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thank you. judy: the nato summit is underway in madrid, an alliance leaders have granted russia is the biggest threat to its peace and security. they also pledged more aid to ukraine as ukrainian president zelenskyy appealed via video link for membership. >> russia needs to be isolated. is it a coincidence that all allies in the east, all of our neighbors are in favor of ukraine's membership in nato? no. this is not a coincidence. judy: we will take a closer look at the nato summit after the news summary. two more people have died in the latest texas migrant smuggling tragedy. that announcement today raised the toll to 53 fatalities out of 67 people, found in a sweltering abandoned truck in san antonio on monday. mexican officials say the truck driver pretended to be one of the survivors in a bid to get

away. wed aveten ueme court aytexas over his claimod t thatn pits in iraq cost him his job as a state trooper. leroy torres says he was exposed to toxic material that caused lung damage. he says he was unable to work and the state violated federal law forcing him out. the court ruled oklahoma may prosecute non-native americans for crimes against tribal members on reservations. earlier decision occurred state authority on tribal lands. the high court's final decisions of this term come tomorrow and just as steep -- and justin stephen breyer's retirement comes official. kentucky brown jackson will be sworn in immediately to replace prior. she will become the first black woman on the court. a french court has convicted all 20 defendants in the 2015 paris terror attacks that killed 130 people.

the only surviving attacker was found guilty of terrorism and murder charges. he got life in prison. one survivor welcomed the end of the trial, even before the verdicts today. >> it is a relief. both because it means that justice has been what it needs to do but it means that this trial is behind me and i can go on with my life. judy: 13 defendants were convicted of aiding in the plot. six others were tried, most are presumed to be dead. in israel, prime minister -- the prime minister announced he will not run in upcoming elections. he led a broad but fragile coalition for just a year before it crumbled. foreign minister -- the foreign minister will head an interim government before the fall election, that is the fifth since 2019. back in this country, r. kelly was sentenced to 30 years in federal prison for sexually

abusing young women, including some who were children. he said nothing in court but tearful accusers told the judge how kelly had prayed on them. after the sentence was imposed, some of them spoke outside. >> care was not a day and my life up until this moment that i actually believed the judicial system would come through for black and brown girls. i stand here very proud of my judicial system, very proud of my fellow survivors and very pleased with the outcome. judy: allegations against kelly had circulated since the 1990's. he was convicted last year of racketeering and sex trafficking. there is word the fbi is investigating alleged sexual abuse by catholic priests in new -- in portland, going back decades. the associated press reports agents are checking whether priests took children across state lines to amount -- to molest them.

an archdiocese is in bankruptcy over abuse claims. tuesday's primary election results where another next bag for trump supporters, and colorado, far right congresswoman laura boebert defeated a mainstream republican challenger. but gop voters rejected indicted county clerk tina peters in her bid to be the chief's state elections officer. in new york, kathy hochul easily won her primary. she faces a republican congressman in november. on wall street, stocks struggled to make any headway. the dow jones industrial 82 points to close at 31,029. the nasdaq edged down three points, the s&p 500 slipped two. in the last surviving medal of honor recipient from world war ii has died. in 1945, herschel woody williams single-handedly wiped out a series of japanese machine guns

on a low dema. williams died tod at a veterans affairs hospital named for him in west virginia. he was 98 years old. still to come on the newshour, a lack of adequate mental health care across the country. -- places a heavy burden on younpeople. democrats push president biden to take executive action on abortion rights. climate change forces major lifestyle changes high in the himalayan mountains. plus much more. >> this is the pbs newshour from -- >> this is the pbs newshour from weta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. judy: today in madrid, nato's 30 leaders officially invited finland and sweden to become members and released a new strategic vision that called russia the alliance's most significant threat. meanwhile the u.s. announced it would deploy thousands of

additional troops to europe. nick schifrin reports now from madrid. nick: they arrived in europe as europe faces war, the leaders of the world's largest military alliance, today celebrated what they see as a coalition, renewed. president biden: the united states and our allies, we're going to step up, we're stepping up. we're proving that nato is more needed now than it ever has been. nick: in a meeting with secretary-general jens stoltenberg, president biden announced new u.s. military deploynts. including more f-35's to the u.k., more ships to spain, additional air defenses to germany and italy. a brigade combat team of more more -- of more than 3000 troops to romania. and in poland for the first time since the cold war, the u.s. will create a u.s. base in eastern europe. >> people scoff at having headquarters, but it's the headquarters which allow you to bring in and add things, whether it's u.s. or allies or joint forces. nick: ben hodges is the former

commander of us army europe. i spoke to him from the summit's media center. and why is the word permanent so symbolically important? >> well, that tells our allies that we're not leaving. and it also tells the russians that we're not leaving. nick: the new u.s. troops in romania, highlight growing concern about russian inroads in southeast europe. >> the black sea region has been lacking attention for decades. all of the frozen conflicts are in the black sea region from georgia to transnistria. russia has established sort of a new iron curtain between nato and non-nato countries. romania is the center of gravity for us in the black sea region it is the place from which we can project power and conduct operations best in the black sea region. [7.8] >> today leaders have endorsed nato's new strategic concept. nick: nato today also adopt a new, long-term strategy. the last strategy, in 2010, said "we want to see a true strategic partnership between nato and russia."

the new document calls russia the most significant and direct threat to ally's security. and for the first time, cites china. >> china's coercive policies challenge our interests, security, and values. president biden: i want to particularly thank you for what you did putting together the situation with regard to finland and sweden nick: on the summit's sidelines, president biden praised turkish president recep tayyip erdogan for lifting his objection to finland and sweden joining nato. the u.s. says that deal had nothing to do with turkiye's desire to purchase new american f-16 fighter jets. but today the administration for the first time publicly enrsing turkiye's desire to modernize its jets, despite congressional resistance. if russian president vladimir putin is feeling the heat from a reinvigorated nato, he chose today to rally his own friends, including iran and 3 central asian, former soviet states. russia and the west continue to take new, confrontational steps. today stoltenberg denied it was a new cold war, but he vowed in

ukraine, the west would not blink. >> ukraine can count on us for as long as it takes. nick: stoltenberg was describing the message nato gave to president zelenskyy during a meeting today. a message that zelenskyy delivered to nato? he was not happy that ukraine is waiting for an official invitation 14 years after nato first promised it. he told leaders "nato's open-door policy should not resemble the old kyiv metro turnstiles, they are open, and when you approach, the turnstiles close until you pay. doesn't ukraine paid enough?" compared to the 14 years ukraine has been waiting, finland and sweden are expected to join in a matter of months. judy? judy: meantime, tell us about the steps nato and turkiye took today after this deal that turkiye agreed to to let finland

and sweden joint? judy: plato leaders officially invited finland and sweden to join the alliance. that was seen as a formality. turkiye took a step, referring to the deal's claws that there were possible extraditions. turkish officials demanded sweden and finland extradite kurds that turkey claims are terrorists. some of them are actually journalists who fled turkiye for fear of their lives. reporters asked the finnish president in swedish prime minister about turkiye's demand. those leaders dismissed them, saying that questions of extradition were up to the courts. it is not clear what turkey is going to do if its demands continue to not be met. judy: we will certainly be -- it will be worth watching what happens there. what about the u.s. announcements today? how do they fit in with what we were discussing last night, which is nato planning to fortify its eastern flank? nick: as we were talking about,

nato will send more troops to the baltics. about 1000 troops. more than 3000 troops. the u.s. will contribute to those increased nato brigades, even as the us base in poland and brigade in romania are exclusively us. separately, nato will be dramatically increasing the number of troops on high alert, from 40,000 to 300,000. the u.s. will participate in that with preassigned american troops staying in the u.s., but able to deploy at a rapid level, and also with preassigned equipment on the eastern flank that those troops will be able to use if they have to deploy. judy: last thing, tell us how russia is responding to these announcements today by president biden about additional troops, u.s. troops, in europe? nick: russia deputy foreign minister sergey ryabkov said the u.s. was under the "illusion" it

would be able to intimidate and restrain russia. it will not succeed. nato officials here say it is russia who is trying to intimidate and restrain nato. eastern european officials have long wanted the u.s. and western europe to see russian threats as empty. the senior u.s. officials i spoke with still fear some kind of exclamation. for now, they are willing to take steps to bolster european security that they have not taken in decades. judy: all right, nick schifrin, reporting for us from the nato mmit in madrid. thank you, nick. nick: thank you. judy: yesterday's remarkable testimony from former white house aide cassidy hutchinson painted an incriminating picture of former president donald trump's actions on and leading

up to the events of january 6th. hutchinson's testimony outlined how the former president knew that many in the crowd on january 6th were armed with weapons and wanted the metal detectors, or magnetometers, known as mags, to be removed so more of his supporters could attend his speech. but at that rally he still encouraged them to "fight like hell" and marched to the capitol. >> i was in the vicinity of a conversation where i overheard the president say something to the effect of, you know, i don't effing care that they have weapons. they are not here to hurt me. take the effing mags away, let my people in. they can march to the capitol from here. let the people in, take the effing mags away. judy: all of this raises more questions about possible criminal charges and other consequences for the former president and his inner circle. to help us better understand the legal implications, i am joined by attorney and former watergate

prosecutor, jill wine-banks. welcome back. so much emerged from that testimony. a lot of it was not just new, but shocking. how do we distinguish between what is interesting and what just leaves us hardly believing what we are hearing, and what is truly a potential legal violation? jill: i think her testimony was one series of elements of crime after another. she laid out a lot of things, not just against the former president, but against her boss, mark meadows, and many others. the crimes she spelled out were obstruction of cgress, inciting a riot or insurrection. she also played out a possibility for conspiracy, and conspiracy to defraud the u.s. those are among the crimes she talked about. we already have state crimes,

the -- the call the former president made to georgia is another crime. all of her testimony was relevant to many of the aspects. the part you just mentioned about him knowing that his supporters were armed, but they were carrying rifles, ak-47's, glock pistols, brass knuckles, and that, knowing that, said "go to the capitol, fight like hell, you have to do it or we won't have a democracy left." doing it could have endangered a democracy. and he knew that they were violent. he is responsible for it, and i think she really laid that out. she also linked the white house to mark meadows, to the meeting that was at the willard hotel, talking about the fey collector slates and pressuring pens and pressuring the state legislatures to take action, to

undo their confirmed votes. she laid out a lot of crime and a lot of evidence and was very credible. some of her testimony is now -- it may be challenged, but until they testify under oath, her testimony is the only one under oath. secret service saying there is some dispute about her saying what she heard, people who were in the car after his rally speech say, is what is being challenged. they are not sitting and under oath. until they do, hers is the one that is under oath. judy: let me take those one at a time. what we heard her say about the president knowing that these people attending the rally, many of them were armed, encouraging them to go to the capitol, is that in and of itself a violation of law, whether it is obstruction of justice or an attack on democracy? jill: it could be both. it can be an obstruction of

congressecause the intent of getting the crowd there was to prevent congress from taking and opening the ballot and counting them. that is what the electoral college act says. that is whathe constitution gives the responsibility to the vice president. his only responsibility is ceremonial. he is to open the envelopes the states have confirmed and sent. that is all he does. then the ballots are counted. the crowd was intended to, and it of course actually disrupted it. fortunately, only temporarily, because the vi president did not leave the capitol. and neither did the members of congress who were threatened by this violent mob. but they came back and they did their job, working late into the night. once it starts, it cannot be adjourned, according to the law. they did the right thing staying. that is very important to keep in mind. that is one crime. but it is also a threat to

democracy if we don't count the votes as they were cast. if we turn it back to the states and say, i did not like that vote, so i am going to appoint a different slate of electors, that would be the end of democracy. judy: is there any one thg she said that in and of itself could provide enough information, enough evidence, to prove that the law was violated? jill: i think you have to be realistic and say one person against another is never going to make a case. but here, we have her testimony and many others. we have heard days now after testimony before, in public, from the committee where republicans have come forward saying this is what i know, this is what i was asked to do. we heard rusty bowers from arizona. we have heard all of these people say things and the combination makes it what is a

crime. i don't know you can take any one thing that could be rebutted, certainly him saying, i don't care about them being armed. they are not out to hurt me. that certainly means they knew that they were out to hurt someone and he did not care, because it was not him. it is always about him. i think that is one of the most damaging things that she personally heard him say, was "i don't care, i want them here, they can march to the capitol from here." knowing they were armed. that, to me, is probably a violation of the most important law, which is one that says if you ever are involved in an insurrection, you can never run for office again. if you have taken an oath to the united states, then engage in an insurrection. and that pretty much would establish it. but not on its own. judy: in a little bit of time that we have left, the

statement, the hearsay, she overheard the chief of staff saying to pat cipollone, the white house counsel, that you know the president agrees that the vice president deserves what the crowd is chanting. "hang mike pence." could that in any way lead to criminal charges? jill: in order to be tried and used in court, it has to either be within any exception to the hearsay rule. you cannot in a trial say i heard somebody else say that they heard somebody say. but a lot those do fall with the exception of statements against interest. it might be invisible. it does point to how important getting mark meadows to testify is. he is really a key factor here. and pat simply owning, i cannot believe that they have not been subpoenaed, have not come into

testify. this 25-year-old aid is the one who was advising her boss, don't go to the meeting at the willard hotel, that is not a good idea. she was the adult in the room. but it is really important that pat simply owning could be the next john d. let him come forward. judy: we know the committee is trying to get other individuals to testify. jill wine-banks, we thank you. jill: thank you. it has been a pleasure. judy: last december, the u.s. surgeon general issued a rare public advisory warning of a "devastating mental health crisis among american teens." symptoms of depression and anxiety for children and adolescents have doubled during the covid-19 pandemic. but special correspondent cat

wise reports on why accessing mental health treatment is so difficult for so many. and a warning, these next segments include explicit references to suicide. >> my name is chelsea. i'm with youth village's mobile crisis. i'm just going to ask you some questions, okay? have you ever tried to hurt yourself? >> any self harm like cutting, burning or scratching? cat: for the counselors at this youth crisis hotline in knoxville, tennessee, it is a busy morning during another busy week. the hotline averages more than a thousand calls a month. >> how often does this behavior occur? cat: it is run by youth villages, a nonprofit founded in 1986 that works with children who have serious emotional, mental and behavioral issues in 23 states. >> 911 called us about some concerns.

i just want to make sure you are ok. >> have the homicidal threats been, since all this happened, or was that prior? cat:aquel shutze is the organization's program director for crisis services in tennessee. >> this past fiscal year has been our highest on record. kids are hurting. families are struggling. and our community is having trouble meeting the need. cat: that need, which was already growing prior to the pandemic, is hitting families across the nation. 70% of u.s. counties don't have a child psychiatrist. in more than 60% of youth who report having seve major depression are not receiving any mental health treatment. >> i didn't know where to go. i didn't know who to call. when she tried to hurt herself, i took her to the hospital. it was all i knew to do. cat: peggy patrick has been caring for her 16 year-old granddaughter jackie since she was a baby in the rural town of new tazewell, tennessee.

she says around the age of 12 jackie started changing from an outgoing and friendly child to withdrawn and often depressed. >> i thought, hormones. and i even told her that. guess i tried to convince her that this was a phase. cat: was there a moment you can recall when, you know, you thought that we need some help here? this is not normal. >> i do. she started cutting herself. she attempted suicide. and when she would attempt suicide, of course, i'd take her to the hospital. cat: jackie's story is unfortunately becoming more common nationwide. emergency room visits for suspected suicide attempts are up 51% for adolescent girls since 2019 and one in three high school students report having

persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness. cat: has it been difficult to find mental health help for jackie? >> good mental health, yes. it's been hard. i had a list of people that i thought would help her. a lot of them was too far away for us. we couldn't get there. a lot of them wouldn't take the insurance. i mean, you're helpless. cat: over the last four years the family struggled to find a consistent therapist for jackie. most were nearly an hour away by car. and treatment options in the area are limited for teenagers and often can be difficult to access. jackie told us she once waited a month for a bed to open in long-term inpatient facility. nationally, the number of residential treatment facilities for youth has fallen by 30 -- 30% since 2012.

i am a very bad over thinker. so i'm all the time thinking of worse scenarios that could go wrong, and how things might just just end badly in any way possible. cat: jackie says she is speaking out about her mental health in hopes of helping other teenagers. >> i was always bullied as a kid. i don't have many friends now as it is. i never got invited to do stuff with my friends, you know, even if they did consider me as a friend, i didn't get invited to go hang out that weekend or to or to go to the pool, to the park or anything like that. so i kind have like a fear of missing out. and also there was always the stigma of like, you know, on tiktok and stuff like that. there's the pretty girl image. and i feel like that takes a toll on a lot of people. cat: can you tell me about sort of what happened in those days? >> well, either i ended up in me self-harming or me trying to kill myself again. and those are very scary times. cat: how many times did you attempt suicide? >> probably about four.

cat: after her most recent attempt earlier this year, jackie was connected to a youth villages crisis team. she was then placed into what's known as their intercept program, and paired with family intervention specialist samantha davis mize. >> i'm going to let you be the driver on this one. >> to think i want to make it my happy place. cat: every day davis mize visits families like jackie's across this sprawling section of east tennessee. >> meeting jackie for the first time and just sitting with her, she looked like she had been on a long journey. she was tired, and she was crying out for hey, i need help. cat: youth villages says the intercept program works with about 11,000 families in more than a dozen states. >> i had psychoeducation on trauma responses with the family. cat: the goal? to bring mental health services directly to the homes of

families who need it most. these services include visits three times a week from specialists like davis mize and regular consultations with not only at-risk youth but also parents and guardians. >> a lot of parents have never had to deal with this before. this is new. cat: sidney earle is a clinical supervisor for the intercept program. >> we work with a family in their home right where they're comfortable and identifying the root of whatever the problems may be and figuring out how to collaboratively solve those together. cat: one of the first steps for families, locking everything up in their homes that could be potentially dangerous. so this is your lockbox? >> yeah. everything i need is all down in here. when i need to peel the potatoes or get a pair of scissors i have to unlock the box. i have another one over there. it has got some stuff in it. cat: peggy patrick admits this

initially felt a little bit invasive. >> but it's worth it. it's worth it to keep your kids safe. >> is he currently safe right now? cat: youth villages funds its crisis hotline through the tennessee department of mental health. and for many families like jackie's committees intensive in home services are funded through the state's medicaid program. today, jackie says the help has come at a crucial moment and that her mental health is now in a far better place. >> eventually i gave myself the opportunity to say i want to -- i want help. and i feel like i finally opened my eyes and said that i wanted something better for me and i wanted a better life for me. cat: jackie says she is also speaking out to help parents and guardians know how to talk to their kids about mental health. >> i feel like every parent needs to listen to their kid extensively. i feel like a big question that needs to be asked is, are you really ok? not, are you doing ok or is

there anything i can do for you? no, are you really ok? i think that more parents need to have a sit down conversation with their kid and make it known that they care and that they're there to listen. cat: advice that now seems more urgent than ever. for the pbs newshour im cat wise -- i am cap wise in tas well tennessee. judy: so powerful to listen to that. let's pick up on one part of how people can get help. a new national mental health hotline will launch next month. like 911, the hotline will be available i dialing three digits, 988, an equivalent hotline for mental health services. but as stephanie sy reports, some experts are concerned about whether the hotline is ready for primetime. stephanie: judy, the idea behind 988 is to connect people in a mental health crisis to experts trained in how to respond. and while it is an opportunity to get people the help they need, with less than a month to go before its launch, a recent national survey found many agencies at the state and local

level don't feel prepared for it. for a closer look at these concerns, i joined by bob am gebbia, ceo of the american foundation for suicide prevention. thank you for joining the newshour. this hotline is not explicitly for suicide prevention, but when a person gets to that point, they may need tourn immediately to this kind of resource. what do you hope 988 will do? bob: we are excited about the potential 988 has for bringing attention to this need. it is a big need for crisis response. many people who struggle are not calling for help. and many, half of those who died by suicide are not in any treatment at the time of their death. this is a way to close that gap. we want the public to know it is available. we are very excited about the potential it has. bob: since 2005, there has been

this national suicide prevention lifeline already. how has that been working out and what kind of challenges has it had in failing to may be on its promise? bob: you have to look at it historically. prices services have been undervalued and underfunded. when the lifeline was sent out, it did not receive anywhere near the funding it needed to meet what has been a dramatic increase in demand since it was set up. so again, this is an opportunity to increase that funding. the thing about it that's that's really helpful is two things. one, it's easy to remember. so it's the equivalent of 911 for medical emergencies. and now we have something that people can easily call and easily remember when they're struggling with their mental health. but second, it really provides an opportunity to really invest for the first time in crisis services, not just the call capacity, which has to be

invested in or else people will not get their response that they need. but it also allows us to really rethink what happens when there's an in-person response, when someone is in real emergency and needs someone there. stephanie: but bob, let's talk about that call capacity because that survey i mentioned, the rand corporation did a survey last year that found that although the government has allocated around $282 million to strengthen network operations, to strengthen local crisis call capacity, states and localities responded in that survey that they don't feel prepared. so what is the problem? bob: yeah, well, i think it's going to take some time. there is a system and it works. it needs to be improved dramatically, especially as more people learn of 988. we do anticipate an increase in volume. but i think the most important thing now is to get those investments. about four states out of all of

the states have approved tacking fees on to telecom bills, which the legislation, the federal legislation alws. about another nine have found and found other state funding sources and approved those. and about a dozen or so are now looking at legislation. so it's moving, but it's moving far too slowly at the state level. only half have really invested in and we think that the fees are a great way. it's a few pennies per person on the telecom bills that would go to support and sustain and increase crisis services in the local centers. but a federal government has a role to and they need to continue to put funding in for building that capacity. stephanie: what other concerns might you have? 988 is supposed to rollout on july 16. that's less than a month. what other concerns do you have as they roll this out about capacity? because the new york times did an analysis that found that 17%

of callers to the national suicide prevention lifeline last year actually hung up while they were waiting. is that of great concern to you at this point as this rolls out? bob: wait times should be going down, not going up. the way the system works is when a caller calls the current lifeline, what happens is they are routed to the closest crisis center, a local crisis center to their call. when that center does not answer, it rolls over to backup centers. we need to make sure we build out the system that the backup centers have the capacity, so that call time, wait time, does not increase and calls don't get dropped and people don't hang up, because they can't get their response. the worst thing is when people take that brave step. you struggling with your mental

health, it takes a lot to step forward and to call. we want to make sure when people call, they get connected and they get help. the other thing i am concerned about is to make sure as we invest in the capacity, that we also change crisis response. it has been built around law enforcement responding. law enforcement was never trained or prepared to do this. it was a defect to arrangement when you call 911, you get a law enforcement response. we need to change that to mobile crisis teams, trained mental health professionals, coordination between 911 and 988 in the future so that calls can be transferred to 988 if that is the appropriate response. and make sure when there is an in person response, which is the exception, most can be resolved over the phone, but when it is needed, that it is a trained mental health response. and people also go to respite centers rather than to emergency departments where they can wait

for hours and even days without getting any mental health care. . that system is not prepared either. there is a lot resting on this. it can be life-changing and lifesaving if it is done properly. stephanie: bob gebbia, ceo of the american foundation for suicide prevention, thank you so much for joining the newshour. bob: my pleasure to be with you. thank you. judy: president biden promised to do everything in his power to protect abortion access after the supreme court overturned roe v. wade. in the days since that historic ruling, pressure from democrats in congress and from outside advocates has been mounting on the president to take executive action, as some states move to restrict and ban the procedure. to help us understand what choices president biden has, and what comes next, i joined by our am white house correspondent

laura barron-lopez. you have been spending time looking at this. we know the president's options are limited. they are not endless. he is getting this pressure from democrats in congress. give us a sense of what they are pushing him to do and what is realistic? laura: the presint is a broad, but he is facing so much pressure to act quickly and to get creative about what kind of proposalhe could do unilaterally. i want to just run through the executive action proposals the president is being pushed to take, and which ones he may not the first is providing abortions on federal property. that is something the white house has said it is not considering at this point. they really don't want to go that route because a white house official told me it could put women and providers at risk of criminal liability, especially if a republican president comes into power after biden. the next one, declared public health emergency. that is something a number of

black congresswomen have been pushing the president to do. they think it could free up a lot of resources and improve coordination across federal -- from federal to state, to private and public health care. the white house has not said either way. next, expand access on military bases. that is something that general austin has actually said that they cannot do. there are a lot of limitations with the lot right now. that is not something that the white house will be considering. increase access to medication abortion. this is a big one. something that could impact the most people across the country. that would require the fda to preempt state law, that they have the power to do that under the constitution to provide these abortion pills. it also would require them to drop one of their final restrictions, which makes pharmacies obtain a license to

distribute the drug. finally, medicaid funding for interstate travel. what is key here is that it is funding for traveling, not for the procedure itself. that would require hhs to direct that ability for people to have that funding if they travel across state lines. judy: these are all of the things these different promoters of doing something are talking to the white house about. you are finding in your reporting that there is a growing divide among these groups and advocates about what to push. laura: there are a number of progressive lawmakers, senator elizabeth warren in massachusetts, ayanna pressley of massachusetts as well, but they are really pushing the president to get as creative as possible and push the envelope. i spoke to the president of naral pro-choice america, and she had this to say about the frustration we are hearing from a number of democrats. >> i understand the frustration.

we share it. but i also think the intention needs to be paid elsewhere. i think there are limitations to what the executive branch can do. now that the supreme court has banned abortion, has overturned row, the fights really are in the states. laura: she said she is not necessarily endorsing a cautious approach, but that so far, she thinks the white house is doing what it means to do in order to get ready for potential executive actions. i was talking to a number of law professors who advised the white house and one of them said yes, the president's heart is in the right place but he was surprised the white housdid not have executive actions or a game plan right off the bat when the decision came down. because everyone had been expecting the supreme court to rule this way. judy: that is interesting. we know at the end of the day, the supreme court ruled, the

president cannot turn this decision around, and he is dealing with a congress right now because of the numbers in both the house and the senate where the votes are not there to make major changes on abortion. how much of what the white house is looking at has to do with the midterm elections and seeing with the next congress looks like? laura: a white house official told me today the president is being straight with the american public, that he is trying to tell the truth about what is realistic and what is not realistic. when the president addressed the nation after the supreme court decision, this is how he framed it. president biden: we need to restore the protections of row as law of the land. we need to elect officials who will do that. this fall, roe is on the ballot. personal freedoms are on the ballot. laura: you heard the president say that it is all about the midterm elections. the white house is stressing that point.

every official you talk to says ultimately, if voters do not elect more democrats to the senate, then reversing what the supreme court did is not possible. judy: we are hearing the vice president put that message out as well right now. laura barron-lopez, thank you very much. laura: thank you. judy: research published last year in the journal of scientific reports shows the massive himalayan glaciers have shrunk ten times faster over the past four decades than during the previous seven centuries. this threatens agriculture and the water supply for millions of people across south asia. fred de sam lazaro reports on one project aimed at blunting the environmental impact, at least for some communities high in the himalayas.

it's part of fred's series agents for change and is produced in partnership with the pulitzer center. fred: it is spring planting time in india's ladakh region, tough rocky terrain plowed by farmers aand the beasts they coax forward in song. a cross species between oxen and yaks. this group of families tilling the land are among a dwindling rural population along this 300 mile stretch of the tibetan plateau. some 13,000 feet above sea level. all around them are terraced fields that were once cultivated, their neighbors having migrated in recent years to cities in search of work, driven increasingly by unpredictable weather. water is an ever present worry, says 42-year-old jigmet chozeng. >> the water comes from that glacier, it has to be divided among many people, it was not

reaching us down here. fred: this mountainous region is one of the driest places on earth. historically, rainfall averages just three inches per year. people here have depended on water trickling down from mountain glaciers to nourish -- mountain glaciers, but in recent decades, those glaciers have been shrinking and weather patterns have become erratic. many scientists predict that those glaciers could disappear altogether by the end of this century. >> we are the first victims at the frontier. fred: sonam wangchuk, a local educator and environmentalist, came up with one solution called ice stupas, that provide water in early spring. >> some would call it artificial baby glaciers. fred: in may, he took me up to see one of these structures named for their resemblance to the buddhist monuments that dot the landscape. it's not so much about a shortage of water, he says. it's about controlling when it

flows. >> there's not enough when you need it, there's too much when you don't. so it's an issue of optimization. fred: about nine years ago, wangchuk and his students came up with the idea to store water by freezing it during the cold months. their first challenge, to keep it frozen and slow the pace at which it would normally melt. a problem solved by the conical stupa shape built on a foundation of brush and branches to help freeze the water more quickly. >> these shapes have low surface area, means the sun doesn't get enough surface area to melted. we're sort of cheating the sun. >> supposed there is a mountain range like we are in. fred: wangchuk is an engineer by training but says this is not rocket science. no pumps, no electric power, just basic physics and geometry. >> so upstream somewhere here, you put a pipe and then bring it downstream to where you need. when water enters this pipe, it goes down and wants to go up and

up and up to this level. then it splashes the water in the air. it falls down and freezes. fred: he says the stupas can reach heights of up to 160 feet and store several million gallons of water. starting in april and may, it begins to melt, swelling the streams, irrigating farms and helping green the landscape. >> after the ice stupa was placed here three years ago, everyone gets equal water. it's good for the crops. fred: are you living happily ever after in this area in terms of the glaciers disappearing? >> not at all. (laughing) we -- not at all. we consider these very humble, insignificant, tweakings compared to what we are going to face. fred: they are a short-term solution, he says. and the lack

of reliable water supply is not the only problem caused by climate change. glacial water is being replaced by rain, falling over land that cannot absorb it fast enough with disastrous consequences. >> 2006, there was a big flash flood. and i asked the casual elderly man, when did you see last time such a devastating flash flood? he said, i don't remember. not in my lifetime. and you know what? the next one was in 2010. and with much more fierce devastation. the next after that was 2012, 2015, 2017. fred: the 2010 cloudburst alone brought 14 inches in 2 hours, killing more than 200 people and causing widespread damage. >> we need to think of even the years after wagers. and to prepare for that, we need

to sow seeds today, which we have gathered here today. fred: wangchuk has helped spearhead an effort to plant indigenous trees to help contain flooding. the implications of changing climate patterns spread far beyond these mountains, which are the source of the indus, ganges and brahmaputra river systems that support the livelihood of some 129 million farmers across of region of nearly a billioneople. the future will be marked by uncertainty, says water expert himanshu thakkar. >> there are times when there is suddenly heavy rainfall or snowfall, and then there are other times when there is a much drier periods. longer, drier periods. we don't know whether the higher rainfall will compensate the glacier melted, to what extent it will do. so, it will depend. so, these are big question marks, to what extent the water flow will reduce? fred: the anxiety over water flow has even fueled some resistance to the ice stupas.

tsering motup, leader in the village of phey, got authorities to stop one greening project that would have been fed by a stupa, complaining that the water diversion would come at the expense of his community, which is further down the mountain. >> these trees would grow big taking the water in june and july and our firms would be dry. it would have been vy difficult for the villages below . >> so whenever there is a diversion, there is resistance. but the only problem is that in this case, the diversion happens in winter, when nobody uses water. but it will take some time for people to get used to the idea that we are just storing the water now for use in the summer. fred: and it's not just people here who must embrace new ideas, he adds. >> the bigger solution is in the hands of people perhaps watching

this show, whose lifestyle in big cities like new york or new delhi, is causing climate change. our call should become an sos call for the bigger world out there. it's because of their activities that we suffer, for no fault of ours. fred: he invokes a plea once used by mahatma gandhi, live simply, wangchuk says, so we may simply live. for the pbs newshour, i am fred de sam lazaro in ladakh india. judy: an sos call to all of us here. fred's reporting is a partnership with the under-told stories project at the university of st. thomas in minnesota. that is the newshour for tonight. i am judy woodruff. join us online and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, please stay

safe and we'll see you soon. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.] >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> 25 years, consumer cellular goal has been to provide wireless service that helps people communicate and connect. we offer a variety of plans and our u.s.-based customer service team can help you find one that fits you. to visit -- to learn more, visit consumercellular.com. >> the ford foundation, working with visionaries on the front lines of social change worldwide. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions.

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hello, everyone. welcome to "amanpour & company." here's what's coming up. >> this is indeed terrorism. we cannot call this any other name. >> a shopping center filled with women and children. russia's latest civilian target in ukraine. and as the death toll and suffering there grow, the first lady of ukraine joins me for a rare interview. then -- the nato summit declares russia its greatest threat. former deputy nato commander joins me up on the beefed up posture for the future. >> when we look back to the '50s and '60s, there was a vibrant movement among clergy to assist women to get abortions. >> what