worst-case scenario. it is a full scale invaiks of ukraine, there is more than just three axis that are given on that map. and i think we can assume that the operation of russia is launching probably has two

objectives. the first is an assert am of the ukrainian capitol kyiv, perhaps a regime change which i think is quite likely in terms of russian ambition particularly with putin doing his speech which was similar to an official declaration of war. and the second is a large scale-- of ukrainian forces in the eastern part of country, a fairly substantial advance of russian ground forces and air and strike campaign and this is only an initial commitment, this is a fraction of the forces currently raised against ukraine going in on the first day. unfortunately, i think there is much more fighting to kosm. >> schifrin: it st day one. and certainly senior u.s. officials i talked to say they believe the goal, they fear the goal is regime change. president putin said that he wanted to demill tarrize ukraine, what does that mean? i believe that this is probably a campaign with max mall warring, he intends to substantially degrade or destroy the ukrainian military and impose a surrender.

and this is a campaign that is going to evolve, perhaps large parts of ukraine. i'm not sure it is even going to be limited to the regions east of the river or the southern coast. >> we certainly see also some troops in western belarus outside of western ukraine, although no evidence they have entered ukraine yet. i'm wondering if you could talk about ukraine's resistance. about what ukrainian officials are saying but what do you see in temples of ukrainian reistance. >> there is heavy fighting in some areas perhapsly outside of harkiv to the east, i think ukrainian forces may have managed to retake the air force that the russians seized earlier today in the morning. and you see considerable resistance along the eastern let's say, side of the current combat operation. but to the south russian forces have broken out and are making rapid progress into ukraine,

across the river, past to the east, so there are areas where you see substantial russian advances at this point. >> >> schifrin: and as you said under this worst-case scenario, this is only day one, the vast majority of the troops that russia has amassed at the border remain poised to fight. what are you looking for, the next 12, 24, 36 hours? >> there is nothing more confusing than war, unfortunately. and right now the picture is murky, there is always competing reports, conflicting earlier report i think from my point of view i will be looking to see the kind of fighting that takes place in and around kyiv to the north, and what happens with the current russian advances to the south and along harkiv to the east. there may be a russian break or the front line may stabilize outside of sumi. >> michael kofman, i know you

will be watching and we will as well. thanks very much. >> thanks for having me on >> woodruff: for more on russia's and the u.s. and european reaction we get three views. retired lieutenant general doug lute had a 35 year career in the u.s. army and served on the national security council staff during the george bush and obama administrations. he also served as u.s. ambassador to nato during the obama administration. andrew weiss served in the george h. w. bush and clinton administrations on the national security council staff and the state department's policy planning staff. he's now vice president for studies at carnegie endowment for international peace, a think tank. and angela stent worked in the state department during the clinton administration and served as a top u.s. intelligence officer on russia during the george w. bush administration. she's now a professor at georgetown university. welcome all three of you back to the newshour. the first thing i want to ask you is what you think vladimir putin is trying to accomplish

here and doug lute i will start where you. >> well, i think his objective is clear, it st regime change. i think on the other hand, he will be reluctant to try to occupy all of ukraine. and that is where the rub is. the dirchtion between-- difference between overthrowing the zelensky regime, replacing it it wih a puppet government is one thing. but it is a big gap between that and being able to control ukraine, the size of texas with 44 million people. >> woodruff: angela stent, is that what you believe vladimir putin's goal here is? and because if it is, there is a big gap between those two things. >> i do believe it's the goal. he wants a subservient ukraine. he wants a ukraine that will listen to russia and stop moving westward and so that he indeed needs regime chan. but as doug said, russia doesn't want to bear the cost of an occupation, it it would be expensive, it twoo take too many soldiers. and so the question is is he

going to be able to install a government and have enough support from the people, and that will do russia's bidding. and that also opens the question of western ukraine which michael kofman raised. if they want to do the same, they are going to have to take western ukraine as well and there is bound to be a large amount of resistance there too. >> woodruff: andrew weiss, how do you see what putin is trying todo here, and i guess i'm asking, is it realistic given the difficulty of controlling a country, what, over 60 million people, if he says that is not his intention? >> i believe that vladimir putin means business in ukraine. and i think he is perfectly happy with a destroyed ukraine, that starts to me apart, in which pieces either float back to russia or as we saw in 2014 where basically government disappears overnight. and in the end, i think he either expects to sthow magically there is a silent majority in ukraine that wants to be ruled by russia.

i think he is profoundly mistaken on that count. but he has talked about that publicly. on the other hand i think he also is a rather ruthless person who would be happy to pass the parcel to the west and basically take a broken ukraine with no military and then turn to the united states, the european union, and the international community and say oka, you can take care of this mess. i have proved my point. >> woodruff: general lute, do you see anything the west can do at this point to stop this march forward on the part of the russians and vladimir putin? >> you know, unfortunately, judy, i think deterrence here has obviously failed. and i don't see a major obstacle posed by the west to vladimir putin's objectives. there are two other obstacles that we should watch, one is the dnipro river which divides north, south in half between the eastern and western half, that is a major geographic obstacle, physical obstacle and the one we have been riverring to tand that is the resistance of the

ukrainian people. >> woodruff: an we are waiting to see how that develops. and meantime angela stent, you have these sanctions that the west is imposing. do you see those having any kind of meaningful effect on what putin is deciding to do on a day to day basis? >> i mean they will certainly have an economic effect on the individuals, on the people who deal with the major banks that have now been sanctioned, in terms, longer terms of the industry with the export controls. but unfortunately, i don't think they will have any impact on vladimir putin's decision making. we have seen him particularly the last week in these diatribes that he-- on trvetion, in his pronouncements of, which are wildly not factual and don't have a basis ineality, about what ukraine is. so i don't think that the prospect of some of his friends are being sanctioned or you know, banks being sanctioned, it

is not going to change. am. >> woodruff: now that we have seen this next level of sanctions imposed by the united states, by the u.k., and others, do you see that having an effect? >> i think the u.s. and western response and the level of coordination and joint action is quite impressive. and we're going to see far reaching effects from the sanctions that have been announcedded and the ones that will come as early as this evening and tomorrow morning from the european union. the challenge is the theory right now that i believe western policy makers have is they are going to see spectacular effects in russia asset markets. we'll see dislocation and we'll see disruption in every day life, the hope is that that show promotes cleefages in putin's relationship with the russian elite and with the russian people. there is a problem with the theory is that with for the russian elite, they are more putin's employees than they are his equal. and when it comes to the russian people, their lives are quite hard. and i think they know that their

government has a tremendous capacity for repression and violence. and they will-- they will steer clear of anything that looks like a direct challenge to vladimir putin's role. >> woodruff: i want to come back doug lute to what you said a minute ago about the ability of the ukrainian people themselves to stave off the worst here. how do you see that unfolding. and then the question becomeses how do you-- do you see this conflict in ukraine spilling out into other countries in eastern europe? >> well, i think first of all, in terms of spillover effects, i don't see a military spillover because just beyond ukraine is the bright red line of the nato boundary. and i think president putin understands that he does not wish to pick a fight with nato his self. but we are already seeing some spillover effects. we saw the traffic jam headed west out of kyiv, those disflaysed persons will eventually reach the polishing and romanian borders, mainly,

two nato allies and become refugees. there is a humanitarian crisis associated with those displacements. and then we're also seeing, judy, the early returns of the economic spillover effects. the global energy market is already tight, prices are high, and they're going to go higher. all of that will fuel the inflation which is also preexisting. >> woodruff: and angela stent, is, i mean you are someone who has studied vladimir putin for a long time. do you see part of what he is doing as a waiting game to see if the west, right now it may look mainly divided but that may not last. >> yes, certainly if the conflict goes on and on in some of the the scenarios that andrew weiss was pointing out, i think he will see a crack in western unionity, europe, united states, we have a lot of problems, i do also think that we have to rememberhat once a war has started, you don't know, accidents can happen, you don't know what the course of the war is going it to be, and it is

possible that some of our nato allies on the eastern flank, ukraine's neighbors could show be effected. and that would you know be real crisis point for nato. we do know that if you look at the treaties that the russians presented in december, that vladimir putin also has a flight from central and eastern europe, so we hope that is not the next phase in this war. >> woodruff: and andrew weiss, how are you looking at that, that really terrible-- this is bad enough as it is, but the terrible prospect that it could spread. >> i believe that the opportunities for spread are nontrivial. and we now have a permanent russian military presence in belarus, so the security landscape in europe is now fundamentally altered. particularly if ukrainian military as michael kofman was saying loses in a spectacular fashion, so you will end up with basically a new european sort of cold war and you will end up

with a standoff that is increasingly unstable. i don't think it necessarily means that nato and russia will tangle, but it does mean that accidents might happen, it also means that the united states is going to have to make major resource allocations to be the backbone of european security. unfortunately, our european allies just don't have the kind of military capability that the united states brings to this crisis. >> woodruff: so doug lute, we could be down the line looking at a much greater u.s. commitment in europe? >> i think we will, undoubtedly. as we just stated. the european allies don't simply have the capability defending themselves right now. when you see this early on judy biway of the sorts of forces that the u.s. is commiing on a national base is to the defense in the east. so rapid reaction forces. high end helicopters, aircraft, f-35 for the first time, is in central and eastern europe.

long-range precision strike, intelligence surveillance, reconaissance capability. these are high end military capabilities that take decades to develop. and the europeans by andarge don't have it. >> woodruff: and just quickly, finally to you, angela stent, there is some reporting today about vladimir putin's isolation. you have spoken to us about that and when you have been on this program, before, is there any prospect you see that there is significant pushback to him, inside his own innercircle. >> it's very hard to see at the moment, i think the theory of his innercircle of sanctions, they ---- i think we have to push that, but they have what they have, at the pleasure of the czar, of vladimir putin himself, so at the moment i don't really see those fissures emerging but who knows, further down they might. >> woodruff: we thank all three of you, angela stent, general doug lute, andrew weiss,

thank you very much. and for a >> woodruff: for more on the history of ukraine, and it's biden ned price, welcome to the newshour, i don't know if you have been able to hear the discussion we have been having. but frankly overall very pessimism projections on what is going to dom from what is happening in ukraine. is that the overall outlook of the biden administration right now about what is going on? >> judy, we have been deeply concerned about this for not weeks but months now. we first started warning about this possibility in november when we talked about the unusual military movements inside russia. first 10,000 troops, 50,000 troop, more than 150,000 troops in recent days. as our intelligence has built up, so too has our concern. we have talked about the increasingly imminent signs of the invasion that started in many ways in recent days including with the barrage of missiles and attacks last night

and concerningly, the information we have that we have made public, that this is not only russian aggression against the territorial integrity of ukraine, this is not only russian aggression against the ukrainian government, but this is intended russian aggression against the ukranian people. in other words, this is a concerted effort on the part of vladimir putin to harm the ukrainian people, to throttle them, to crush them, as our national security advisor said the other day. that is why we have been ringing the alarm bell in every way we can. i think you have seen the united states act with unity, act with purpose, act with seriousness, with our allies and partners around the world, over recent days, to impose substantial, significant costs on putin in response to that. >> woodruff: and i want to ask about that, because you have been ringing the bell. you have have been united to a large degree. but these sanctions, as you know, that the administration and others announced in recent

days didn't stop vladimir putin. he is marching forward as if they didn't exist. >> well, it sure seems that vladimir putin has been determined to do this for some time. but we were also determined to use every tool, every opportunity we had to incentivize him, to deter him from not doing so. look, if we were to have taken a differt approach, if we were to have kept this information to ourselve, if we were as some suggested to have implemented the sanctions before hand, it would have suggested to vladimir putin and the russian federation that one, we weren't actually serious about diplomacy. and two, if we were to have enacted these measures before this week, not only would it not have deterred him trk nay well have incentivized vladimir putin to move earlier. if we impose the costs that we have been warning against for some time, vladimir putin would have had no reason, no reason to give himself pause. no reason to think twice or three times as he might have done in recent days, and recent

weeks. our goal now is to prevent what we are seeing from becoming this all-out war. what would be a costly, devastating war for ukraine, for the ukrainian people but also for russia and the russian people. russians will be coming home in body bags. russians may not see that on state-run television. they may not see their fellow citizens marching in the streets, but all of this will happen. this will be a devastating, costly war for russia and for ukraine. >> woodruff: what makes the administration, you, the president, otherses confident that this set of sanctions that are announced today on top of what you have already done in concert with what the rest of nato, and europe is doing, is going to have an effect on vladimir putin when nothing has deterred him until thousand? >> well, we know it will have an effect on vladimir putin. these sanctions are unprecedented in terms of their scope and scale, far beyond what the united states didn 2014, but also significant in terms o the fact that we are acting with many of our closest allies and

partners. in terms of the measures we announced today. we now have sanctions on russia's ten thrarnlgest banks, 80% of russia's banking sector assets, we now have export controls that limit russia's ability to import some 50% of the materials for the strategic sectors that they will need to operate, with any strength on the world stage. we have sanctioned oligarchs and others around vladimir putin and our allies and partners have done the same. we have already seen the toll that these measures have taken on the russian financial system. you need only look at the russian stock market, at the ruble, at investor sentiments around russia to know that these measures have been costly and they will be costly. the cost of these measures will gain momentum in the coming days and coming weeks. and these measures will only escalate if putin escalates. we're prepared to go further. >> woodruff: at the same time you have leaders like the senate minority leader mitch mcconnell saying the president

should be putting forward much tougher sanctions than he is right now. pointing out that what you and i have jusbeen talking about, that it hasn't worked. we also heard the president himself say today ned price when he spoke to the press that the europeans are not behind, for example, the idea of imposing restrictions on russia through the so called swift system. this is a global banking system that would clearly have some effect on the russian leadership. to twha extent is european opposition holding back president biden? >> well, a couple of pointsk judy. i think today the fact that we worked in tandem with the 27 members of the european union, with australia, with japan, with canada, with the united kingdom, with other countries around the world to impose these measures shows that a, we're not divided and certainly we are united on this, the united states alone is some 25 percent of gdp, acting the way we did today, more than half of the world's grk dp. the fact that we are acting

collectively will take a large chunk out of russia's economy and financial system, i know there have been some who called for other measures. the measures we instituted today will have a more significant and sustained impact then some of those calls that we have heard. that includes swift, that includes sanctions on any single individual. we have gone after russia's banking sector we have gone after russia strategic centers, we have gone after russia's oligarch and it's elite. all of these things have had an immediate cost, and those costs will grow to the russian federation in the days to come. >> woodruff: how long do you think this conflict is going to go on? what is the best information the administration has about how long the russians are prepared to stick with this and how long the ukrainians will fight back? >> well, we know a couple of things. we know the russian intent it is to carry forward with this campaign until their objectives are achieved. our intent is to bring this conflict to a close. to induce vladimir putin and

those around him to stop the violence, to withdraw the forces, to not go forward with this planned brutality against the ukrainian people, and to come back to the dip plo-- diplomatic table but to do so in good faith. we have seen the russian federation it at the table, with secretary blinken when he was been across from foreign minister lavrov. the russians to date have not done so in good faith, the russians if they are serious in the face of our very serious measures, need to come back to the diplomatic table. need to prove their seriousness of purpose. >> woodruff: you st still have some hopes on diplomacy given the fact that all the diplomacy leading up to this didn't work? >> we are diplomats. we always have hope with di lom see. we mow that the only way we're going to save lives, that we are going to bring this conflict to an end as quickly as humanly possible, is through diplomacy, so of course we will stick at it. >> woodruff: ned price, who is a spokesman for the state department, thank you very much.

>> thank, judy >> woodruff: in the day's other news, the invasion of ukraine sent wall street down sharply-- at first. major indexes rebounded later when u.s. sanctions were less draconian than expected. in the end, the dow jones industrial average gained 92 points to close at 33,223. the nasdaq rose 436 points, 3%. and the s&p 500 added 63 points, 1.5% afederal jury in st. paul, minnesota convicted three former police officers today of violating george floyd's civil rights. they were accused of failing to help floyd when another officer pinned him by the neck as he struggled to breathe. we'll return to the verdict, after the news summary.

after their son allegedly killed four students at his high school. jennifer and james crumbley are accused of buying the boy a gun and then doing nothing when teachers found disturbing drawings. at a hearing today guidance counselor sean hopkins said he urged that their son get help immediately but they refused to take him home. >> it was a really rough situation to be showing signs of needing help, of needing-- of needing support and it felt like he got the opposite. >> woodruff: 15 year old ethan crumbly is charged with first degree murder and other crimes in the school attack last november. >> a wide a widespread weather front spread freezing rain across more of the country's mid-section today from texas to the great lakes. ice-covered roads held up drivers and caused hundreds of traffic accidents. the ice storm was expected to continue through the night and

push into the mid-atlantic and northeast. there's been a sharp rise in american women choosing abortion pills over surgery since the pandemic began. the guttmacher institute reports 54% of all u.s. abortions in 2020 involved medication, up from 40% the year before. it reflects increased reliance on tele-medicine and f.d.a. approval of getting pills through the mail. the securities and exchange commission is investigating whether tesla c.e.o. elon musk and his brother broke insider trading rules. "the wall street journal" and others report it stems from a november tweet. in it, musk asked if he ought to sell part of his tesla holdings, and company stock fell sharply. e day earlier, his brother sold shares worth $108 million. and, newly revised numbers show the u.s. economy grew more at the end of 2021 than first

estimated. the gross domestic product increased at a 7% annual pace in the fourth quarter. growth for all of 2021 was 5.7%. that was the best showing since 1984. stay with us. coming up next, we'ldelve into texas's efforts to prevent gender affirmation surgery for transgender children; and >> woodruff: as we reported earlier, three former minneapolis police officers have been convicted in federal court of violating george floyd's civil rights. they were on the scene assisting fellow officer derek chauvin when he pressed his knee into floyd's neck for nine-and-a-half minutes, killing him and setting off a wave of racial justice protests worldwide.

john yang has the story >> yang: judy, all three of the officers were convicted for not giving floyd medical aid, and two were convicted for not stopping derek chauvin as he knelt on floyd's neck. the jury rejected the defense argument that the officers were just following their training and deferring to a senior officer . >> george floyd was a human being, he de served to be treated as such. he was a son, a father, a significant other, a family member and a friend to so many. my hope, the hope of o team is that today's verdict will bring a measure of justice. >> the three still face a state trial on charges of aiding and abetting murder and manslaughter in floyd'death. shannon prince is an attorney in private practice in new york, her work focuses on policing policy and restorative justice. shannon price, thanks for being

back with us. this was a verdict that came after only about a day and a half of de liberations. apparently very emotional for the jury, reporters in the court room say that some jurors were in tears as the verdict was read. what is your rea to this verdict? >> so i think with this verdict shows an increasing trend towards police accountability. first in the derek chauvin case we saw an officer held accountable for the deliberate acts he took that lead to the death of a black man. then in the recent tim potter verdict we saw an officer held accountable for the accidental action she took that lead to the death of a black man. albeit though given a light sentence. and now in this case, we see accountability proceed a step further, because these e-officers were held accountable for the actions they failed to take. this case is different from the upcoming state case because that case is about the actions that

the officers are alleged to have taken to have aided and abetted derek chauvin, what this case was about was the actions they failed to take ta, their delibera indifference to george floyd medical needs and failure to intervene in ger derek chauvin's unreasonable use of force. >> and the rejection of the defense argument that they were just following their training, that they had been shown officers doing what derek chauvin had done in their training, and that this was simply bad training on the part of the minneapolis police, what do you think of that? >> so i think that the prosecution put on a very strategic case. first they put on witness after witness from kitty blackwell performing a department training program to zimmerman who was one of the most senior men on the force to say that officers are trained to intervene in the unreasonable use of force. the prosecution even elic-- elicited testimony from

the defendants themselves that they knew they had a duty to intervene no matter how junior they were. now the defense put on a use of force expert who testifies that although derek chauvin's use of force was unreasonable, it it was unlikely that someone like steer kueng would physically move to remove chauvin from george floyd however i think that the prosecution ult tate-- ultimately say this is a case of policy where the defendant were saying it is a case about culture. about a culture that wouldn't let junior officers challenge more senior officers. and we see that the jury ultimately sided with the prosecution, that policy trumped culture. >> this is the sort of charge that federal prosecutors have not been bringing in previous cases. it has been unusual. and now they have a conviction in a case like this. do you think they might see more of these? >> it st possible that we could

see more of these cases because every case that is a precedent, and those precedents, an example for prosecutors to what cases are reasonable to bring because if t is feasible that those cases could be successful, but it is important to note that we shouldn't have been distracted by these blockbuster cases because what ultimately changes policing is policy. so while we have had these recent convictions, the state case against derek chauvin, chauvin's plea deal and his federal case, the case against kim potter and this case today, we have to be mindful of the fact that for example congress has not yet passed a george floyd justice and policing ak that would have transformative change on policing policy. >> beyond policing policies, of course, earlier this week we had the hate crimes conviction against the three men in georgia in the killing of ahmaud arbery. are we seeing a shift whether it

is, i don't know if it is a tidal shift or are we seeing a shuttle shift in how people are viewing these crimes. >> i think that we have a department of justice that is willing to bring these hate crime cases. it it st important to note though that of all the cases that u.s. attorneys look into as possible hate crimes, the department of justice ultimately goes forward with only about 17 percent of them. and the primary reason for that is lack of evidence. in this case, as one of the defendants william roddy bryant, hadn't taped that killing and made that tape available, there may not have been enough evidence in this case. and so although these precedents are important, these cases remain rare and one case or even one verdict doesn't represent a sea change. >> shannon prince, thank you vech. >> thank you for having me. -- price-- .

>> woodruff: it's the latest fight over transgender rights. and once again, the epicenter is texas, where governor greg abbott, and attorney general ken paxton, have directed state agencies that gender-affirming medical care for transgender children should be investigated as child abuse. >> nawaz: judy, even though this latest decision does not hold the weight of law, families in texas are worried. here's what amber and adam briggle, who have a 14-year-old transgender son, told us. >> it's traumatizing. it's-- it's anxiety inducing. and there's enough ambiguity to create, i think, genuine concern that somebody is going to feel like they've been deputized to be a vigilante law enforcer.

>> people think that if it doesn't affect their kid that they don't need to care about it, they don't need to think about it. and though we are a small minority in this country, the rights of my child matter just as much as the rights of your child do. >> nawaz: medical experts, including the american academy of pediatrics, say gender affirming care is safe and best practice. for more on that, i'm joined by dr. stephen rosenthal, a pediatric endocrinologist and the medical director of the child and adolescent gender center at the university of california san francisco. dr. rosenthal, welcome to it the newshour, thank you for joining us, so when people hear the phrase gender affirming care, often they don't know what that means, what kind of care are we talking about, what is the sort of range of care you and your center provide. >> sure, gender affirming care really is an umbrella term that encompasses first and foremost a thorough assessment by a qualified mental health gender

specialist. and then includes a range of possible medical options that range anywhere from fully reversible puberty blockers to gender affirming sex hormones and then in some older individuals perhaps some gender confirming surgeries. >> and so what is the science? what does the evidence show us about that kind of care? what is the consensus in the medical and child welfare community? >> the practice that we follow is not out of the blue, it is really based on what are referred it to as clinical practice guidelines and standards of care which are evidence based. in fact there are more than 25 years of published scientific evidence that support these guidelines. i think i could highlight one particular study that was published just two months ago in the journal of adolescent health which made the, i think very compelling observation, that access to gender affirming care in particular sex hormones such as testosterone and estrogen to

eligible adolescents, that this lead to a significant decrease in depression, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. >> nawaz: so when you heard officials in texas equating this to child abuse, what was your reaction, what did you think? >> i was horrified. and i can only imagine how families, patients would reaction to hearing this. i cannot think of any medical reason to deny access to care when every reputable, medical and mental health organization in this country have endorsed an interdisciplinary model of care that follows the clinical practice guidelines and centers of care that i previously mentioned. >> nawaz: so dr. rosenthal, we should mention texas isn't the only place that we have seen similar measures like this that do target transgender children, in particular to other states have introduced similar measures in the last year, some don't pass, they get stuck in court. but the fact that this is a conversation, a national political conversation in many

cases is it having an effect on these children? >> it is unquestionable that this is having an effect on children. feeling that people who look-- these are very complicate ed-- complicated situations that are best handled through a very, i think, intimate relationship between the patient, the family and qualified health care team. when i say intimate, i mean dical professionals and mental health professionals that have been working closely with the patient and family and really get it to know them. and can do a proper assessment and figure out what is in that rson's best interest. this should not be ithe hands of politiciansk particularly politicians who likely have never read the science, nor have ever even visited a gender program such as ours. >> nawaz: so dr. rosenthal, if you, if you are a teenager in texas right now, if your gender

identity differs from the sex you were assigned at birth, if you are a family like the briggles we heard from earlier, what are your options, what can you do? >> we need to let people know that they are not alone. that they are being heard and that people who are continuing to contribute to the scice and to ask us the efforts are tirelessly doing that work. and of course what recently happened in texas, is not legally binding. and we will do everything we can to let people know that we will find ways of supporting them and we will continue to do the science so that we can continue to have a rational argument and contribute that to the discussion and not simply in the hands of politicians it. >> nawaz: that is dr. stephen rosenthal of university of california san francisco child and adolescent gender center. thank you for your time.

>> thank you so much. >> woodruff: and that's the newshour for tonight. stay up to date with our continuing coverage of the crisis in ukraine on-line at pbs.org/newshour, and join us again here tomorrow evening for full analysis of all the latest developments. i'm judy woodruff. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you for watching, please stay safe, and we'll see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> for 25 years, consumer cellular has been offering no-contract wireless plans, designed to help people do more of what they like. our u.s.-based customer service team can help find a plan that fits you. to learn more, visit www.consumercellular.tv. >> the ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change

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hello, everyone and welcome to "amanpour & co." here is what's coming up. >> the united states together with our allies will defend every inch of nato territory and abide by the commitments we made to nato. >> as president biden moves to strengthen nato allies, i ask the estonian prime minister if the alliance is doing enough to deter putin's aggression. >> russia's interests and the security of our citizens are non-negotiable for us. >> as putin makes his case for war against ukraine, we hear about the moodn moscow. >> our position is clear. we haven't changed it. since 2008, we have been in favor of ukraine joining nato.

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