[speaking foreign language] judy: >>, i'm judy woodruff. a blistering heat wave hangs over california, straining the power grid and raising the alarm about climate change. then, vote 2022. the closest senate races ahead of the november election as republicans and democrats battle for control of congress. and, the invasion's impact. ukrainian holocaust survivors are forced to flee war once again, as russian attacks grind on. >> if you had asked us a year ago if we thought that there would be a evacuation of holocaust survivors from the ukraine to germany, we would have laughed.

no one would have imagined it. judy: all that and more on tonight's "pbs newshour." ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- ♪ >> moving. bnsf, the engine that connect us. >> efl. -- cfo. caregiver. eclipse chaser.

raymondjames taylor's advice to help you live your life. life well planned. >> the walton family foundation, working for solutions to protect water during climate change so people and nature can thrive together. supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation, committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at macfound. org. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. ♪ this program was made possible byhe corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. stephanie: i'm stephanie sy with newshour west. we'll return to the full program after the latest headlines.

this has been another scorching day across much of the american west. utility operators in california issued a new statewide alert, urging consumers to conserve electricity. the state avoided blackouts on tuesday, despite energy demands hitting an all-time high. we'll take a closer look, right after the news summary. in saskatchewan, canada, the final suspect in the deaths of 10 people has died of self-inflicted wounds. the suect had disappeared after sunday's attacks at the cree nation reserve and the village of weldo in saskatchewan, that also wounded 18. his younger brother damien, also a suspect, was found dead earlier this week, at the reserve. russia's president vladimir putin is defying pressure to halt the war in ukraine, and insisting moscow will forge ahead. he spoke today at a forum in vladivostok, and mocked western sanctions. instead, he said russia's

economy has weathered the worst. >> i am sure that we have not lost anything, and will not lose anything. when it comes to the gains, i can say that the main one is the strengthening of our sovereignty. everything that keeps us from moving forward will be abandoned. we will gain momentum, as will the pace of development. stephanie: putin also threatened to cut off energy supplies to europe if the european union imposes a price cap on russian natural gas. meanwhile, in ukraine, shelling resumed near the russian-controlled zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant. the u.n. nuclear agency called tuesday for a protection zone around the site. on the pandemic, the world health organization reports new covid infections fell % worldwide last week. but in china, 65 million people are now under lockdowns as the government enforces its zero-covid policy. that includes 21 million in chengdu, where authorities kept people in their apartments, even

during an earthquake on monday. back in this country, a michigan judge ruled today that a 1931 state law criminalizing most abortions is unconstitutional. that decision upholds a previous order barring the enforcement of the law. the ruling comes as the michigan supreme court must decide by friday whether to place a proposed amendment on the november 8th ballot that would add abortion rights to the state consitution. the governor's race is set in massachusetts, after another primary win by a trump-endorsed candidate. geoff deel defeated a more moderate republican on tuesday, and will face democrat maura healey in november. healey is favored to flip the seat in favor of democrats, and become the state's first openly gay governor and the first woman elected to the office. the obamas were back in the white house today to unveil their official portraits. the former president and first lady pulled back coverings to

show their likenesses, and michelle obama appeared to tie the ceremony to former president trump's rejection of the 2020 election results. >> traditions like this matter. not just for those of us who hold these positions but for everyone participating in and watching our democracy. you see the people, they make their voices heard, they vote, we hold an inauguration to ensure a peaceful transition of power. stephanie: former president obama's portrait is by robert mccurdy. mrs. obama'was painted by sharon sprung. public schools in seattle canceled their first day of school today in the face of a teachers' strike. the walkout centers on demands for higher pay, mental health support, and better teacher-pupil staffing ratios for special education. contract negotiations are continuing, as school administrators announced schools will remain closed on thursday. and, former npr foreign correspondent anne garrels has

died after fighting lung cancer. she joined npr in 1988 after working for abc and nbc news. over the years, she covered conflicts in chechnya, bosnia, afghanistan, and the middle east, and she was one of a handful of western journalists who reported live from baghdad during the 2003 iraq war. anne garrels was 71 years old. still to come on the "newshour," tennis legend chris evert reflects on her career and her battle with ovarian cancer. holocaust survivors, fleeing russia's invasion of ukrain find safe harbor in an unexpected place. the smithsonian institution and the u.s. ay join forces to save art around the world. and much more. ♪ >> this is the pbs newour from wbt a studios in washington and in the west, from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university.

judy: the record-setting heat wave of the past few days has pushed california to the brink, with the state facing its highest chance of rolling blackouts this year. stephanie sy has the latest. stephanie: another searing day, baking california. the state 's power grid operator urged residents to conserve energy for an eighth day straight. demand for electricity last night broke a golden state record, threatening widespread power losses and rolling blackouts that were narrowly avoided. residents found shade wherever they could get it. >> so i think a lot of people are using the air conditioner, and using, like, fans, you know, everything to try to keep, you know, cool. >> we seem to always just make it through. we have our little tricks to keep cool. everybody does. stephanie: at the orange county zoo, zookeepers gave animals blocks of ice to stay cool. temperatures surpassed 110 degrees in many parts of the state this week. sacramento reached a 97-year high, at 116.

earlier this month, california's death valley set a new record at 127 degrees. it was the planet's hottest recorded september day. scientists say climate change has fueled these more intense, longer summers, and led to more frequent, raging wildfires. the sprawling fairview fire outside los angeles broke out this week, and is only 5% contained. >> the risk for outages is real, and it's immediate. stephanie: last night, governor gavin newsom urged people to save power, and spoke of a brutal month to come. >> this heat wave is on track to be both e hottest and the longest on record for the state and many parts of the west for the month of september. stephanie: indeed, other parts of the west are under the heat dome, including salt lake city, utah, which recorded its hottest september day since the late 19th century this week, and

alarmingly low water levels at the great salt lake. temperaturesay not moderate in many places until friday. let's focus on the concern over potential outages in california, the energy grid, and what's being done to deal with the demands of the moment. for that, i'm joined by catherine blunt, who covers renewable energy and utilities at the wall street journal. she's also the author of the new book, "california burning: the fall of pacific gas and electric and what it means for america's power grid." katherine blunt, thank you so much for joining the news hour. i was reading, younow, that last night, california's office of emergency services actually sent out an urgent text message telling electricity customers they needed to conserve energy now, or risk outages. are those kinds of alerts working to manage demand, and are they enough to prevent the power grid from faltering? >> well, i think that's it. that's the million dollar question. and there was a lot of voluntary conservation last

night, which certainly helped the situation from going over the edge, but it was very close. the grid operator called a certain level of an emergency that was just, you know, hairs away from rolling out. that helped but i'm watching the rest of the week. stephanie: yeah, california seems to have an energy crisis every summer. why is that, catherine? haven't there been improvements made to make the grid more reliable and resilient? there were numerous rolling blackouts that we saw in 2020. have things improved? >> yeah, so there's been a convergence of a number of different things that have influenced these circumstances. for one, we are seeing more severe heat waves across the higher region across california and throughout the west, exacerbated by climate change. and that makes it so that electricity demand during these periods of time is really very high. and this is ultimately a question of keeping levels of demand and supply imbalance, -- in balance, because if there

is an imbalance, you risk wider system breakdown. so that's why sometimes there's been the need for rolling blackouts, tkeep those levels in balance. of course, california has been consumed by a severe drought, hydroelectric power generation has been constrained, and during these westward heat waves, it becomes harder for california to import power on an emergency basis. and of course, you know, there's been a rapid shift to wind and solar power over the last several years, which makes managing supply levels, at the time when solar production began to ramp down, especially challenging. so that's why you see some of these in the summers. stephanie: could any of this have been avoided? i mean, you go through a lot of the complex factors that lead to the strain on energy all day, again for the eighth day in a row. we have been hearing the grid operator warn of these rolling outages that are extremely disruptive to hundreds of thousands of californians every year. >> the grid operators had to take increasingly drastic

measures to help manage these supply challenges in recent summers. that's meant relying on more gas-fired power generators. just recently, the state legislature moved to keep the state's last nuclear power plant online, and had been set to retire in the coming years. and now, it just looks like it'll run for quite some time longer. and so it's been -- the grid operators have been looking fo more and more places for additional power. stephanie: california has been very aggressive in embracing renewable, more green energy sources, and yet every summer, again, we see these energy shortages. you have reported, catherine, on how other states are also looking at potential energy crises. as climate change means hotter summers, more people needing more air conditioning. what can be learned from observing california's transition to renewables and how that can impact energy supply during times of great demand? >> yeah, absolutely. so i mean,

i think at its core, this is a timing challenge. it has become challenging to navigate the near term transition because, of course, you know, wind and solar power, production fluctuates, fluctuates with weather and fluctuates with time of day, which makes it a bit more challenging for grid operators to make sure thathere's always adequate supplies and in california, you see that most acutely, you know, after 4:00 p.m., when solar production begins to decline. this, you know, abundance of the transition which of course, is well underway, believe that there's the appropriate technology to be able to deal with this in the future as we add more battery storage to store wind and solar power for use when production declines. but one additional challenge that we're seeing here in the near term is that there's been supply chain issues, inflationary pressures and other things that have made it more difficult to bring these projects online and in a timely fashion. so it looks like the next several years are going to be difficult across a number of different regions that are in the middle of this transition.

but there's reason to believe that longer term we'll be able to sort through some of these, these many challenges. stephanie: one of your focuses has been the focus on wildfires in california anhow that is further straining the energy grid every summer and the role that companies like pg&e play. how much are those issues playing into the strain on the grid we're seeing this week? >> so when you think about wildfires, and how it affects the balance of supply and demand, big fires constrain transmission capacity, which makes it harder to move power from point a to point b, adding an additional challenge for the grid operator and making sure that there's adequate supply everywhere. there was a transmission emergency yesterday and the day before up in northern california, likely associated with some of pg&e powerlines. you know, details aren't exactly clear as to what exactly the problem was, but emergency generation was needed to offset some of the constraints on those lines. so i don't think it was fire related, but it may have been heat related. so there's there's all kinds of things that can go wrong in the transport of power

that make this more difficult. stephanie: every year, such a confluence of crises we're seeing there in california. catherine blunt, author of the new book "california burning," and wall street journal reporter, thank you for joining the news hour. >> thank you very much for having me. i appreciate it. ♪ judy: the midterm election season is now in full swing, and both parties are vying for control over what is currently an evenly-divided senate. right now, democrats hold 48 seats, plus the two independent senators who caucus with the democratic party, while republicans hold 50 seats. this year's 36 senate midterm contests could change that balance of power. following this all closely is jessica taylor of the cook political report, with amy walter.

jessica, welcome back to the newshour. we looked at the house yesterday and we will look at the senate now. two months out, what does the senate look like? exit looks better for democrats then democrats ever thought. historically, when presidents have a first midterm election, their party loses an average of two seats each midterm cycle. what we have seen, i would put republican chances at taking back the senate, because they only need one seat, at 60-60 5% chance this spring when you have rising gas prices and inflation and biden approval rating in the mid-30's. this felt like it would be a tsunami, and the question is how high could republicans go? could they pick up four or five seats? we have seen a tightening of the national landscape reflected in the house, but especially in the senate.

with gas prices getting better, the biden white house and democrats passing the inflation reduction act, semiconductor bill. also, the key decision that came down at the end of june that sent roe v. wade to the states has animated a lot of women voters that are especially registering now. we have seen this enthusiasm gap that republicans haven't been able to capitalize on early in the cycle. democrats are closing it. senate candidates matter more. i was skeptical at the beginning of the cycle because we have seen senate races become parliamentary almost, where voters are voting for a party, not necessarily a candidate. again, betty's all things considered -- that is all things considered. that is what i would expect to happen. but republicans have nominated some problematic candidates. judy: the abortion decision by the supreme court has energized

democrats, you say, but these candidates, specifically the ones endorsed by former president trump, you are seeing them have, that is having an impact on these races? >> i have talked with republicans over the past month, working at the senate races for years and they are so worried because they are like, we are going to snatch defeat from the jaws of victory. had we nominated more traditional candidates and not had the trump-endorsed candidates that he got and meddled with, often throwing his weight behind more controversial candidates, these races could have looked different. on election night, will republicans think what i, could a, should? judy: you are thinking about arizona, pennsylvania? >> pennsylvania is one where we had a tossup and we moved it to democrats. this is a republican seat.

republicans are having to play defense. that is a seat that could flip. judy: the trump-endorsed republican is memo dawes -- me hmet oz. >> he is pretty well known but his approval is underwater. john fetterman faces questions about his health. the lieutenant goverr suffered a stroke on the eve of the election. he is now getting back out to campaigning, but he has people, i have heard republicans say he seems more authentic to a lot of people because dr. oz had been living in new jersey and moved to pennsylvania for the race. judy: there are four states he would single out to us that you are particularly paying close attention to, closely contested, arizona, georgia, nevada and wisconsin. >> three are democratic held and these should be top targets for republicans. these are states that biden won

by under three points. arizona, mark kelly is outpacing bidens numbers. typilly, a good run would be 3-5 points ahead of your party but key is outperforming by seven points, fetterman by nine points. you have a controversial candidate in blake masters, he worked for peter thiel, the former paypal billionaire, and he has a lot of baggage. things he wrote in college, sympathizing with the unabomber and favorably quoting a nazi leader. you are seeing mcconnell's super pac cut money from this race, so democrats could win this. judy: georgia with herschel walker? >> herschel walker just won in a special election.

he is raising a ton of money. the former heisman trophy winner, trump really got him into this race. he won in the primary i think, many reasons, not trump alone, he is a football hero but he is lagging behind. we could see in the governor's race, brian kemp is running. could he help shirt -- herschel walker? judy: rafael warnock is running in the special election. only a minute, nevada with another trump endorsed candidate. >> adam laxalt is more of a generic republican, former attorney general, and in wisconsin, ron johnson is the most endangered senate republican, behind in pulling with the lieutenant governor barnes having one the nomination. johnson's approval ratings are low for an incumbent. he managed to hang on in tough cycles before.

could we see this titan? these could go either way. we see the senate overall as a tossup, but this is a better environment for democrats with two months to go than many anticipated. judy: fascinating. interesting and closely fought in ste after state. jessica taylor, thank you very much. ♪ judy: millions of people have fled the war in ukraine. among them, hundreds of elderly holocaust survivors. they are becoming refugees once again as they near the end of their lives. more than 80 have been rescued in speal evacuations sponsored by a collaboration of international organizations. and as nick schifrin discovered, some are finding refuge in a most unlikely place. this story is done in partnership with retro report,

the wnet group's exploring hate initiative, and the pulitzer center. nick: in the early days of the russian invasion, with bombs and uncertainty reigning, millions of ukrainians scrambled for safety. they fled their homes hoping to escape to neighboring countries. and along the way, many stopped in rabbi moshe azman's kyiv synagogue. 92-year-old rahyl entina, worried about her nephew and grandson who stayed behind. >> we don't know what will happen to them. these russians, please tell me, how can they have no shame? how can they have no shame? nick: one person who managed to escape with her, her daughter, larisa pogosova. >> it was scary, when we were traveling through ukraine. i had only seen this sort of thing in movies. i felt anxiety and fear that we were in danger.

nick: they secured a coveted spot on an evacuation bus to moldova, with other ukrainian families. and for the second time, entina was forced to leave ukraine and become a refugee. in 1941, her family fled the nazi army. >> me, my mother, grandmother, and my twin sister. we left on a train, but no one told us anything about where we were going. there were people left in babi yar. nick: babyn yar, this ravine, here in kyiv. in september 1941 the nazis seized this city, and over a 36-hour period, nazi soldiers marched tens of thousands of ukrainian jews here, killed them all with machine guns, and dumped them in a mass grave. that was one of the first large-scale massacre of jews in world war ii. during the war, german troops and local collaborators killed 1.5 million ukrainian jews,

gunning them down in fields and ravines, in what is known as the holocaust by bullets. this year, many holocaust survivors feared for their safe. their lives became bookended by war. >> these holocaust survivors, these jews were abandoned by the world as children, as the nazis were coming for them to murder them, and they had to flee. and so we had to rescue them. nick: greg schneider heads the claims conference, which provides financial assistance to holocaust survivors. they partnered with the jewish aid agency the joint distribution committee, to call thousands of survivors. pini miretsky arranged medical evacuations for survivors ailing health, or unable to ge out on their own. >> how can you explain to a person who was maybe frightened, at 80 plus or 90 yea old, they need to leave their homes? nick: evacuate the elderly during a war requires a small army of supplies, and people like the claims conference's

ruediger mahlo. >> you had to evacuate them with an ambulance because they were so fragile. so where do you get an ambulance in a country of war, where 90% of the ambulances are confiscated by the army? nick: among the holocaust survivors needing medical attention was samoil slobodskiy. early in the war, he insisted on staying. but in june, during a moment of calm, he decided he needed to escape. he brought only himself, and his sense of humor. how do you feel, the driver asks? >> age-appropriate, 85 and then some. nick: slobodskiy faced a host of medical conditions, and traveled by ambulance across ukraine with a doctor. >> we will take 2 stops, possibly 3, depending on the state of the patient. then the next crew will take him to dusseldorf. nick: dusseldorf, germany may seem like the last place to evacuate a survivor of hitler's genocide. but nursing homes across the country opened their doors to

holocaust survivors with the support of german president frank-walter steinmeier. >> if you had asked us a year ago if we thought that there would be evacuation of holocaust survivors from the ukraine to germany, we would have laughed. no one would have imagined it. >> how should you communicate it to the survivor? we will evacuate you to a country that over 75 years ago was persecuting you and wanted you to be dead? it was not an easy sell. >> i somehow believed it would be okay. on the journey, i was scared of what was going on around me. i was shaking on the way. nick:atyana zhuravliova and larissa dzuenko were evacuated from kiev in march. after 26 hours of travel, they finally arrived in frankfurt. they now live in this nursing home, and share a room and memories of escape from the nazis.

>> my mother was jewish and my father was a journalist. he said that the germans don 't love the jews. so you all need to go away. and he sent us to uzbekistan. >> i was two years old when the war started. they told me i climbed under the table and said to my mother, let's get in the hole. i already knew that there were some kind of bomb shelters where you needed to hide. >> one out of every four victims of the holocaust who died di on what is the terrain of ukraine today. nick: historian wendy lower has been studying the ukrainian holocaust for three decades. >> the holocaust in ukraine occurred in a way that was incredibly rapid, a direct assault that was perpetrated primarily in a kind of military style so-called security operations, which were mass shootings and mobile gas vans. we've discovered at least a thousand mass murder sites. >> in 1941, we fled from the

germans. now we've faced war once more and now we've come to the germans so they will protect us. this is the paradox. so maybe there is no such thing as permanent friends, or permanent enemies. >> as for larisa pogosova, she is now living near frankfurt, but without her mother rahyl. a week after they arrived safely in germany, rahyl died of covid 19. >> every day in the evening i think i must to call mom. it 's difficult for me, very difficult. [singing] nick: these two-time refugees who were hesitant to leave their homes have been surprised by the community they've found in the birthplace of the nazi party. and despite her grief, pogosova, too, says she is grateful for the warm welcome she has received in germany.

as is zhuravliova. >> everyone received us so warmly and paid a lot of attention to us from the first day. i don't feel like i'm in germany as a guest of the germans, but rather that i'm here among my own people. yet, many still want to return to ukraine, just as they did after world war ii. >> i soon as the situation improves there, i want to go back home. my motherland is there. you know? that's all. nick: for the pbs newshour, i'm nick schifrin ♪ judy: as the u.s. open tennis tournament continues this week in new york, we turn to a conversation amna nawaz had there with tennis legend chris evert. evert's win-loss record in singles matches is the best of

any pro player, male or female, in history. but perhaps her toughest match is taking on ovarian cancer, often known as the silent killer. >> this is where you must have so many memories. >> i 16 titles here. amna: chris evert dominated women's tennis in the 1970's and 80's. her career stats are staggering. she won a record six u.s. open titles, title me by serena williams. 7 french open titles. 18 major championships in all. she became the first player male or female to win 1000 singles matches and to this day, holds the record for the second-most career wins behind martina navritilova. evert grew up in a tennis family in florida. her dad taught all the kids to play on public courts. now 67, and herself the mother of three sons, evert spent most

of her life in the white hot spotlight. she became known for her tough, seemingly unemotional outer shell. but, nothing, she says, could have prepared her for the loss of her sister, jeanne evert dubin, who played on the tour with chris for a while. jeanne 's ovarian cancer was detected late. she lived for two more years and died in 2020. jeanne had tested negative for the harmful variant of the bcra1 gene, but her blood was stored in a lab, in case knowledge/data -- knowledge or data of new variants became available and as genetic testing involved. two years after her death, jeanne's blood tested brca positive, a warning bell for possible ovarian or breast* cancer predisposition in the family. a call from her doctor took chris evert's life down an unexpected path. ovarian cancer, but caught early. today, she is back courtside as a commentator for espn, coaching and mentoring the next generation. we talked about her journey, her

health and what is ahead. exit has been three months since you finished your chemotherapy. how are you feeling today? >> i'm feeling a lot better than three months ago. just put it that way. as time goes on and i'm able to get a little more energy, exercise a little bit more, i'm feeling better and better. amna: i think a lot of people know chemotherapy is brutal and how did you get through it? >> andy, my former husband, took me to all six chemo and we just -- he was really supported. i had a little nausea and fatigue. not tiredness. it is different. i had that for five days, and that i would have two weeks of feeling okay. and i could go to my tennis academy and coach and, and i could do pretty much normal things. so i feel very lucky. amna: lucky not only because they caught her cancer early, but because they caught it at all. >> the geneticist called and said, we retested jeannie's blood and another variant has come up and now she's brca positive. so you're going to

have to take the brca test. and so all of our siblings took it. i went the next day and took the brca test and ten days later discovered that i was positive. i went to the doctor. he said, okay, you have to have a hysterectomy. you don't need the reproductive organs. sthe best thing, the safest thing is just to get everything out. i encourage anybody, any woman not to be afraid of having a hysterectomy. my doctor called me three days later and said we are really shocked about this, but our findings are that you had ovarian cancer and you had cancer in your fallopian tubes. and i was like, whoa, but i didn't feel anything. and that's why this is an insidious, ugly cancer, because you don't feel any effects whatsoever. and many times when women are diagnosed, they're already in stage four. amna: you have just gone through a full hysterectomy. what are you thinking? >> i think i just called on my

sisters strength. four or five days later, when i got the call, my doctor's going, oh, i have good news. and so, i was so relieved. i got a second opinion. right now they are looking at 90 to 95% chance that that cancer will not come back. amna: what's it like for you to say that number? >> i wish it was 100%, but i feel very grateful. because of my sister's death, i'm alive. amna: your sister was diagnosed so late. and she lived for another two years, i believe, after that? >> yes. amna: do you feel like you got to say everything to her you needed to say? >> no. i don't think you ever feel that way. she was like the wind beneath my wings, you know, that song? and she was so proud of me and supportive of me. and never envious or jealous. she was just a wonderful sister. and i wish i could i could have told her more. but, you know, sometimes when somebody is really sick, you know, that's not the time to tell them,

because then they start to feel worse. they know it's the end. but i think she knows. i mean, i talk to her every day and i think she knows that now. amna: what is one thing you wish you could tell her today? >> oh, god, you just know i asked these questions. oh, my god, i'm sorry. i talk about this so much, and i've never cried like this, but -- i can't believe how strong she was, and that she never complained. and she had ports and she had incisions all over her body and she was down to 80 pounds. and i saw her go through this and she would either be quiet or she tried to muster up a smile. amna: you are making me cry. >> it is good. i want to be emotional. amna: this vulnerability is something she spent decades shielding from public view. i went back and read some of the earlier coverage of your career, the way the mostly male press corps, i think would talk about you and write about you. and

there were photographers saying, oh, she's impossible to take a good picture of because she never smiles. and they gave you labels like ice princess. >> wn i grew up and started playing on the tour. i was 15 years old. and the more i read that, the more i got to be that way. i never had the freedom, i think, to develop on my own terms because i always had the press saying i was somebody else. when i look at the young women today on the court, i see they've come a long way. they ar fearless. they are emotional. they have a lot of power, they feel the power, they have a lot of respect. amna: you look at the way serena has navigated her career. you look at naomi osaka having conversations around mental health, protecting their own privacy, all these kinds of things. do you ever look at that ansay i wish i had had that? >> i grew up in the 1960's, played in the 1970's. there are taboo subjects. you didn't talk about it. you didn't talk about, you know, being gay and you didn't talk about controversial subjects at all.

that was theay the society was. the culture was here in america, may be the world. but now women are just owning themselves and empowering themselves and we're reaching, you know, more and more equality with men. amna: how would you describe the place that the game holds today in your life? >> i have so many ways of being involved in the game. i mean, i love telling people, me being on centre court in the finals what it feels like, what , the pressure feels like. i mean, i love that. i think what i love even more is the mentoring part. i'm very involved with the usta foundation, which is all about under-resourced kids, you know, combining tennis and education and giving them a safe place to go to after school, talking to them, mentoring them, seeing the joy on their face. an extension further, i have my own tennis academy with my brother. but still the same

applies. the mentoring, i try to explain to them, embrace the pressure, to go with it and not to try to fight it. i've gotten a lot of wonderful things out of tennis. and now i'm feeling probably better by giving and sharing my experiences and knowing i'm helping kids. to me, that's the most important thing at this last third of my life. amna: analyzing tennis matches, and mentoring the next generation at some 250 programs for the u.s. tennis association foundation around the country. evert remains in the game. let's take a larger look now at ovarian cancer. in the united states this year nearly 20,000 women will receive a new diagnosis of ovarian cancer. more than 12,000 will die from the disease. dr. carol brown is a cancer surgeon and cheap health equity officer at memorial

sloan-kettering cancer center who joins us now. thank you for joining us. you heard chris evert's story, learning her risk because of her late sister's diagnosis. what should we understand about risk factors? who should consider themselves at greatest risk? >> thank you for having me on this evening and focusing on this and orton topic -- important topic. chris's story highlights the greatest risk for people, for women wereancer is in their family history. so the women at highest risk of getting ovarian cancer in the united states and around the world are women who have a first-degree relative, which means either a mother, or a sister, with ovarian cancer, or relatives first or second degree relatives, with ovarian cancer

or breast cancer. this ties into chris evert's story in that her having a sister with ovarian cancer. those are the women that are highest risk. it shows the organs of knowing your family history. that is critical. amna: we know early detection is key. the american cancer society has said only 20% of ovarian cancers are found at an early stage. because there aren't specific symptoms, how can it be detected early? what should people know? >> everyone should know it ties back to knowing your risks and what you can do to reduce your risks. knowing your family history ties into what we have learned in the last decade or so about of avian cancer and the highest risk being related to family history. it is because the answer is in your genes. we know there are mutations you can inherit from your parents, and it is not just brca 1 a brca 2 but there are four or

five major genes that increase your risk. the best way to diagnose it early is what happened in chris evert's situation, where she had a risk reducing surgery to prevent her from getting ovarian cancer, and it was found that early on, there was the earliest stages. knowing your family history, and getting that critical genetic testing, is the most important way to find it early. amna: what about disparities when it comes to access to that kind of testing, being able to detect ovarian cancer early? do we see they got -- do we see that? >> definitely, differences in outcome with ovarian cancer as we do with many cancers. it is really true, one of the important things to know is knowing about family history and getting access to genetic testing and counseling about your genetic risk.

such as chris evert had. we have done some studies at sloan-kettering that show that women of color are less likely to have access to genetic testing, less likely to be counseled to get genetic testing. we want all people to know that if you have a family history of cancer, ask your clinician about getting genetic testing for cancer. amna: what about men? if they have a family history, a blood relative who is positive for the brca 1 or brca 2 gene? does that carry a risk for men? >> eyes with some other genes associated with increasedisk for ovarian cancer, the risk is not limited to ovarian cancer. with brca 1 and brca 2, there is an increased risk for prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, and some of the other genes include -- associated with risk for ovarian cancer, increased risk

of: and bladder cancer. for men as well as women, for all people with history of cancer, it is critical to take advantage of the new technology, to get the genetic testing and counseling done. there are things you can do to reduce your risk. amna: what are some of those things? >> there are simple things particularly for young women. it might be surprising for the audience to know, but oral contraceptives, taking birth control pills for just five years cuts your risk of getting ovarian cancer in half. so one of the things that we counsel women who have children who have brca 1 or brca 2, they want to know what can i do what how can i reduce my daughter's risk, taking birth control pills will cut your risk in half. another thing is healthy diet, exercise and maintaining the ideal body weight. this is also something that can really reduce your risk of getting ovarian cancer but the most important thing is what chris evert did, which is to get risk reducing

surgery when you are found to be carrying an inherited mutation that increases your risk for ovarian cancer. amna: such important and necessary, useful health information. dr. carol brown, joining us tonight. thank you for joining us. >> thank you. ♪ judy: they're known as monuments officers. and a new collaboration between the u.s. army and the smithsonian institution is expanding their numbers and capabilities in time of war. their mission, advise military commanders on how to minimize damage to art and other key sites during conflict, and aid foreign allies whose cultural heritage is at risk. jeffrey brown reports for our arts and culture series, canvas.

>> i've got the base right here. >> the national museum of pinelandia faces imminent attack. and its precious artifacts must be documented, photographed, packed, and moved to a new location within two hours, amid quickly changing circumstances. >> you are right. >> on the scene to help, the u.s. army corps of monuments officers. >> you will be asked to move quickly. >> you have to be able to speak both languages. you have to be able to speak the language of protecting cultural property, you must also have your military language and understand the processes. >> people have one or the other. >>ave one or the other. and we are bringing those worlds together in a way that has not been done before. >> pinelandia of course, is a fictional country. and this was a simulated training exercise in a large hall at the national museum of the u.s. army in fort belvoir, virginia.

the precious art, gathered from garage sales, flea markets, dumpster diving. nothing worth more than a few dollars. the military officers were the real thing, 21 specialists in art history, archeology, curation and other cultural heritage areas. six of them, international officers here to train and network. the rest, the cohort of a joint first initiative of the u.s. army and the smithsonian institution. some were reserve officers moving to this new unit, including captain sonia dixon, who's also a doctoral candidate in art history. >> i'm passionate about learning about so many different people and their cultures. and i am passionate about the military. and to get the opportunity to do both of them at the same time, to show people that no matter what, even if you come from an academic background, you can still have practical ways to help people in the real world. >> there were also six civilian cultural experts, new to the military, having completed physical and other requirements.

among that group, hayden basset, an archeologist and curator at the virginia museum of natural history, where he's been using satellite imagery to document destruction in ukraine and elsewhere. >> now, he is captain bassett, in the u.s. army civil affairs and psychological operations command. >> this is our opportunity to engage with cultural heritage on another level. i've always had a respect for the military. i never thought i would have the opportunity to take my particular skill set and apply it in a military context and serve in that capacity. >> this was not the career path you were on. >> certainly not. >> monuments men. >> it's a new take on an idea that goes to world war ii, popularized in books and film. >> we will tell the boys what they can and can't blow up. >> and a group called the

monuments fine arts and archives task force, referred to as monuments men. scholar-soldiers rescuing art works and other cultural treasures seized by the nazis throughout europe. in more recent wars, the story has at times been less heroic, notably in 2003 with the looting of the iraq museum in baghdad, when the military was criticized for failing to heed warnings about the value of the collection and the need to protect it. >> that was a moment in time that really galvanized public opinion even more about the us invasion of iraq, and it really impacted our mission, as well. >> cori wegener, a museum curator, was then an army reserve officer, deployed to the baghdad museum to assess the damage and salvage what was possible. >> walking into those galleries and seeing smashed objects on the floor, and, you know, even though i was an art museum curator, i didn 't really know how to go about evaluating or -- evacuating or salvaging objects. and i felt a little bit lost. i wanted to make sure nobody was

placed in that position again. >> today, wegener heads the smithsonian's cultural rescue initiative. it was she and col. dejesse who designed the intensive ten-day training program, that included courses in forensic documentation and practical problems like drying out damaged artifacts. and briefings from international partners such as a ukrainian museum director, working to secure objects there. there was a symbolic moment. arlington national cemetery with a wreathlaying at the tomb of the unknown soldier, including the nephew of a monuments officer killed in action in world war ii, and a simulated museum evacuation which included a jolting moment after one of the role players, acting as a security guard, accidentally on purpose put his foot through a painting. >> i wasn't expecting anything like this to happen. >> that was just one moment of chaos amid constantly changing circumstances.

>> what do we do when the truck comes? exit is not just, we are looking at the art object. cultural heritage is so diverse, so dynamic, and depending on the culture, it changes. it can be an object, it can also be an intangible thing. >> who is in charge here? >> for his part, newly commissioned captain bassett was suddenly officer of the day, in charge of this operation. he found himself facing a commanding officer who arrived on the scene to ask some tough questions. >> cultural artifacts are number two to human life. that is the priority for combat forces. if you need me to divert combat forces to protect the site then i need to know that. is it a company, a platoon? >> were you surprised by his questions? >> absolutely. part of my job during that was to be able to effectivel communicate why cultural heritage is important. why, in this case, the army or the

coalition forces were expending resources to invest in cultural heritage protection. >> and that, of course, remains a question. why and how much should the u.s. care about preserving culture, in situations when lives are at stake? colonel scott dejesse who, by the way, is also a painter in civilian life, is a veteran of cultural protection in a military context. and he puts the issue in military terms. >> you're not suggesting that sending art historians out into the battlefield will win victories. i would say it's a strategic imperative. the part that we're moving into is, not only a justification for doing it, but a validation for doing it, to validate the success for the mission. if the commander says, our lines of effort are to build partnerships, strengthen our partnerships with the host nation, well, we 're the experts that know, hey, this is how you build a partnership, by working,

by protecting each other's, what our societies mean. >> cori wegener frames it from the civilian side, as a responsibility for museum and other professionals. >> how can you ask the military to perform their duties for a treaty about protecting cultural heritage, if we don't tell them what cultural heritage is? we're teaching them how to do it, not just why they have to do it. >> the training program's end was marked by a pinning ceremony for these official newly-minted monuments officers, ready to deploy as needed around the world. i'm jeffrey brown in virginia. judy: redefining the u.s. military. and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. join us on-line and again here tomorrow evening. for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you, please stay safe and we'll see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs

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lidia: buongiorno. i'm lidia bastianich, and teaching you about italian food has always been my passion. it has always been about cooking together and ultimately building your confidence in the kitchen. so what does that mean? you got to cook it yourselves. for me, food is about delicious flavors... che bellezza! ...comforting memories, and most of all, family. tutti a tavola a mangiare! announcer: funding provided by... announcer: at cento fine foods, we're dedicated to preserving the culinary heritage of authentic italian foods by offering over 100 specialty italian products for the american kitchen. cento -- trust your family with our family. ♪♪ ♪♪