judy: good evening, on the newshour tonight, the cost of war. ukrainian authorities recover bodies for mass graves found in the territory. we discussed the tenuous state of the where with ukraine's foreign minister. >> this is our country. we will fight as long as it is needed to restore the integrity of ukraine. judy: then, the investigations. a judge appoints an outside expert to review the classified document seized in the fbi sech of former president trump's florida home. and, it's friday. jonathan and michael way and on

recent controversies over immigration, and how access to abortion is likely to play in the midterm election. all that and more on tonight's pbs newshour. ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour been provided by. >> pediatric surgeon, volunteer. a raymondjames financial advisor. taylor's advice to help you live your life. life will plans. >> and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions and friends of the newshour, including jim and nancy and kathy and paul anderson. >> the foundation fostering an and engaged communities more at

kaf.org. ♪ >>nd friends of the newshour. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. judy: a gruesome scene has played out today and ukraine. officials began examining bodies buried in what kyiv calls the largest mass grave of the war. it was discovered near the city in the kharkiv region just liberated from russian occupation.

here is our report. a warning, it contains disturbing images. >> and a forage on the edge of the city, the alternate dehumanization, unmarked graves. some got numbers. civilian 258 of more than 400. this is now ukrainian held territory, sthe ukrainians. here are finally accessible to investators. but that means in this war the dead earn no rest. today authorities exhume the bodies in order to try to hold pressure accountable. none of these ukrainians received burials or coffins, but they were on the receiving end of russian torture. kharkiv's governor called a proof of russia's attempt to destroy. >> there are many children, there are bodies with hands tied on their backs, each of these facts will be investigated and it will get a review. the world has to acknowledge that this is a genocide of the ukrainian people. >> many of the 40,000 residents

left the city that was devastated by six months of occupation. but he stayed. >> we retreat -- we retrieved our neighbor together with another neighbor. all of his family, sen people in total are most likely buried here. >> the ukrainian president demanded the lawbreakers be labeled. >> if there is no recognition of russia as a state sponsor, it will be a portrayal of all those killed by russian forces who were tortured, who were buried in numerous mass graves throughout the territory russia invaded. >> 5000 miles away at a press conference with georges pre minister, antony blien reiterated the u.s. opposed the sponsor terrorism that said the u.s. was working hard to help ukraine find justice. >> i think it will be very important to making sure those who have committed atrocities in those who ordered them are held accountable. >> that could require targeting

vladimir putin. today the conference in central asia he vowed to continue fighting. >> our offensive and the donbass region is not stopping. slowly, gradual, we are not in a hurry. >> in a meeting with indian prime minister, he acknowledged for the second day in a row that the war was unpopular. >> i know your stance on the conflict and uaine. i know about the concerns you voice constantly. we will do everything for it to stop asoon as possible. >> but it is not the russians who are stopping. it's the ukrainians who are liberating occupied territory. and in so doing, exposing the horror of russian crimes. for pbs newshour, i'm in kyiv. judy: ukraine human rights commission are estimated more than 1000 people were tortured and killed across the kharkiv regent before it was liberated -- region before it was liberated. ♪

judy: in the days other news, wall street ended one of its worst weeks this year as fedex and general electric reported sharply negative business trends. the dow jones industrial average was down another 139 points today. it lost 4% for the week. the nasdaq fell 104 points today and 5.5% for the week. the s&p 500's losses today let it down 4.8% this week. president biden met this afternoon with relatives of brittney griner and paul whelan, the americans jailed in russia. greiner, a pro basketball star, pleaded guilty to ug related charges. whalen is a corporate security expert convicted of espionage. something that he denies. the administration has condemned their detainment and offered a

prisoner swap, but russia has not agreed. migrants flown to him martha's vineyard massachusetts on thursday have been taken to a military base. the move was voluntary. the migrants boarded buses to catch the ferry to cape cod. state officials said they will receive food and housing at the base. florida's republican governor arrange the migrants flight. he says there may be more to come. the line in london to view queen elizabeth's coffin was so long today that authorities closed it for seven hours. when the line reopens, it still stretched for ve miles. the government warned that it could take 24 hours to get into westminster hall. the queen is lying and stayed there. former soccer star david beckham was among those sticking it out. david: i grew up in a family that were all royalists and i said earlier that, today, i

think back to my grandparents because if my grandparents were alive, they would've been here. judy: at one point today, king charles and his siblings stood at a silent vigil at the coughing for 15 minutes. the queen's funeral is monday. in pakistan, floodwaters are now rapidly receding in the south and the hard-hit proppants. rod -- water levels have fallen as much as three feet in the last 48 hours, but could still take three months to return to normal. millions are homeless and sleeping in makeshift tents after the summer of historic monsoons. the death toll has exceeded 1500. tropical storm fiona is moving into the caribbean tonight. it's expected to cross that we word islands before closing on the virgin islands, puerto rico, and the dominican republic aid saturday. the storm could bring a foot of rain and touch of flash floods and mudslides.

air traffic controllers in france faced a daylong strike today overpay and recruiting. departure boards turned red with domestic and international flights canceled or delayed. thousands of passengers were left stranded. still on the newshour, the death of queen elizabeth draws mixed reactions from former british colonies in africa. a new can burns documentary examines the united states response to the holocaust. a mother and daughter sit down for a candid conversation about vaccine hesitancy. plus, much more. ♪ >> this is the pbs newshour from w eta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. judy: the revations of more massraves and potential russian war crimes have horrified many. a new and revolting seen in an already brutal war.

it is now nearly seven months since russia's invasion of ukraine whose forces are running an effective counteroffensive in the east and the south. nick schifrin is finishing two weeks of reporting in the country and he sat down this morning with ukraine's foreign minister. >> mr. foreign minister, thank you, welcome. we have spent the last week in kharkiv where we found the villages and towns were liberated from pressure for the past six months. we met a woman who had to witness the excavation of her own son who was tortured and murdered russian soldiers. he visited a room that russian occupiers used for torture. now police have announced a mass grave of 400 soldiers and civilians. can you talk to russian -- russia diplomatically when it soldiers are committing the crimes that we've seen? >> that's a very painful question you ask. as a diplomat i have to be ready to talk, even with the devil of

the national interest of my countries require so. but i am also a human being in the last thing i want to do is to talk to them. after everything russia has done, and it has become a patent -- apparent that war crimes and atrocities always follow the russian army. after seeing all of that i have a strong feeling that the best negotiating table with russia is the battlefield. but again, this is two parts of me fighting each other, struggling with each other inside of me. of course i know how to take emotions under control, and if i face the need to engage in serious negotiations, i will, but i do not see any interest or indicators from russia that they are seeking serious negotiations for many reasons. look at the way there was an attack by russia on the river dam >> absolutely, it had no

military objective. it was an attack on a critical piece of infrastructure with only one reason, to cause flood and mass death of civilians. so, when a country behaves like this, negotiations are closing. >> the u.s. certainly wants to give you the most progress so that you have the best position at the bargaining table. are the gains that you've had in kharkiv enough in order to consider negotiations, just from those gains that you had already? >> definitely not. the moment we will hear from president putin or from someone from his entourage that they want to engage in talks, we shouldn't rush to respond positively. first we have to answer question why all of a sudden russia is seeking negotiations. may be because it is in a

condition when it cannot defend its gates militarily, so it tries to buy time and defend these games diplomatically. >> has russia been reaching out to kyiv? >> no, but if this is the case in a call for negotiations at the moment of their highest weakness, then why should we be interested? definitely, our goal will be to kick them out of the country entirely. >> despite the territory seized from russia and kharkiv, the ability of the meritor -- the military in the south is a paris's year, even in the don best level of crimea is difficult according to the analysts that i speak to. will there come a point that if ukraine admits that it's impossible that we seize all of that territory, negotiations can begin? >> we will never come to that

conclusion or that point. this is our country. we will fight as long as it is needed to restore territorial integrity of ukraine. but the recent achievements in kharkiv region, they are visible, remarkable, we also have achievements in the south. they prove that we can win. >> it sounds like what you are saying is that the military success, the ability for the military to prove that russia cannot necessarily hold grounding sees is important for your political support. >> definitely. not only political, but public support. we all know the story that people like to support the winners. every game that we make is important to inspire our partners in the world to continue supporting us, and to step up the support. >> ukraine's government needs 5 million but dollars a month in

order to pay its bills. is the west giving you enough economics? >> not yet. but i want to make one point, the numbers we have mentioned are absolutely correct. there was not a single month since february where we would receive this. though we didn't receive this 5 billion for month -- per month, we still managed to survive and adapt our economy to renew wartime reality. our life will not be getting better financially in the coming months, so this 5 billion is needed. >> of the europeans promised economic support that hasn't been delivered? >> yes. most of the governments were committed to stepping up to continue the support, but it requires consensus. they make promises, but then building a consensus to get things done appears to be more

difficult than promising something. >> the u.s. continues to resist ukrainian request to deliver the longer-range emissions for critical high marks. publicly, at least the u.s. says that it is not delivering those longer-range munitions because ukraine doesn't need them on the battlefield. does ukraine need them? >> we do, and our generals have excellent line of communication with american generals. they are discussing this issue. we appreciate everything the united states has done, but there are some specific types of weapons that are needed to, again, get things done on the battleground. i do not exclude the option that the united states will make a positive decision on the specific type of weapon. >> you say that negotiation continues? >> yes. >> has ukraine used weapons to strike crimea? >> no >> do you think it has

called prudence left? a claim that crimea was under russian nuclear. >> absolutely, the psychological effect of these incidents and crimea is far more important than the military effect. >> there have been critical infrastructure attacks in ukraine in the last couple of days, do you believe that you would've been able to stop those attacks had she received the air defense systems that u.s. and germany, among others had promised, but not yet delivered? >> absolutely. we need air defense systems to shoot down russian missiles targeting our cities and our infrastructure. and the sooner we get them, the more civilian lives will be spared. >> thank you very much. ♪

judy: a federal judge has rejected the justice department's access declassified documents seized by the fbi in last month search of former president trump's mar-a-lago home. the judge has also appointed a veteran new york jurors to serve as a special master that will independently review the classified records. to help us understand what this means for the investigation into the former president president, i am joined by university of michigan law professor and former u.s. attorney barbara. welcome back to the newshour. what is known about this jurists who has been appointed as special master by the judge? >> he really has a very good reputation, i think he's a fine judge, he is a long time judge on the eastern district of new york and brooklyn, he previously served as u.s. attorney there, an appointee of ronald reagan, and also served on the foreign

intelligence surveillance board. that's important because that signals that he has experience dealing with classified documents. that part of the order is great, but the problem is, it's as if saying, guess what, you've got a world-class urchin who's going to remove your attendance, isn't that great. except you say, i don't need my appendix removed. judy: we should've said the name is judge raymond who, as you say, was an appointed -- was appointed to the bench by former president trump. he's now are tired but still active in ways and the judiciary. what will his job be exactly? >> it's not exactly clear, but he has issued his first letters to the parties today asking them to appear on tuesday, which is a good sign, he's moving quickly, and he asked them to set the agenda as to what he should be looking at. i think this is a good move on his part and an opportunity for the justice department to

perhaps narrow the areas of disagreement. what the justice department really wants so urgently as an opportunity to fully review those 100 or so classified documents so that they can make sure that there is no damage to our intelligence community and sources whose lives might be in danger or methods of collection that might be compromised. it's an opportunity for them to get that at the top of the list. judy: remind us what are the arguments of the judge who made this decision to get a special master involved, what are the arguments that she is then making in her ruling that was in disagreement with the department of justice. gracie says a couple of things that justice department disagrees with. i have to say, i think the justice department has the stronger argument. she argues that donald trump has potentially a possessory interest in some of these documents that were seized. the justice department says, no, if they are presidential records they belong to the presidential

records. they are classified, these belong to the government. she says something that i thought was rather shocking and that she said the mere fact that they say classified does not mean that they are classified. that is a real breach of the separations of powers because it is the justice department, the executive branch that's part of their core responsibilities to say what is or isn't classified. the other area of dispute is whether donald trump has executive privilege over any of these documents. again, this does not seem like a viable argument. the idea that he would exert executive privilege against the very executive branch that owns it. so those areas of dispute may force the justice department to file an appeal. they said earlier that they would, at least as to this day because they are obviously thinking not only about this case, but institutionally protecting other cases that may come down the road. judy: when the justice department says, we need to look

at this information, we need to continue our work and do it now, we can't wait, why? what is the reason that they give for needing to do it as soon as possible? >> they want to assess any damage done to the intelligence community. so if, for example there is a source of information who is stationed in a hostile foreign government whose identity has been compromised, that person's life could be in danger. or if there's a method of collecting some to logical surveillance method that is not publicly known that, if that could be to cut -- become discovered it could dry up the source of information or it could be used as a channel to push disinformation if people found out. that's a very urgent challenge. the judge did say you can go ahead and do that part of the investigation, but you cannot use these documents for your criminal investigation. and what the justice department has said is that they are really intertwined. they even got an affidavit from

the director of the counterintelligence select division saying so that you need to interview people to say who had exes to these documents at mar-a-lago? do you know why there may be empty folders on what happened to the contents. this is part of the damage assessment but also the criminal investigation. the worst thing that could happen here is that the justice department, in its effort to protect the integrity of the intelligence, does something that runs afoul of her order. because then they become tainted, and anything that happens down the road in the case could be a reversal of convictions. so you really want clarity upfront about what they are allowed to do and not allowed to do, they don't want their hands tied so that they can conduct this intelligence assessment. judy: sony strands of the story and we are waiting to see tonight whether there is this appeal by justice. this story will definitely continue. and as you said, the special

master will hold a hearing on monday. thank you. ♪ judy: world leaders are preparing to gather in london for the queen's funeral on monday. while glowing tributes continue to pour in, or death has also sparked painful memories and anger among several former british colonies. many of which vote violent struggles for independence. in her passing has prompted a wider conversation about the role of the british monarchy having in their oppression. our special correspondent has this report from one of those former colonies, kenya. >> 98 year old prize for kenya's freedom. he is one of the few surviving fighters who took part in the

uprising against british colonial rule beginning in 1952. he and hundreds of others of fighters rebelled for nearly a decade against the mistreatment and torture at the hand of the british. >> the white man wanted all our harvests, he wanted our forests. we were being beaten, told to kneel down with our hands up and flogged without close. >> he was put into tension in september 1952, and subjected the hard labor for more than five years. many of his friends were killed. it's believed 19,000 kenyans may have been executed during that time. >> i was one of the four people to be hangs. but fortunately i was not hangs. >> many kenyans here describe the oppression in the colonial rule of slavery, pointing to their exploitation on railroad

constructions, as well as farms owned by the british. she is over 90 years old and says she endured over 15 years of mistreatment walking on road construction in kenya. >> there were no roads, we were the ones who createdoads. the white man despised us, our children were being called may's cobs. they were not seen as children. we carried heavy loads on our back to construct roads. >> for many years, the memory of british rule is painful. they recall a time when kenyans were marked -- were marginalized and properties grabbed. many people who participated in this area lost their lives while others died ofheir injuries. after allegedly being tortured by the british colonialists. they are relieved that their efforts led to the freedom of

kenya, but feelisappointed that there has not been any compensation from the british government. indeed kenya gained independence in 1963, but the victims of oppression here aren't sorry about the queens death, because they say she offered no apologies, even after making several visits to former colonies in africa. they say the uprising broke out in staff africa. freedom fighters, such as former south african president nelson mandela, was detained for decades and faced torture and prison cells. despite the queens warm relation with nelson mandela after his release in 1990, some south africans feel she said -- she should have acknowledged atrocities by the british. they are calling for an end to any nostalgia and to the british monarchy. >> the monarchy has never

produced or done anything positive to south africa. there is nothing positive that the monarch has ever done. >> still, several african leaders has sent kind messages of condolences and have praised her efforts to restore friendly ties with former colonies. >> i saw her driving in a ceremonial car with nelson mandela, a longtime victim of colonialism in south africa. that was part of her contribution to the mutating world efforts for the contribution. >> as king charles takes over the throne, there are questions whether britain will acknowledge their atrocities committed by british colonial masters. but for victims like them, there is not much time left and they

may not live to see compensation , acknowledgment, or even an apology. for the pbs newshour, i'm isabel and nairobi. ♪ judy: migrants landn martha's vineyard and at the vice president's doorstep. inflation rebounds and abortion divides republicans on capitol hill. it's all part of a full week and it's why we are grateful to turn to the analysis of capehart and kherson. that is jonathan k, associate editor for the washington post, in his post-colleague opinion his colleague michael kherson. david brooks is a way, hello to both of you on this friday evening, thank you for being here. let's start with the migrant situation. jonathan, we have two governors, the governor of texas, greg

abbott, the governor of florida, ron desantis, sending plain loads, busloads of migrants to washington, d.c. and just in the last couple of days to martha's vineyard, this island a part of massachusetts. they say it's about payback because the federal government hasn't done anything about this. others are staying consistent politically. >> it's a time. they've sent busloads and plain loads of migrants to not just washington, d.c. and martha's vineyard, but new york city, chicago, and giving no notice. i didn't interview with mayor eric adams for the texas tribune festival and i asked him, have you spoken to governor abbott? no. there's no coordination. no one is calling them. and as we know about what happened on martha'sineyard, they got a pho call 20 minute before that the plane was going to land. using human will -- human lives like this, these are people.

particular people who landed on maha's vineyard. these are people who traveled from venezuela, and i'm not talking about flying in on planes, they walked from their, and then they get to texas and someone says to them, are you looking for a job, you are looking for a home, come this way, and puts them on a plane to martha's vineyard. the one saving grace is all of this is that martha's vineyard is an island, a community that is known for its openness and there's a sign that i've seen on the vineyard since at least 2019, 2020 that reads, we respect women, we value black lives, we stand with our lgbtq community members, stand with immigrants, refugees and indigenous peoples. just saying to the folks who visit martha's vineyard that you are in a community that prizes diversity and prizes humanity, and that's not what we've seen from avid or just santos. judy: will this send you closer

to a solution? >> goodness no. it's a big thing in their world to own the lives. that means essentially mocking them in ways to make them look bad, and this is a case where you had a governor of the united states trying -- trying to own the lives with human beings. these states were once known as laboratories of democracy, laboratories of policy. now they are laboratories of progressivelyorse and humanity. texas, florida, and the like. it indicates something disturbing about much of our political system. it has become performative. these are performances by politicians. not this pursuit of ideas or solutions or common ground. it's really, i'm going to send

this message to try to hurt my enemies, and i will do it in the most dramatic way possible, and we have not even reached the bottom of it yet. judy: i hear people all the time saying, why can't we do something about immigration? the president after president, republicans and democrats have not been able to do that, why not? >> because there doesn't seem to be a will to do it. i remember president george w. bush trying really hard to get an immigration reform bill done and he gave up in 2007 when they cannot get 14 votes to get cloture. in the senate president obama tried over and over and over again while at the same time enforcing, deporting people where he had allies of him calling him to porter in chief. he then started doing daca, but they did not do anything. president trump, build a wall, putting babies in prisons.

if governor abbott and governor desantis were really serious about doing something about the border, they would be spending, they would be commuting to washington, d.c., walking the halls of congress, amending a meeting with the president, and sitting down together to come up with a plan and forced congress to pass the plan, but that's not what they are doing. judy: do you see any way through this hard issue? >> the problem now is that one of the essential elements of their ideology is us versus them. and someone from an ethnicity like from venezuela is an easy them, because they look different and speak differently. the opposite here, these are many people who claim to be christians in their political engagement. in one of the most basic principles of religious ethics is welcoming the stranger. how could this possibly be

consistent with what we are seeing in republican ideology right now? that i'm afraid it's baked into trumpism. there always has to be an enemy, there always has to be a them and this is what they've chosen. judy: another tough issue that has come up this week, and that as we saw in the senate, lindsey graham, south carolina republican proposing what's almost a national ban, a national ban on abortion, 15 weeks limit. but it's interesting, there were some republican senators who are saying or indicating they couldn't go along with this. what is happening with the issue of abortion now? >> i'm still trying to understand why senator graham did what he did knowing what we know, how the american people feel about the issue of abortion. in the kansas vote from the summer wasn't a big indicators to republicans that you need to tread lightly here, i don't know what is. instead, the senator proposes

this band. the fact that republicans on the hill are walking away from him says nothing to him because midterms are coming. will those same people be walking away from senator graham after the midterms when maybe they tried to do it in the lame-duck, or if the republicans get the majority, will they still walk away from senator graham? will they go with him? the other thing is, once you start at 15 weeks, once you start that debate, that's not the end of the debate, that's the beginning. what more are they going to want to do to try to have more control over bodily economy for women? will they go after contraception or other things that really strike at people's own personal liberty? judy: what do you think is behind what senator graham is doing, and how do you read the republican reaction? >> what he's doings political.

it complicates the lives of almost every one of his colleagues. but, i think i know him well enough that he believes this is actually a moderate republican position. if you look at the number of abortions that take place in america, according to the cdc, about 92%, 93% arbor 413 weeks. what he is proposing, i think what people don't quite realize is, if you accept a 15 week ban, you've allowed most abortions in america will above 90% and other times in the history of the pro-life movement, people would look at this and say, this is total surrender. so the bill itself is not extreme, and he makes exceptions for rape, incest and life of the mother. judy: so why are a member of republicans not signing on? >> politically, they don't want to engage in the details of an issue they don't want to talk about.

this is a case where the polling is really bad when you look at the pro-life perspective that pele wanted to keep roe v. wade. but if you look at the polling about a 15 month ban, it's just about even in several polls. i think that graham knows that and thinks this is the way it should be argued. but it also is a political disaster for republicans. >> this whole thing feels like politics. i hear what you are saying, michael, about this is actually republicans who think that this bill is surrender, but i watched part of that press conference, senator graham's press conference and there was a woman there who asked a question, a very personal question about a complication with her own pregnancy. really horrible complications. she spoke from a human, personal level and he answered her by dodging the question and relying on political talking points

goingfter democrats. if you really care about this issue, then you need to talk to them, you need to talk to that woman. you need to address her concerns, and that's what republicans aren't doing. judy: another subject i want to bring up, that's pretty bad news about inflation prices. this is an issue that democrats are worried about. republicans beating that drum. but from a pocketbook standpoint, what's going on right now? the economy we are told is strong, but prices are going up. what's happening? what's behind all of this? >> i think the president has had a pretty good couple of weeks when you look at it in total. we found the inflation for gasoline and other products are down. you've had some fairly bad news on inflation, but you still have

unbelievably low unemployment in america. that's actually part of the problem, a tight labor market ineases inflation. biden is, to some extent, the least popular, most successful president. but even the popularity has come up a few points in the last few weeks. i think he is looking to try to build on that success, create the appearance of confidence in progress, and it actually is working, to some extent. i think that a long you see movement. judy: how do you see this and what the role of inflation plays? >> in terms of this confidence, the president averting the rail strike is something that was necessary, but imagine if there had bn a rail strike, the

inflation would've complicated the story, it would've complicated inflation, but i do think that inflation is a big worry, it's a big worry for the administration because we know as much as abortion is working well for democrats politically in terms of getting women to register to vote. we know at the end of the day, people look at their pocketbooks, and if prices are high, if gas starts spiking, they look at their own personal economy. judy: you saw it in a poll that the newshour is a part of. even though the economists and experts say you're not in a recession yet, it may be down the line, a majority of americans, a large majority of americans think we are already in recession. >> right, it's personal. judy: jonathan, michael, thank you both.

a new documentary from ken burns and his colleagues begins on pbs on sunday. it is a different window into the holocaust with a focus on this country. burns is calling get the most important film we will ever make. -- she will ever make. jeffrey brown has a look for our arts and culture series, canvas. >> the nazis had already begun the mass murder of jews. that they were actually determined to eliminate all the jews of europe. >> the holocaust, the murder of some 6 million jews and millions of others. an ideology that drove nazi germany and aimed at wiping out the entire jewish population off the earth. >> one of the stories we tell ourselves that we are a land of immigrants. but in moments of crisis it becomes hard for us to live up

to those stories. >> the u.s. and the holocaust, a six-hour documentary presented over three nights, shifts focus to make this an american story as well. one that raises troubling questions of this country's history and action. >> we didn't make the holocaust happened, but the anti-semitism, racism in the united states, xenophobia, what we did with our native population, all contributed and are part of a story and tells the story of the u.s. and the holocaust, not just the government, but the people. it actually forced us to see, look at and think about how we restructure the story of the holocaust. >> ken burns has lived and worked on rural farmland in new hampshire for more than four decades. >> choose where parasites, not germans. >> we saw him poring over

footage and crafting language for this film. we spoke again recently in new york with burns along with coproducer sarah. >> i think when we began, there was a sense that this was filling in a kind of gap in the quilts of all the different subjects that we've done. but as this project accrued, it had a kind of urgency and kind of heartbreaking to it that has changed to im as a human being. >> the idea was partly inspired by and in sufficient at the united states holocaust memorial museum in waington, d.c. and recently burns and coproducer were back to talk about their new film. he is the director of educational issues at the museum. >> students come into the classroom often times thinking that the holocaust did not happen. so, we know there's interest,

but there's also a lot of questions that students are bringing. >> it's not being released by a jewish organization. >> the film features historians. >> is coming from a governmental source. it's much harder to dismiss it. >> and now all the survivors who escaped to the u.s. as children. >> if we can make that clear in a graphic and uerstandable, not as something to imitate, but as a warning of what can happen to human beings. >> it explores american attitudes in the 1920's and 1930's. the growing activity and outright xenophobia and hatred towards immigrants. >> a man of the o stock is being crowded out of many country districts by these foreigners. >> the passage of laws that restricted asians and set strict quotas on people from eastern europe, especially impacting jews. even as news stories made clear

what was happening in germany. one way to bring this home, shedding new light on the familiar story of anne frank and her father. >> otto frank stepped up his efforts to try to get to the united states. let's anne frank is you arguably young people's introduction to the subject in history. we started making the film, it came to life that otto frank had desperately tried to get to the united states and he had a lot of connections. he knew the right kind of people who had the rig kinds of money with the right kind of influence. i didn't know that so it seems, initially on the sface if you're making a fil about the u.s. on holocaust, why would you include anne frank, and the fact that we included anne frank and telling her story in a different way became very important. >> this is my great grandfather, max, my great-grandmother, met -- bella. >> she learned about her own

jewish family history as well. she showed us photos that tell a stark story like who survived and who did not. >> this side of the family were able to get out. this side of the family was wiped out. >> the coders are so pernicious with regard to european refugees, particularly jewish refugees trying to get out that it creates a bottleneck that results in the deaths, the unnecessary deaths of tens of thousands of people. that's on roosevelt, the state department, congress and the american people. >> the u.s. took in more than 200 25,000 refugees. more than any other nation. but how much more could have been done to save people? could the military have slowed or even stop the killing of nazi concentration camps? what did political and other calculations of president roosevelt himself? here we see a complicated and contentious history, but there's also an urgent contempory take away.

>> hundreds of white nationalists storming the university of virginia. >> a sequence at the end of the film includes very recent events. charlottesville chance of jews will not replace us. the sweatshirt at the u.s. pitol on generate six. they we very aware of the echoes of history. >> the fragility of democracy, the warning signs we see around the world and here, and how we have to understand and confront our paths to move forward. >> debra in the film says, the time to stop a genocide is before it happens. the time to save a democracy is before it gets away. but those institutionare now under assault and essentially fundamental ways that threaten the existence of the united states of america as a small democratic country. and that's clear from watching this. the time to save democracy is

before it's lost. >> the documentary series the u.s. on the holocaust began sunday night. for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown. judy: we are talking about appointment viewing. also on pbs later tonight, you can watch the latest episode of the seasons beyond the can of his hosted by -- it features interviews and profiles some of the brightest stars in film, art, literature and more. tonight's episode is called black women leave. here's a sneak preview. >> on this episode of beyond the canvas, we meet black women leading the way. >> if you think about 1619 as an origin, that is some of our problems. >> thesere stories of people that are deeply woven into the nature. >> this is the story about her daughter within the context of an exhibition. it's important to get her trust. >> you are figuring out how you will use your platform. there is not a specific way.

>> that's at 10:30 p.m. eastern tonight on most pbs station at a time when misinformation is rampant, the newshour student reporting labs is producing a series of conversations called moments of truth that explore why people believe false information and what causes them to change their minds. tonight, a story about a mother who hesitated to give her child the common childhood vaccine that fights against measles, mumps and rubella. >> i'm a lifelong utah and a mom of two wonderful people. one of whom is here with me today and her younger brother. >> i'm 19 years old and currently attending the university of utah, upper mate -- double majoring in gender studies period i know you read stuff about vaccines that turned out not to be true and that led you to vaccinate me later than was expected. i'm just wondering what went into that? >> i was so excited to be

pregnant with you and nervous and wanted to do e right thing. i also was surrounded by other moms who were very convinced that vaccines were dangerous. there had been an article that came out in the lancet, it was an article by, i think his name was andrew wakefield, about the potential that the mmr vaccine could cause autism in babies. >> so in the 1990's, andrew wakefield was a physician who enrolled about 12 children into a study where he made a link between the mmr vaccine and childhood autism. since then that study has been debunked by numerous sources in the article itself was retracted and wake field has faced centers th in the united kingdom and the united states. >> wet necessarily helps you

come to terms with getting me vaccinated? >> your grandparents were very concerned about the fact that you were not vaccinated. they grew up in a time when their friends had polio in the miraculous polio vaccine really changed everything for my parents generation. so, your -- your grandparents were highly, highly concerned that i was not vaccinating you. >> what do you think makes people more susceptible to this kind of information? >> i would say that my desire to want to do the right thing, to be a really good mom to you, to make sure you are healthy certainly was driving a lot of my questioning and concerned and a certain amount of cynicism. i think that there's mistrust that breeds people's susceptibility. the pediatrician brought out a book and showed me photographs of the consequences for babies

your age if they got measles or mumps or rubella, and those images, honestly are still burned in my brain. but i went home and i thought, ok, what are the consequences i can live with if the worst-case scenario happens on either side, which of those scenarios in my willing to live with? so i opted to have you vaccinated. >> if you could go back and talk to younger you when i was a baby, would you have specific advice for her or what would you say? >> i'm proud of the way i worked rough it. i'm actually really proud of myself and grateful that i listened to my intuition, and that i made those decisions based on faxed -- fax, based on science, but also on what i could live with as a mom personally. >> looking back, i understand it was probably extremely hard to go against your friends and to go against her other feelings about it, but i want to say

thank you and i'm very happy that you did it. >> thanks for saying that, i'm glad you say that period i'm glad you are not, how dare you vaccinate me. judy: such a wonderful conversation from our student reporting labs. you can find more moments of true stories on the news hours youtube channel. join your moderator and her panel on tonight's washington week for analysis of the week's political news. and on pbs news weekend saturday, mark -- why many families in the u.s. cannot afford enough diapers for their children and what's being done to meet the need. that's the newshour for tonight, i'm judy for all of us at pbs newshour, thank you, please stay safe and we will see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by. ♪

it's moving o economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that can access. >> with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions and friends of the newshour, including kathy and paul anderson and camilla and george smith. the walton family foundation, working for solutions to protect more during climate change so people and nature can thrive together. the william and flora foundation for more than 50 years advancing ideas and supporting institutions to promote a better world. ♪ [captioning performed by the

national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.] >> and friends of the newshour. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪

hello, everyone, and welcome to "amanpour & company." here's what's coming up. as tens of thousands of mourners pay personal respects to their queen, western powers rally around ukraine and its successful counteroffensive in the east. i speak with the nato secretary-general jens stoltenberg about the military and diplomatic significance. then -- we consider the past, the present and the future of the british monarchy with historian simon schama. also -- after pakistan's devastating floods millions of displaced people face disease and hunger. hari