♪ judy: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on "the newshour" tonight, the invasion's impact. ukraine's president speaks to the united nations as russian forces refocus their attacks and more atrocities are uncovered. then, access to health care. the biden administration joined by former president obama proposes an expansion to the affordable care act. and stateless -- hundreds of thousands of people in the united states live in legal limbo because they are not recognized as citizens of any nation. >> not being a citizen of any country in the world limits you for your access to human rights. without having a country that recognizes me, i don't have any laws that protect me. judy: all that and more on

tonight's "pbs newshour." ♪ >> major funding for "the pbs newshour" has been provided by -- >> the landscape has changed and not for the last time. the rules of business are being reinvented with a more flexible workforce, by embracing innovation, by looking not only at current opportunities but ahead to future ones. resilience is the ability to pivot again and again for whatever happens next. >> people who know know bdo. >> for 25 years, consumer cellular has been offering no contract wireless plans for designed to help people do what they like. our team can design a plan that fits you. to learn more visit consumercellular.tv.

>> the john s and james l night -- knight foundation, fostering engaged communities. >> and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. judy: the atrocities apparently committed by russia in ukraine

echoed in the halls of the united nations today as president volodymyr zelenskyy issued a condemnation of the world body and the united nations security council in particular where russia sits as permanent member. the white house said a new round of sanctions designed to further throttle russia's central bank will be issued tomorrow, but we begin again with our special correspondent and videographer who traveled to the city near where the destruction wrought by russia is near total. and again, a warning. you may find images in this report upsetting. >> just 15 miles northwest of the site of atrocities committed by the russian occupation lies

what is left. residents are only starting to grapple with the enormity of the destruction wrought by aerial bombardment on the small suburb of kyiv. she returned to her apartment block to salvage what little she can. >> there were people in the basement of that building and people in the basement of that one. some people were buried under the rubble. i don't know how they got out -- i don't know if they got out. >> i ask how she is holding up. >> what can i do? i have a small child. if i get upset, she will get upset. >> we are following around a group of police officers who have the grim task of going around town and collecting the dead bodies of people who were killed during the russian occupation of this area during the fighting that took place here. most of them were killed i bombings or showings -- or she llings, apparently, but at least one of the men we have seen appears to have been executed. he had his hands tied behind his back.

the russian retreat from the areas around kyiv has revealed a heavy toll civilians paid for russia's attempt to capture the ukrainian capital. a picture emerges of a pattern of apparent war crimes. this victim's body is badly bruised, suggesting a brutal beating. his hands are tied behind his back and there is a bag over his head. >> in the case of this body, he's tied up. the cause of death with either a gunshot wound or injuries sustained by the body he could not survive. we don't know for sure. after the coroner's investigation, we will identify the cause of death. >> residents told us russian troops went from house to house, checking documents and confiscating phones. men were asked if they had any connections to the military. >> they check homes. the first thing they asked was are there any military people? are there weapons? if there were military people, they shot them. one guy had his ear cut off for looting. others were simply shot. we tried to hide from the so as

-- hide from them, more or less, so as not to come across them. >> in his address to the united states -- united nations secure to, ukrainian president volodymyr zelenskyy said russian troops behaved this way across the areas they occupied. >> they even deliberately blow up shelters for civilians. russia wants to turn ukrainians into silent slaves. >> russia, permanent member of the 15-nation security council, struck back and claimed no civilians suffered any kind of violence. >> we came to you, too ukraine, not to conquer land. we came to bring long-awaited is -- peace to e bloodsoaked land of donbass. >> world leaders pledged to investigate. u.s. secretary of state antony blinken spoke this morning before leaving for meetings with allies in brussels. >> what we have seen is not the

random act of a ad unit. -- rogue unit. it is a deliberate campaign to kill, to torture, to rape, to commit atrocities. >> european commission president ursula von der leyen also about vowed her support. >> these atrocities cannot and will not go unanswered. >> to further punish russia, the commission proposed sweeping sanctions, including an important and on russian coal, the first european move to block russia's energy industry, but on calls for a total embargo, eu leaders remain split. according to british intelligence, ukrainians continue to retake territory pushing russian soldiers away from chernihiv. officials say russian forces

will likely have to resupply before returning to the east. the united nations assess the conflict has displaced more than seven million people within ukraine. more than 4 million have fled the country. >> i saw with my own eyes how our homes were destroyed. how rockets and hard artillery flew. >> >> to evacuate civilians, ukraine today said that new mena -- newumanitarian corridors were agreed upon, including one for mariupol. but for the fifth day straight, a red cross aid vehicle could not reach the city. she is asked why she plants flowers. >> to lift my spits. what else should i do now, just lay down and wait? we already have somebody laying there just waiting to be

collected. >> with thousands still trapped in variable facing shortages of food and water, the only thing they can do is wait. judy: as russian forces redeploy to ukraine's east and south, pitched battles are being ought -- fought near a city which has become a refuge for ukraians escaping the horrors of russian attacks on mariupol and other southern cities. our special correspondent reports from a town on the front lines. >> the evidence of war is scattered along the road and it left marks. >> they shoot here. it is all flying over there. at night, it is flying all over. >> a few weeks ago, russian troops went to his village. out of 400 residents before the war, only about 20 remain. i ask him why he stayed.

>> what do you mean why? i built all of this with these hands. you think if i flee somewhere i will be safe? do you think the war will not get me there? it is all the same. where should i go? >> every night, they go to their basement. this is where they sleep. >> come on in. >> the cellar is tiny and cold. they have been sleeping here for a month. they serve as a reminder of russia's past withdrawal. >> some 20 miles to the south, ukrainian soldiers spent their days in the trenches of the frontline. soldiers tell us to move fast and stay low because we are in the range of russian snipers. we are on the frontline position

. this road goes all the way to crimea and ever since the beginning of the war, it has been a lifeline for those fleeing the fighting, a lifeline that has been cut. >> now ukrainian troops are guarding this position to prevent any further russian advance. our military expert says they will do everything to ensure that russians are stop here. >> it is a cruel, treasonous war of destruction of our peaceful cities and villages and of our people. i will never forgive them. never in our life. i can only forgive them when a mother can forgive the murder of her child and this will never happen. >> this military hospital takes in both wounded soldiers and civilians, but they do not keep them here for too long. >> when we collect them, we provide the stabilization, provide the operation, and send them away.

also we provide medical care for kids. >> this lt. col. became chief of the military hospital just a few weeks before the war started. he is an experienced combat medic. he served in a nato mission in koso. and the united nation's mission in congo. he is only 35 and is bringing millennial ideas. >> we will make this project in the surgery room. we tried to make an online concentration in the corner of the surgery room.

>> while he is bringing technology to the war zone, that war zone continues to come to them every day. judy: and a reminder that our reporting on the war in ukraine is supported in partnership with the pulitzer center and now we return to today's united nations security council meeting on ukraine that featured a lengthy denunciation by president zelenskyy, not just of russia but also of the united nations itself for its inability to bring russia to heel. i spoke a short time ago with linda thomas-greenfield, the u.s. ambassador to the united nations. madam ambassador, thank you so much for joining us. i want to start by asking if you think the atrocities that we have seen in ukraine now that russian troops have repositioned

themselves change the responsibility of the west, of the united states, of the united nations toward this conflict. >> it certainly has changed us a great deal. once we saw the pictures of those atrocities, it became clear to us that the first action we needed to take among many is to get rsia suspended from the human rights council. it cannot present itself to the world as a country that respects human rights and then carry out the kinds of atrocities and war crimes that they have carried out in ukraine. as you may have heard, our intention is to ask for a vote in the general assembly this week, calling for the suspension of russia from the human rights council. judy: with all due respect, is there reason to believe removing them from the human rights council will have any effect at all on vladimir putin?

he is enduring sanctions. his country has been squeezed on the economic front, and still, he is plowing ahead. >> putin continues to carry out his war of aggression against the ukrainian people despite the impact of the sanctions and other pressure being put on the russians, but they are feeling the pressure. they are feeling the isolation in the security council and around the world. they are feeling the condemnation, and we will keep the pressure on until he comes to the right conclusion, and that is he has to pull his troops out of ukraine. in the meantime, we are going to continue to support the ukrainian people, the ukrainian government in their efforts to defeat the russians. as you know, i traveled over the weekend t romania and moldova where i met women and children whhave fled ukraine, who have fled the terror that the russians are carrying out in

that country, and it was heart wrenching to hear their stories and to hear their pain and despair over the situation in their country. judy: which is all the more reason to ask -- where is the evidence that vladimir putin and the people around him are feeling the pain from these sanctions? they continue to pound ukraine in the east, in the south. >> they certainly are, and we are going to keep wrapping up pressure on them until they stop. they cannot continue to do this forever. they have been pushed back by ukrainians, and the only thing they have succeeded in doing is they have succeeded in unifying the europeans and americans. they have unifienato, and they have given ukrainians a greater will to fight. judy: at the same time, russia continues to have a seat on the united nations security council.

they are a permanent member. as long as they are a permanent member, does the united nations have the teeth to make whatever resolutions it passes fe by the russian leadership? >> they are a permanent member of the security council. that we cannot change, but he can isolate them in that position, and we have. we have succeeded in isolating them. we have isolated them in the security council. you may have heard the speeches today. not a single country spoke without speaking of the horror they are seeing happening in ukraine and calling on the russians to cease their unconscionable war on the ukrainian people. they were isolated in the general assembly. we got 140 votes condemning them. we got 140 votes supporting the ukrainian need for humanitarian assistance, so they are feeling the pressure, and they are feeling the isolation, and i cannot explain putin's actions,

but i can say what he is doing is a disgrace to their position on the security council, their position on the human rights council. judy: given the restraints on the united nations because they sit on the security council, because they still have the support of china, given all that, does the world need to have some sort of alternative body that enforces the rule of law, that enforces the kind of values that, frankly, humanity demands? >> no, but the united nations is the body that we have and we have to work to improve the united nations and continue to use this body to put pressure on the russians, and while they do have the veto power, they cannot veto our voices. they cannot veto the ukrainian president cong in front of the security council and condemning them.

they cannot veto you and others who are reporting the truth to the world, and they are uncomfortable, and as for the chinese, they are uncomfortable in this position that they find themselves in, depending what the russians are doing, so we are going to keep the pressure on. we are going to keep applying that pressure until russia comes to understand that they cannot continue this unconscionable for against the ukrainian people. judy: i want to quote to you ambassador thomas greenfield, something president zelenskyy posted today. he said, was it really necessary to wait for this? did hundreds of ukrainians have to die in agony for some leaders to understand that russia deserves the most severe pressure? what would you say to him? >> we have in putting pressure on the russians since day one. you will recall that on the day of the attack, before the attacks started on february 4, we were in an emgency meeting

-- february 24, we were in an emergency meeting of the security council calling out russia, so we have been condemning them since day one and we have been ramping up the pressure on them since day one, and we have been supporting ukraine, even before this started, and we will continue to support th. judy: as you know, he is continuing to ask president zelenskyy for more weapons. he spoke today. antitank weapons, antimissile, anti-ship. he is still not getting what he says he needs to put up the defense that ukraine in his words has to put up in order to prevail. >> we are continuing to engage with the ukrainian government on their needs. we have provided the ukrainian government close to $1 billion before this started and $1 billion since this has started, and we have provided them antitank weapons and missiles, and we are continuing to engage with them on other needs that they may have.

in addition, other countries in nato and in the region he been providing them with additional support. judy: on the negotiating front, we are hearing that these talks between the russians and ukrainians are going icircles, that the russians are not taking this at all seriously. what is your understanding? >> we tried prior to this war starting to negotiate with the russians, to try to help them find a diplomatic solution to their security concerns, and the russians would not sit at the negotiating table. they wanted to go to war, and now the ukrainians are sincerely trying to find an offramp for them, and while they continue to pound ukraine, the ukrainian government continues to look for a diplomatic way to end the carnage that the russians are

carrying out against them, and they will continue, and we support their efforts to find a diplomatic solution. others have complained that we have moved too fast to impose sanctions on the russians. we need to look for a diplomatic way out. well, what i say to them is we haveade that effort. now russia has to come to the negotiating table. we cannot negotiate a loan, and -- we cannot negotiate alone, and the ukrainians cannot continue to negotiate with themselves. the russians have to negotiate with sincerity. they have to negotiate with the intent to find a solution, and at this point, they have not done that. judy: ambassador linda thomas-greenfield, the u.s. ambassador to the united nations, thank you very much. >> thank you very much. it was great to be here with you.

stephanie: we will return to the full program after the latest headlines. the u.s. senate moved ahead wit debating the nomination of catania brown jackson to the supreme court. her confirmation as the first black female justice is now assured with three republicans joining all 50 democrats in support. a final vote could come thursday. the senate hit a snag today on a bipartisan agreement for $10 billion in pandemic relief. republicans blocked consideration of the bill. they said they first want a vote to bar president biden from ending title 42, the pandemic-era poly of expelling asylum-seekers. party leaders spoke earlier at separate briefings. >> i think we will have to have an amendment on title 42 in order to move the bill. there are several other amendments we are going to want to offer, so we need to enter

into some sort oagreement to process these amendments in order to go forward with the bill. >> the bottom line is this is a bipartisan agrment that does a whole lot of good for the american people. vaccines, testing, therapeutics. it should not be held hostage by an extraneous issue. stephanie some democratic : progressives in the house of representatives also criticized the covert relief package but -- the covid relief package, but for a different reason -- because it does not include aid for poor couries. the biden administration announced a new research effort on so-called long covid. symptoms range from lingering fatigue and pain to brain fog for as many as 1/3 of all covid patients. the u.s. department of health will coordinate the initiative. >> long covid is real and there is still so much we don't know about it. millions of americans may be struggling with lingering health effects, ranging from things that are easier to notice like trouble breathing or irregular

heartbeat, to less apparent but potentially serious conditions related to the brain or mental health. stephanie: meanwle, a lockdown in shanghai, china, has been extended indefinitely in the face of a spreading outbreak. one official today called the situation extremely grim. in peru, president castillo imposed a daylong curfew in lima after violent protests this week over rising prices. on monday, crowds burned tollbooths and blocked roads with flaming tires. the curfew sparked even more protests, prompting the president to lift it early. at least four people have died in the violence. for the first time, a trial has opened at the international criminal court on rocities in sudan's darfur region. an alleged militia leader has pleaded innocent to war crimes

and crimes against humanity, but prosecutors said today that the heat showed "a strange glee" in -- that he showed "a strange glee" in carrying out murders, rapes, and torture. >> the full range of crimes that to be fully nest he participated in and ordered, it seems his defense is "it's not me." witness after witness saw him, heard him, recognize him. stephanie: up to 300,000 people died in darfur in a 20-year government-backed war on the rebels. the former president's daughter ivanka trump testified on the january 6 riot at the u.s. capitol. she appeared for several hours via video link before a special congressional committee. the committee chair said that she was helpful. her husband testified last week. republican congressman fred upton of michigan has announced he will not seek reelection to a 19th term. he is one of 10 house republicans who voted to impeach president trump over the events of january 6. so far, four of that group including upton have opted

against running again. sacramento police announced the arrest of a third person related to shootings that killed six and injured 12 on sunday morning. two are brothers. one is charged with assault with a firearm. the other faces charges of possessing a machine gun. all three are also charged with illegally possessing firearms. cambridge university in england celebrating the return of two of charles darwin's notebooks 20 years after they disappeared. they are undamaged and one contains darwin's famous tree of life sketch, mapping early ideas on natural selection. the notebooks showed up at the librarian's office in a pink gift bag with a note saying "happy easter." and a passing of note. holocaust survivor gerda wiseman klein has died in phoenix where she had made her home. she spent years telling her story of humanity and hope in

books and speeches and on "the newshour." along the way, she received an emmy and oscar for a documentary on her life as well as the presidential medal of freedom. gerda wiseman klein was 97 years old. still to come, we examined the plight of individuals who have no country to call home. kansas erases a storic deficit to defeat north carolina for the men's national college basketball title. poet ocean huang gives a brief but sptacular take on grief and language. plus much more. >> this is "the pbs newshour" from w eta studios in washington and in the west the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. judy president biden got some : help from former president obama today as the white house announced a proposal aimed at lowering health insurance costs for millions of americans.

>> the president announced a two what has been called the family glitch, a loophole in the affordable care act that kept millions from qualifying for subsidized insurance plans. president biden and former president obama made the announcement earlier today at the white house. president biden: here's the problem -- under the current rules, a working mom is told as long as she can afford employer-based coverage for herself, she cannot qualify for premium subsidies to afford coverage for her family. cover her but not her family. we are working to change that. once today's proposed rule is finalized, starting next year, working families in america will get the help they need to afford full family coverage. >> for more on the impact this could have and who it could help, i'm joined by margo, who covers health care for "the new york times."

welcome back to "the newshour." >> thanks so much for having me. let's make sure people understand this family glitch issue. how is it making insurance more expensive? >> the affordable care act was designed to make insurance more affordable for all americans and had a bunch of different programs. one was saying if you work, your employer should make it shirt -- insurance available to you at a price you can afford. there's another program, the obamacare marketplaces where people who don't get insurance through work can buy insurance and depending on their other income can get help from the government. the family glitch deals with people who are caught in between programs. if you can imagine a family where a single mom gets insurance at work and it's affordable for her, but if she wants to buy a family plan to cover her husband or kids, it would be too expensive, currently, they cannot buy a different plan in the obamacare market place. that has always been known as the family glitch. there are about 5 million people in this situation. some of them just pay a lot of money to all be in the family

plan under an employer, some of them pay a lot of money to get a separate plan, and some are uninsured. thiss a new rule to try to solve that problem. >> and it has long been recognized as a problem that needs to be fixed. we should mention there has been some republican pushback already. many are saying this needs to go through congress. >> i think it is a little bit ambiguous. the last round of legislating was sort of lightning fast, and there were a lot of sloppy things that wenthrough, so in the obama administration, officials and lawyers did not think that they could solve this problem through regulation. they thought congress needed to pass another law that said these people should be able to go to the exchangers andet marketplace coverage, but the biden administration has looked at it again and think this is an acceptable way to solve this problem. it is possible there will be some legal debate, some lawsuit

challenging it, but it seems like the legal interpretation of the biden administration is that they can fix this problem. with president biden, we saw president obama standing at the podium supporting this move, so it seems he has come around as well. >> we should mention, there was a big affordable care act expansion last year, right? part of that american rescue plan also expanded health care subsidies and access to insurance. those subsidies will run out at the end of this year, though, right? does this fix help to fill the gap that will leave? >> i think some of the people are the same but many are not. lots of people have been eligible since the affordable care act became law subsidies to help them buy insurance, and what congress did last year was give them a little boost. they made insurance premiums a little more affordable for people close to the poverty line. poor americans who work would not have to pay anything.

for the first time, people who who maybe owned their own business and by their own insurance, who were not eligible for subsidies before can get some financial help, too. that extra help, that wraparound help is what is set to expire unless congress removes it, but there still will be some financial support that has been there as part of the affordable care act. >> are there still big holes left a patch? >> there are big holes. democrats in congress were trying to patch these other big holes as part of their big build back better legislation that seems to be stalled, but i would say there are two big groups of people being left out and about 12 states led by republicans for the most part. there are people not eligible for medicaid coverage because their states chose not to expand medicaid. that was optional under obamacare, and most states have done it, but not all, and i think this other group is these people who technically can get insurance through the obamacare market places, but they have

just found it to be unaffordable. insurance can be really expensive, so these wraparound subsidies were to help them. >> we have just marked 12 years since the passage of this massive health reform law. did it do what it said it would do? >> i think it did a lot of what it said it would do. there's no doubt it has expanded insurance coverage across the country to millions of americans who did not have the ability to get insurance before. it has also changed the nature. if you have an employer plan, you don't have to worry about an annual cap. i do think this is a large lot law that has had a large impact, and in many ways, it has become so built-in to the way we think about our american health care system, i often talk to students, and they don't even believe there was a time you

could not get insurance when you had a pre-existing health condition. there are millions more who have insurance but still struggle to pay their medical bills when they get sick. their health insurance may not be as comprehensive as they would like it to be. >> thanks so much for joining us. margo sanger katz of "the new york times." >> thank you. judy: around the world, conflicts, wars, and other geopolitical crises have left millions of people without a country. they are called the stateless. their plight is finally being recognized by the biden administration. stephanie: he has never had a vacation. every day, he drives a few miles from his apartment in prince

georges county, maryland to the multiple gas stations that he manages, often working 12-hour days. >> this is actually my second home. stephanie the 48-year-old lives : alone, worried about starting a relationship. >> i don't want to add any bag, my bag. >> your baggage? >> yeah, i would love to be in a relationship. i'm kind of scared, though, to share my story. stephanie: his story begins in ethiopia. the son of an ethiopian mother and an eritrean father. in 1998, the neighboring countries went to war, and his father was imprisoned, then deported to eritrea. he, his siblings, and his mother stayed in ethiopia. he was 24 at the time. you were also detained at some point by the ethiopian government? >> yes.

stephanie on what grounds? : >> because of my eritrean ethnicity. they just tortured me. here are the scars, and here. stephanie: his mother encouraged him to flee the country for the u.s. >> when i went there to the immigration office, they confiscated my passport. stephanie but your passport was : ethiopian, but because you were ethnically eritrean through your father, they confiscated your ethiopian passport? >> yes. stephanie that was the moment he : became stateless. statelessness may be hard to grasp for many u.s. citizens because the united states constitution guarantees citizenship for anyone born here. that's not the ce in a lot of other countries. the united nations defines stateless people as individuals who do not have the recognition or protection of a country. geopolitical events can cause

statelessness, as can the dissolution of a government like the soviet union. that's how karina became stateless. she was a victim of the last political upheaval in eastern europe. >> my dad is armenian, my mom is crimean. my parents are both born in the soviet union. my dad was a descendant of armenian genocide survivors that migrated there, but my mom grew up ukrainian. she was born in odessa. she had two parents that also survived. there's a lot of remnants of survival and lack of nationality, lack of protection. >> she says her parents experienced discrimination in the soviet union. >> my dad had a hard time living in ukraine with us. he was assaulted many times. stephanie for being armenian? : >> yes.

my parents were scared for me as a four-year-old with an armenian name. it was not safe for us. they were scared. they were like, we need to get out. stephanie they went to canada in : 1992 where they live for four years but were denied legal status. during that time, the soviet union collapsed. when she was eight, they came to the u.s., but immigration authorities denied them asylum status and issuean order of removal when she was3. >> i remember we were also given advice to go to the craney and -- the ukrainian embassy to retrieve travel documents. i remember being told sorry, we don't recognize you as a citizen. stephanie: by the ukrainian embassy? >> by the ukrainian embassy. the word stateless was never presented to us. >> even if they had wanted to, she and her parents had no way to self deport. they were citizens of nowhere. joe and kelsey with the united

nations -- joanne kelsey with the united nations refugee agency says stateless people face significant barriers within daily life. >> in the united states specifically, and a lot of stateless people do not have an identity, a document that shs who they are. some peoe have a passport, but -- some people have an expired passport, but some people have nothing. it is difficult to get services if you don't have legal documentation. some of the stateless people i have met have and separated from their families and loved ones for decades. employment is very difficult. some of the stateless people i have met have been separated -- homeless or near homeless. stephanie in the u.s., estimates : are in the low hundreds of thousands. it is difficult to pinpoint the number of stateless people living in the united states. late last year, the department of homeland security announced a commitment to defining statelessness that could lead to more protections. the secretary of homeland security addressed what

stateless people could expect under the biden administration. will this policy change mean that stateless people can obtain government-issued id's or travel documents or authorization to work legally in this country? >> what we are going to be studying as we define statelessness, explore the law to determine what benefits stateless people might be entitled to, it is our desire to bring stability and humanity to their experience here in the united states, but i will tell you that we are going to move with the urgency that the vulnerabilities warrant, so it is our goal to define statelessness and to really map out what will be available to them and our ability to deliver on that this year, this fiscal year. stephanie he feels that

: vulnerability every time he drives. maryland allows undocumented immigrants to obtain a limited driver's license. you have been living here for more than a decade. does this feel like home? >> yeah. this is home, this is safer, but i'm always careful. you know, i don't drive fast, and i don't have any tickets. i don't arrive late. stephanie: he is worried about any run in with police that could lead to losing his license or worse, detention. you're working really hard. you go to church. you are doing all the things a good citizen would do, but you have no citizenship? >> we always try to maintain normal things. what americans are asking, go to work, pay tax, be a good citizen. no criminal, nothing, and we go back, we pay tax and everything but at the end of the day, we , don't get anything back. stephanie: karina was able to

gain daca status eight years ago, but even though she and her american husband have been married nearly 10 years, she still has no pathway to citizenship, nor do her aging parents who have never gone back to their homeland. >> not being a citizen of any country in the world limits you for your access to human rights. without having a country that recognizes me, i don't have any laws that protect me. there's no embassy i can go to. i don't have access to travel documents. i don't have a passport. stephanie: which means you cannot leave the u.s.? >> i cannot leave the u.s., i can't -- yeah. stephanie you have not been able : to leave the u.s. since you were eight years old? >> yeah. this affects the majority of stateless people. there's a lot of mourning things that you could have had, of things you could have been.

stephanie: they have very different backgrounds but now a shared mission. they started an advocacy organization pushing congress to pass legislation to permanently protect the stateless, their only hope for legal status in this country. judy: in case you were doing something else last night, there was quite a college basketball game played in new orleans. the kansas jayhawks defeated the north carolina tar heels after trailing by 16 points in the first half. it was the biggest comeback in a national championship in men's college basketball history and in fact, this was a tournament with many historic moments, including the final game this ekend for duke's coach k, mike krzyzewski. author and sports writer john feinstein is with me here now to talk about it all.

we are so glad to have you. here to talk about all of this. this outcome last night was not what you would have predicted looking at that first half. >> no, absolutely not. it is funny because bill self, who won the national championship coaching kansas in 2008, made a comment after the game with he asked his players at halftime, what's harder, coming back from nine points down with 2:12 to go or 50 with 20 minutes to go? when they won the championship last in 2008, they were down nine with 2:12 left to go. in today's college basketball with the 30-second clock and the three-point shot, a 15-point lead is not what it used to be. with nine minutes to go, kansas was actually up six and then carolina rallied. judy: what happened? >> they started getting the ball inside more. they took advantage of their size and the fact that carolina's big man had been

a turned ankle from the duke game and was not quite 100%, although he played well. they started making some shots. north carolina could not make a three all night. they were five for 27. kansas was not that much better, but they were six for 17 and ultimately won by three points. judy: they had a lot to celebrate. at the same time, they are basking in the glow of this huge win, but there's also this cloud hanging out there because they have been charged with so-called level 1 violations. remind us what all that is about. >> it goes back to the fbi investigation of college basketball in 2017. a number of teams were cited in that investigation, and the ncaa, as usual, has taken forever to try to adjudicate most of these cases. they just a month ago sent lsu a notice of allegations, and the coach there was fired. now, kansas has received a notice of allegations of serious charges -- not like giving kids t-shirts.

more significant stuff than that, and the president of the ncaa said last week they should have a decision on the case before next season starts. honestly, i will believe it when i see it. judy: why does it take so long? >> some of it is because they don't have subpoena power so it is harder to get people to sit down and talk with them. they cannot charge them with any crime if they lie to them, but also because the ncaa is a bureaucracy and bureaucracies move very slowly, as you know. judy: you mentioned another team that was part of this tournament, duke, and they were out of it after saturday night, losing to you and see. -- to unc. we are talking about a lot of

history. coach mike krzyzewski after 47 -- is it 47? it is hard to even comprehend he has been coaching for that long. >> i'm so old i saw him play for army in the late 1960's. his record is, to me, the second most extraordinary in the history of college basketball behind only john wooden. won five titles, went to 13 final fours, won 30 games. 20 is considered a benchmark. won 30 or more games 16 times. the numbers are just ridiculous. he is someone i have known well, and he is a better person than he is a coach. i know there are people who will pull their hair out when i say that, but i do know him. those people do not. judy: that is saying something. he has an incredible record. >> that's my point. it was bittersweet because they made the final four, which is always an achievemen but they lost to his arch rival in his last game, and they deserved to win the game.

they made the plays down the stretch. judy: what makes his legacy? >> i think it is everything. there's a lot of things he does not talk about public, things he has done for people. my brother had cancer 20 years ago and he is fine, but mike krzyzewski picked up a phone and called him to cheer him up right after his surgery. my brother said to him, you need to play casey sanders more because he is a typical fan. mike said, i'll give that some thought. duke won the championship that year and he did play casey sanders more later in the season and bobby still takes credit for that national title, but that's the kind of thing he does all the time. to me, his legacy is more as a human being than as a coach, and his legacy as a coach is remarkable. judy: is the game different, changed now because he's moved on? >> it will be different not only

because he has moved on but roy lliams has retired and so many of the great coaches are retired or retiring and we will never see anybody coach at a major school for 42 years again. you cannot do it. it is too draining. judy: that's what i want to ask you, will we see another coach go that many? >> no, i don't believe we will. you see that even coaches who are successful move on. tom izzo, who is a great coach at michigan state, who h been there since 1995, talks all the time about the chaos that is college basketball now is wearing him out. you have to re-recruit your whole team every year because of the transfer portal and the one done rule. judy: as an alum of duke university, a lot of us are really proud of mike krzyzewski. >> and you should be.

judy thanks very much. : >> thanks for having me, judy. always a pleasure. judy: time is a mother is ocean vuong's second collection of poems as he searches for meaning among the aftershocks of his mother's death. he shares his take on reclaiming our language's joy. it is part of our arts and culture series. >> when my mother passed in 2019, my whole life kind of contracted into two days. what i mean by that is that when a loved one dies, you experience your life in just two days -- today, when they are no longer here, and yesterday, the immense, vast yesterday when they were here.

my life as i see it now is demarcated by one line, the yesterday when my mother was with me and now when she is not. i thk you realize that when you lose your mother, no matter how old you are, you are suddenly a child. you feel like an orphan. so i went back to the blank page, which is the only safe space for me. the only space i have control over, and i guess i learned that by just putting one word after another. the beauty is that we are all going to lose our parents, and in this sense, death is the truest thing we have because it is the one thi that we are all heading towards, and when language can lift the veil, we can see each other. my mother never really understood my vocation and my work. she could not. -- she could not read. it perplexed her. why would all these folks come to hear your sad poems, you know? but when she came to my readings, she started to see how

my language landed in other people's bodies. after a while, she started to position her seat to look at the audience, and she came to me one day and said, i get it. people's faces change when they are listening to your lectures, two words. my mother taught me that you can look at something and people and scenarios endlessly and still find something new. just because you have seen it does not mean that y have known it, so the vocation of the artist is to look at somhing with the faith that whateverou are seeing will keep giving meaning to you, and i think that patient looking was what she really gifted me, and it has to do with her sense of wonder. we think of terms like refugee, emigrant war, survivor, and we

rarely think of wonder and awe. i think when it comes to families and being raised by folks who are survivors, they keep wonder and awe closest to their chests, and i learned so much from my mother's joy in response to the world and the life she lived, and i think that informs my artistic practice. my name is ocean vuong, and this is my brief but spectacular take on reclaiming language to center wonder and joy. judy: so moving, and on our website, you can see our 2016 interview with ocean vuong when he released his debut volume of poetry, night sky with exit wounds. it pays tribute to his family's oral tradition and connection to the vietnam war. all that and more is at pbs. org/newshour. that is "the newshour" for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. thank you, please stay safe and we will see you soon. >> major funding for "the pbs

newshour" has been provided by -- >> architect. gatekeeper. mentor. your raymondjames financial advisor taylor's -- tailors advice to help you live your life. life well planned. >> carnegie corporation of new york, supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security at carnegie. work. cash carnegie.org -- at carnegie.org. the target foundation, committed to advancing racial equity and committing the change required to shift systems and accelerate equitable opportunity. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. this program was made possible by the corporation for public

broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ this is "pbs newshour west," from w eta studios washington and from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.] ♪

>> jamie: people everywhere are finally coming back together. so it's time to celebrate some of the love, friendships, and amazing moments that we've all missed out on. and what better way to show people that you care than to bring them around a table for some delicious food? so i've created easy-to-follow menus that will turn incredible dishes into epic feasts. >> life is about memories. and today we made a memory, >> jamie: and to make the most of the precious time with those that we love, it's all about getting ahead. i want to prepare a meal which is nearly all done, so when my friends and family get here, i can be spending more time with them. cheers, everybody! >> cheers! these are impressive menus made easy because i'll take you through them step by step, making them for my family and friends, so you can make them for yours. this is saying, "i love you," through food.