judy: good evening. i'm judy woodruff. on the "newshour" tonight, fighting inflation -- the federal reserve implements the highest single interest rate hike in nearly 30 years to combat rising prices. then, vote 2022 -- candidates backed by former president trump have mixed success after primaries in several key states, but his philosophy shows enduring popularity. and, after the storm -- thousands of louisiana residents are still without adequate housing, nine months after hurricane ida, with low-income and under-served communities hit the hardest. >> the last three years i've evacuated seven times for storms and then ida was the worst, obviously. i'm not sure i could take another one down here, to be

honest with you. judy: all that and more on tonight's "pbs newshour." >> major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by. >> moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf. the engine that connects us. >> cfo. caregiver. eclipse chaser. a raymondjames financial advisor tailors advice to help you live your life.

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thank you. judy: the federal reserve ramped up its efforts to fight inflation with a notable interest rate hike today. officials voted to raise the fed's benchmark rate by three-quarters of a point. that is a jump higher than expected just a week ago. federal reserve chair jay powell acknowledged that the ongoing series of hikes meant to tamp down inflation might also slow growth later this year. and the fed projected unemployment would rise to 4% by 2024. our economics correspondent, paul solman, reports on the fed's plan to get more aggressive. paul: today's interest rate boost of three-quarters of a percent, the fed's most dramatic since 1994. chair powell: contrary to expectations, inflation again surprised to the upside. indicators -- some indicators of inflation expectations have risen.

and projections of this year have moved up notably. so we thought that strong action was warranted at this meeting. and, today, we delivered that. paul: it's to combat inflation we americans haven't seen take off like this in 40 years. suddenly, rents through the roof, the price of eggs up 32% over last year, unaffordable used minivans, and filling up for that trip to the store in the car you can no longer afford, up 50% from just last year. hey, it now cost me $80 to fill up my supposedly economical subaru. so, the typical american household is spending something like $400 to $500 more per month for the same stuff they bought last year. the fed was planning a more modest interest rate hike, but, friday, the consumer price index pinged 8.6%, forcing the fed to adjust. chair powell: clearly, today's 75-basis-point increase is an unusually large one, and i do not expect moves of this size to be common.

our overarching focus is using our tools to bring inflation back down to our 2% goal and to keep longer-term inflation expectations well-anchored. paul: higher interest rates are the fed's key inflation tool. seth carpenter, chief global economist at morgan stanley. seth: so, what the fed is trying to do is raise interest rates to make credit more expensive for households and businesses to borrow and then spend, and through that mechanism bring down the amount of spending going on in the economy, and, by reducing the amount of spending in the economy, try to bring down inflation. paul: but will it? are the forces here -- pandemic, global supply chains, war in ukraine -- simply eater than anything a central bank like the fed can cope with? seth: there is no playbook that the fed can follow, looking back over the past 10, 20, 30, even 50 years, to try to understand exactly how to navigate these times. paul: rising inflation and perhaps the fed's reaction to it has sent stocks tumbling, with

the s&p down more than 20% from its record high, a so-called bear market that puts wall street for the moment into hibernation. the big question, how long will the inflation last? and, related, how critical is the fed to containing it? some critics contend the fed has done too little too late. you one of those critics? seth: i mean, i think it's very easy to criticize the fed. they're in a very, very difficult position. paul: but they are playing catchup? seth: well, i think that's probably true. inflation picked up very, very quickly. it seems to be very broadly based now. and there is always a lag between the increase in interest rates and the way that can slow spending in the economy and then, from slower spending in the economy, to bringing down inflation. paul: the last great inflation surge was in the 1970's. then-fed chair paul volcker is credited with crushing it and the economy by raising interest rates as high as 20%.

it's now being said that chairman powell is trying to pull a paul volcker, no? seth: well, i think it remains to be seen whether severe recession is what's critical, or if there's some slowdown in the economy that is shy of that kind of recession can do the trick in order to bring inflation down. and if anyone says they know for sure, they're either lying to themselves or they're lying to you. paul: there's also this to consider. had the fed done too much too soon, it could have choked the economy during a pandemic, killing jobs, freaking out markets, inducing a recession. longtime economics journalist david wessel of the brookings institution. david: chairman powell at his press conference today was emphatic.nt ilation from getting embedded in people's expectations. and he said it over and over and over again. and i think he means it. paul: could he really have moved much earlier, in the midst of a pandemic?

david: it's just that we have 8.6% inflation, and it's hard to macape the fact that the fe''ey fo.retrgp it. it is a remarkably sharp shift in fed policy in the last six months, the fastest i have ever seen since paul volcker. paul: so, what's ahead for the fed? more hikes this year, said powell today, as he tries to tamp down inflation before it becomes self-fulfilling. chair powell: so, thank you very much. paul: for the “pbs newshour,” paul solman. stephanie: i'm stephanie sy with newshour west. we'll return to the full program after the latest headlines. president biden pushed oil companies today to produce more gasoline and cut prices. he wrote to industry executives, re-stating his charge that they are profiteering. and he said, quote, the crunch that families are facing deserves immediate action.

the industry, in turn, blamed mr. biden's policies for curbing production. the man accused of killing 10 people because they were black at a supermarket in buffalo, new york, will face federal hate crime counts. payton gendron was charged today. u.s. attorney general merrick garland visited the memorial for the victims in buffalo. he said there's a moral obligation to act. ag garland: no one ithis country should have to live in fear that they will go to work or shop at a grocery store and will be attacked by someone who hates them because of the color of their skin. stephanie: garland did not rule out seeking the death penalty. the michigan police officer charged with murdering patrick lyoya was fired today. christopher schurr shot lyoya in the back of the head after a struggle in april. a federal grand jury has indicted the california man

accused of plotting to murder supreme court justice brett kavanaugh. nicholas roske was arrested last week, near kavanaugh's home in maryland. a conviction could carry a maximum sentence of life in prison. there are new questions about georgia republican congressman barry loudermilk leading a tour of the u.s. capitol complex one day before the january 6ttack. the january 6 committee released video showing some in the group photographing stairwells and tunnels. the committee chair suggested it might be suspicious. loudermilk sd it was entirely innocent. rep. loudermilk: if you go to that stairwell, there's a golden eagle sconce that's on the wl. that's what he's taking a picture of. i mean, these are folks who had never been to washington, d.c. and they were here to visit their congressman. stephanie: the capitol police have said there's nothing suspicious on the video. the committee says one man on the tour was outside the capitol the next day, making threats against top democrats. a federal judge in washington convicted a man and his son

today for january 6 crimes. a widely seen photograph shows the father, kevin seyfried, carrying a confederate flag. he and his son were found guilty of obstructing an official proceeding, and disorderly conduct. fda advisers endorsed moderna and pfizer vaccinations for children under five. shots could begin monday, if they win final approval. we'll have more on this after the news summary. the united states has announced a $1 billion military aid package for ukraine. in brussels, u.s. defense secretary lloyd austin confirmed the aid,nd the need to ship it to outgunned ukrainian fighters soon. sec. austin: when you're in the fight you can never get enough and you can never get it quick enough. so, having said all that, we're going to work hard to make sure we're doing everything humanly possible. we're going to continue to move heaven and earth to get them the capability that they need. stephanie: in brazil, the bodies of a british journalist and a brazilian indigenous peoples expert have been found in the

amazon. police said a suspect confessed to killing veteran correspondent dom phillips and bruno pereira. they had been missing since june 5 in the javari valley, bordering peru. violence in that region has grown along with the drug trade. record flooding this week in montana is now moving through billings, its largest city, and forcing the shutdown of its water treatment plant. around yellowstone national park, new images show a local river shifted its course after a torrent caused by heavy rain. the water also washed out roads, damaged homes, and drove thousands of visitors away. video fromunday showed a rockslide striking one car as it left the park. no one was hurt. in its continued reckoning with sexual abuse in the church, the southern baptist convention voted today to issue a formal apology to victims.

the resolution said the convention repents and wants to bind the wounds of the broken. the meeting in california follows a 300-page report last month detailing the mishandling of hundreds of sexual abuse claims over two decades. the race for alaska's only u.s. house seat will include the state's former governor sarah palin. state election officials released additional vote counts today from saturday's primary. palin and three others will advance to a special election in august. we'll talk more about primary election results after the news summary. and, president biden has issued new executive orders on lgbtq rights. among other things, they aim to discourage so-called conversion therapy to change sexual orientation or gender identify. it's a response to state laws seen as being anti-lgbtq. still to come on the “newshour”" what parents need to know about the newly approved covid vaccines for children under five years old. the u.k. tries to push ahead with its controversial plan to deport asylum seekers to rwanda. why a minnesota bank buiing ranks among the united states' mostignificant architecture.

and much more. >> this is the "pbs newshour" from weta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. judy: nearly half of the country has now chosen party nominees for november's midterm elections. yesterday's primaries from south carolina to nevada made clear that, for many republicans, loyalty to donald trump is still the key to success. the biggest win for the former president came in the palmetto state, where five-term incumbent congressman tom rice, one of the 10 house republicans who supported trump's impeachment, was pushed out by pro-trump state representative russell fry. the washington post's annie linskey has been following yesterday's results, and she joins me now. welcome back to the "newshour," annie linskey. so let's start by talking about these south carolina house

races. there were two of them i want to ask you about, but one, this by voters in his republican -- this republican imary. he never backed down in his criticism of president trump. annie: yeah, that's right. he essentially doubled down, using a -- employing a different strategy than we have seen with other republicans who have gotten the ire of trump. he said that he voted for -- to impeach the president and continued to talk about it on the trail. he said to onef my colleagues, calling trump a tyrant. and the president, the former president reads this coverage very closely. judy: yeah. annie: so he continued at it. and he attracted a trump-backed challenger, and we saw him lose. i mean, we had gone into yesterday thinking perhaps it would go to a run-off. but it was a resounding defeat. judy: two to one. but different story in another south rolina district we have been watching, representative nancy mace. she didn't vote to impeach president trump, but she did

side with vice president pence in saying that he couldn't certify -- or couldn't refuse to certify the 2020 election results. former president trump didn't like that. he went after her. but she continued to say nice things about him in her race, even though she wasn't endorsed by him. annie: right. and then -- and had a different result. judy: right. annie: i mean, she also had a primary challenger who was also backed by trump. so it's not as if trump really accepted the sort of olive branch that she reached out to him with. but, on the trail, her posture was really different. and she kept on saying good things about him. she went to trump tower and famously recorded a video explaining why she's with him and why his supporters should back him. so she really kind of bowed down to him in a way that rice did not. and then you saw very different results, where she was able to stay in power, and he was not. and i think it's emerging here as a potential playbook for republicans who do somehow cross trump in some ways.

if they stand up to him, they better very quickly turn around and try to make amends. judy: and, of course, depending on how they read the -- their constituents in their district or their state. annie: yeah. judy: but let's talk about nevada now. we're looking at a couple of statewide races there, senate, governor and then the secretary of state. this is where former president trump's endorsement is a clear plus. adam laxalt, running for the senate, eagerly endorsed by -- lashed himself to president trump, and then a really interesting -- talk about that, but also a really interesting secretary of state candidate. annie: oh, yes. i mean, i hate to do this, but ming out of nevada, donald trump really did have a royal flush. i mean, every person he endorsed ended up advancing. and the laxalt seat is particularly interesting. that's the senate primary. and he was backed not only by trump, but also by trump's son

donald trump jr., who in the last sort of moments of the campaign, the last days of the campaign, went out there and campaigned with him. and so what you'reeeing in nevada is donald trump jr. also sort of establishing a power base of his own. he did the same thing in ohio, where he went out and really went in big for j.d. vance, and there was a success there too. and then the secretary of state race, and that's really the one to watch, i think. i meanwe're not used to paying close attention to secretary of state races. judy: for su. annie: i mean, i think most of -- most people probably didn't know what that position did before 2020. but in this case, this secretary of state race who's an -- secretary of state candidate who is an election denier, and has organized other election deniers around the country to run in secretary of state races. judy: he has played an active role, jim marchant, yes. annie: jim marchant won last night. and i think that is something that the sort of pro-democracy groups are -- they were watching that race closely and are really worried about his advance,

because it changes the way that -- nevada is a swing state, and he will have an incredible amount of influence over how nevada's election is run in 2024. judy: because the role of secretary -- annie: if he wins. if he wins. judy: that's right, if he wins. but the role osecretaries of state is typically to oversee elections, which could have huge consequences in this nember. annie: huge consequences, yes. judy: couple of things i want to ask you about, but you have been doing some really interesting reporting in the last few days, annie linskey, about, in a few states, a few places around the country, democrats, we know ey're going to be running ads against republicans. but they are running ads in some places for republicans who they think may be a weaker opponent in the fall. annie: this has been a tactic that i have been really astounded by. on the one hand, you do have democrats during the january 6 committee hearings talking about democracy, about the importance of drawing the line between, as biden calls them, ultra maga candidates. but some of the democratic

election committees are running ads to help promote the far-right candidates, believing they will be a little easier to beat in november. democratic strategists that i have talked to say that this is a very dangerous game, and you have to be careful what you wish for. and u will remember, of course, hillary clinton thought that donald trump would be easy to beat. and that wasn't the case. so, when you play these games, you do need to be careful what you wish for. judy: and you do -- you're taking a risk. it's not something that -- we have seen it before in american politics. annie: yeah. judy: but, right now, it's something we're keeping a very close eye on. annie linskey of the washington post, thanks so much. annie: thank you. great to be here. judy: a bipartisan group of lawmakers on capitol hill has agreed to a framework to reform the electoral count act. now, this is the law that

governs the way congress counts and certifies electoral college votes during a presidential election. and it has become the subject of scrutiny after the january 6 attack on the capitol. for more on all this, i'm joined by our congressional correspondent, lisa desjardins. so, lisa, remind us of what this act does, what this issue is all about, and what this group is looking to do. lisa: this is the act that goes back to the 1880's, after the tumultuous 1876 election led to all kinds of problems, with different competing slates of delegates and electors this law was put in place to try and have a very clear process for exactly how the electoral college certification was done. it spells out what congress' role is, exactly what happens, exactly what was supposed to happen on january 6, what the role of vice president is, all of that.

but because this particular law, rarely seen or rarely brought up, is murky in some ways, it led to those questions on january 6 and conspiracy theories that could -- that it could be changed, and also open the door for objections in congress itself. so let's look at what the situation is now and what this frework of reform would do. right now, under the eleoral count act, in order to trigger a challenge to an electoral count, it just requires one member of the house and one member of the senate to challenge any particular state's slate of electors. what this framework would do is radically changed that to require 20% of each chamber must object to that state's slate of electors in order to trigger a challenge. also now in the electoral count act, it does state that the vice president, as the president of the senate, really announces the count, has a role. but it's vague. it's not clear exactly what the vice president's limits are.

many people -- no one's ever had a problem with that before until this past 2020 election. what this would do is, it would clarify, make it very clear that the vice president only has a ceremonial or ministerial role, as some of these folks are saying. the agreement here, judy, also would have some money to help for security for state elections officials, something i know the two of you were just talking about as well. judy: for sure. and, lisa, tell us what the timeline is for this because, as you say, right now, what you're seeing is a framework, not legislative language yet. lisa: this is fascinating. one reason it's taken a little longer on this is because there aren't really any experts on this. no one from the arthur or grover cleveland administrations is still around to help lawmakers figure out how this should work. but they -- but i was told by one senator and by several offices today that they think they can get text for this ready by august. so, the question is, then, when would there be a vote? there's some politics here, judy.

i believe that we would have to see a vote perhaps after the election itself, one, because democrats, many of them think that this kind of bill should include voting rights, and they might have a problem with it before the election if it doesn't. then republicans, on their side, they know this kind of bill may raise some ire from the trump side of their party. they don't want to do that. so, while this would -- could be ready to go before then, could have the support, we may not see a full vote in the senate for a few months. we will watch it. judy: and, lisa, as you say, this is not a law that had gotten a great deal of attention before it was taken, i think it's fair to say, for granted. remind us though, why this is something that matters so much. lisa: i think your segment just now showed exactly what's going on. there are candidates running right now for congress who would deny the 2020 election and who would use something perhaps like the electoral count act. now, if you look at this map, this is data from the washington post. this shows the primaries up until now. you can see, in all of those states that are red, that's how

many republican nominees for the house, they have won their primary, deny the 2020 win by joe biden or question it. these are people who would sit in congress and under current law would have the right to object to, say, another election if president trump runs again. so this is something that is not just theoretical. this is something that the electoral count act could very well affect, the next election. also interesting to note vice president pence's role, one of his closest advisers, michael luttig, also a well-known conservative judge, has been speaking out about this and what was leading up to january 6. he spoke to "frontline" for an upcoming documentary. here's what he said about the theories going up to january 6. judge luttig: the plan was to overturn the election through the exploitation of the -- of what i have called the institutions of democracy and the instruments and instrumentalities of our

democracy. there's really -- and we know now there's no question about it. they knew exactly what they were doing. and they believed it. lisa: judy, this is the theme, and he will be one of the witnesses at tomorrow's committee hearing for the select january 6 committee. judy: for sure. it doesn't get any more critical than this. lisa desjardins, we thank you. as we reported, covid vaccines for childr under five could be available as early as next week, now that the fda has given its stamp of approval. many parents and caregivers of the youngest have long awaited this and argue that they have had to wait too long. but even so, there are big questions about how widely the vaccines will be taken up. william brangham has the latest. william: judy, that fda

committee unanimously approved kids' vaccines from both moderna and pfizer today. pfizer's is given in three shots, moderna's in two, and at slightly different dosages. there are approximately 18 million kids in this age group who would be eligible to get the shots. for some insight into this moment, i'm joined by dr. andrea singh. she's the chief of pediatrics at park nicollet clinics and hospital in minnesota. hello, dr. singh. welcome to the "newshour." could i just get your reaction to today's development? dr.singh: yeah, i'm very excited. as you said, there have been 18 million children in our country that really haven't had an option of having a vaccine. and so this unanimous approval of both moderna and pfizer today is really exciting news for a lot of parents. william: and do you feel confident that the safety data is clear for both of these vaccines that this is the right call for kids? dr.singh: yes, i think -- i am very confident. and it really meant a lot that there was a unanimous vote of

confidence in the data that was submitted thus far. as always, we're going to have to continue to look at the data as more and more kids get the vaccine and make sure that what we see in this initial sample size is actually holding true. but i feel very comfortable offering this vaccine to my patients and family members that haven't had the option yet. william: what about choosing which vaccine? does it matter, moderna or pfizer? does the two-shot vs. three-shot factor in your recommendations at all? dr. singh: yes, i think it's a really good question. and we don't -- these two vaccines were not studied head to head. and they pointed that out in some of the committee hearings today. so, you really can't make a direct comparison. i think there are some families that will choose to do the two-dose series or moderna, which is a higher strength, but only two doses were studied.

other families will choose to go with pfizer, which is a lower dose, but three vaccines kind of spre out. william: there is, i'm sure, a slice of parents who are, as we speak, calling your office to make appointments as quickly as possible to get their children vaccinated. but not everyone is as eager, as you well know. how do you talk with a parent who is more in the camp of, i'm just going to wait and see, i'm not so sure, i'm not sure i'm going to do this just yet? dr. singh: yes, i -- it's a super important conversation. and i do encourage parents, if you are kind of sitting on the fence, make that appointment with your child's health care provider so that you can have that discussion, because it is really important to talk through it with a professional that knows kind of the science and background in your own child's personal history, right? a recent family kaiser foundation studies show that 18% of families were super eager and calling right away to get the vaccine once it was approved. about 38% of parents was kind of in that camp that you're

describing, and then the rest kind of said, yes, no, not for us. as a pediatrician, i have been talking with my families of younger children for months, even yea at this point in time, about the pros and cons of a potential vaccine for this age group. i think one thing that's super important to call out is that there's a misconceptioout there that covid isn't dangerous for children, and a lot of kids have already had it, and they have been fine, and it's a little cold, and so they don't need the vaccine. but the data shows that, while only 3% of covid cases have been in this young child age group, those kids tend to get more serious complications, more hospitalizations, and more long-term issues, so really important vulnerable group that we're talking about, this six-month-to-five-year or six-year-age group. william: what if a parent comes to you and says, well, my kid recently had covid, they have gotten over it now, and so don't they have protection, and, thus, i don't need the shot?

what do you tell them? dr. singh: inevitably, everybody's body does not some immune response after a covid infection. however, that immunity rlly -- the length of how long the immunity lasts really varies from person to person. and so we in the medical community do recommend getting the vaccine series started, even if you have had an infection. william: what about this other risk that some people might have heard about, especially with regards to males, which is this heart condition myocarditis? does the data indicate that this is an issue with these vaccines for kids? dr. singh: it's a really important topic that they discussed in review of the data that came forth over the last couple of days. and, fortunately, there were not cases of myocarditis that were seen in the studies that have been done. it is something we're going to have to watch very closely as we move forward. what we do know and wh we can extrapolate from the older kids that have gotten myocarditis

related to vaccine is that infection -- you're five to 10 times more likely to get myocarditis from covid illness itself than from the vaccine. so, whenever we hear this stuff, it's super scary. we only want to do the right things for our kids. and it's really important to put the informion that you're hearing into context about -- viruses cause myocarditis. that is something well-known in the pediatric medical community. obviously, we don't want to be the ones inducing it. fortunately, it did not seem like that was common in the data that was studied. william: all right, dr. andrea singh, pediatrician and chief of pediatrics at park nicollet clinics and hospitals, thank you so much for your help. dr. singh: you're welcome. thanks for having me. judy: in the unitekingdom,

prime minister boris johnson and his conservative party are facing criticism over a new migration deal with rwanda. as part of a resettlement plan, migrants who arrive illegally on british shores would be flown 4000 miles south to rwanda for processing and resettling. but the first flight scheduled to depart yesterday was canceled. amna nawaz has the story. amna: the plane was ready, the tarmac clear. but the first flight scheduled to take asylum seekers from britn to rwanda yesterday was canceled minutes before takeoff. over 30 people were expected to be transferred under a sweeping new immigration policy. but a ruling by the european commission for human rights halted deportations. sec. patel: these repeated legal barriers. amna: still, in the house of commons today, british home secretary priti patel said the government will press on with their plan. sec. patel: we believe that we are fully compliant with our domestic and international

obligations, and preparations for our future flights and the next flights have already begun. amna: in april, the u.k. and rwanda brokered a deal to send asylum seekers on one-way tickets to the east african nation, where their asylum applications would be processed. proponents say this would deter criminal gangs from trafcking people and stop illegal migration into the u.k., much of it across the english channel. daniel: their argument is that, if people think they're going to be sent 4000 miles away, then they won't even attempt to make the crossing. amna: daniel sohege is an expert on international refugee law and campaign manager for the group love146 u.k., an international human rights organization. he says the policy is in line with the government's post-brexit agenda. daniel: they want to reduce them people coming into the u.k. seeking asylum. and control borders is the line which is used quite often. ever since the brexit referendum, this has been a major, key point for the government. and they have just gradually

increased the hostility of immigration policies. amna: under the new policy, the u.k. has offered rwanda over $150 million to house refugees in facilities like this one, with up to five years of support. rwanda is already home to over 130,000 migrants and refugees. and, yesterday, yolande makolo, a government spokesperson, defended the deal. yolande: we don't think it's immoral to offer a home to people, something that we have done here for more than 30 years. >> shame on you. shame on you. amna: inside the u.k., the issue has divided public opinion. cross-country protests erupted earlier this week, urging the government to drop the deal. activists also worry about rwanda's human rights record. the head of the u.n's refugee agency, filippo grandi, denounced the plan as irresponsible. filippo: i think we have been so clear over the last few weeks that we believe that this is all wrong.

this is all wrong, this deal, for so many different reasons. amna: british prime minister boris johnson says he is standing his ground. pm johnson: but what we're going to get on and do, mr. speaker, is continue to take the tough decisions to take this country forward, and decisions that are on the side of the british people. amna: a july hearing will decide the policy's legality. meanwhile, the fate of many asylum seekers in the u.k. hangs in the balance. for more on this, i'm joined by zoe gardner from the joint council for the welfare of immigrants. her organization is among those representing the potential deportees which eryew'das'y'sle zoe gardner, welcome to the "newshour." and thank you for joining us. so, your group represented two people, i believe, who were on that flight yesterday, as we just reported, canceled within just a few minutes before it was scheduled to take off. take me inside that kind of flurryf case-by-case appeals that unfolded in the last fe days. how did it come down to the last minute like that? zoe: oh, well, it's an extremely

stressful situation, especially, not least, of course, for the refugees themselves and for their family members, some of whom are here in the u.k., who are seeing the people that they want desperately to be reunited with snatched away. the reas why it comes down to the last minute like that is that the government only has to provide notification of a deportation five days before it actual happens. so then they complain that there's all these last-minute legal challenges. but the reality is that people don't have an opportunity before that. and it really does go down to the line very often. amna: so tell me about those two clients. where are they from? why were they in the u.k.? and what would deportation to rwanda have meant for them? zoe: well, one of them's kurdish iraqi, and one of them's a syrian young man. and the syrian man was targeted by the regime in syria. he had to run away at a moment's notice. there's no safe route, no visa

to travel to the u.k. in order to claim asylum. but he has two sisters living here in the u.k. and when my colleague told him about the letter, he was like, i have received this letter. what does it mean? what is it -- what is it telling me about my life? and she said to him, it means you're going to be sent to rwanda. he said to her, what's rwanda? and i think it just takes an incredibly enormous level of callousness not to engage with the humanityf that situation, talking about a refugee who has escaped devastation and war, who has come to our country to seek our protection. and we're proposing to just tear his life away and send him off on a one-way ticket around the world to a country that we can basically bribe economicly because we're so much richer than them to take in the people that we don't want. it's not ok. and it makes the rwandan government, which, by the way, is not a democracy -- it's not a country where political dissent is tolerated. it gives them a propaganda coup. they can say they're partnering with the united kingdom government and they're helping to deal with this issue. and it makes them look good. but it makes us look terrible.

and we really, really shouldn't be engaging in this with any other country, really. the right place for refugees who are trying to get to the u.k. to have their asylum cases heard is here in the u.k. amna: and we should note some refugees, many refugees, are allowed in. i mean, on the one hand, at this moment, you have the u.k. creating what i understand to be a special visa program to welcome people from ukraine who are fleeing war, thousands of people, tens of thousands. and, on the other hand, you have this deportation flight, which consisted, correct me if i'm wrong, mostly of people from iraq and afghanistan and sudan and the u.k. saying, you are not allowed to stay here, you have to go to rwanda to seek asylum. so how does the government answer to something that seems very obviously like a racist double standard? zoe: wl, it absolutely seems to people up and down the u.k. like a racist double standard. and it absolutely is. there's no reply to that. the government set in place a visa, as you say, for rainians to come here. and within five minutes of them putting that online, 100,000 people in the u.k. had volunteered to offer up their homes to welcome people from

ukraine fleeing that war. people fleeing syria, the same bombs -- putin has attacked cities and communities in syria, just as he has in ukraine. but those people have no visa route to come to the u.k. and so they are forced into these desperate journeys that enrich smuggling gangs. and what we need to do is actually introduce safe routes for everybody to have an accessible asylum system for all, because we really welcome the warmth that has been shown to ukrainian refugees. but it isn't right that people from the middle east and from africa and black and brown people are being treated so differently and so poorly. amna: zoe, what's happening politically and culturally in the u.k. right now that would create conditions where this kind of policy is accepted and politicians think that this is the time to push forward with it, as the home secretary says that they will? zoe: the prime minister's position is actually really hanging by a thread right now.

he's been exposed for having broke the law, the laws he made during our lockdown to protect us all from the covid pandemic. heroke the law during his time in office, and then he lied to us about it and said there were no parties, when it turns out there was party after party during lockdown. and, obviously, the faith of the public has just gone way down, in terms of trust in our politicians and trust in the prime minister. and so he's trying to shore up his position, change the conversation, talk about something different. oh, look over there. there's some foreigners. we should blame them for our problems. so i really do hope that the courts will find that this is very clearly against the letter of the refugee convention, and, therefore, that it's illegal. amna: that is zoe gardner from the joint council for the welfare of immigrants joining us tonight. thank you for your time. zoe: thank you. judy: the atlantic hurricane season started june 1, but people in southeast louisiana are still recovering after being

hit last year by one of the strongest hurricanes ever to make landfall in the state. communities correspondent roby chavez went back to visit the rural coastal areas where hurricane ida's 150 mile-per-hour winds left behind a housing crisis. roby: nine months after hurricane ida hit her neighborhood in terrebonne parish, precious shephard still has no electricity. precious: still running a generator, not being able to store food the way i used, eating fast food daily, it's like i'm still living in a storm. roby: after ida, this entire affordable housing complex was deemed uninhabitable and most of shephard's nehbors moved away. precious: it feels like a ghost town. roby: what has kept you here? precious: i actually had nowhere else to go. so, when i came home and seen my unit wasn't as damaged, i was like, well, stay home. roby: and amid a driver shortage, her school bus driving

job was busier than ever. but the single parent's $23,000-a-year salary is hardly enough to cover the daily costs of eating out or the gas-guzzling generator. precious: it only runs about 16 hours before it runs out of gas and have to be filled again. roby: and how much does that gas cost? precious: oh, about $50 to $60. roby: that's per day. in an area with a poverty rate around 15%, ida has haa lasting impact on those who can least afford it, especially when it comes to stable housing. ursula ward stayed here because she feared she couldn't easily access health care elsewhere. ursula: i have heart issues. i have fibromyalgia and i have digestive issues. and i would have to go and try to find those kinds of doctors in a new location all over again. roby: but with most of her neigors gone and no working streetlights, she doesn't feel

safe at night. ursula: it scares me with the darkness back here, and not knowing if nobody's there, and not knowing who's watching me when i'm leaving and coming home. roby: it's unsettling for ward, who lives by herself. do you kind of feel left alone here? ursula: i'm very alone. i cry most of the time. like, right now, i'm starting to get emotional, but i'm trying to not cry right now. but it's just hard. it's just, like, kind of hard to deal with. roby: in hard-hit cocodrie, a coastal fishing village just south of new orleans, heather young, her fiance, her children and grandchildren are among about 8000 louisiana households still in trailers provided by fema and the state. heather: it's been, like, the hardest thing i have ever did and been through, and losing everything. we threw all our clothes, toys, furniture, appliances -- everything had to go.

roby: the family of seven set up camp next to their ravaged home on the water, where young's fiance works as a fisherman. heather: i have never actually seen underneath the tarps. and the other day, i did and i just cried. it's very heartbreaking to see home that. roby: just down the road, cecil lapeyrouse's store has been an anchor of this community for over 100 years. cecil: your biggest item here is gasoline -- gasoline, bait, refreshments. roby: but the store remained close, while 70-year-old lapeyrouse spent his retirement savings on repairs. cecil: it's a lot of work, plus a lot of mental stress. roby: and how much money have you kind of put into the recovery? cecil: i'd want to say close to probably $100,000. close to $100,000. roby: and that's out of pocket cash? cecil: out of pocket. roby: lapeyrouse could not afford insurance. so he says he spent his own money at a time when the

shuttered store brought in no income. but at least, he says, his house is livable. cherakee: we never lived like this before. roby: in raceland, cherakee bradley is making do in a badly damaged home. her mom, who lives next door, says she needs help to fix her home too. cherakee: she wrote a letter to fema. she got denied. and they keep telling her she has insurance, and she doesn't. roby: as for cherakee and her three kids? cherakee: their solution was to find someone to stay with or a relative, or that's it. but who? who? because everybody's suffering right now. roby: fema says it has paid out over $1.2 billion in recovery funds, including more than $700 million for housing assistance. but residents and advocates say it's still not reaching some of the most vulnerable. john: recovery is a very long and difficult process. it takes years. roby: fema federal coordinating

officer john long. john: we can't wave a wand and put things back the way they were. there are unmet needs. there was not enough affordable housing before the disaster. and so, when a hurricane comes and destroys that, it just becomes a very difficult situation. and that's part of why recovery takes so long. roby: what do you say to your own people that said, we are struggling? john: it's always a struggle. and i can't tell you that we dropped any one particular ball. there are a couple of hundred people, just fema people, working to coordinate and make this entire mission work. roby: adding to the difficulty, says lafourche parish administrator mitch orgeron, critical infrastructure still needs to be fixed. mitch: we have some pump stations that were damaged. we need to be able to pump the water when it rains. roby: forecasters expect this to be an above-average hurricane season. and that could mean trouble for

places like coastal louisiana, where so many people are still reeling from hurricane ida. even in non-hurricane storms, heather young feels unsafe in her temporary trailer. heather: if the wind gets too bad, it feels like you're going to flip. roby: so it's shaking? heather: yes, it shakes. if the wind isad, it does. roby: so you don't even stay in there sometimes? heather: no. take the kids, and we will come to the car. we feel safer in there because it don't shake, and in case we'd have to leave. roby: you can just get going. heather: yes. roby: fema warns, nobody should ride out a hurricane in a trailer. john: we make a point of telling people when they move into a fruit fema unit, if the parish tells you to evacuate, evacuate. roby: with so many still in trailers, orgeron says they will have to evacuate almost double the number of people if a hurricane hits lafourche parishh mitcne thath: we ha ave to consider isw do we move those people if we have a hurricane?

certainly can't ride a hurricane out in a camper. it certainly weighs heavy. roby: cecil lapeyrouse's grandfather built his store in 1914. cecil: it's a big adition and it's heritage. that's the big thing of what's making me go and keep going. roby: he finally reopened on memorial day, but he says he simply can't take another destructive hurricane. cecil: i'm not going to try it again. i'm not going to try and redo it again, because, i mean, this is a lot. roby: not doing it. cecil: i wouldn't do it again. roby: commercial crabber chad canezaro, who is still rebuilding his house, told us e same thing. chad: the last three years, i have evacuated seven times for storms, and then ida was the worst, obviously. i'm not sure i can take another one down here, to be honest with you. roby: with so much uncertainty remaining, this hurricane season, the state plans to have extra evacuation shelters due to the high number of people still dealing with unstable housing. for the "pbs newshour," i'm roby chavez in coastal louisiana.

judy: it turns out that the national farmer's bank in owatonna, minnesota, is one of the most significant architectural works in the nation, part of the prairie school of design. kaomi lee of twin cities pbs went to see why this 1908 building on the national register of historic places continues to attract tourists fr around the nation and the world. it's part of our arts and culture series, canvas. kaomi: there is a building in owatonna that looks like a jewel box, arched windows, warm, terra-cotta flourishes, not afraid of color. it's now a wells fargo bank, but it started out under a different name. richard: there is no more significant building in the united states.

this is one of probably the top 10 most important buildings in the whole country. and that is because of louis sullivan. kaomi: sullivan was a brash architect in chicago who was all about anti-establishment architecture. he had some successes and also problems with money and drinking. but sullivan's ideas found a fan in an owatonna banker named carl kent bennett. richard: he came up with it. it is form follows function. in other words, the shape of the building, the form of the building, should grow out of the function of the building. and we have a perfect example of it right here. what is the function? it is a bank for farmers. kaomi: bennett wanted it to be a place farmers would feel at home, not a greco-roman stately building with columns, and that was right up sullivan's alley. richard: this is all about the people. it comes up from the bottom, not down from the top. this was very successful. and it always has been a bank that people loved to bring their money to.

kaomi: sullivan's drinking left much of the work to chief draftsman george grant elmslie. and elmslie's optimism and artistry is everywhere, like in this beautiful art glass. richard: there are two design elements that i think are most interesting in the bank. and one of them is this form, which i see about 20 of in the -- each of the windows. and there are dozens more in the electroliers. they look like this. they have four lobes sticking out. and they actually represent humankind. i think of them as a representation of the human soul. and so what is elmslie doing? he is putting these representations of humanity inside of a growing thing, inside of a plant. so he's showing us the relationship between humans and nature. kaomi: the electroliers are made of terra-cotta. an ode to plant life, they

almost grow from the ceiling. and there's another theme at play. richard: all over the place, you see little boxes inside of other boxes. they're in the windows, in the president's office. we have very complicated boxes within boxes within boxes within boxes. there's like four layers of it. this all grows from an idea called the fourth dimension. kaomi: dimensions of length, width, and height were known. but, at the time, a fourth dimension of space was an exciting theory. it was a metaphor for an expanding consciousness, and it's clear it was on elmslie's mind. though elmslie carried most of the weight, sullivan is not entirely absent. an arched window is reminiscent of sullivan's transportation building in chicago. the bank cost $125,000, a huge sum in 1908. what's extraordinary is that much of the original works remain today. some beautiful original features are gone.

this is a reproduction of one of the iron teller cages, possibly the most revered design element in the entire bank. it would be nearly the last hurrah for sullivan and elmslie together. sullivan fired elmslie the following year in a bitter parting. the bank itself went belly up 18 years later. but even with this disastrous backstory, the building has remained beloved by the community. richard: people have been proud of this bank in owatonna ever since, and they love it. they think of it as their town symbol. it's the most important thing to the world that exists in owatonna. kaomi: for the "pbs newshour," i'm kaomi lee in st. paul. judy: and my apologies. it's owatonna. i mispronounced it when i introduced that story. and that's the "newshour for" tonight. please watch our coverage tomorrow of the january 6

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[ train whistle blows ] ♪♪ >> ♪ get on board, sc road ♪dy to go ♪♪ee w f ♪ from the snowcapped mountains to the sunny coast ♪ ♪ on the great scenic railway journey ♪ ♪♪ >> welcome to "great scenic railway journeys" and our "anniversary special." i'm your host, david holt, and i'm here with the show's creator and producer, robert van camp. >> for the last two decades, dave and ie