♪, ♪ judy: good evening, on "newshour" tonight, cancelling debt, a federal judge and u.s. supreme court denny a block to erase student loan debt. desperate measures, lebanon's financial crisis and citizens rob banks to access their money. >> from now on, drastic measures will be taken even if it costs me my life. judy: and it is friday and we weigh in on the top issues that could determine the election and

the politics in the united kingdom. all that and more on tonight's pbs "newshour". ♪ >> major funding for the pbs "newshour" has been provided by -- >> pediatric surgeon, volunteer, artist and ranking member owned james, advice to help you live your life. life, well planned. >> with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and friends of the "newshour" including jim and nancy and kaght think and paul anderson. >> actually, you don't need vision to do most things in life. but exciting to be driving the technology forward. that is most rewarding.

people who know, know. >> more at kf. >> and friends of the "newshour" this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. judy: former president trump is under subpoena tonight to testify before the congressional january 6 committee. the panel asked today for documents by this november 4 and

testimony by november 14 about the attack on the u.s. capitol. the committee leaders said there is overwhelming evidence that mr. trump or chess traited efforts to overturn the 2020 election and obstruct the transition of power. also today, south carolina senator graham appealed to the u.s. supreme court asking not to testify about efforts not to change georgia's election results. steve bannon was sentenced to four months. he defied a subpoena and cited executive privilege even though he was fired from the white house. he argued that he cooperated with other investigations and was not flowting the law. >> i had lawyers that were engaged and worked through issues of privilege and this me

being above the law is a lie. judy: he will remain free pending his appeal. in ukraine, government forces are ramping up pressures on russian forces in the south. they hit resupply routes including a crucial bridge. in the east, russian shelling and missile fire tried to keep the ukranians at bay. a missile damaged homes and injurying scores of people. the u.n. security council demanding a violence and end to that in haiti and known as barbecue. his gang has blocked a key fuel terminal and did not mention about sending an international security force. top figures in the ruling conservative party jockeyed for

support of fellow law makes makers. we have our report from england. >> senior conservatives andling to become the next leader of a country in dire need of stability. the race is on to rlace liz truss and will go down in history as britain's shortest-serving prime minister. the government conservatives have promised to have a new prime minister within a week the third premier this year. the top contenders is one promising to revitalize the country's economy and the tory grassroots' favorite. d.m. anand: even the former disgraced prime minister johnson

who was forced out. but unclear if he can muster enough support. each candidate needs the backing of at lst 100 conservative lawmakers. >> he is a liar and chief. >> defense secretary ruled himself out of the running today and said he favors johnson. >> england's southern coast and this is a labour swinsy and they hope it will lead to a general election but may be out of luck because the conservatives can stay in office until 2024 as long as they have a parliament-free majority. the last thing they want is a general election because it would be like turkey voting for thanksgiving. >> inhe last seven years and

have not changedne thing in this country. the richer gets richer and the poorer gets poorer. >> nominations close officially monday afternoon. in brighton, england. judy: italy ushers in a new government. the first female premier leading far-right governing coalition sie world war ii. she faces energy prices. and elections commission "t.m.g." pakistan disqualified former prime minister from holding public office for five years. found it he sold gifts and assets and they are angry that he will lose thinks natnal assembly seat. he said he will challenge the

ruling. the federal deficit totalled $1.4 trillion in the fiscal year just ended, down by half of the year before. at the same time, the red ink rose sharply in september reflecting the cost of forgiving student loans and we will return that after the news summary. on wall street, major stock indexes surged. dough jones gained 750 points to close at 1, 82. the nasdaq rows 245 points and s&p added 87. all three indexes gained 5% or more. still to come on the "newshour," refugees flee in central africa. and the latest political headlines. author roger bennett assesses

soccer's greatest players as world cup approaches. plus much more. >> this is the pbs "newshour" from wtae studio and arizona state university. judy: courts have handed a pair of victories to president biden to reduce student loan debt. the decisions come as the application process for the debt relief program has opened online. john yang has the latest. >> states have gone to court to block the debt forgiveness program but without success. president biden hit back at republican critics of the plan. >> let's talk about who is against about millions of you who need the help to make sure

you have a shot. republican members of congress and republican governors are trying to deny their relief to their constituents. as soon as i announced my plan saying all kinds of thing. outrage is wrong and hypocritical. >> 45 million americans carry student loan debt but not all are eligible. the economics of higher education for the "washington post" and danielle, thanks for joining us, so who is eligible for this program? >> anyone with undergraduate loans, graduate loans that are held by the education department, as long as th are individually making less $125 a year or if they are a married couple, $250,000 would be eligible. there are some borrowers who have federal loans that are

backed by the federal government, yet they are not eligible because the loans are held by private lenders. until recently, those folks could consolidate those loans to make themselves eligible for this relief program. around september 29, department of education said those people would no longer be able to participate in the program. >> folks who are eligible, is there a timeline? is there a time they have to apply by? do some of them get this automatically? and what sort of things do you need to apply? >> you need to apply before the end of 2023. december 31, 2023. 12 million have applied since the department of education opened the application last friday and officially launched this monday. as far as the people who can automatically see relief, eight

million for whom the department of education has their information on file and recently filled out the financial aid form and tied to their income. they are being notified. and they have received an email saying you are eligible for automatic relief and don't need to fly. however, if you would like to receive the relief than the people who are in the auto camp, feel free to submit an application. now the department is collecting applications but uncertain when they will start discharging the debt. >> you talked about the loan consolidation, people who have federally-backed loans are cut out of this. how many people are there like this? and a federal judge in missouri who dismissed a challenge to this program from six republican-led states tked about that provision is one of the reasons why he threw the

case out. could you explain that to us? >> certainly. there are 770,000 people who fall into this category of having federally-backed loans held by private agencies. a couple in missouri and arkansas were at the center. they didn't file the lawsuit trying to block this program, but state a.g.'s did. they said that the state would be robbed of revenue if the program would continue because it would entice people to consolidate their loans. the department of trying to cut out people who could consolidate this program kind of undermined that argument, at least that's what the jge said in yesterday's ruling. he dismissed that case because none of the people who brought it had the standing to do so, meaning they couldn't prove

actual harm. the case is being appealed and we are waiting to see what that three panel judges decide. >> standing was brought by a taxpayer group from wisconsin. the district court and the appeals court all agreed that the group did not have standing. supreme court justice barrett upheld those rulings. are there other challenges in the pipeline that could threaten this? >> we have seven active lawsuits that are in some stage and a number of them have been dismissed because of standing and they are trying to fight for relief. the next one we would be wise to watch if you are borrower is a case coming out of texas filed by two borrowers, one who has one of those privately held, federally-backed loans who is

claiming they are not going to be able to take advantage of the program and the other borrower involved in that case is not eligible for the $20,000 of relief of those who had federal pell grants, a particular grant for low-income students. and these two borrowers saying it is arbitrary type of guidelines that the department of education is deciding who is eligible and who is not and they are suing and there are other reasons as the president doesn't have the authority to do that which is at the heart. challenging whether that the president can have the authority to do this without congressional action, hashingenning back to the epa case that came before the supreme court. people are interested to see whether any of these cases get past the issue of standing and if judges look at the merits of their arguments, will they say

yes, the president's authority that he is using does hold up, or, no, that congress needs to be involved in the decision of this magnitude. >> thank you very much-s. judy: deep fincial crisis is expected every aspect of life. there is no static like that and most poor go hungry and joblessness is at record levels. most lebanese keep their savings in u.s. dollars. even those savings are hard to retrieve from banks. nick will speak with our special correspondent. there is this look at the depth of despair driving lebanese to

extraordinary measures. >> this woman demanding money from her own account. they have watched as the value of their lifesavings denied access to the banks as their economy tanked. they are storming back to demand it back. some take weapons and others threaten to hurt themselves. >> i want to the bank trying to withdraw my money. i demanded my deposit so many times only for them to refuse claiming they have no mon. >> this summer he held employees hostage forcing them to hand over $35,000 from his savings account and said he will do it again to get the rest. >> what has happened has happened. but comes will be more severe. drastic measures will be taken.

i will forcibly take back what is rightfully mine even if i have to kill them. >> watching the countrymen has lit a fire and rage. protestors have attacked the central bank demanding justice. they say it is not them. they refuse to believe their money is gone. those who could afford to wait years and deces but may not get value. and prices going through the roof. this is the day they have been saving for. waiting isn't an option. this couple got the devastating news that their two-year-old daughter has cancer and dealing with the mother's worst nightmare, she is dealing with

not able to pay the treatments. before the crisis, the parents were typical middle-class family. after the economy plummeted, their hard-earned $45,000 in savings is worth less than 10,000. the bank has limited the family's withdrawal to $100 a month. >> what did it do for us. and won't pay for a one-night stay for the hospital or the bank is withholding us and making us beg for our dignity. >> it is a breaking treatment and her chances would plummet fast. her doctor is trying to help. if they stop, they could lose

her. >> time is against us. plenty of people are resorting to illicit measures and i don't support it. a person will do anything. my husband wreaked havoc at the bank. >> they will find a way to access their money and continue the treatment they'll know she needs for years. they do to distract their daughter from the stress and fear enveloping their home. >> i'm facing these challenges and suffering all this pain and holds my pain and asks me, why, momma and for that, i have no answer. >> and we are in bare route. beirut. >> the economy has been plummeting for three years now. lebanon's bank used to be 1500.

so the exchange rate started to lip and they wouldn't be able to carry on and imposed capital controls and stopped people from taking their money out. people started to watch their savings disappear even as the exchange rate went down and down and down. 1500 to the dollar and now that is a monumental drop. people have lost 90% of their savings. they are saying they can take it and would loose 75% to 80% of their savings. >> what are the economic prospects tore the country? any reforms? >> it doesn't seem so.

it keeps plummeting. they are trying to plow it into the economy and lift the value of the lera and plummets back down. >> give us a sense, what are the day-to-day conditions that people are having to endure deur. >> people are starving. they can't feed their children and food banks are helping people. they are living off of charity. hospitals are barely functioning and people can't afford their services or medicine. there is no like that in this country. we are currently getting one hour of like that. everybody else runs on generator, if you can afford it. pet food shortages and pretty much getting through the day is impossible and if you have the money to afford this.

judy: climate crisis is a reality all over the world, but especially apparent in northern africa where conflict follows close behind. in the last of our reportsrom chad, special correspondent shows us how dire this crisis has become. >> far from home, but safe for now, this refugee camp in chad houses a community from another cammer ann. she left behind the land she know longer recognizes. >> what actually changed during our grandparents' time, the har

harvest was good. if you overexploit, the land's fertility is depleted. >> many generations before her, this family grazed cattle but this created a new challenge. >> there is not enough rain and the cattle cannot survive without water. the cattle had to move away to get water and that is where they settled. >> her community began competing with another group for access for water and then soon turned deadly. >> men started killing each other. villages and houses were burned. people were killed and burned. people were decap tated. women and children were killed. >> over three days of fighting last december, she estimates more than 150 people died.

>> they have ruined our houses and burned our food and cows and sheep and left nothing at all. >> she fled withamily members to chad where she survives on barter and handouts. >> of course there are difficulties. when you leave in your own home, you should expect things to be different. you have to expect whatever you are given. >> authorities built this refugee camp in six months after the people came into chad. the cause, essentially climate change because the lack of water created a violent conflict between two different communities. can you believe that because of water, people are killing each

other? >> water is what many people will kill for. he was a college student but the violence interrupted his stdies. >> what actually scared me right from the start was the tighting. without warning, fighting erupted i my town. we saw some of the neighborhoods, one called madagascar burned down right in front of our eyes. >> his parents pushed the 22-year-old to leave and feared he would be killed. living on his own, he is proud about what little he has. showing off his yard work and dinner preparations. do you have more food or less food? >> less food. in cameroon. we eat three times per day.

>> the u.n. estimates there are more than half a million refugees from several neighboring countries and escaping because of lack of resources like land or water. >> we still notice there is growing and growing situation where climate change is the root cause of the clashes between communities. >> you have the refugees -- >> this gentleman is the agency responsible for the receive few population in chad. >> they are moving because of the armed conflicts and we have people moving within the country because they have lack of water. they can no longer cross in the area they used to crop because they are forced to move or because the reality forced them

to not use the land they used to have. >> in chad's region, water is visible as we crossed a landscape of dried-out lakes. fresh paint shows that little here has changed. food assistance remains urgent. these people lived in chad but forced from their homes. soldiers provide security two days before our visit. one of the dead was a lifelong farmer to take that up to earn extra money. and the stream has run dry. leaving her with few other options. >> here, there is no lake or river to fish and we don't have an irrigation system for agriculture.

>> under a roof of cardboard slats, she will not return home, whatever her current conditions. >> even if there is no water here, i would prefer to stay here. >> you have no good choices then? >> here, we live in peace and don't get killed by boko hall ram. >> and what the u.n. calls intermly displaced people. they start looking for food and often struggle and then move on. climate change is causing problems. in villages residents are being helped to stay. these palm branches are designed to protect local food production. the desert transformed from dry,

cracked land like this from to a garden aplenty. this land was abandoned because sand was encroaching. and they are trying to remedy that and add animal droppings and/or beganic matters and mix it all together to create this kind of soil which is conducive for agriculture. this man manages this project and returns home every weekend. the wife of the village head is many of workers helping out, clearing weeds. this time of year is a lean season and another six weeks that this corn could be harvested. >> it's this time of year that

is more difficult than the other periods because the production is still? progress and food purchases are more expensive. this time of year is the most difficult. >> drives one of the four water pumps. the rest rely on diesel and prices have skyrocketed. but he hopes the work hermine that people will not suffer food insecurity and food shortages. >> this year is a bit better. and as there is an increase in production, food insecurity has fallen. >> farmers here in chad are forced to adapt by forces far beyond their control. judy: so hard to watch. you can watch two other stories on the food crisis and the security threats in chad online

at pbs. org/newshour. election night just 2 1/2 weeks away, mid-term contests are picking up and candidates are doubli down on issues like crime. british leaders are facing the consequences ofal tumultuous and political moment. "new york times" columnist david brooks and ruth marcus. jonathan is away. hello to both of you. welcome to the table. mid-terms are 17 days away. the winds seem to be favorably blowing in favor of the republicans and we don't know if

that will last. last month, republicans were hyped by one point. and you can see it here -- actually two points. 45%. but this month -- i'm describing it differently. this month, republicans have picked up three points is the upshot and where they stand when voters are asked what party do you support when you think about the congressional vote. what is going on? >> looking at those polls. there is a pretty big shift. four-point lead for republicans. there are some shocking numbers in the polls. democrats were hoping with abortion rights an essential rights, but in our poll, the gender gap is completely gone. in september, independent women voters, not just independent

women, they were plus 14 for the democrats and now plus 18 for the republicans. but among independents overall, republicans are leading by 10. there is a big shift and last week, democrats were defending seats that should be safe. if you look at the politico and the cook people, when they look at the races that are tossup races, these are districts that biden won by 11, 14 points. a lot of republican governors are doing well. in nevada are tied. just a nationwide what at the moment is a wave. judy: the data doesn't look for democrats. >> i think there is a shift. i'm not sure i would call it a wave. there is definitely a change

since the summer when it looked like democrats were talk and i thought it was did he lutional then and now about being able to keep the house. that is not going to happen. they have a prospect of losing the senate. the governors' races are up for grabs and i would say compared to what. they are looking less good than they did a month ago. it is surprising given the external forces that democrats are as well as they are. presidents in mid-terms and their parties get shell akd. you lose 63 seats if you are barack obama. i don't think democrats are going to lose like 63 seats in the house. that isn't going to be as bad as it was. president biden is dealing at

this time the incredible drag of inflation on him and his party. so given where we thought we were going to be at the start of this cycle where it looked like a huge red wave and could be a disaster for democrats, this is going to be a disappointing election night for democrats but not a disaster. judy: you have the historical trend and the economy and you have the issue of crime and public safety, which republicans are running a lot of ads about lately in the last month and showing up in a number of senate races in particular in pennsylvania and in wisconsin an here are two samples. >> sanctuary cities, weak prosecutors, crime escalating and john fetter man says --

>> wanted to abolish. mandel barnes, dangerously liberal on crime. judy: we are told that republicans spending $40 million on crime-related ads. more than triple what they spent. >> first, i agree with ruth, the fundamentals are not good for democrats but i think there are some weaknesses that are exposed in the strategy. hard to win a strategy. republicans have a 10-point advantage. second, very hard to win if you are not trusted and what has become the number two issue and that is violent crime. and it has been up. but the robbery and car scaking. it is not political.

and people think crime is more a reality. bill clinton worked hard to give democrats credibility on crime through the crime bill. democrats have walked away from that crime bill. but they have not found another way to replace it. show they have som credibility and democratic mayors can keep the streets safe. that has to be priority one. and the final issue is homelessness and homelessness allegedly rampant on the streets and what do we do with the homelessness. and republicans have a natural advantage. we want streets that are safe. and don't want someone's son or daughter living in a tent. judy: how are democrats able to

respond to all that? >> it is hard for democrats to have a coherent narrative when they are facing the inflation and threat of a recession. and you can see it in the way we talk about it. we understand crises are high. but you can't say, well, i cread 10 million jobs and your waimtion are keeping pace with inflation. whether it's fair or not because inflation is outside the president's control and party's control. that leaves them to concentrate on issues that could be motivating but going to be subsidiary when people -- we have less than a third of the country that is confident about the track we are on. you can't win on abortion with a

headwind like that. i would point out also that republicans have given the democrats some winds. they have some candidates that have the quality problems that mitch mcconnell talked about. and you know, on the crime, they are being -- i think they are taking a classic republican issue an exploiting injuries that democrats have inflicted on themselves. defunding the police and tngs like that. judy: having a hard time to push back that republicans have traditionally well on. let's look across the atlantic ocean and what is going on in britain and liz truss going down, resignation and you know the story. there is some talk about whether this has some connection to the

conservative message in t united states. what do you see going on there and here? >> i see blair, trump, johnson. liz truss, she might have been listening to line nel ritchie and thought it was 1981 and it was a tax plan that was 1981. and it was a tax plan wrong for the country and also wrong for the tory party. the tory party like the republican party has become a working party. and she didn't get this is mystifying to me. you have to ups the parties have shifted and the republican party is shifting to working-class party. second way it rhymes is just

sheer incompetence. they worn down their talent. people are sick of looking at them on tv. the way she proposed it, this policy and way she withdrew it and u-turned and wasn't handled with sea-level. regular tory m.p.'s just livid how humiliated they were at nursery school politics. judy: and i happened so fast, six weeks. 45 days. not even four scaramuccis. >> do we look across and thank goodness that isn't happening here. >> we should be alarmed by

disfunction elsewhere because it is important for us and europe to have a functioning u.k. especially nows with ukraine. the lessons are two-fold. the first it is not just the wrong tax plan for now but the wrong tax plan, period. the republicans have turned themselves into a working-class party because the tax plans have not been working-class plans. there is serious fear about proposing and implementing any kind of trickle-down economics. they don't pay for themselves and the bond markets will come and get you if you do that. i think your rhymes were taken and i hope we don't have a repetition because i very much hope that we do not see johnson back in office.

been there and and done that. they need someone capable and i fee that johnson back in office would encourage somebody else closer to home. judy: quickly, david. do you think republicans in this country look at what is going in britain and say we won't dor tax cuts? >> i have spent a lot of the week watching kar inch lake, and very strong political talent and moving the party away from paul ryan version of the republican party. she is the future more than regulateon omics. reaganom inch cs. judy: david and ruth.

thank you both. judy: we are less than one month away from the start of 2022 means world cup that will transfix fans around the world. >> the world cup considered by many of the biggest sporting cuts off in qatar. there is excitement around the venue and qatar's outlawing of lgbtq rights. roger has been watching all of this and host of the sock ter podcast "men in blazers" and "gods in soccer."

and he joins me now. always good to see you. no one will grow on the top 100 players. how do you do it? what are the core criteria. >> you need to acknowledge to try to create a definitive list. only undertaken by those who love to grab the third rail in life. but we have our staff together and everybody sees the game differently. it is completely subjective. there is a manager that says football is the most important least important thing. and makes watching sports so compelling. d.m. anand: it is a subjective thing and defend them with the heat of a thousand sundays. >> the book goes back in time

and travels around the world. i notice a few of players are in the book. and not just about achievements on the field and career stats of the you talk about the impact. in the case of briana. >> to us. when two teams take the field, the nation's history and culture and politics take the field along side them. that's what makes the world cup such an experience for the world to experience. greatness can be defined. there is pmp elet, the hams and morgans, football is for humanity and empathy, loyalty, collection to the collective about dreams antennassity. and securey is one of the most

best footballers and only african-american from the youngest youth levels to winning the u.s. women's national team. and when you speak to the players, they all point to her as the pathfinder and very lonely journey and can look at everything in a sense of wonder. >> you have the players. you have my favorite. a lot of other players other people might not have heard of though. you have a favorite story. [indiscernible] her father was a general in the afghan army and hunted down and killed by the taliban and the family fled to denmark and found football andshe could excel at this thing while at the

side managing several master of languages and doctor of medical surgery and makes a mockery of the adage you should stick to sports. >> couple of players we will be saying in the upcoming world cup. this is a tournament hosted in the summer months and being played in november and december. tell us why. >> for reasons that break my heart. the world cup 5 billion human beings and been compared to an eclipse, the hits for an entire month and the organizing body, fifa honored the good saw fit to award the to catta smaller than

connecticut in a podcast that we just made. we inteud a spokes person for the department of justice when the award went down and gave the world cup to russia and 2022 world cup to qatar. and chae that is fueled with human rights concerns and lgbtq concerns. and since that award in 2010 that 6 1/2 thousand beings work on the hotels. it is a world cup that is soaked in blood. and those who look forward to the world cup, it is the great est. >> how do you and soccer lovers around the world square with that scwl? the concerns of human rights

abuses and fifa's own corruption scandal. are you going to watch the game? >> it is difficult because it forces you to take sports and geo politics of the it is incredit apply complicated. it's not just football but the future of the sporting world. saudi arabia, liv golf. and it is about the future of sports and how we disentangle will determine their ability to pull this strategy in the future. in the football sense, the questionsr number one what would lead fifa to take this decision. why would qatar want this. they are trying to get their infrastructure ready for tourists to arrive .

and the reports say it is a repeat of the fire festival. >> how will the u.s. team do this year? what are their chances going forward? and who else are you watching? >> the greatest dream in my life, because a young american team, a very raw, incredibly dynamic and inexperienced collective will face it november 25, england, one of the power houses of europe. it is a raw test of characters. i keep my fingerses crossed. the world cup is coming back to the united states in 2026. whatever happens, they will be better off than in a tournament that is going to put the sport over the top. and brazil and golden jersey and

tech any color dream and argentina, that tiny -- looks like he walked out and unfurl. he is a demi god. he has announced his last world cup, his fifth. as if the weight of representing the nation drags him down. and often departs in tears. this is what it sounds like when doves cry when i see mess year overcome by emotion. 2026 playing the best, the team transcends around him and what a way to go out. >> that is roger bennett. always good to see you. thank you. judy: one and only roger bennett. and late-breaking news.

a appeals court has blocked to any student loan release. six republican led states appealed to the eighth circuit after a federal judge in missouri dismissed it. watch "washington week" right here on pbs. tomorrow on pbs news weekend, a look at children's mental health and how it is being treated following new recommendations that those over eight years old be screened for anxiety disorders. that is saturday. that is the "newshour" for tonight. i'm judy woodruff. thank you. please stay safe. and we'll see you soon. >> major funding for the pbs "newshour" has been provided by -- ♪

>> leading our economy for 160 i can't remembers, b nmp sf, the engine that connects us. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and friends of the "newshour," including kathy and paul anderson, the walton family foundation, working for solutions to and people and nature. >> for more than 50 years advancing ideas to promote a better world at hollywood it --

hewlitt. org. and friends of the "newshour". this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by chiropractics to your pbs station from yeurs like you. thank you. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy]

♪ hello, everyone, and welcome to "amanpour & company." here's what's coming up. >> given the situation, i cannot deliver the mandate on which i was elected by the conservative party. >> prime minister liz truss resigns after the shortest time in office in british history. political chaos, economic and social pain. what next for turbulent britain? plus -- >> we can't have a revolving door of chaos. we can't have another experiment at the top of the tory party. >> as calls for a general election intensify, can the conservative party rebuild? we get the view from the tories and from a key labour politician, shadow foreign secretary david lambie. then --