willam: good evening. i'm william bryan. judy woodruff is away. as funeral arrangements are made for the children killed at the uvalde school shooting come up president biden promises to push for new gun laws but warns his options are limited. then, russian troops advance on a key city in the donbass region. a look at that offensive and the role that open source technology has played in the role -- in the war. >> what we are seeing right now as the events unfold in ukraine is a bunch of new actors making your data available to decision-makers to understand situational awareness. willam: and the released of hacked chinese government files gives new insight into the mass detention of ethnic uighurs. all of that and more on

tonight's pbs newshour. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> it's the little things. the reminders of what's important. it is why fidelity dedicated advisors are here to help you create a wealth plan. a plan with tax sensitive investing strategies. planning focused on tomorrow while you focus on today. that is the planning effect from fidelity. >> the william and flora hewlett foundation. for more than 50 yea, advancing ideas and supporting institutions to promote a better

world at hewlett.org. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. willam: nearly a week has passed since the shooting in an elementary school in uvalde, texas, where 19 children and two teachers were murdered. funeral visitations began today for two of the children killed inside the classroom. funeral services are set to

begin tomorrow. when president biden visited the grieving community yesterday, demonstrators urged him to quote "do something." and today, the president spoke about the possibility of changing america's gun laws. pres. biden: i have been motivated all along. you know, the folks, the folks who were victimized and their family. they spent 3 hours and 40 minutes with me. they waited all that time some came 2 hours early. and the pain is palpable. and i think a lot of it's unnessary. so i'm going to continue to push and we will see how this works. willam: the justice department announced yesterday it will investigate how local law enforcement responded during that mass shooting at robb elementary school. the investigation comes as questions and frustrations continue to mount over why police took so long to confront

the killer. tony plohetski is an investigative reporter at the austin american-statesman. he spent the last week on the ground reporting in uvalde. tony, thank you for being back on the newshour. you spent a week there amidst this community that has obviously been upended by this tragedy. can you give us a sense of what you've heard from people? how are they coping with all of this? tony: based on the array of people i talked to, i think people are processing this differently depending on who they are. i can tell you with certainty that there was overwhelming shock tuesday in the immediate hours after this happened into wednesday. but as the week wore on and people were getting a confusing message from law enforcement, a confusing timeline, a lot of the shock really then turned to anger and of course sadness.

but then, when we learned the really wrenching the details about the law enforcement response later in the week, the anger was almost unfathomable for these people and the fact they were being put out by the top law enforcement officer in the state really compounded the tragedy in the minds of the people of uvalde. willam: i can only imagine the time when you are describing for the people who have followed this, for an excruciatingly long. of time, officers stood outside the room, having been ordered to do so because the since was there was not a threat upon which to move, which we now know there was. when that news came out, were you present with people as they started to hear this? the police were just outside that door for so long and perhaps could have saved more lives. tony: i was among hundreds of

reporters who had descended on to town. i can tell you that it almost took people's breath away, but of course, almost as soon as we receive that information, we went into the community to see how people were processing these new revelations and it wasn't very well. what you have to keep in mind, that during all of this, we have seen the social media videos of course and we have talked to people who were part of this, and that was as this was unfolding inside the halls of this school way and in the walls of that school, people were begging the police to please go in and do something, take action, do anything you can to preserve life. that simply was not happening. william: we understand from president biden's visit yesterday that while he was there and as he was leaving,

people were literally shouting at him to do something, ostensibly about gun control and trying to prevent any other city from going through this kind of tragedy. did you hear that as well from residents who do look to washington dc for some sense of action to be taken? tony: this was a very divided topic on the ground. i was talking to people and overhearing conversations on the town square that had been transformed into a memorial for the victims of this shooting. opinions range, frankly. there were many people who feel as though this was more of a problem of mental health or hardening schools, which we have heard some of our politicians here in texas talk about. but i also have to tell you that there were people who were truly

stunned, supporters of the second amendment, they told me, who were truly stunned at the reality that an 18-year-old man could possibly by ar-15's in their town as well as hundreds of rounds of ammunition and then take it to that school. but the ability to do that to them was quite striking and very alarming and upsetting. willam: i can only imagine how they must be recnizing as those facts continue to rollout. thank you so much again for beg with us. tony: thank you. willam: in the day's other news: president biden spent this memorial day honoring u.s. service members who have paid the ultimate sacrifice for this country. the president laid a wreath at the tomb of the unknown soldier at arlington national cemetery.

he was joined by vice president harris, defense secretary lloyd austin, and the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff,ark milley. at least 91 people have died from weekend floods in northeastern brazil. rescuers are still searching for more than two dozen others who are still missing. authorities said the deluge forced some 5-thousand residents to flee their homes. the region is still on high alert for landslides as rain continues to fall. the season's first hurricane in the eastern -- eastern pacific region barreled a stored -- a short today in southern mexico. it formed and made landfall as a strong category two hurricane. locals boarded up windows after the national hurricane center warned of "extremely dangerous storm surge and life-threatening wind." >> it was necessary to protect the most vulnerable parts, especially buildings with class.

now we are safeguarding everything that will come from the beach. willam: it is the strongest hurricane on record to have made landfall in the eastern pacific in may so early in the hurricane season. and, on the pandemic, new covid-19 cases in the u.s. were up 21-percent over the last two weeks. hospitalizations were also on the rise -- up 23-percent. meanwhile overseas, shanghai is gearing up to fully lift its 2-month "covid" lockdown wednesday, now that cases are dropping there. officials already started gradually easing restrictions, to the relief of many of the city's 25-million residents. still to come on the "newshour" -- tamara keith and amy walter discuss the latest political possibilities in the wake of the uvalde shooting. a journey through the most notable political speeches that were never given. a cartoonist provides a glimpse into the coastal town that inspires him and much more.

>> this is the pbs newshour from w eta in washington and the walter cronkite museum at the arizona university. willam: president biden sd the united states would not provide ukraine with russia that could fire into russia. meanwhile, russian military forces continue their push in east ukraine. they are making headway into a key city and threatening a neighboring town. dan rivers of independent television news was just there and has our report. >> in the most consequential part of the donbas battlefield, ukraine is trying to reinforce increasingly beleaguered troops. the supply route is shelled every day, so the ukrainians have had to adapt. the drive means going across country through an artillery shooting gallery. soon, you glimpse the

consequences of pigeons heavy weapons. inside a city surrounded by three sides on the russians, there proximity is evident on every street. a few hardened souls hang on despite the daily torment of artillery. >> we are leaving, but there is no water, no gas. what can you say? we are just surviving. >> this isn't quite a siege yet, but people feel besieged without the basics of life. the russians are advancing toward them and flattening homes at random during artillery duels that make survival a question of luck. i found valentina clinging on in her house praying god would spare her th fate of her neighbor who is killed. there are only eight people lt on her straight. how are you? she says the best, better than anyone else. with all this music. >> russian music?

yes. every single day and night. she is referring to the daily rhythm of small arms fire and explosions that echo through the city and its twin across the valley. lf cupitie byy the russians. you can see where the battle is raging and smoke filling the entire valley here. and you just wonder how long they can hold on before the russians come up the river. today, russian state tv released footage it claims is inside the city, showing its soldiers recovering what appears to be a western supplied antitank weapon. these images will be difficult to stomach fes and keyri -- tiinor tho aut kyi. the russian advances forcing some families to leave the

neighboring town. a few bags and a cherished companion, ukraine's modern-day evacuees are dispatched with a prayer for safe delivery. >> i have only one grandson. i don't know if he will get out safely. i told him a long time ago to leave, but he refused. >> on the edge of town, the police show me how the bodies are arriving faster than they can bury them. one hundred 75 individuals interred without a funeral or headstone. some cut down by russian shelling, some from natural causes, but all night dignity and death they serve by a war that appears ever closer to overwhelming the city. willam: that was dan riversf independent television news. even before russian military forces crossed into ukraine three months ago, private companies were using data from satellites and other technology to closely monitor events on the grnd. newshour special correspondent mike cerre

explores the ongoing efforts to track the war in ukraine in real time, digitally. >> from the haunting images of the 40 mile russian convoy that converts on ukraine's capital in february 2he real-time tracking of hundreds of thousands of ukrainian refugees, combining cell phone gps technology with social media, all part of a new way consumer surveillance technology but to a mission-critical test in ukraine. >> the ability to monitor anywhere in the world, day, night, all weather and all conditions is just not something commercial had access to whereas government has always had access to this signal. >> six years ago, he was a stanford student only theorizing about how to monitor the world 24/7. >> we can do coverage all

weather and satellites looking at everywhere on earth. >> now his startup has seven satellites orbiting in space and equipped with compact x-ray imaging cameras, they can take surveillance pictures day and night, even through clouds and bad weather like ukrainian winter. xasthsaisul itay-rma ogess vehn the ukrainian border signaled the actual invasion before it was officially announced. >> our third-party analysts used this imagery to get tips to look at google maps and see essentially a traffic jam of military vehicles getting ready to move in. >> once the exclusive domain of the military and intelligence communities, tech startups like this one launched a new cottage industry, smaller, cheaper satellites. some the size of a loaf of bread to do commercial satellite surveillance from companies

ranging from financial institutions to farmers. >> that is exactly what we are seeing right now, as the events unfold in ukraine, bunch of new actors making their data available to decision-makers to understand situational awareness, how things have been transgressing in a short time. >> his planet labs got some of their initial contract fundi unt , the defense to far -- to pet -- defense department started up in silicon valley. faster than the government's traditional procurement system. during 2017, the north korean missile crisis -- >> if you go back 20 years, they were literally paracting film from space in -- and the defense department would pick it up in kansas and develop it. now we have satellites looking at the whole of earth every day. >> james crawford started orbital insights, one of the

first commercial companies using artificial intelligence and machine learning for analyzing millions of images from these new satellite sources to determine what the surveillance industry calls patterns of life. in ukraine's case, the civilian exodus, which orbital insights started tracking soon after the invasion in late february. >> we did see many of the large eastern cities in ukraine starting to evacuate and we can start to see the routes they are taking. this is a time loop you are seeing. starting on the 25tgoing into the 26th, people were starting to primarily drive on city roads heading west. >> the greatest refugee crisis since world war ii can now be monitored on an hourly basis with analysts using gps signals from ukrainian cell phones and cars on the move. that data is cross-referenced with a viety of satellite imagery, like these images at key border crossings and digital

representations of street activity in besieged cities. >> the city of variable -- of mario pull in southeast ukraine, this is the traffic we see day today. this is an extreme example. 600,000 down to almost zero. people were evacuating on a massive scale. >> the orbital insights ceo came from the financial sector, which initially used satellite surveillance for tracking leading economic indicators like shopping center parking lot activity for predicting retail sales. >> whereas a lot of the defense folks are keeping and i on the columns of tanks and military equipment, what about the impact of the broader economy? the transportation infrastructure and energy infrastructure, agriculture, as well as the large she military and aspect of this. the potential broader impact into the economy in other parts

of europe as well. >> we knew there these moments where something bad isra happening and it requires attention. it could be flooding, it could be a conflict, and at those moments is when you need eyes in the sky the most. >> as for privacy concerns, gps signals from cell phones and cars are largely anonymous and the commercial imagery is not detailed enough to identify license plates or people's faces like the larger and more powerful surveillance satellites governments have access to. >> technology companies are fundamentally interested in patterns. while you could imagine a dedicated, targeted effort to get to the bottom of a single person, these are companies interested in making money and that's not really their concern. it is the aggregate pattern that interests them and rewards them financially, not the behavior of any one individual. >> dr. jeffrey lewis in monterey, california, is more

interested in the transparency benefits of public access, once classified and prohibitively expensive satellites. >> when i was a graduate student, the prewar debate was playing out. my experience was in civil society, we had nothing to say. we all thought the claims being made by the u.s. intelligence community were suspicious, that they seemed improbable. but we did not really have any basis to scrutinize those claims or understand the situation for ourselves. >> many people are taking a look at this as facts in order to then reconstruct what did happen over time and if there were any violations of international law, that could be used in the future to make sure you can hold people accountable. >> in addition to intifying mass grave sites for allegedly human rights violations, surveillance targets include energy reserves and economic

patterns of life in russia to see how effective the economic sanctions really are. for the pbs newshour, i'm mike's saray in san francisco. willam: while uvalde,texas grieves, washington is returning to its familiar debate over guns, and whether anything can be done in congress that could prevent mass shootings. joining me to assess what can and cannot be done in this moment are: amy walter of the cook political report with amy walter. and tamara keith of n-p-r. great to have you both here on memorial day. to you first come up president biden was in uvalde yesterday and he heard from many residents who said please do something. what does the president have the ability to do with regard to gun

control? tamara: with regards to his executive power, the power of the president to issue an executive order, the president has emphasizedhe limits of that power. just today, he said he can't ban certain guns or expand background checks with his pen. that is true and there are some of the gun safety community who have praised what he has done so far. in fact, president biden has done a lot through executive action throughout his administration on guns. i spoke to a top white house official about this late last week who said they have not been waiting for a mass shooting to happen to take these actions, but the person argues their options are limited because of that. however, there are people in the gun safety community who say there is a lot the president could still do.

including issuing a executive order that would call for the justice department to define what it means to be engaged in the business of selling guns, which could potentially expand the number of gun sellers required to perform background checks in order to sell those weapons. willam: because if you are not a federally licensed dealer, you are not obligated to run those checks. senator chris murphy, who we all remember seeing imploring his senate colleagues to engage on this issue after this last massacre is now having these meetings with gop senators and has been suggesting there might be some progress there. is it your sense this massacre moved enough republican senators to actually act? tamara: even senator murphy's said at one point that i have charlie with the football on this issue, so he's been coming at it with a certain degree of

skepticism. part of the challenge we have right now is this debate is, like so many things in politics, it is all or none. when you look at the polling data, most americans are somewhere in the middle and accept all kinds of compromises, but we don't have compromise as an incentive in washington anymore. when i look back to the last time we really got gun legislation done, it wasn't just that you had republica supporting something, you also had democrats voting against it. in 1994, you had 46 republicans voting for the assault weapons ban and 64 democrats voting against it unthinkable. it shows the importance of diversity of the caucuses, that democrats had a lot of rural members, republicans had a lot of suburban members, that's how you get bipartisan compromise because each one of these groups

had members where their constituencies were strong enough to push them to do one thing or the other. now the two parties are homogenous. one side is almost entirely rural and small-town of the other party, democrats are more suburban and urban, so on this issue, there is no one within those parties that can bring sort of a compromise possibility to the table. willam: the literal definition of polarization. senator murphy has said if these talks with republican senators does not pan out, that democrats would forward a bill of the reforms they would like to see done just to get a vote and get everybody on the record. politically speaking, what is the utility of that? does that really help to have a symbolic vote? tamara: as amy said, a number of

these measures have widespread support, have overwhelming support among the american public. something like expanding background checks or -- willam: raising the age limit. tamara: moving the age limit to do one for all types of weapons. preventing people involved in mastic violence from obtaining weapons. there are a number of measures that are widely supported. democrats see value in getting on the record. chris murphy is someone who is arguing that democrats need to not be afraid of this issue, that they need to campaign on it. he argues in the 18 they did campaign on this issue and they did pretty well in 2018. i don't know if there is a causal relationship as he says there is, but there is a divide among democrats about whether

you embrace gun safety as an issue or hide from it. i would say numerous people have told me the difference between now, this terrible mass shooting and sandy hook's since then, a huge lob, huge advocacy, army has built up of people who want gun safety measures that simply did not exist in an organized fashion before that. it is the gun safety response to the nra and it's much more organized than it was in the past. willam: i want to shift across the country to wyoming. we saw president trump out in wyoming recently coming off a pretty bad defeat of his election denier candidates in georgia. two of them went down quite seriously. president trump is out in wyoming stumping for anyone who will take down liz cheney. does the president's defeat in georgia lessen the impact of his

endorsement and stamp of approval? amy: i vaguely have to judge this on all kinds of different asures. on the one hand, of republicans that voted to impeach the president, there are 10 of them, liz cheney is one of them. she has a tough road to come back to washgton. this is the most republican state, give donald trump his biggest margin in the 2020 election, but those folks, many of them are coming back because they decided to retire, they've likely seen the writing on the wall. so he is going to have been responsible for purging a good 60%, 70% or more who voted to impeach him out of congress. on that measure, it's a success. however, what we are seeing like in georgia is just giving somebody your endorsement and asking that endorsement to play the role of retribution for his own loss, right, it was all

about him and how he was wronged , that's not going very far. what other republicans who are looking at 2024 c is maybe this is an opportuny to go after donald trump. he's spent so much time thinking about the past, not the future. there are monday of republicans watching these wins and losses saying maybe he's not so invincible in 24 if he runs. willam: very quickly, do you think donald trump is equally sought out as someone to stump for my campaign, please, mr. former president? tamara: he still carries a lot of weight with his base. just look at how may people showed up in wyoming for that rally, including people who drove from all over the country to see him, pretty much. willam: tamera keith, amy walter, thank you very much.

the release of a new trove of hacked chinese police records offers one of the most extensive accounts yet of how the chinese are imprisoning huge numbers of the mostly muslim minority, uyghurs. since 2017, human rights groups have accused china's government of detaining more than a million uyghurs in highly-secretive camps in the northwestern region of xinjiang. now, the "xinjiang police files" give an inside look into what the u.s. has called a genocide. nick schifrin reports. >> care the faces of the imprisoned, the youngest, a 15-year-old, the oldest, a 73-year-old. detained for what police called a reeducation. all under close watch, all muslim uighurs, victims of what the u.s. calls a genocide and the mass internment of more than one million chinese citizens. the photos and new documents revealed in these files.

beijing says these camps, uighurs learn the han chinese language and are taught vocational skills. but people who have left chinese detention called facilities prisons for brainwashing. a between 19 video, the u.s. government believed authentic shows uighur detainees in blue, heads shaved and blindfolded. photos reveal detainees forced to recite verses and watch speeches on state tv. the photos and files were leaked to a researchers who has focused on xinjiang for years. welcome to the newshour. what do these documents show about security at these camps th we did not know before? >> the documents show how that camps are to be guarded, how many police respond, how are they armed, what weapons do they use. the police use sniper rifles and

the watchtowers, they use military grade machine guns, they are to warn detainees who try to escape or cause trouble, but then they have a shoot to kill order if they do not obey the spoken command. it is unprecedented insight into the detention camp security and, with that, we don't just have instructions, the written texts, we have images of actual police drills showing how police are handcuffing detainees, shackling them, marching them off and putting them into the ominous tiger chair for interrogation. willam: there's one specific example we wanted show of a family come a detained mother, a father sentenced to 10 years for studying islam, and their two kids, seven and eight, heads shaved, which is against uighur tradition. why would local police detain an entire family? >> what the police are doing is

working with guilt based on association. they are looking at who is associated with whom and if they are one family unit, there is assumed to be influence. if the father in the family has been found to do anything what we would consider to be a normal customary religious practice, they would then consider the entire family to be tainted by that association. that is how i think you came to have such a massive scale. we are tking one or 2 million potentially. one of the reasons is the whole thing was snowballing. they were just trying to find more and more links and networks and extracting testimony and finding little things and anybody associated with someone else or being a family member was also caught in a net. take for example the youngest girl in theamps -- you depicted her -- the 15-year-old.

sheadone nothing according to the police files, nothing at all. the only wrong thing she did is she's the daughter of a parent, an official who was detained. willam: the documents include what you call exceptionally unrestrained transcript of speeches from officials. what have we learned from those? >> those are incredible because they are literally transcript the video messages. the officials are speaking freely. but they are trying to do is they are breathing down the next of their police officers, telling them, look, don't be weak. you have to be tough on those uighurs. when you arrest them, use of handcuffs, used -- use shackles, blindfold them, if they are trying to just take a few steps, shoot kill. you have the authority to do so. in -- a formerartner -- former party secretary of the region told officials that the uighurs

are dangerous, they are a threat , and even if they have been reeducated for a couple of years in the camp, they may not have been transformed. he is admitting that reeducation, brutal brainwashing may not work. you can sense a paranoia about total security and total control that emanates from these unprecedented documents. willam: do you believe one of the speech transcript directly implicates xi jinping? >> one of the most important minister of public securityina' 's from the 18. this is quite a record-breaking document. it basically says the central government things the reeducation camps are great. that reeducation is going wonderful in the region has to continue, but there is one problem. the problem is xi jinping himself knows the camps are overcrowded, they are

overflowing, and therefore xi jinping himself, according to this speech has told the government look, xinjiang needs more please cards, larger camps. reeducation camps are expensive to run but beijing is going to help cover the costs. willam: i know you are protecting your source, but what can you tell us about receiving these documents? >> i received them through soci media. i was contacted anonymously. i looked at the material and it was unbelievable. i looked at it bit by bit, i communicated to the source, it was quite a credible interaction but at the end of the day, the files speak for themselves. i don't like to trust material based on a source, i like to trust the material. looking at it, authenticating it, comparing it to existing leaks, looking at internal consistency notes a wealth of information we were able to

analyze and authenticate. willam: you have been writing about xinjiang for years, but these papers lead you to a new conclusion. in the past, you thought beijing's lines about counterterrorism were a facade concealing ulterior motives. now you believe there is what you say is a devolution into paranoia by chinese officials. what do you mean and why is it important? >> when we look at boudin and ukraine and the blunder he did by leaving the ukrainians would welcome him, we realize he's believed way too much of his own propaganda. we see something similar with xinjiang. the government has nurtured a threat perception of uighurs is dangerous and uncontrollable people that has spiraled out of control. it is quite clear to me they have to some extent been believing and nurturing their own propaganda threat perception that has been spiraling out of control and blown it out of proportion and they are believing it and filtering it

down to their own officials. of course, i think there is a facade element to it and this doesn't do anything to excuse that. it is interesting, this cognitive paranoia. the common feature of mass atrocities and we see the same sign in xinjiang. willam: thank you very much. >> thank you. willam: general dwight eisenhower prepared remarks - and an apology - if d-day had failed. national security advisor condoleezza rice planned to give a foreign policy speech on september 11, 2001, but scrapped it when america was attacked . president john f. kennedy planned to offer america a warning in dallas, texas, but was assassinated before he could arrive at his destination. amna nawaz recently spoke th president biden's former senio speechwriter jeff nussbaum, who examines those speeches and many

others in his new book, "undelivered: the never-heard speeches that would have rewritten history". >> the author, jeff westbound joins us now. welcome to the newshour. you've been chasing down some of the speeches for years. why the obsession? jeff: the sessio began election night 2000. i was a kid speechwriter for al gore. we had three speeches -- a victory, concession, and strangely enough, if you win the electoral college but lose the popular vote. and that night, he gave none of those speeches. find where are the other moment in american history where the outcome is so in doubt, not just elections, but with the outcome rests on a razors edge that both outcomes had to be envisioned? and i started finding them in all sorts of different places. amna: there are so many wonderful stories in this book. you tell the story about why the speeches weren't delivered.

there is the speech of john lewis and his original speech for the augus 1963 march on washington. that it was quite militant -- he wrote we will march through the south through the heart of dixie the way sherman did. we shall pursue our own scorched earth policy and burn jim crow to the ground, nonviolently. he was talked out of using that language. what happened here? jeff: in retrospect, in his later years, we started to see john lewis as almost a warm, fuzzy fighter. we sanded the rough edges of what he was in his youth. he was the voice of the young angry activists civil rights movement and that is what he wanted his role at the march on washington to be. he was very clear, i want this to be a march on washington, not a march in washington. other organizers were hoping to have an event that was more approachable by the vast

majority of americans. they wanted it sanctioned by that captioned -- by the catholic church, they wanted press kennedy to see ty could work with the civil rights community to pass a bill and john lewis wanted to say i cannot suprt the civil rights bill. it is too little, too late. so out of desperation, the organizers said john, please tone it down. he kind of got his back up against the wall and resisted and resisted. then finally, the march organizers basically said please, john, we've come this far together. let us stay together. he retreated under the lincoln memorial and worked and reworked his speech to the point it was acceptable. and still it was the most fiery speech of the day. amna:ust incredible. you also share words that were never spoken because the person didn't live long enough to deliver them. and there's one exple i want to ask you about. you tell the story of a speech that president kennedy intended to deliver in dallas. he planned to address the rise in right wing misinformation

campaigns and he planned to call out, as you quote him, voices preaching doctrines wholly unrelated to reality, which really hits home right now. your book says that some of these words, if delivered, could have rewritten history. what do you think would be different if kennedy had spoken these words? jeff: this is a really interesting one. because to the extent people remember it, they think of it as a foreign policy speech. they remember that he said, we're the watchman on the walls of world freedom and that it was. however, if you read the speech carefully, he also says that watchmen shouldn't just be looking outside the walls of the us, has to be looking inside as well to these voices wholly unrelated to reality. and so i think several times in this book, we find examples of warnings made in their moment of time that resonate even more clearly today. amna: it's not all politics and policy, though. you do include the story of director barry jenkins, the man behind the 2017 film moonlight.

i think everyone remembers that academy awards ceremony where they announced the wrong film had won best picture. the wrong staff and cast went up there. then they said, no, really, it was moonlight. barry jenkins had intended to deliver a powerful speech about that film that he never got to deliver because the moment was lost to the flub. jeff:xactly. here we have this moment and he was going to talk about what the wind meant and he was going to talk about sething he experienced on the set that brought it home for him. he tells the story of how in filming the movie in liberty city, miami, they had to come in and bring in lights so they could film at night. and in a lot of poor neighborhoods like this one in which he grew up, there wasn't light. and bringing in the light brought out the children. and at one point during the filming, he looked over to video village, where all the monitors and editing equipment were. and he sees a young man wearing his headset who's just planted himself in the chair. and in that moment, he said, i saw in this child the possibility, which i hadn't believed i could ever see for myself.

amna: you know, i have to ask you, you have you've now left the white house where you were a senior speechwriter for president biden. you've been writing for him and with him for a while, though, right? yes. how has that changed over the years? jeff: that's a great question. he has always been who he has been. i've described writing for president biden as like being a session musician in a band that's already released two greatest hits albums. it's not so much about the new track it's about applying the , values that he's espoused his entire career to the moment. and so that's that's what's really changed, is that his optimism, his desire to find consensus, it's still about finding ways for those things to take root, but it's about recognizing that he's trying to get them to take root in much rockier terrain today than they had to earlier in his career. amna: the book is undelivered -- the never heard speeches that

would have rewritten history. the offer -- the author is jeff nussbaum. thank you for being here. willam: cartoonist will wilson's syndicated comic strip, wallace the brave appears in more than 100 newspapers nationwide. but as david wright reports, wilson finds his inspiration closer to home. the story is part of our arts and culture series, canvas. >> father and son, dockside, enjoying a bit of mischief in jamestown, just across the water from newport. it's exactly the sort of scene you might find in the comic strip, wallace the brave, set in a mythical seaside village called snug harbor. >> i'm sure as most rounders know there is an actual snug harmer -- snug harbor.

>> that's william henry wilson. he has a secret identy. by day, he owns and operates grapes and gourmet, local wine shop. >> but he's also a nationally syndicated cartoonist under>> the pen name will henry. what pays the bills? the comic strip or the liquor store? >> the comic strip. but the shop was an opportunistic endeavor. i was working here in my 20's. the owner lived in arizona and didn't want to be here anymore. he offered it to me at a discount price and i took advantage of that price and because i was trying to do cartoons, i brought my drawing desk down here. >> that little drafting table under the wine racket, his window onto the world. cartooning was something he used to do in his downtime. how did you come up with miles the brave?

>> i was sitting at the drawing table and i was looking out the window and i saw a kid on a pylon. it was summertime and they were laughing and the little kid came and pushed him off of it and he fell in the water and splashed and he popped out and he was laughing, just so happy. and i thought that is a moment i want to capture. fun, ocean, kids being kids in there was a click moment where i saw a path to a successful comic strip. >> very briefly, for those unfamiliar, here are the tremendous persona -- >> the main character is wallace. he's an energetic, happy, very positive kid. he is the main character. his best that his best friend is spud, he's a weird kid and very self-conscious of weird things but wallace celebrates them and i think that is what makes them click. >> there is wallace's kid

brother, sterling, who never met a buggy would neat. and then there is amelia, the new girl in town. >> she's very feisty. >> your sister's name. >> i would never cross her. >> the inspiration, always close to home. >> when i first started drawing this comic, i was maybe 29, 20 eight, had no kids, i was married. the characters, especially the parents and kids, were based on my experience as me being that child and the parents were myomt ran left sunday where -- when i draw my comics, i will either draw them at the liquor store in

my studio. i came down from the studio and my wife is wearing a k penned a dr. seuss hat and holding a ladle and the kids are half naked and have stuff all over them and they are playing this imaginary game. i just thought this is crazy, what are you doing, honey? they made fun of me because i wasn't in costume, so those kind of moments i try to capture because they are surprising to me but they are real. >> people have compared it to peanuts, to calvin and hobbes, it is old-fashioned in the way. >> i'm trying to build a world where the kids, there is technology in the world but i want wlace, the main character, to be the one that says that stuff is fine but i enjoy being out in nature, i enjoyed being out in the world. >> and that world never fails to inspire him. the comic strip and the family,

celebrating life's daily adventures. for the pbs newshour, i'm david wright in jamestown, rhode island. willam: christine is a clinical psychologist at the "universtiy of california irvine counseling center." growing up filipina, she said no one around her ever talked about mental health. she's now trying to break through the barriers that keep her community away from this crucial therapy. tonight, she shares her brief but spectacular take on asian american mental health. >> going up, there was a lot of mental health stigma. it was not talked about in school, so i learned to keep it quiet. i actually went to a catholic school for first through 12th grade and i remember when i was in the sixth grade, i struggled. the way that was taken care of

was getting marched to the principal's office, who is the nun and getting shamed for how i made my mother cry. part of my desire and passion to do this work is so that one filipina girl doesn't have to feel the way i did. some of the nuances that are so unique to working with people who are filipino in mental alth, we have to juggle stigma, we have two juggle this inherent shame. one of our primary filipino values is this sense of dnecco ete or is a reflection of the people around me. many times, the stigma of mental health is i have something wrong and don't want to bring shame to my family, so i'm not going to say anything about it. most people of color are from

collectivistic cultures and are used to thinking of what is the best thing for the community as a whole. when i introduced this concept of self-care, they just can't wrap their heads around it or they get selfish because who am i to be taking off in the middle of the afternoon to sit in nature when i should be earning money to help my family? but i like to think of it as you are replenishing yourself and that rest is productive. it is not a waste of time. i think there's a real misunderstanding that people have to be extremely down or depressed or anxious or all of these things in order to justify going to therapy, but really, if you are not feeling great and would like tools, answers, and insights, that is what it is for. this is my brief but spectacular

take on filipino-american mental health. willam: you can watch more brief but spectacular videos online at pbs.org/newshour slash brief. we closed tonight with scenes from a bit of history about memorial day and how it is honored at arlington national cemetery. while many see memorial day as the unofficial start of summer, here, it is a mournful time to honor those lost in battle. this land, 640 acres on the hill just across the river from washington dc was once a plantation owned by george washington's family. then in 1861, during the civil war, the union army seized the grounds from members of robert e. lee's family and his wife who was washington's granddaughter. the first military burial here was held three years later.

today's holiday traces its roots to what is known as decoration day. the gun, according to historians, one month after the civil war when a group of former slaves in south carolina placed flowers on the graves of union soldiers. this cemetery is now the resting place for more than 400,000 service members who dedicated their lives to our country. and that is the newshour for tonight. i'm william brangham. join us online and here again tomorrow night. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> for 25 years, consumer cellular's goal has been to provide services to people can communicate and connect. we offer a variety of plans and a customer service team can find one that fits you. visit consumer cellular. tv.

>> the kendeda fund -- committed to advancing restorative justice and meaningful work through investments in transformative leaders and ideas. more at kendeda fund.org. supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at mac found.org. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting.

hello, everyone and welcome to amanpour and company. here's what's coming up. >> it's simply not understandable that the use of weapons in such amount is allowed. >> germany's vice chancellor gives a frank message overseas in a message he says the eu is not unanimous about ranning russian oil. then -- >> we need to fix this, and the way we fix it is for people who care about it to speak up. >> she puts america's relationship with guns in context. plus -- >> the russians are just a