♪ judy: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the "newshour" tonight, a mmunity in mourning. the president grievewith families of those killed in the mass shooting in buffalo, calling out the attack as terrorism inspired by the poison of white surpremacy. then, a critical moment. ukrainian fighters leave a steel plant that was theast holdout in mariupol, ceding control of that strategic port city to the russians. and, the space between us. russia's invasion of ukraine threatens its decades-long partnership with nasa, and the future of the international space station. >> our teams are still talking together. we're still doing training together. we're still working together. it would be a sad day for international operations if we

can't continue to peacefully operate in space. tonight's "pbs newshour." ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> for 25 years, consumer cellular has offered no contract wireless plans to help people do more of what they like. our customer service team can help find a plan that fits you. is it consumer cellular.tv. >> the john s and james all foundation, fostering informed and engaged communities. >> and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions.

♪ >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. judy: president biden offered both consolation and a call to reject racism, extremism, and white supremacy during a visit to buffalo, new york, today. the president delivered his remarks less than 72 hours after police say a white supremacist shot 13 people, killing ten of them, in an attack on black americans in the city. special correspondent cat wise reports from buffalo. cat: today, president biden and the first lady, hand in hand,

paid their respects at the makeshift memorial outside of tops supermarket, then met privately with families of the 10 victims killed during a racist rampage at the site in an eastern neighborhood of buffalo, new york. the president condemned the gunman for his targeted pursuit of black people in the store. >> what happened here is simple and straightforward terrorism. domestic terrorism. violence inflicted in the service of hate. white supremy is a poison. cat: receiving calls for stronger federal regulation of guns, the president said there's little that can be done by executive action. but he did call out the spread of racist ideology online as a motivation for such attacks. >> the internet has radicalized angry, alienated, lost, and isolated individuals into falsely believing that they will be replaced -- that's the word, replaced -- by the other. cat: biden was referring to a false idea known as "replacement theory." today, senate minority leader mitch mcconnell was asked to

speak out against that idea, and declined. >> certainly, this horrible episode in buffalo is a result of a completely deranged young man who ought to suffer severe as possible penalty under the law. cat: meanwhile, back in buffalo, there were new details about the accused guman and the alleged plot leading up to the massacre ies sdiy.scoveredur on thdae platform discord indicate he had planned as early as november to livestream an attack on african americans. he also traveled from his hometown, over 200 miles away, in march to scope out the tops store. >> you're gonna see a lot of ptsd, a lot of trauma. cat: dr. kenyani davis, chief medical officer of the community health center of buffalo, spent yesterday providing mental health counseling and support to employees of tops, many of whom told her they'd interacted with the alleged gunman on previous days.

>> he came in prior, and and told them, it was the day before, that he was going to he was going to come back and kill him. and the employee said, "oh, okay." people have guilt. not only do they have survivor's guilt, but they ha remorse, because he's like, "i checked him out. i had a conversation with him. i talked to him, you know, days prior." cat: this morning, she was still processing what she heard. >> my first gentleman that i counseled, when he recounted being in a freezer and hearing the shots come through. and when the police escorted him out, and he had to walk over bodies, he literally described everybody, what they were wearing, who it was. and so he can never unsee that. don't think i can un-hear that, you know. cat: for some residents, the crime scene has become a place to grieve and reflect. 61-year-old eric watts brought two of his grandsons. as they looked on, he shared

advice no child should have to hear. >> you gotta be aware of your surroundings. keep your eyes open. be vigilant. cat: watts, who learned monday nit that one of his relatives was killed in the shooting, grew up in the neighborhood. now, he and his wife, betty, are raising five of their grandchildren in a house just minutes away from the tops supermarket. you brought some of your grandchildren there today. >> yes. cat: what were you trying to have them see there? >> racism is still here after all these years. i was trying to convey to them to be careful wherever you go. cat: do you worry about their safety? >> i do. every day they leave home, i worry about their safety. i keep my kids around me. i go to the grocery store, i take them with me now. cat: that must be hard. >> it is. why do you have to live like that? why do we have to live like that now? cat: watts and some in the community are upset at the way the alleged gunman was treated during his arrest. >> how many of our

african-americans are getting killed in the streets for just holding a gun? how many of our african-americans are getting killed in the streets by the police for not complying? this white guy killed ten people, allegedly killed ten people, and had a chance to walk out the store. cat: watts was living in south carolina in 2015 when a gunman opened fire at a black church in charleston, killing nine. >> to see that happen in south carolina, and then happened here saturday, it brought back memories.itugacchorththatverfil. this one hurts more, because -- it hurts more because it's home. cat:ut that home is one of the most segregated places in america. about 85% of buffalo's black residents live on the east side, where the tops supermarket opened in 2003 after a long community-led campaign. the area has experienced decades

of systemic racism, from discriminatory housing practices to the construction of a highway that split it in half. now, its poverty rate is far higher than the rest of the city, and researchers say key measures of income, education, and health are even worse than they were 30 years ago. dr. kenyani davis says the shooting was the ultimate injustice for a community that's had more than its share. >> this individual, from three or 4 hours away, who doesn't even live in our community, knows that we have these injustices, know that we had these structural racism, know that we had these issues, and felt comfortable enough knowing that, this is where i was going to be able to target the most black people. that lets you know how bad these issues really are, when it's not just a local thing. cat: but in the days since the massacre, buffalo residents have also shown their resilience and unity, launching a number of food drives for those impacted

by the supermarket's closure. people like lifelong east side resident, latasha pouncey. come together for a tragedy like this, for people to come, you know, to help the community. but it's nice to see that people are coming together. cat: residents we've spoken to over the past couple days say they want to see action, not just words, from the president, on gun violence, teats from white supremacy, and racial inequality more broadly. for the pbs newshour, i'm cat wise in buffalo, new york ♪ stephanie: i'm stephanie sy with newshour west. we'll return to the full show after the latest headlines. the u.s. food and drug administration authorized pfizer's low-dose covid booster shot for children 5 to 11 years old. the cdc's recommendation on the shot could come later this week. and overseas, china restricted

more beijing residents to their homes to help control a small outbreak. that, in turn, sparked new frustration from locals. >> every day there's uncertainty, because you don't know if you're going to be quarantined at home or segregated in an office area. every day also requires a nucleic acid test to be done. in fact, i still feel that this policy is indeed a bit too much. but i also have to respect this policy. stephanie: meanwhile, shanghai has reported 3 straight days of no new cases outside quarantined neighborhoods. that could finally lead to lifting lockdowns that have lasted more than 6 weeks. the number of u.s. highway deaths shot up last year, after the national highway traffic safety administration reports nearly 43,000 people were killed on the roads, nearly 120 every day of the year. that was 10% higher than in 2020, and the most since 2004. in ukraine, the last resistance to russia's invading army appeared to crumble in the southern city of mariupol.

ukrainian officials said their remaining fighters were abandoning a ruined steel plant there. that would give russia a major victory, a key port, and a land bridge to crimea, which moscow seized in 2014. we'll focus on this in detail after the news summary. final election results in lebanon show hezbollah shiite militants, backed by iran, have lost their majority in parliament. sunday's vote came amid the country's economic collapse and political deadlock. as results were being tallied, supporters carried one opposition candidate throu the streets in a victory procession. >> this is a national celebration, par excellence. after two-and-a-half years of directly facing off in the streets against a government of injustice, finally, 've begun the journey to change in lebanon. this is a national celebration. stephanie: hezbollah's most vocal christian party opponents were among the biggest winners in the voting. back in this country, in a first of its kind lawsuit, two

democratic presidential electors in wisconsin are suing the state's republican electors over the 2020 vote. the republicans tried to cast electoral ballots for then-president trump, even though joe biden carried the state. the lawsuit seeks future restrictions on the republicans, and up to $2.4 million in damages. for the first time in half a century, the u.s. congress has held a hearing on unidentified flying objects, or ufo's. a government report last year cited more than 140 unexplained incidents since 2004. at a house hearing today, pentagon officials said they have no evidence of anything like space aliens, but they insisted they're open to any explanation. >> our goal is not to potentially cover up something if we were to find something. it's to understand what may be out there, then to work with organizations as apppriate, if it's a weather phenomenology with noaa, if it's potential for extraterrestrial life or

indication of extraterrestrial life with someone like nasa. stephanie: lawmakers from both parties said there's a potential national security concern if chinese or russian technology is involved. billionaire elon musk warned today that his deal to buy twitter can't happen unless there's proof that fake and spam accounts comprise less than 5% of users. musk said he believes the real figure is at least 20%. the tesla founder offered $44 billion for twitter last month, but he put that on hold last week. the head of the federal reserve, jerome powell, reaffirmed today that the central bank will keep raising interest rates until inflation declines. he also said that if need be, policymakers will consider moving more aggressively. the fed already raised short-term rates by 3 quarters of a percentage point this year. still to come on the newshour, the united states grapples with the impact of the pandemic as we pass the grim milestone of one million deaths. our student reporting labs reflect on how seeing negative

stereotypes of asian americans in media can affect mental health. we remember the victims of the racially-motivated mass shooting in buffalo. and much more. ♪ >> this is the pbs newshour from wbt a studios in washington and in the west, from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. stephanie: voters cast ballots today foprimary races in key states across the country, and observers are keeping a close eye on how endorsements by former president donald trump help or harm candidates in these hotly contested races. to break it all down, i'm joined by our political correspondent, lisa desjardins. lisa, good to see you. primary races in north carolina, pennsylvania, kentucky, oregon, and idaho today, and results are starting to come in. polls have closed in some of the states. let's start with results out of north carolina. lisa: that's right.

this is crossing the starting line for the whole season. north carolina results for the senate race, on the republican side the winner of the primary according to the associated press projections is representative ted budd. he was endorsed by donald trump in a hotly contested race for the republican primary. on the democratic side, it will be sherry beasley. according to associated press projections. she is the former chief justice of the north carolina supreme court. we are watching the race for representative madison cawthorn, the met -- the representative who has been in the paper recently for infamous speeding tickets, carrying a gun on a plane, allegedly. we are seeing if those controversies affect him. we will see if that is a close race. stephanie: in pennsylvania,

there are two races getting national attention, including a key open senate seat that could affect the power balance in the senate. there was a medical scare. what are the results? lisa: pennsylvania, these races i think we will have a long night, may be a long couple days. one note is, there were some ballots that had some errors in processing so there could be a delay because of that. to review, the republican senate race has some big names including dr. oz, the former television health program or. he is on the ballot with david mccormick, former businessman, hedge fund manager, and kathy barnett, who has bee surging in recent times. all three of these people are meeting in different count -- are leading in different counties so this will be a race to watch. we will have to see.

on the democratic side, we have a result. the democrats have chosen their candidate. that will be lieutenant governor john federman. he is -- john fetterman. he shares many beliefs with bernie sanders and has his own political style. he will en beth in this important senate race. we are watching the gubernatorial race in pennsylvania. three conservatives running on the republican side. all three say they would like to have a total or near bn on abortion in the state. we will be watching that race closely. stephanie: lieutenant governor had a heart problem, a pacemaker put in as well as got the nomination today. lisa: that is correct. fetterman's campaign said he suffered a mild stroke. he spent today in the hospital and there was a procedure done to install a pacemaker to adjust

the underlying cause. it has a defibrillator with that so we will be watching closely how he does on the campaign trail. stephanie: i want to ask about the ray southwest. there are a couple key races in oregon for the democrats. lisa: there are great races out west. in idaho, the republican lieutenant governor is running against the republican governor in the primary for the governor's mansion. we will be watching that tonight. in oregon on, among the races there, the race for the fifth congressional district where we have a current incumbent, democratic member of congress, endorsed by president biden who is running against someone from the left and more progressive side, trying to see will the voters in oregon to the park -- choose the progressive over the incumbent? stephanie: folks in both parties will be parsing the results in the hours and days to come.

thanks, lisa. ♪ judy: the battle for the city of mariupol appears to be over, after hundreds of ukrainian soldiers surrendered from their final holdout. the city has suffered one of europe's bloodiest battles since world war ii. and now, russia appears to hold the entire ukrainian port, its largest gain of the war. nick schifrin has the story. nick: ukrainian soldiers, wounded but alive, and in the custody of their enemy. russian tv showed its version of what appears to be the beginning of the end of the siege of mariupol. a lonely procession of the wounded, some of the final ukrainian holdouts from the azovstal steel plant, what russia today called a mass surrender. ukraine admits more an 260 soldiers are being bussed to russian-controlled territory in ukraine. some today arriv in

separatist-controlled olenivka, on the site of a former penal colony known for torture and squalid conditions. they held out for nearly 3 months, living and fighting from tunnels designed to withstand nuclear attacks. many of them in the azov regiment, born from a right-wing militia, now integrated into the ukrainian military. their resistance prevented russia from consolidating its gains, and today ukrainian officials called them heroes. >> mariupol drew in the russian federation's forces for 82 days. their operation to seize the east and south was held up. it changed the course of the war. nick: an unknown number of ukrainian soldiers remain in the plant, but ukraine today said their mission is no longer to fight. today in kyiv, those soldiers' families begged for their release, even into russian custody. >> they are trying everything to get them out. we try ourselves to help them in any way possible. >> they eat once a day.

we hope for extraction. this is what we're fighting for. i don't see another way out. nick: the city of mariupol is a city in ruins. ukrainian officials estimate a brutal 10-week siege killed 20,000 civilians and destroyed 90% of the city. the who warns, it could now face outbreaks of cholera. the only videos of the city today, heavily curated by pro-russian separatist occupiers. ukraine says residents are forced to work in exchange for food. but russia's control of the city appears to complete its objectives in southeast ukraine. before the invasion, russian separatists controlled territory up to a dozen miles east of mariupol. today, russian forces have seized a 500-me strip along the southern coast, giving russia a land bridge to crimea, annexed in 2014. >> this gives russia a corridor of land over which it can resuly and access crimea, its forces in crimea, its people in crimea.

nick: kevin ryan is a retired u.s. army brigadier general who served as a defense attache in russia, and is now senior fellow at the harvard kennedy school's belfer center. what's the significance of russia being able to claim that it has seized all of mariupol, including the plant? >> domestically, for putin, this is important for himself politically to be able to show that he has achieved a victory. once the forces that are engaged and taking mariupol are finished with their mission, those russian forces can be directed elsewhere. they could go to the southwest and present a threat to odessa. or they could be used to to move up into the eastern part of ukraine and help completely occupy the donbas region. nick: in the donbas, russian shells continue to devastate residential neighborhoods, like in bakhmut today. the top of an apartment complex, ripped off and gutted. among the wounded, a little boy,

whom first responders fought to save. ukrainian soldiers are fighting back with recently arrived american howitzers. ukrainian officials say these weapons will allow them to launch counterattacks, but it's not easy to evict russian forces from territory they occupied. >> the size of the ukrainian military versus the size of the russian military just simply doesn't seem to suggest that they could kick the russian forces out of the land that russia already occupies.e're -- nick: and that includes mario paul. for the pbs newshour, i'm nick schifrin. ♪ judy: as so many have said, it's impossible to fully convey the staggering toll of this covid pandemic.

the statistical comparisons have certainly been the deaths in the u.s. are roughlyqual to losing as many people each day as we lost in the attacks of september 11, 2001, but for almost an entire year. it's also roughly equal to losing the entire populations of boston and pittsburgh. but numbers describe just one part of this. and each life touches so many other lives. ed yong of the atlantic has been writing about this for more than two years and he joins us again tonight. welcome back to the newshour. one of the things you write about is how different mourning these deaths is from other deaths. you speak at one point about, covid kicked off so many risk factors. what is that a reference to? >> the grief of many of the people who i have spoken to is

incredibly prolonged and it is what is called disenfranchised grief, and loss society doesn't really seem to validate. many of the people i spoke to who to covid, and thneere ares lo 9 milstliond the country, never got to have the rituals that allow us to mourn our loved ones due to covid loss. instead, they faced insensive and judgmental questions. were they ol loved one at covid? were they vaccinated? all of these factors have pushed their grief below the surface to where they can't deal with it. they haven't been able to live their normal lives, and at this moment, when so many countries decided to go back to normal, it

is as if this grief that has been placed into a time capsule has been released. so many people are sorrowful all over again. judy: there is so much to ask about. you write about how this mourning has been different for different groups of people, for the elderly, for those disabilities. >> the one million deaths that have been reported haven't fallen across the country randomly. they have been concentrated among elderly people, sick and immunocompromised people, black and brown people, low income people. that has contributed to i think our normalization of those deaths. these groups are already marginalized before the pandemic happened, and they continued to be marginalized in death. those of us in the media and

political decision-makers disproportionately don't fall into those groups. they had early and easy access to vaccines and lifesaving measures. they decided the pandemic was over without really grappling with the massive costs these groups face. >> did you see a difference in the reaction to mourning those we lost before we had a vaccine, or those who had been vaccinated but still succumbed, as opposed to those who made the decision not to get vaccinated? >> absolutely. if you talk to people who lost loved ones since the vaccine came out, one of the most immediate questions they get is, were they vaccinated? they will get that before, i'm sorry for your loss. just basic, decent acts of

compassion. that question about wheer they are vaccinated cast judgment upon the death, forces them to justify the loss of their loved one and their grief. in many cases, these are people who didn't have access to vaccines who still continue not to have access, despite them being readily available. there is also people who lost loved ones who bought into covid misinformation. does that warrant a death sentence? should you not be allowed to grieve someone who you lost? the person is still dead. that person still leaves behind people who are broken and who are mourning and deserve the space and grace to cope with their grief. judy: questions we are all struggling with. one of the other points you make

is, in talking to all of these people who have lost a loved one to covid, it is your observation that the so-called stages of grief are not what many people have come to believe they are, that there are five stages of grief and they follow one after another. >> that's not how grief works. there aren't discrete stages. they don't go in an orderly pattern. they don't always end in acceptance, the idea of grief leading to some kind of closure. that is a myth. and an unhelpful one. many people who lost loved ones to cid have gone through multiple cycles of these emotions. they don't progress in ways society thinks they should. they certainly don't get over it quickly. another myth we have is that

time heals everything. time itself feels nothing. time just gis you the opportunity, the chances to learn ways of coping with the grief. the pandemic denied those chances because of the lack of sympathy, the fact that the thing that killed their loved ones is on the news all the time. that is not a recipe for learning how to deal with grief. it is a recipe for that grief fester and stagnate, which is what we see now. that is why things like memorials, acts of national recognition will be so important for those 9 million plus people who lost loved ones. judy: and the memorials will keep coming. the pandemic is still very much with us. ed young, thank you very much. ♪

judy: boeing is set for a test launch of its small spacecraft headed to the international space station on thursday, part of its efforts to increase manned space launches from u.s. soil. the space station has long been an international collaboration and russia and the united states have long been partners. but the invasion of ukraine has led to new tensions and questions about the future. miles o'brien has our report about the rhetoric versus the reality. >> morthan two months since russia launched its war against ukraine, and it seems like business as usual aboard the international space station, despite the turmoil 250 miles below. >> first through the hatch i denis matveyev. >> the coming and going rituals of hugs, smiles, and ceremony are intact. russian cosmonaut anton

shkaplerov handed over command to nasa astronaut tom marshburn at the end of march, with some poignant words. >> people have problem on earth, but in orbit, we are one crew. and i think iss is like symbol of the friendship and cooperations. >> the camaraderie between.s. and russian spacefarers is more than lip service. >> you know, when you're on the space station, it's like, there is earth with all the other humans and we're here and this is our world right now. >> former nasa astronaut scott kelly was twice a commander of the space station, logging nearly a year on board during his last stint in 2015 and 2016. >> and what's important to us is not necessarily what's important to those people down there because we're kind of relying on each other for emotional and psychological support, help and friendship, literally our lives.

>> but the head of the russian space agency, roscosmos, is on another kind of mission. dimitry rogozin, a prominent nationalist, is using social media to deliver a series of menacing, even nuclear, threats aimed at his western partners in the international space station. in early march, he tweeted a video of workers covering up partner flags on a soyuz rocket, writing, "the rocket would look more beautiful." scott kelly fired back on his twitter feed, "your space program won't be worth a damn," he wrote. "maybe you can find a job at mcdonald's if mcdonald's still exists in russia." >> the reason i did it in the way i did it is because i wanted to get his attention and it worked. >> and then he fires back pretty quickly. >> yeah, he called me a moron.

he said if the space station is deorbited or something, or if the program is canceled, it's going to be my fault. >> a few days later, rogozin orchestrated the release of a spoof video depicting cosmonauts closing the hatch to the russian modules, and drifting away from the station, leaving us astronaut mark vande hei behind, home alone. and rogozin has repeatedly threatened to pull out of the space station because of western sanctions aimed at russia. but nasa leaders are not taking the bait. kathy lueders is the associate administrator in charge of human spaceflight. >> our flight controllers are still talking together. our teams are still talking together. we're still doing training together. we're still working together. it would be a sad day for international operations if we can't continue to peacefully operate in space. >> the u.s., russia, canada, europe and japan have been doing that for the better part of

thirty years. it was an ironic twist for cold war space race adversaries. but in the early 1990s, congress was balking at the cost of what was then called "space station freedom." and the clinton administration wanted to keep russian rocket scientists employed for fear they might sell their services to the likes of north korea. >> it was essentially a merger between two human spaceflight programs in two countries. >> anatoly zak is publisher and editor of russianspaceweb.com. after the u.s. won the race to put humans on the moon, the russians focused on long duration missions on a series of space stations, culminating with the mir. >> russian space program was looking down black hole, complete abyss, because there was no money to build the next space station after mir at that time. suddenly from nowhere, almost , these two very complex projects were kind of merged together in which russians benefited, far, far more than

nasa benefited from from that agreement. >> the international space station was designed in a manner that makes theartners interdependent. the russn modules have the crucial thrusters to maintain the station's desired altitude and attitude, and avoid collisions. while solar arrays on the u.s. side produce almost all the electricity. >> it would be risky for the life of the station. neither side would really be able to survive very well without the other. >> wayne hale is a former space shuttle program manager now on the nasa advisory council. the agency is working on contingency plans in case the russians hasti bow out, but it's complicated. >> it would be a real technological reach. but there are teams off studying how to keep it going right now. so it probably would not bode well. it would certainly put a challenge to the system, but it doesn't mean that we would end

our space station program, you know, immediately. >> a divorce may not be practical, even if truly desired. and so the partnership endures, to the chagrin of some. >> all kinds of sanctions have been applied by the united states and the western governments against russia. but the international space station just sails on. >> author homer hickam is a former nasa engineer and manager who heed negotiate the memorandum of understanding that guides the partnership. he says it's time to re-evaluate the arrangement, and pull the plug on the friendly photo ops. >> i just don't think it's good optics right now to show american astronauts and russian cosmonauts hugging and playing with their food and all that kind of thing, and really recommend that they avoid those types of optics. because after all, right now, the russian government is engaging in a hideous war against its neighbor ukraine, and killing men, women and children right before our eyes. >> up until now, the unlikely

partnership in space that met with so much skepticism at the outset, has succeeded beyond most expectations. leroy chiao was station commander in 2004 and 2005. >> it's pretty amazing even now looking back that, you know, all these countries who were world war two enemies, cold war enemies, i mean sworn to destroy each other, came together and built this most audacious space construction project ever tried. and it went off so well and it continues to operate so well. >> if we lose this, you know, our ability to work peace -- peacefully in space with the russians, you know, what do we have left that keeps us together? only bad things. and this is the one good thing we have left. >> the space station agreement expires in 2024. nasa is hoping to keep it in orbit until 2030. in less bombastic moments, dmitry rogozin says russia has made its decisioand will notify its partners a year in

advance. >> and lift off. >> so it appears this fraught partnership will fly on for now, high above the fray. for the pbs newshour, i'm miles o'brien. ♪ judy: as key republican primary elections are taking place across the country, a battle is underway within the gop about its beliefs and its future. amna nawaz has that. amna: the republican party has long been the political party of choice for conservatives, but as mathew continuity explains in his new book, the 100 year war for american conservatism, the gop has attracted those with populist views similar to what we see today. he joins us now.

the book takes a much longer view of conservatism. it starts in the 1920's, tracking the evolution of conservatism to today. why do you describe this as a war? >> a war is a way of describing really a struggle for dominance between two main groups. intellectual elites on one hand and the populist grassroots on the other. what i found in my 100 year study is that there have been times where these two groups have cooperated, but more often there have been times where they are in conflict. the conservative intellectuals, emwaenntted w aannoteder. usually when it comes to the question of who should be the leader of this movement and this pay. amna: we are in that struggle right now? >> of course. we have been going through this struggle since 12.

should the republican party be more nationalist or globalist and open to global engagement? certainly since 2015 and the rise of donald trump, the struggle has been tilted towards the populist side. amna: you write about how anti-communismas an early organizing principle. if you sent that was -- you were conservative, that was a part of your identity. that went away. if someone says i'm a conservative today, what does it mean? >> it could mean many things precisely because the anti-communism glue no longer exists. when i look at the right today, and i asked someone what does conservative mean? one unifying factor would be opposition to political correctness and the so-called woke ideology especially when it manifests in cultural institutions. that seems to be a binding commitment that many people on the right hold today. amna: what about the potential

overturning of roe v. wade? opposition to abortion has been a core organizing principle. it is a 50 year fight. conservatives could be winning. does that take away an organizing principle? >> i think it would vindicate those on the right to have said working through institutions could produce results. if roe v. wade is overturned by the end of the supreme court term, that would be a win for the establishment forces who could tell the populists, we took 50 years but we worked our way through the courts, through the judicial process, through organizations like the federalistociety and we finally came out with a win over turning roe v. wade. that would be a powerful tool for the more intellectual elite conservatives to use to reorient the movement more in their direction as opposed to the grassroots populist side. amna: it takes away a rallying cry, this is why we need to back

our candidates because of this fight. some of the other rallying cries we have seen getting ground often include dangerous and ugly messages that used to be on the fringes and are now finding their way into the mainstream, like white supremacist views. there have been no meaningful efforts by leadership to condemn these things. why not? >> it is important for the conservative movement to define the parameters of conservatism. for william f buckley junior, the leader of the postwar conservative movement, to say anti-semites can't be part of this, conspiracy theorists can't be part of conservatism, anarchists can't be part of conservatism, in the new era, in the social media era, gatekeepers like buckley no longer exist. it is incumbent on people to police their own institutions.

amna: we are not seeing gatekeeping even from leadership. right? >> there is a tribal thing that kicks in. where conservatives see the liberals in the media or in politics say one thing, they instantly want to be against it and there is a rally behind the opposing idea. you see that playing out now with discussions over culpability for this awful act in buffalo. amna: when you talk about the populist movement gaining ground, the largest conservative conference will be posted in hungary with victor or bond as the keynote speaker, an ally of vladimir putin. what does that say about the conservative center of gravity? does it alarm you? >> it does. it is important as an american conservative that we put the american and conservatism, that we have reference to the american founder, the ideals

that always worked out in practice of that founding, and to the political institutions embodied in the constitution, the rule of law and the free-market and civil society. when i see elements of the right look to european continental models of governance, i become concerned because there is an un-american-nested them and they look away from american traditions on politics. that is where i think the future of conservatism should lie with the u.s. amna: based on what you have seen right now these more extremist misinformation campaigns, you say in your book what a lot of conservatives won't say, that joe biden won the 2020 election. are you concerned conservative -- conservatism is being overtaken by extremism? >> there are some signs of hope. if we had had this conversation in may of 2014, neither of us would have said donald trump would be a republican nominee in

16 or the president. if we said that we would be very rich because we could win money. that tells me politics changes quickly. the new republican leader could reorient the movement in a more positive, forward-looking agenda drip -- driven direction. amna: the book is "the right: the 100 year war for american conservatism thank you for being here. ♪ judy: the month of may in the u.s. is dedicated among other things to asian american, pacific islander heritage and mental health awareness. two subjects that this teenage filmmaker from georgia knows well. faiza ashar is the host of our

mental health podcast and spoke to bonifacio about the toll that asian american stereotypes take on teen mental health and well being. faiza: hi, mabelen, great to talk with you today. i loved your video. so tell me more about what compelled you to make the video? mabelen: so basically the whole "nothing less" video was kind of based off of a different video that i also made. basically, the whole thing between the both of them was me trying to tell my own narrative. and so i found like film competitions, that prompted me and allowed me to tell that story that i wanted to tell. >> every movement has had its shine. the one that has been closest to me is the fight for respect by the asian american and pacific islander community. >> growing up in a predominantly white and hispanic latino community didn't give me a lot of opportunities to connect with my own culture. faizinkthu a: hyo d stereotypes within the aapi community or better known as the asian american pacific islander community, negatively impact our

community as a whole? mabelen: it definitely does impact people in a way that any stereotype would, and just getting diminished of your personality just because of like, who you are, and just being thought of as this one thing, the one really smart kid who's always good at math. like that was always something for me growing up. i would always feel like i could not do less than, because everyone was like, "oh she's the asian kid! she's gonna get straight a's! she's gonns get 100s!" faiza: so how has this like kind of diminishing or like boiling down your accomplishments as just an asian, how has this impacted your mental health? mabelen: i think it was like at the end of middle school, where it really hit the hardest, because it was that transition. and just the growth that like, people normally go through transitioning from middle school to high school, and just adding all of my identity onto that, because i felt like i didn't know who i was. and i was just living based off of the

expectations that like other students at my school had of me of like, what my parents thought of me what my sister thought of me faiza: wow, i'm getting emotional hearing this like, because i feel like this is something that is so common, especially in the asian community. and we often don't talk about it because there's such a stigma surrounding mental health. mabelen: sometimes the first step in people's lives is to like acknowledge the presence or existence of mental health issues. and sometimes all it takes to take that first step is to have a conversation with one of your friends or someone that you trust d be like, am i really okay? because sometimes you're not, and that's fine. and then you just need to work your way around it. and then like, growth isn't linear. so even if you're on that journey, if you go downhill at some point, it's ♪ot the end of the road.

judy: finally tonight, let's return to buffalo. ten people lost their lives there this weekend. we wanted to take a moment to reflect on how they lived their lives, and the legacies they leave. katherine massey was known for her advocacy. last year, when a family member of a state lawmaker was fatally shot, the 72 year old wrote a letter to the buffalo news calling for stricter gun control measures. a friend told reporters, "she would fight for anybody, without a doubt." ♪ judy: 55-year old aaron salter was a buffalo police officer for three decades. after retiring in 2018, he took up work as a security guard at tops friendly market. salter fired back at the shooter, and is credited with saving lives. president biden spoke yesterday about salter's

heroism. >> we pay tribute to all law enforcement officers and their families who understand what it takes, what's at risk to save and protect all of us. and that includes paying tribute to the buffalo police officer, aaron salter. judy: celestine chaney, a 65-year-old grandmother of six, went to tops supermarket to buy straerries. her sister, joann, went with her but survived. >> my sister survived breast cancer and three aneurysm surgeries to go to the grocery store to get killed. judy: andre mackneil, who was 53, was at tops to buy a birthday cake for his three year old son. his fiance wrote on facebook following the shooting, "today my baby was born, but today my soulmate was taken. how do i tell my son his daddy's not coming home? how do i as a

mother make it ok? someone please tell me because i really don't know. margus morrison recently worked as a bus aide for the buffalo public schools, and loved being around kids. the father and husband went to tops to buy snacks for a family movie night. his younger brother, frederick, told reporters, "it hurts me so much right now because i wasn't expecting to lose him." margus was 52. 86-year-old ruth whitfield stopped at tops supermarket after visiting her husband at his nursing home. her son, a former buffalo fire commissioner, remembering his mother. >> we are devastated. we're devastated. we're a very close family. we're very very close family and my mother was the glue that held us all together. judy: geraldine talley, 62, was a regular shopper at tops and an avid baker. her younger sister,

kaye, told reporters, "we had so many plans together, so many plans, and everything has just been stripped away from us." heyward patterson went to tops supermarket daily, offering rides to people for less money than ride-sharing services in the area. he was shot while helping someone load groceries into the trunk of a car. he was 67. 32-year-old roberta drury went to tops to buy groceries for dinner. her sister, amanda, described roberta as vibrant, and someone who "made the whole room smile and laugh." and pearl young, 77, was a proud grandmother of eight who volunteered for years every saturday at a food pantry run by her church. she had been working this spring as a high school substitute teacher. pearl's niece, jaqueline, reflected on

her on's legacy. >> she was a pearl, she was a gem. she was a precious jewel and it reflected her name. judy: our hearts, to everyone who lost a loved one in that terrible shooting. it is ■soimportant not just remember how they died, but how they lived their lives. that is the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us on-line and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, please stay safe and we'll see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> architect. beekeeper. mentor. a raymond james financial advisor taylor's advice to help you live your life. life well planned.

♪ >> carnegie corporation of new york, supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security, at carnegie.org. the target foundation, committed to would dancing racial act be and creating the change -- advancing rachel equity and creating -- racial equity and creating the change needed. and withthis program was made pe by the corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ >> this is the pbs newshour from w eta studios in washington and in the west, from the walter

cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. >> the pbs newshour, reporting questions to those in power. >> there aren't enough tests. is it time for a new approach? >> presiding insight -- providing insight. >> they renew their push for voting rights. >> focusing on underreported issues. >> these girls are missing. >> weeknights oyour pbs station and online. ♪

(classical music) - [narrator] culinary creativity doesn't always come from the kitchen.ha enn peesctthed p, laces,linary creatiune exoesn't always like silicon valley think tanks, suburban garages, and next gen fast casual canteens. in this episode of "lucky chow", we take a look into the future. we'll visit three pioneering women chefs in the pacific northwest, the founder of a game changing app that has revolutionized how restaurants hire staff, a hot shot new york chef bringing greater awareness to the diversity of chinese food, and robert wang, the inventor of the instant pot,