♪ amna: good evening and welcome. i'm amna nawaz. on the newshour tonight, crisis averted. railroad unions agree to a deal on working conditions and operations, avoiding a potentially catastrophic shutdown. then, border battle. migrant apprehensions approach a new record high as republicans continue to bus migrants to democratic led cities and today, the vice president's home. and in the throes of battle. evidence of a small town newly liberated by ukrainian forces recount harrowing stories of being caught in the crossfire. >> there were tanks firing. it was very scary. we were sitting in the basement

hunched down and i did not know if the roof would collapse. i was always thinking, how was i going to die? amna: all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> fidelity dedicated advisors are here to lp you create a wealth plan, a plan with tax sensitive investment strategies. planning focused on tomorrow while you focus on today. that is the planning effect from fidelity. ♪ >> the kendeda fund, committed to advancing restorative justice and meaningful work through investments in transformative leaders and ideas. more at kendeda fund.org. carnegie corporation of new york

. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement and the advancement of international peace and security. at carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. stephanie: i'm stephanie sy with newshour west. we will return to the full program after the latest headlines. there will not be a nationwide freight rail strike after all.

railroads and labor unions reached a tentative agreement early today preventing a walkout that would have made supply chain issues even worse the five-year deal includes 24% raises and bonuses of $5,000. it addresses union concerns about working cditions. this morning president biden met with negotiators who worked nearly around-the-clock. afterward in the rose garden, he praised their effort. >> this agreement is validation of what i have always believed. unions and management can worked together for the benefit of everyone. for the erican people of this agreement can avert a significant damage any shutdown would have brought. stephanie: amtrak said it is working to restore full service after scaling back as a precaution. this evening, a legal win for former president trump. a trump appointed district judge refused to let the justice department refuse -- resume its best occasion of classified

documents seized at the former president florida estate. the judge ned federal judge raymond dearie as the independent arbiter who will review the records. the justice department and trump's lawyers made clear they would be satisfied with his appointment as a so-called special master pin and welcome a former white house chief of staff mark meadows has complied with the justice departmt subpoena. as part of the january 6 instigation. it is widely reported meadows turned over the same records he already gave to a congressional committee. in ukraine, president flightaware zelenskyy announced the discovery of mass graves in izium. ukrainian forces captured the city in recent ays. he hosted urszula vonda lay-in after a week of major battlefield gains. russian president vladimir putin met with chinese president xi jinping at a regional summit in his becca stand. for the first time, put in

appeared to acknowledge setbacks in the war. >> we highly value the balanced position of our chinese friends when it comes to the ukraine crisis. we understand your questions and concerns. we will of course explain our position. stephanie: separately, the un's nuclear watchdog agency demanded today russia end its occupation of the endangered zaporizhzhia nuclear plant in southern ukraine. russia and china voted against the resolution. mourners in london waited for up to nine hours today to pay their respects to the late between elizabeth ii. she lay in stay at parliaments westminster hall. the lines of file past the coffin stretched from more than four hours per -- more than four miles. back in this country, the boil water notice in jackson mississippi has finally been lifted. residents are still advised not to use the water in baby formula. officials imposed the notice in late july after trouble at aging

poorly maintained water facilities. mortgage rates in america jumped again topping 6% for the first time since the 2008 financial crisis and freddie mac reported that 30 year fixed rates rose from 5.89% last week to 6.02 this week that is more than double that was a year ago and the sharp rise is pushing homebuyers out of the market. sales of new homes have fallen for six straight months. still to come on the newshour, more states implement new abortion bans after the reversal of roe v. wade. publican senator rob portman discusses his support for a bill that would protect same-sex marriage. advocates push to get more money to people when they leave prison. tennis great roger federer announces his retirement after an illustrious career and much more. >> this is the pbs newshour from dubya eta studios in washington and in the west from the author

cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. amna: immigration is once again the subject of heated debate with republicans and democrats at odds on how to handle migrants arriving at the border. publican leaders have implemented a new strategy further in preventing tensions. in washington, d.c. this morning, two buses of migrants arrived outside the naval observatory. any people were confused about why they had arrived here after entering the u.s. at the southern border. >> a very long tough trip. we do not expect to be left adrift here without knowing where to head to. amna: that fall the two flights carrying about 50 migrants that landed in martha's vineyard last night. florida's governor desantis said today he was behind those flights. >> one of the reasons why we want to transport because we obviously it is expensive if

people are coming here. it taxes social services and all these things. every community in america should be sharing in the bird them should amna: republican governors greg abbott of texas and doug ducey of arizona have spent millions offering free bus rides from their borders the democrat led cities including new york, washington, d.c. and chicago. a political tactic to call attention to the u.s. southern border. u.s. customs and border patrol has seen an increase in border encounters in the last three years. a number now on pace to top 2 million this fiscal year for the first time ever. back in washington, the president of the league of united latin american citizens decried the movingf migrants for political purposes. >> certain governors are using these refugees for political stunts. it is deplorable and it is really inhumane to treat people like that. amna: for more on all of this, i am joined by teresa cardinal brown should she is the director

of immigration and cross-border policy at the bipartisan policy center in washington, d.c. we are on track to top 2 million voter apprehensions at the u.s. southern border. that is not 2 million people. that is the number of apprehensions. recidivism remains high. that number will be the highest it has ever been. what should we understand about what is driving those numbers up? >> i think the first thing to understand is the 2 million people arriving now are not the same types of people that we saw the last time we had me than a million and a half encounters like in 2000 or in the late 1980's. for most of the time we have been enforcing immigration at the border, 90 plus percent of everyone border patrol encountered were mexican. usually adult single mystic and males trying to sneak into the country to work. that meant we could fairly quickly and rapidly return them now we are seeing people coming from all around the world.

an increasing number from central and south america including from countries we don't have good diplomatic relations with like in as well over cuba. even if we were able to send them back to their countries, the countries will not send them back. that presents a much bigger challenge for our border management strategies. we cannot send people back to mexico that are not mexican if mexico will not allow it. they have a big say in who we can send back and who we have to take in and allowed to proceed into the united states to pursue their cases before immigration court. what we are seeing is a large number as you have seen on these buses to the cities as well as the flights to martha's vineyard are venezuelans. venezuelans have been a large migration population. large refugee population in south america for the last decade. peru has hosted 6 million venezuelans for a much longer time with a much smaller

population than we have in the united states but that is now making its way north. this is some of the changing composition. many of these people are asking for asylum is their right once they arrive ithe united states and that is al a reason why we are not able to turn them back away. amna: governors abbott and ducey have said their states bear the burden of those rising numbers and that is how they justify busting people to other cities but what do we need to understand about that burden? there are some federal funds that go to support those states to help howells temporarily migrants if they arrive and to move them onto other cities. what should we know about that? >> in the last several years, the federal emergency management agency has been brought in to assist with the migrants that are arriving in those counties and locations along the border. they do have grants that are

available to localities to assist with shelter and food for the migrants that are arriving should it is also important to understand almosnone of those migrants intend to or are staying in those communities. those communities are pass-throughs. yes, for the time after the migrants arrive they ara burden on the local communities but they have been doing this for six years. they have organizations in place. they have communications with the local border patrol when migrants are going to be released. they work with the nonprofit organizations and religious organizations that when the shelter systems. the state and local governments provide medical support and screening for many of these people. they have a process in place that allows migrants to try to move onto the other places in the country they are already moving to peer that is not to say it has not been a burden. only to say those localities have been dealing with it long enough they have processes in place.

amna: when you look at the place is trying to set up that infrastructure, we spoke to people in d.c., new york and chicago. they don't have that kind of infrastructure to receive folks but i have heard from some here in d.c. and ngos along the border the work to support these arriving populations can be spread to different parts of the country. some of them do believe other cities should be stepping up. is there validity to that argument? >> i think there is and as i mentioned, the migrants are moving to other parts of the country. there are other cities that are receiving them at the end of their journey as they await their decision in immigration court. the issue for cities like new york and washington, d.c. and chicago is not that there are not resources available to it is a large cities that have been receiving immigration for centuries. they were not prepared for the immediate and flunks. as they mobilize of the -- immediate influx. as a mobilize, they can do more.

the issue is one of one is the equitable way to manage what is happening at the border? i do think the federal government could and should do more in those communities rather than releasing migrants to make their own way. this is a federal problem. the federal government can think about other ways to receive migrants and manage their cases as they make their way through courts. we have not seen any of the administrations do that so far. amna: we should always point out fixing immigration and the entire system would take congress to act and we have not seen meaningful reform in over three decades. teresa cardinal brown from the bipartisan policy center in washington, d.c. thank you for joining us. ♪ ukrainian troops are working to consolidate gains in the country's east and with russian soldiers gone, newly liberated

kharkiv residents are coming to terms with what they endured. nick schifrin visited a town north of kharkiv in ruins after six months of russian occupation. >> the battle for borshova ended with russian defeat but not without a fight. ukrainian troops motivated to receives their own land battled hard for a week first with artillery and then from multiple sides to capture a town with only a population of 400. the russians spent six months digging in. they left behind food. and an armored personnel carrier ukrainian soldiers taken from their own. one wears a u.s. navy hat taken from a russian tank. andre is a lieutenant. this was his first major battle. >> to be honest, it was quite fierce it is hard to compare with me for something but the russians were pushing us pretty hard. >> why do you think you were able to receives this area? >> their commanders abandon them. their situation was a deadlock.

the problem is their communication system does not go from top to bottom. there commanders must have fled and they did not know about it until sometime later. whenever they see cracks in their ranks, they flee. >> he said without american artillery, his command would not have launched the counteroffensive to what is your message to the ukrainians who had to live through occupation in this area now you are here? >> i thank them that they survived through this and they stayed alive because a lot of people lost everything. all they suffered is incredible pain. >> liberation is like removing a bandage and exposing deep wounds. what happened to you during occupation? >> we were here from the first minute. i cannot speak. >> i still cannot believe it is all quiet now. they were firing 24/7 from here.

it never stopped. we were living on the front lines. >> we lived in the basement. the russians were all around us. >> she and her husband have two choices. move to russia or stay here in the crossfire. >> there were tanks firing. it was very scary. we were sitting in the basement hunched down and i did not know if the roof would collapse. i was always thinking, how was i going to die? whether they would execute me or not. >> they say the first russian soldiers who arrived were special forces echoed kremlin propaganda. >> they were looking for the quote enemies. they said we will save you. don't be afraid. we are russians. > we came to liberate you. i told them you liberated us. no home. no car. you liberated me from everything. >> she walks me down the town's single road to their home.

she prayed through the cold every night her home would survive. thank you for letting us into your home. this was supposed to be a summer home. a sanctuary aware from the city. it is a mess. they spent most of their time downstairs or a nearby basement. despite the damage, they vowed to rebuild. what will you do now? will you stay here? >> yes. yes, i pray to god they don't shoot here anymore. most importantly they don't shoot and that is it. i can live in the cold without water. i ju don't want them to shoot. >> it will take a long time here to fix all that has been broken. for the pbs newshour, i'm nick schifrin in borshova. ♪ amna: as we reported, rail

workers and companies reached an agreement earlier today to avert a strike that could have disrupted the economy. engineers and train conductors were able to secure a more flexible schedules including from medical leave that was a major source of contention and long-standing dispute within the companies could echo terry of labor marty walsh was heavily involved with negotiations especially over the last 40 hours. he is here with me now. we should note one of the companies, burlington northern santa fe, is a funder of the newshour. welcome back to the newshour. our understanding as it was a central concern here that not necessarily pay for the workers but working conditions. they wanted paid sick leave. they want a medical leave. what does it say to you they had to threaten a strike which would have had devastating impacts on the u.s. economy to get those seemingly simple things? >> what really happened here, this negotiation was going. on for two years they were not able to get to a agreement. the president had to put in

place a presidential emergency board. they came up with a framework around what the contract should be. some of those pieces were not in the eb. it was a little deeper than thinking about a couple days off here. it is around the language and the way the language is written in the contract. to a layperson like myself you read the language and it looks -- it reads like it sounds. as a lawyer, a labor lawyer, the definitions are different. we spent a lot of time over the course -- last night into 5:00 this morning going over this language. we were able to get to an agreement. it would have been a strike. it would have been catastrophic for the american economy. amna: can you offer more details? ? it was reported they ended up with one day of paid sick leave. >> that is one piece of it. there was another part there were three days for medical

meaning there are part of the cruise that have set tes. three shifts, 7:00 to 3:00, 3:00 to 7:00. those folks don't have protect ability in their schedule. before the contract, they did not have an ability to set a doctors appointment because if they did an appointment and it was in the middle of the week and they went, they would not get a chance to work becse the trains would leave the station. they were able to agree on that. they were able to agree on some rules around working rules in the contract. and the health care. the split for health care is 8515. . when the contract expires, what the units wanted to do is make sure they capped the 15% portion at 15% or as high as $398 until the new contract comes into

place. it is a monetary issue for the worker. you are absolutely right. this was not monetary issue at all on behalf of the company. it was based on principle. we were able to get good movement at the table last night. we got to a satisfactory resolution for the union. we got to a satisfactory resolution for the company. this contract overall when you put the entire package together, it is a good contract for the worker. amna: this does bring the conch -- the conversation back to working conditions for american workers. we are in this moment that some are seeing national labor movement. we see unions forming at starbucks and trader joe's. you are the first former union leader to run the department leader in over 40 years. what does this movement say to you about the american worker today? >> it says honestly the american worker is disgruntled and they're looking for collective power.

they are looking for collective bargaining. what is interesting about when i met with starbuck workers and amazon workers at the white house, their main conversation was not about financial aspects. it was about working conditions and the way people are being treated which i thought was unique because they were young people. we are not saying -- they are not saying they are looking for exorbitant amounts of money chaired it was about respect and the way they are being treated inside the different facilities and stores. and safety when it came to amazon. 71% of american people look favorably upon unions today. it is the first time in my lifetime i have seen those numbers. more people organizing. you're seeing an increase at the department of labor, it is up 58% from this time last year of people applying or for petitions to have card check agreements. amna: as these groups are

forming, you look at what has happened with the nurses strike in minnesota. this week we have seen years of teachers going on strike demanding better working conditions and better pay. does this say to you we have reached a boiling point in this moment and you expect more strikes ahead? >> i will tell you another one. nurses in wisconsin are looking to organize. the former governor took away all the rights of unions in that state. a lot of unions are saying we went to organize. two things. let's separate the two issues. what the nurses are going through, they are going through a contract negotiation. when amazon workers and starbucks workers are going through, they're trying to be recognized by the company. in that case i'm trying to encourage companies and the president as well to go to the bargaining table. your employees have decided through a legal manner to join a union should they want to form a union. those companies are doing

everything they can not to work with these young people to join a union. on the other side, go back to the last 20 hours i was doing. you can't settle a contract if you don't have two willing parties. for two years this was going on with the rail companies and the unions. last night they were in room. i was trying to facilitate a conversation which i did with help from a lot of other people including secretary buttigieg, the president and we got to an agreement. employers need to respect workers rights. the other way around. workers need to respect the employer pair that is why it is called collective bargaining. when some arguments and you lose some arguments. if the contract is a good contract for every side, it is a good contract. i have not seen a case where you cannot get to a contract if two

sides continue to talk. amna: we know you are coming off a very long negotiation period, we appreciate you making the time to join us. secretary of labor marty walsh. thank you again. ♪ it has been nearly three months since the supreme court struck down roe v. wade in several states have ntinued to implement far-reaching abortion bands. william brangham has the latest. >> conservative state legislators continue to pass laws that restrict women from getting an abortion. there are 14 states where abortion bands are in fact just this week, west virginia passed a near-total band that will be signed by their governor in coming days. following all of this closely is mary ziegler. she is a law professor at the university of california -- university of california davis.

great to have you back on the newshour. today, indiana's near-total ban goes into effect. we sell west virginia passed something similar. where do these states that in the spectrum of other states that have acted post this dobbs really? -- dobbs ruling? >> we expected these -- these are deeply conservative states we expected to pass sweeping bans. there are signs some republicans are good and cold feet when it comes to passing the most extreme forms of abortion b ans. west virginia dialed back some of the punishments people could face for violating the abortion ban. indiana at least in theory has exceptions to its abortion ban. whether those are actually available remains to be seen. both of these are a sign that

ba are going to continuen to appear in red states and republicans are not entirely sure how to play the politics of abortion in post dobbs america. >> that has been a few months since this ruling, what has the impact been in all of these states on women and on providers? >> we know in many of these states people are either having to carry pregnancies to term or travel out-of-state to access abortion. that of course adds levels of risk the people for whom out-of-state travel is complicated. we also have seen evidence that access to care for people who are pregnant who are not seeking abortions is being affected in part because many states are prescribing harsh criminal penalties for people who perform abortions which creates uncertainty about exactly what abortion is and has made doctors reluctant to intervene even in some emergency medical

situations when they are afraid doing so could land them in serious trouble. >> we have seen pushback from voters. we sell kansas where voters protected the right to abortion on a ballot measure. michigan is going to face a similar question in november. democrats are hoping this issue will continue to animate their base. are these voter pushback's falling along traditional partisan lines? >> it is too early to say in every context. there is a lot of variation. you mentioned kansas. in kansas the answer clearly is no. we saw kansans overwhelmingly reject a proposal to undo state constitutional abortion rights. that resounding loss would have required many independents and republicans to join in for it to be possible. we have seen in michigan the number of signatures gathered

would outpace what you would expect if this had been a partisan initiative. that is supported by polling. we know in many states that may not vote for democrats for ste legislature or office may well vote for abortion rights. this is not always down cleanly along partisan lines. >> what about on the legal front? we have seen some courts stepping in to block some of these trigger laws. are these legal battles in a sense from oil angle, are these prolonging the inevitable or are these winnable fight? >> depends on the context. in post dobbs america, we are going to see state constitutional battles. people on the pro-abortion side saying these laws violate the state constitution even if there is no longer a federal right to choose to come of those may farewell. it is going to depend on who is

sitting on the state supreme court's. we are seeing federal constitutional challenges on different bases. the idea some of these trigger laws are so vague reasonable doctors could not know what is allowed and what is not allowed. the fate of those challenges is unpredictable simply because it is a different legal ground than the one the u.s. supreme court has weighed in on. it is fair to assume in a lot of places where the judges making the decisions were nominated by republicans were looking at postponing the inevitable but the overall legal picture is chaotic. >> that is why we always keep coming back al you. mary ziegler of uc davis law school. thank you for being here. ♪ amna: the u.s. senate is delaying voting on a bill to protect same-sex until after the midterms.

lisa desjardins is here with more. >> a bipartisan group of senators hoped to past the respect for marriage act this week. negotiators could not get the 10 republican senators needed to commit to backing it. joining me as republican senator rob portman from ohio, one of the key supporters of the plan. let's start right there. nationally this is not a partisan issue. 70% of americans support gay marriage, same-sex marriage. it is majority of republicans. how do you explain the hesitancy and opposition from some of your fellow republicans? >> there was a concern from a number of people about the impact on religious liberty. if we were to codify the sreme court case, it would have consequences unintended perhaps but it would affect people's religious liberty. we spent the last few weeks working with language. we were trading language as recently as late this morning.

i think we will get there. we needed a little more time to let people properly vet the language and determine how we could codify the supreme court which is the law of the land but in doing so not affect their religious liberties of early just groups engaged in adoption or health care or education. i think we are on the way to getting a solution. >> how do you respond to some folks include some republicans who talk to me today said they don't want to do this before the election. democrats say that is political if the delay is for that reason. >> i think some republicans saw this as a political ploy on behalf of the democrats and particularly senator shermer because it was being pushed on us in terms of the voting before we went away for the elections. the notion was whether it won or lost the democrats might see an advantage. i have to give credit to tammy baldwin who is a democratic

senator from wisconsin and kyrsten sinema from arizona who ensured this would not be a political decision. i think that is why we were able to postpone it until we have time to vet the language. i think people will not see it as a political thing. i think right now a lot of republicans do consider it to be political if you are forcing a vote before we go home to the elections. if we had not had the language prepared by today and signed off by everyone needed, we would not have time to do it before the end of the month because it takes that t long to process legislation. i think we made the right decision. i think when we come back the election will be behind us and we will get the votes. >> i hear you saying you think you will get there. this is a breeding period so to speak. there is another tough issue in the headlines. that is abortion. senator lindsey graham proposing

a national 15 week abortion ban. i know you believe this -- but i wonder as i have heard from other republicans if you are concerned about the politics of this. democrats are raising the idea of a national ban. are you concerned what this could mean for republicans at the polls? >> it depends on the state or congressional district. i think most americans when you look at the polling data, the research arm of planned parenthood said 72% of americans would support a 15 week bill. i have not looked at it closely. it is a 15 week bill. it has the exceptions. that is where most people are. i think it depends on the state and congressional district and how individual candidates deal with it. >> we are glad to be talking today on a number of subjects including border security and immigration. you are the ranking republican on the homeland security committee. you support more restrictions

and returning to title 42. i wonder what you make of other republicans sending busloads of grants to places around the country that do not have the infrastructure in place right now to accept them. >> i think it is good to raise awareness about it. i don't know if this is the most effective way. my understanding is no migrant gets on a bus without being asked if they would like to come. it is voluntary. it is not like people are being required to do it should people come to the border. they are seeking asylum should they are told this bus is going to boston or new york or chicago. they get on the bus. they get a free ride to the location. apparently that is something a lot of migrants are interested in doing. i think it is something that will raise some awareness. it also does provide transportation to individuals. they want to go to places where they might have fairly members -- have family members. it is a reflection of the broken

border system that there are so many thousands of people every day crossing the border. we are looking at huge numbers we have not seen before in terms of the ultimate number. over one million people during this administration that have come in this way through the asylum process. almost none of whom had a hearing or subject to any court proceedings because that will be several years down the pike because there are so many people in the backlog. the system is not working. >> we just came back from ukraine. officials told my colleague and they will need billions of dollars for months to, indefinitely. i talked to republicans on the hill that already are cooling down to the idea of continuing funding for ukraine. how song do you think the commitment is? are you concerned about whether the u.s. will keep funding for ukraine? >> i feel strongly about this issue. i am co-chair and cofounder of the ukraine caucus because i have a lot of ukrainian americans in ohio and i have been to ukraine a number of times since 2014.

i was there a couple weeks ago. it is our fight in addition to their fight. they are not asking for troops on the ground but what we are providing them is the ability to defend themselves against this russian invasion which is brutal, legal, unprovoked and the results of which are terribly tragic. i am encouraged by what i've seen over the last few weeks which is the weapon systems and the ammunition we have provided for ukraine is now working to turn the tables. they are making progress over 3000 square miles liberated over the last few weeks by the ukrainians. this is not the time for us to pull back. it is time to continue providing support along with many other countries. there are 49 other countries providing military support to ukraine. we are the leaders. we need to continue to lead the free world in this fight because it is a shield for freedom. not just for ukraine but certainly for eastern europe. europe as a whole and for the entire world because otherwise our allies are going to look at

this and say -- take over another country and in this case an ally and that will establish a precedent that will make the world much more dangerous and volatile and caused us a lot more overtime. >> senator portman of ohio. thank you for talking. ♪ amna: we return now to our ongoing coverage of america's criminal justice system. tonight we explore what is called gate money. the small sums some states give to people on the day they walk out of prison should advocates argue this money is often too little to help people and to keep them from falling back into a life of crime should william is back with a look at a california initiative to dramatically increase the assistance. it is part of our series, searching for justice. >> i wake up in my bed some

mornings and i look around like where am i at? >> you cannot believe you're out. >> i cannot believe i am out. >> he was released from san quentin prison in may after more than a decade behind bars for armed robbery. he was raised in foster care and says he first joined a gang at age 12 looking for some semblance of a family. he has been locked up on-and-off and off for most of his life. >> i have more memories in praise and then on the outside. >> when he got out, he was handed what is called gate money. he like all returning citizens got the same amount, $200. >> good luck, buddy. don't come back. but that paid for is a meal at jack-in-e-box for me and my partner and $80 for gas. at the end of that i was like i could about 60, 70 bucks left to try to figure out my life for the first time ever.

>> this was christmas 2012. >> he was fortunate because his sister let him move in with her and her wife and she helped him get his ids and a used car. >> even with the support i had, i struggled so much that even at this point, you see me in this house but i'm moving tomorrow. i have to check into a transitional house because i cannot afford rent. this is with the support i have. imagine all the people who don't have that support. >> you are kind of one of the lucky ones. >> i am extremely lucky yet i am still struggling. these are the two options. you can be lucky and struggling or you can be unlucky and go back to prison. >> the amount of gate money given out varies by state. colorado gives $100. alabama gives 10. california's 200 is the most in the nation. >> the $200 was the same amount in 1973. you are asking someone in 2022 to use $1973 to live in a 2022

age with 2022 expenses. >> california state senator democrat sydney kamlager passed a bill to raise california's gate money to $2600 should that is the average monthly cost of living in california according to mit's living wage calculator. in legislative negotiations, that money was cut in half to 1300. if signed into law, her office says it would cost the state about $42 million a year. what would you say to someone who thinks, $1300 is a lot of money and these people may have done awful money that got them in prison in the first place and i'm uncomfortable with the idea of giving them that much money? >> i think if you are asking folks to do their part, to rehabilitate, to reenter society, to be succeful and you give them no financial support even for a month, even

for a month, is it really their fault alone that they end up back in prison? >> about two thirds of the more than 600,000 people released from prison every year are rearrested within three years. >> we invest billions of dollars to build jails, build prisons and incarcerate people. we don't make the same investments to make sure when people finish their time they have a fighting chance to reintegrate into society and to build a new life. >> stanley richards was once incarcerated but later rose to a leadership role in new york city's department of corrections. he now works at a group that helps returning citizens. he says increasing gate money will not solve all of their problems what he says even if it helps some, it makes economic sense. >> in new york city it costs us about $500,000 to incarcerate a

person for a year. it is our tax dollars that pay for that. imagine if we took a fraction of that to invest in reentry. we could fundamentally change who goes in, how many people go in and significantly reduce that number. >> 47-year-old alan mcintosh was one of those people who cycled in and out of prison. he has been out a few months after serving 24 years for a weapons charge. he says this last conviction came after he was released in the 1990's, given $200 but little else. he bought a bus ticket. >> i can remember buying a pair of shoes because i had flip-flops on from a guy that was at the bus station. that cost me like $30. now i got 140 to live on with no direction. >> he says he soon fell back on

old habits and got convicted on a gun charge. >> from the moment you get out you are already scrapping with $200 so your mind is not focused on doing the things you need to do. >> that looks like savanna. >> now out for a second time, he is married to his high school sweetheart and he has found a new source of support. an organization known as the center for employment opportunities. it gives people coming out of prison three payments totaling about $2700 and expects them to hit certain goals like drafting a resume or finding a job. mcintosh who is the property manager at this oakland housing complex says his first assistance check was for $750. >> the first 70 i spent -- first 750i spent on a wardrobe because i have a job now. this was one of the first outfits i bought. >> looks good.

>> thank you. >> sam shafer is the head of ceo. they work with about 8000 returning citizens each year in 12 different states. they have provided this assistance to over 10,000 people. >> those three payments are meant to be the booster that helps someone in those really difficult first three months when they are coming home. those three months where they will probably face some of the steepest areas to reentry. it gives them an ability to get back on their feet to support themselves and their family. >> this is the only home i have ever had. it is like -- >> it is moving day. even though he also got help from ceo, rent is still expensive so he is moving out of his sister's place in sacramento to a transitional house closer to his job at a nonprofit in oakland. his two sisters and little nephew came to help. >> your room is going to be back here. >> where she'd family -- rashida's family served eight years.

he is now a director at a group that owns several houses like this and helps people like him reenter society. >> how do we try to prevent crimes or recidivism from happenin that is by helping people heal. her people hurt people. -- hurt people hurt people. why take someone who is hurt and put them in her environment? >> people who come out need some training wheels. they need someone to guide them through before they can start peddling on their own. you don't just throw a kid on a bike and say go for it. i feel like that is the same thing. > for now, california's gate to money is still said at what it was 50 years ago. the legislation to raise it is on governor newsom's desk. >> y'all drive safe. >> in the meantime, people like him will rely on the support of nonprofits and their families as they try to start their lives over again. >> y'all drive safe.

>> for the pbs newshour, i'm william brangham in northern california. ♪ amna: the sports world is losing a legend. swiss champion roger federer announced today he is stepping away from competitive tennis. geoff bennett has more. >> 20 time grand slam champion, eight wimbledon titles and five consecutive u.s. open spit for two decades, roger federer has built one of the greatest records in the greatest records in the games history. he holds the professional tennis record for the most consecutive weeks at number one and the record for the oldest player to rank number one at age 36 in 2018. what injuries and surgeries over the last three years have taken their toll. today, roger federer broke the news of his retirement and a letter he read to fans over social media.

>> i have worked hard to the return to full competitive form but i also know my body's capacities and limits and its message to me lately has been clear. i am 41 years old. have played more than 1500 matches over 24 your spirit tennis has treated me more generously than i have dreamt and i must recognize when it is time to end my competitive career. >> fedor will play heads final competitive match next week in london. to discuss the impact of the career he leaves behind, i'm joined by former professional tennis star patrick mcenroe. roger federer's tennis agent i learned today said he had been trying to convince fedor to retire years ago but that he always was interested in challenging himself. how does the news of his retirement strike you? >> it is actually kind of emotional for me. i'm supposed to be unbiased as a commentator for 25 plus years with espn roger federer aects people and i think that is part

of his genius and his popularity is not just he is one of the greatest tennis players to pick up a racket. it was his ability to connect with people at every level all over the world. he is one of the most recognizable athletes on the entire planet. he did it with a grace. he did it with an elegance. he did it with a competitive spirit that was yes, intense but also very joyful about the way he went about playing the game. as you heard from his agent, one of the reasons roger has been able to do it for so long at such a high level is because he loves the game of tennis. he loves the sport. he loves to play the game. he loves to be around the game. of course he loves to win and compete and battle but i think it is his passion for the game that has separated him. what we sell at this year's u.s. open is any inkling of what is to come in the world of tennis,

he has left his work in more ways than what he has done on the court but also the way he has handled himself, the way he has treated the game because these young superstars at the u.s. open were quite frankly electrifying in the way they play the game but also their demeanor on the court and we can thank ror federer for that chip >> a question about what he has done on the court. how would you characterize his impact on the way the came is played -- the game is played? ? his servant, his footwork, his backhand will be remembered. how did advance the way the game is played? >> i think that what happened in the early 2000's is the game started to get way more powerful. you started to see big servers and players bludgeoning the ball roger federer came along and he was a bit of a throwback. he was a classic player with a one-handed backhand. he played with slice. he played with finesse. he played with the grace. he could come to the net did he

could hit drop shots. he could also play the power game. he took the classical game and he brought it into the modern era of tennis. he forced the other players most notably rough in a doll and novell -- rafael nadal and yvette djokovic to continue to improve their games to catch up to him and in the case of those two surpass him in terms of total grand slam wins. in that way, he left a mark with the way he played the game and push the envelope for the rest of the field. to me it was his ability to show that you could be a great champion but also do it with dignity, grace, sportsmen step, cry when you lost, cry when you win. show your emotions on the corporate when you saw carlos alcaraz and yun extender play a spellbinding match at the u.s. open, i was thinking we can thank roger federer for this because you raise the bar in a big way. >> you have a personal memory or

two you can share with us. give us onof them. >> one of them was one of the first time i was working in television. i was covering a big tournament in cincinnati. it was a final day and roger federer played james blake and he just destroyed him in about 49 minutes which in final is very fast. i was sitting down next to him about to interview him on live tv. we had gone to a commercial break. they did not do the trophy ceremony yet. i sat down next to his bench. i said congratulations. well done. is it ok if i ask you a few more questions than normal because you took care of the match so quickly, we need some extra time to fill. he said no problem. he said, you know, i ball boyd for you. i said, what? he said i ball boyd for you in basel. you played the final against wayne ferrera. i said i did.

you must've been rooting for me. he ge me that sheepish grin. he said no because for is south african and my not -- my mom is south african. it was amazing he had the wherewithal at that moment to think about me. i am some little reporter former journeyman tennis player. that is the kind of person he is. that is the way he has touched all of us in the tennis world in the tennis community. is respect for the game and people around him. that is why he is one of the most beloved athletes of all time. >> espn's patrick mcenroe. thank you for your insights and for making time for us. >> thank you for having me. ♪ amna: on the newshour online, teachers in missouri are the lowest paiin the country and now they are demanding change to prevent staff shortages in schools. you can read more at

pbs.org/newshour. and that is the newshour for tonight. i'm amna nawaz. furnace online and here -- join us onlinand here tomorrow evening. thank you for joining us. we will see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by - >> 25 years, consumer cellular has been offering no contract plans to help people do what they like. our u.s.-based customer service team can help find a plan that works for you. >> the ford foundation, working with visionaries on the front lines of social change worldwide. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and friends of the newshour including leonard and nora core find. and with the ongoing support of

these institutions. ♪ and friends of the newshour. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. this is the pbs newshour from w eta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university.

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