♪ geoff: good evening. i'm jeff on it. amna: i'm on the nevada. tonight, a communityeeks answers after a shooting at a lunar celebration that left several dead. >> we are in disbelief that this happened. geoff: plus, the president is expected to name a new chief of staff as his administration deals with a controversy over classified documents. stephanie: and, florida's governor blocks a new advanced placement course on african american studies for high school students. ♪

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>> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. geoff: good evening. we begin with the deadly epidemic of gun violence, a problem with no let up in sight. in california authorities are trying to determine a motive behind the shooting in monterey park. the community is grieving over the attack that left at least 11 dead. two students were killed in des moines, iowa and a teacher was killed during a shooting at a charter school. in baton rouge, shooting at a nightclub injured a dozen people. amnas in monterey park. amna: the headline is another mass shooting in america. according to the gun violence archive, ts is the 33rd such

shooting in this calendar year alone and the deadliest mass shooting since 19 children and two teachers were killed last year in texas. monterey park, california, a quiet community outside los angeles, is bound into this sisterhood of communities forever changed by the uniquely american problem of mass gun violence. a city that two days ago was bustling with lunar new year celebrations, now mostly quiet. in downtown monterey park, makeshift memorials to the victims of saturday night's dance hall rampage. 60-year-old jack yang came to pay his respects this morning. he's lived here for three decades, and often went to the star dance studio. he said his friend, ming wei ma, was killed there saturday night. >> very sad. my good friend. very nice man. amna: when he arrived at city hall this morning, monterey park mayor henry lo was still processing the devastation. the population in this city of

about 60,000 is 65% asian, mostly chinese immigrants and first generation asian americans. lo said the timing of the shooting, with decorative lanterns and celebratory signs, still hanging, makes it that much more painful. >> the lunar new year, you know, it's a time of renewal, of optimism for the future. in a sense it was a celebration, a triumph that we made it through the ravages of the pandemic. we had our carnival near the incident of the shooting. and so it's just cast a pall. and it's been to the verge, i think a lot of people are still in disbelief that this happened. amna: officials today revealed that all but one of the victims were in their 60's and 70's. these are people who either came here, or spent most of their lives working towards some higher vision of what this country could be. for them to lose their lives in this way, how does that sit with you?

>> it doesn't sit well with me. in fact, i was just thinking, i was reflecting last night. i was just thinking -- exse me. amna: i'm so sorry. >> that -- the hurt people, the victims. their families. the survivors. their lives are shattered, and they won't be able to enjoy things that i enjoy. so simple. so just unexpected, you know, during the holidays, you know. and i feel for them. amna: late sunday, authorities identified the gunman as 72-year-old huu can tran. he was found dead from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in a white van that authorities cornered about 30 miles from the dance hall. he fled monterey park after people at a second dance hall in the nearby city of alhambra wrestled away his gun. police said the weapon was a semi-automatic pistol with an extended magazine, and they

und a second handgun in his van. elizabeth yang's law firm sits across the street from the star dance studio. the 40-year-old dances there every monday. she was welcomed, she says, by the older generation of dancers who frequented that space. afr the shooting, her phone was flooded with messages and images from other studiogoers. >> this ballroom has been here for a long time. it's a big part of our community. it brings people together, brings elderly people together, and it gives them a way to stay fit and healthy. so i would hate to see that business go under, and i'm going to continue supporting it myself. and i don't want this one-off incident to make people feel like monterey park is not a safe city, because this is a very safe city, and i love living in the city. amna: today, the identities of victims began trickling out. the los angeles county coroner's office released the names of two women killed, 65-year-old my nhan and 63-year-old lilan li.

back at the scene of the shooting, residents are now grappling with how to move forward. 27-year-old johnathan luc lives less than a block from here. he moved to monterey park about three years ago because it was -- because he loved the food scene. >> it's the kind of place where you walk he and you smell people cooking their dinner, you know, right at 6:00, they're cooking dinner for their family what does something like this like, do to a community? you know, it's very quiet. that's a big reason why i love this neighborhood. and i was scared that everything was going to change. and it might. i don't know yet, right? amna: this place, that residents call overwhelmingly safe, calm, and tight knit, now the latest pin on ameri's horrific map of mass shootings. we are learning new details about the gunman, including his connection to the star dance studio. he used to come here according

to a statement from his ex-wife. they met here years ago. we are learning new details from local officials who are reportedly saying the gunman had come to law enforcement authorities in a nearby town and claimed his own family members were trying to target and poison him. this raises additional questions authorities will look to answer in the days and weeks ahead. geoff: what have you learned about monterey park and the people that call it home? amna: we know have been covered a number of these, there are things that tie communities together when they are touched by this kind of violence. disbelief, the grief, the long tail of trauma. these communities are unique in their own ways. it is pride in monterey park that this is the first majority asian-american city in the united states. the same generation that built the community and made it was that -- it is today weremong

those who lost their lives. they make clear that they think the sense of resilience and perseverance and hope that made the community what it is today is what will get people through the days and weeks and months ahead. few people understand that better than my next guest, the u.s. representative om the 28th district. thank you for joining us. this is your hometown. you were mayor. what did you think? >> i was horrified and stunned. this is a peaceful, quiet town, a suburb, a great place to raise kids. to think there could be this horrific violence in the middle of it, where 11 lives now have an taken away from us -- have been taken away from us and the majority in the hospital with serious conditions, this is something i couldn't have imagined.

what was more terrifying yesterday was the fact that the shooter was loose. he was out in the community. so many community members were so afraid. they were terrified that if they would go to an event, he could shoot at them. we tried to reassure them but you could see the fear in their eyes. when 5:00 came and the press conference came where he was declared captured and he had killed himself, there was relief. amna: there were reports about his connection to the studio and officials expressing concern. what else have you learned about the gunman? >> he was certainly an avid ballroom dancer. he seemed to think his skills were pretty high. he met his wife here and she says he criticized her for her misses in the dance moves.

and he divorced her in 2005. she said he was quick to anger. i suspect that has something to do with what happened. i don't know what ultimately made him snap like that, but clearly he had a connection with these studios. amna: what aut the weapon? it was a semiautomatic pistol with an extended magazine. that firearm is illegal in california. how did he get it? wacs who knows? that is on the top of my list of questions about what happened. i want to know how he obtained these guns. the first gun, they identity has not been released but i want to know how he got that one. and whether he went through a background check or whether he evaded it like so many other americans who try to evade it by not going a typical store but

instead, purchasing online, or a gun store purchase or a private purchase. amna: those are questions you don't have answer to. you tweeted that you spoke with president biden. did he make pledges about executive action he could take with regards to gun safety? >> he was focused first of all on the victims and making sure they got the help they needed. he pledged all the support they needed. he pledged support from the federal agencies and i have to give them much praise. from the beginning, the fbi was there, the atf, the u.s. attorney's office. they were there backing up the l.a. county sheriff san monterey park police. we have had the full level of law enforcement and that is why this man was captured. amna: president biden has urged

congress to take additional action when it comes to gun safety and legislation around that. last year it took nearly two years, multiple mass shootings for there to be limited bipartisan gun safety reform that made it through a democratic led congress. is there any hope r additional reform in this divided congress? >> we have to fight for it. we have to take a step forward where we can. it was a limited bill but i did take pride in theact that it passed after 30 years of nothing. i still think we should put at the top of the list true universal background checks because those have proven to save lives by keeping guns out of the hands of violent criminals. and the reason i say true is that people use loopholes by buying online or through a private purchase. we have to close the gap.

amna: is there hope for that in the republican-led house? wacs we have to see what we can do. americans have to raise their voices, especially those living in the district of members of congress who are resistant to this. those congress members could be the next ones with a mass shooting in their district. their constituents could be the victims. the neighbors, their family members, their loved ones. until we stop the proliferation of gun violence, none of us will be safe. amna: what do you want people to understand about this community, that you know so well? >> this is a community that is very tightknit. it is a community that is a great place to raise kids. there is a high quality of life.

there is a park within every mile of a home. and of course we have the greatest chinese food in the world, i believe. amna: we have heard that from several people. >> we value diversity. we have a 65% asian population which is why the lunar new year lebration was so big. we had 100,000 people there. and we were doing the opening ceremony just one block away from where the shooting was taking place. amna: and you were there. >> yes. it was only hours away from when the shooting took place. and so it certainly was a horrific way to start the lunar new year, which is the most important holiday for asians across this world. people were really looking forward to this one because this

celebration had been on hiatus for three years due to covid. there was so much energy around being there in person, with one another, and hopefully going towards normalcy. amna: we have heard about the resilience of this community. congresswoman, thank you for joining us. we have heard stories of pain and grief and the long tail of trauma in these communities, but also resilience and hope that things can at some point get back to normal. geoff: amna, thank you. this is the second mass shooting in california in just under a week. let's focus now on the laws in that state and the challenges of stopping shootings given the wide avaability of guns. i spoke earlier today with adam winkler, a professor at the ucla school of law, where he focuses on constitutional law and gun policy. welcome to the newshour.

>> thank you for having me. >> california h some of the strictest gun laws in the country. studies show the laws are effective but they are apparently not enough in a country where gun ownership is considered a constitutional right. >> it is true that california's gun laws do work. we have the lowest firearms mortality rate in the nation in california. far lower than the national average. however, we should recognize that california has restrictive gun laws only compared to other american states, compared to western industrialized world, california has some of the loosest and most permissive laws in the world. california's gun laws do try to reduce gun violence but it is still very easy or -- for pretty much anyone to get their hands on a firearm in california. geoff: what are some of the

biggest concerns about gun safety laws, especially when you consider the supreme court has made it harder to defend gun safety laws against a second amendment challenge? >> one thing that is most concerning for california lawmakers is whether the gun laws they pass, either today or the ones they pass in the past, are going to be constitutionally permissible. the supreme court this past june frank send -- strengthened protections and made it harder for states to defend gun laws. many of california's most aggressive efforts to provide gun safety reform are being called into question in the coming years. geoff: in this case, the gunman was identified as a 72-year-old man, making him an outlier in terms of age. how does that change our understanding of the threat? >> i think it highlights the

exceptional nature of this particular case. gun violence is traditionally a young man's game. i use both young and man purposefully because it is usually man and it is usually young men engage in gun violence . part of the brain is not fully developed until about the age of 30. it is hard for younger men to control their impulses and engage in the cost benefit analysis that violence usually discourages. when we have a society that decided to become heavily armed like america, even california, it provides anyone of any age with the means to do incredible violence to other people. geoff: let's talk more about that. authorities are working to learn more about the shooters motive as they piece together a full picture of what transpired.

you believe when it comes to mass shootings, the means matter sometimes more than the motive. tell me more. >> it will always be difficult to control people's motives. we don't know what the motive was in this case. i have seen rumors that there was a domestic dispute involved. we can't stop people from getting angry. what we can do is make it a little harder for that person to get their hands on a firearm while they are in that passionate state. universal background checks, waiting periods come of those things can help but we need to think also about efforts to enforce the current gun laws we have by having community intervention programs to identify those who are most likely to commit violence and try to intercede with those people and stop them from doing so. there is a lot we can do, but we can't stop everybody from having access to weapons, and we can't

stop every bad motive from resulting in gun violence. geoff: is this best accomplished at a state level, do you think? >> california has tried mightily in recent years to reduce gun violence. and with some success. however, it is very difficult for a gun law to be effective when a resident of california can go to arizona or nevada and purchase the exact weapon that is outlawed in california. guns easily cross state lines and really, the only way to have effective american gun safety reform is to do it at the data role level. unfortunately american politics doesn't seem to be particularly ripe for such reforms. geoff: adam winkler, thank you for your time and insights. ♪

stephanie: i'stephanie sy with newshour west. here are the latest headlines. there is another mass shooting to report in california. it happened this afternoon. local officials confirm seven people were killed in half moon bay, a coastal community south of san francisco. one person was taken to the hospital with critical condition. a town official says the victims are chinese farmworkers. police say a suspect is in custody. the white house fended off new questions after fbi agents searched president biden's home in wilmington, delaware, over the weekend. they found 6 more classified items, going back to his years as a u.s. senator. press secretary karine jean-pierre rejected any suggestion today that mr. biden seems unconcerned about the matter. >> the american people heard from the president directly on this when he was asked by your colleagues at least twice now about how he sees this process,

and he was very clear with the response of what we're currently seeing. he said, i take this very seriously. he said, i didn't know that the documents were there. stephanie: the president has said that he did nothing wrong, and that, in his words, "there's no there, there." the fbi's former top counter-intelligence agent in new york is now accused of aiding a russian oligarch, in violation of u.s. sanctions. an indictment announced today says charles mcgonigal helped billionaire oleg deripaska to investigate a rival russian tycoon. that was after mcgonigal retired. he's also charged with taking $225,000 to aid albanian interests while he still worked for the fbi. mcgonigal pleaded not guilty to all counts today. on the war in ukraine, poland stepped up the pressure today to send tanks to ukraine's forces. the polish prime minister said he wants to transfer some of his country's german-made tanks to the ukrainians, and will ask

berlin to agree. he also said his government may act, regardless of the answer. >> we will apply for such consent from germany, but this is a secondary topic. even if we do not get this consent in the end, as part of a small coalition - even if the germans would not be in this coalition - we will still hand over our tanks together with others, to ukraine. stephanie: on sunday, the german foreign minister said berlin would not try to stop poland from taking that step. but it was unclear today if her government actually supports that position. in washington today, federal prosecutors won guilty verdicts in a pair of january 6th cases. richard barnett entered the capitol office of then-house speaker nancy pelosi and propped his feet on a desk. he was convicted of civil disorder and obstruction. separately, 4 members of the far-right "oath keepers" militia were convicted of seditious conspiracy.

still to ce on the newshour, the new african american studies course now banned in florida. mexico's former anti-narcotics chief, on trial for algedly working with the cartels. and, an indigenous filmmaker's unconventional ways of telling native stories. ♪ >> this is the p newshour from w eta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. geoff: as president biden enters his third year in office, there's a change coming at the top of his leadership team. white house chief of staff ron klain will leave his post in the coming weeks. the departure comes as the president prepares to deliver the state of the union address and deals with continued questions about his handling of classified material. our white house correspondent laura barron-lopez is here with the details. it is good to see you.

he is the longest-serving first chief of staff for any democratic president. why is he leaving now and what does it mean for the white house? >> it is a clean exit for him. the classified documents scandalous side, because it is a two year marker. he did have a number of successes that a lot of democrats credited him for, including the infrastructure law being passed as well as a lot of other democratic priorities including prescription drug reform. sources confirm he is stepping down in the coming weeks and will be potentially replaced by jeffrey zeitz as chief of staff. for a while there was criticism by democrats. during fall 2020 when he dealt with their frustrations about the inability to pass big priorities president biden had. but they saw those get past, and he is leaving on a high note

according to a lot of democrats. geoff: tell us about jeff zients and what he brings. >> he is the former coronavirus czar. he also worked under the obama administration and is well known for fixing the affordable care act website in 2013 when it had all those issues. i spoke to andy, who worked with zeitz on the coronavirus response team ends -- and he said the president himself feels comfortable around him and he is focused on execution and really immersing himself in the details of day-to-day implementation and trying to fix any problems that could come along with implementing a lot of these big laws. geoff: there hasn't been a lot of turnover in this white house. what comes next especially as president biden is preparing to announce a reelection campaign? >> as jeff zients comes in,

there is a potential reelection campaign for president biden noble the president has also top brass there like anita dunn, who is expected oversee political elements. zients comes in as republicans are expected to launch investigations into the president and his family. a lot of democrats who have woed with him before say ty are confident in his ability to handle that. they credit him with working long hours with the team trying to, whether it is cell and development the infrastructure -- implement the infrastructure law, they think he will be able to shepherd those threw tw the finish line while handling investigations. geoff: let's talk about the documents investigation. the fbi found six more documents. how does that change the facts of the case? >> right now, the facts

ultimately haven' changed. as you noted, there was a search of president biden's wilmington home and today, the spokesman for the council's office said this was an unprecedented offer that the presidents private attorneys made to the doj by allowing them to go into the president's private home and search it. i spoke to a national security attorney who said the facts legally have not changed. geoff: so we shouldn't mistake at all the seriousness of the situation whenever classified information is mishandled? i don't have any doubt this appears to be a violation of the law. the question is, could you prosecute it? these cases typically aren't prosecuted even for the normal person on the street. if they have cooperated and if

there has been no compromise, it would be handled administratively. >> when he said the cases are typically prosecuted, he is saying when classified documents wind up or they are not supposed to wind up, which often happens with former top-level officials, it was unsurprising to him the documents like this were even found in biden's home as well as the biden center as well as former president trump cases diverge after that when it comes to the lack of cooperation or cooperation. geoff: we spoke with the new house oversight chairman and he made clear he will investigate the biden white house on this and a number of topics. how is the white house preparing? >> the white house responded to the oversight chairman in a letter and they said they don't have any of the documents on hand because they have been

handed over to the justice department. they told him they can't give him those documents are in they are willing to work with legitimate oversight questions from the congressman, but they are reviewing his other work lasts. i want to note when you look at the two cases of trump and biden , the national security attorney said ultimately they could impact each other because it is merrick garland, attorney general, who has to decide this. >> the reality is, neither case should impact the other but that isust not practical or realistic. the fiasco with the biden administration, particularly one that this exists, and two, that this was handled, without a doubt undermines the attorney general's ability to be able to make a decision that would enable at least the appearance of a fair and balanced justice going forward.

>> even though the cases are very different, ultimately he said because of the steady trickle could impact the decision that attorney general garland makes. geoff: thanks for the great reporting. ♪ florida governor ron desantis is defending his administration's decision to block a course on african american studies from the state's public schools. the fight is just the latest in the ongoing culture war in the state that has become a hallmark of desantis' agenda. with another four years in office came a promise from florida republican governor ron desantis. >> florida is where woke goes to die. >> and just weeks into his second term, the administration has a new target. banning public schools from teaching advanced placement african american studies, a

pilot course by the college board focused on black history, arts, science, andulture. the state's department of education wrote this month, the course "significantly lacks educational value," adding that they would consider a revised curriculum with "lawful, historically accurate content." today, governor desantis said teaching black history is required in florida schools, but said this course amounted to "indoctrination." >> this course on black history, what's one of the lessons about? queer theory. now who would say that an important part of black history is queer theory? that is somebody pushing an agenda on our kids. and so, when you look to see they have stuff about intersectionality, abolishing prisons, that's a political agenda. >> the move stems from the "stop woke act" desantis signed last year to clamp down on diversity and inclusion efforts by schools and business.

>> we believe in education, not indoctrination. >> and it's just the latest battle in desantis' culture war, taking aim at the teaching of race in schools, how teachers can talk about gender identity, whether trans kids can play on sports teams, and covid vaccine requirements. >> we are not a sanctuary state. >> he's made an enemy of blue state governors, sending migrants across the country without advance notice. and even attacked disney, one of the state's largest employers and marquee businesses. >> i don't care what big corporations say. here i stand, i'm not backing down. >> fights on race, schools, and identity that have catapulted desantis to the national stage and into 2024 presidential contention. and joining us now is fredrick ingram. he is

secretary-treasurer of the american federation of teachers, one of the country's laest teachers unions. he's a native floridian who previously worked as a public school teacher in florida. thanks for being with us. this class, this ap level african american studies course still in its pilot phase, was introduced in 60 schools including in at least one high school in florida. what's your reaction when you hear governor desantis say that this class indoctrinates students? >> well, i have said i'm saddened and appalled as a native floridian, but i'm concerned as a parent, because we have governor desantis who believes that he was elected to be a king, and not the governor. this is politics inside our 101 classrooms. these are the best and brightest students who will take this class would have an opportunity to explore advanced placement of african american history in the same vein that we explore italian history or japanese history, or ap music theory.

these are the classes that are already offered and to politicize african american history is shameful of this governor. we should do better because our kids deserve better. geoff: the governor says that because this course includes the study of queer theory, because it talks about political movements that advocated for abolishing prisons, because it focuses on the reparations, meant that all of that, in his view, is political, and that it shouldn't be pushed on students. can a course like this be taught without including those issues? >> a course like this shouldn' -- should be taught honestly. a course like this should be taught with the truth involved. history sometimes involves the good, the bad, and the ugly of what has happened, but we deserve honest history. and if you're talking about advanced placement african american history, about some of those things like reparations, you're talking about some of those things like jim crow, or slavery, or the reconstruction and the backlash to reconstruction.

you're talking about the civil rights act, and those are uncomfortable situations but they are not political innocence that we're trying to indoctrinate students. we're trying to teach students the truth about american history and american history at its center revolves all around african american history and the things that african americans have offered this country over the last 250 years. geoff: the targeting of this class follows governor desantis 'fight against florida schools teaching about sexual orientation or gender identity. how has all of this affected teacher morale and teacher recruitment and retention? >> unfortunately, governor desantis is taking a straw man approach to politics, and he's using our teachers as the pivot point for everything that's wrong with our educational system. we have over 5000 classrooms right now that do not have a certified teacher and that is in direct connection to the way teachers feel because what governor desantis is also doing is trying to take away

teachers' voice. he's trying to take away the structure and the autonomy in which we actually teach students and the voice that we have to organize each other to build a better curriculum and ensure that our students are getting the resources that they need. our schools are deserving of a governor and a leader and commissioner of education, frankly, that is going to listen to them and understand the needs of our communities and our families and governor desantis is not that governor. geoff: how have students responded to this so far? >> well, what we're hearing is that you know, students are appalled. when you talk about african americans, you talk about the history and culture of african americans, whether it's through their music, through the arts, through the dance, through the intellectual acumen that we have provided in this country, it's a direct insult to both. we have four hbcus, historically black colleges and universities, that teach african american studies on a very high level, and to take this optional class

that is in pilot form, and say that it is not good for our student bodies, it is not going to come out well. and our students are reacting in a way that they should. they should be appalled, and they should be concerned, because somebody is trying to take away something that ty deserve to have and that's honest history. geoff: there are at the moment ap level classes on european history, german history and culture, chinese history and culture. what does it signal that an ap level class on african american history is deemed objectionable? >> it is not a dog whistle. this is a loud bullhorn of a call to say that african american history doesn't matter. and that's unfortunate for this governor, because he is completely ostracizing a community of people who have given so much to not only the state, but to neighborhoods across this country and to the country as a whole. and so we really need to kind of step

back. and what we're demanding of this governor is to allow this optional advanced placement african-american history course to be taught in our schools. because again, there needs to be totality of education that is afforded our students and governor desantis claims that this is the free state of florida, but he's taking away freedoms every single day from not only our parents and our teachers, he is taking it away from our kids geoff: frederick ingram, former florida schoolteacher, now with the american federation of teachers. thanks for your time. >> thank you. ♪ geoff: today in new york, arguments began in the case of the highest-ranking mexican official to ever stand trial in the u.s. prosecutors say the very man responsible for working with the u.s. to enforce the war on drugs, protected the carls he was supposed to prosece. nick schifrin reports. nick: in 2006, the mexican

president tasked garcia luna to go to war against cartels. as the head of mexico's security and before that mexico's version of the nbi, garcia luna was one of the u.s.' most important partners. u.s. prosecutors accuse him of taking millions of dollars in bribes and enabling theowerful senna level cartel to traffic cocaine into the u.s. and avoid prosecution. he has pleaded not guilty and his lawyer said there iso money, photos, video, texts, emails, documents, no believable evidence that garcia luna helped the cartel. to discuss the trial, i'm joined by a journalist and author who is currently universe ins -- univision's national news

anchor. how does this happen, that someone so senior inside the mexican state is the very person the sinaloa cartel flips? >> that's a greaquestion. nick, great to be with you. first, i think we have to imagine who garcia luna was. imagine the head of dhs, homeland security, and the head of the fbi in one person. that was general luna for six years. he led the war on drugs. he reengineered mexican police. he was an all too powerful figure who controlled himself information, sometimes monopolized the information was -- and was quite feared. very, very powerful individual. respected as well on both sides of the border. that this man betrayed those he swore to protect is is quite the tragedy. nick: why is this trial about more than drugs? >> i think mexico has suffered

through a long drug war that has cost hundreds of thousands of lives to this point. and it has been very painful for the country. so if the man who was in charge of the whole operation of conceiving the whole operation is proving to proven to be so corrupt, what can we say about the war on drugs? i think that ideally, this should begin a debate in mexico and the united states as to how best to fight this conflict. and that includes, frankly, the united states and its incredible appetite for drugs, and its incredible capacity to feed more like -- war like weapons to those cartels. nick: propublica has reported that u.s. investigators had evidence showing his working with the cartels back in 2012 when he was still the minister of security. but prosecutors only brought charges after some of these became public. in the case of el chapo, the former

head of the sinaloa cartel in 2019, do you believe this is a case of the u.s. not wanting to realize or not wanting to admit that one of their major allies was corrupt? >> that might be the case. the -- he having some sort of deal with the sinaloa cartel in which he got like half the amount of market value worth of the cocaine that was taken from rival cartels. it's just it's beyond dramatic. it's really, really tragic. and it paints a horrible picture of what that was like back in the day, but also brings into question where we are now. nick: what do we know about the man himself? i've read other journalists talk about him that he considered himself a kind of james bond. >> yeah, he wasn't. i laugh because, you know, you can't make this up. i mean, he was obsessed with james bond,

obsessed with recognition of his work. he saw himself as some sort of hero. he exercised very strict control, monopolized information. a journalist who knew garcia luna very well, told me that he liked to keep strict control of all information. but of course, the problem was that there was only one person who knew everything, how everything worked. and that person was garcia luna. nick: and finally, go back to a point that you were making before that this trial could lead to a debate, lead to a kind of confrontation in the united states, but certainly in mexico about the war on drugs that's killed 300,000 since 2006. why do you think the trial can get mexico to confront that legacy and some of the rotten core of the security services? >> well, i think that mexico faces a very complicated scenario. frankly, iean, when you see the power of corruption that the cartels have. you also see the the the caliber of the

weapons they use. you saw it in sinaloa recently with the reaction to the capture of joaquin guzman's son. they have really war like weapons that come from the united states. and then you have the ascent of fentanyl as the drug of choice now for the cartels and the way that drug is affecting the united states. i think the combination of the three and the unending violence in mexico really, really are a big part of the country that's now under the monopoly of criminal organizations, really should force not only authorities in mexico but elsewhere in the whole region. the president of colombia is now opening that dialogue as well to consider what this war is like. what is the endgame to this war, with all of those elements on the table? and i think that this trial will play a role or at least should play a role in in that debate.

nick: leon krause, thank you ry much. >> thank you, nick. ♪ geoff: the artist and filmmaker sky was awarded a genius award, celebrating a decade of his experimental work focused on indigenous people. jeffrey brown met with in the hudson valley for our final story in our series on contemporary native american arts. it is part of our arts and culture series, canvas. i was here last month and it was all water. >> a young native woman, soon to give birth, having survived rough years. speaking in english, with chinook subtitles. a young man, immersing himself in his native language and customs. he speaks in chinook, with englh subtitles.

both exploring the beauty, history, and mythology of the pacific northwest. the 2020 documentary, "malni: towards the ocean, towards the shore," is lyrical in form, circng around its themes, a meditation of chinookan myths of death and rebirth. it's also a love letter to the natural world. it's the first feature by filmmaker and photographer sky hopinka. >> there's something about shooting, you know, the oregon coast in the winter when it's gray and rainy and cloudy and the trees are a special kind of green and the dirt is a special red of hue that i just really love and i just really want to express that visually. and then that works in tandem with just the high minded ideas about language and about decolonization and about these different ideas of myth. >> the 38-year old, who now

teaches at bard college in new york's hudson valley, grew up between washington state and california, the son of casino workers. his dad, a member of the ho-chunk tribe from wisconsin, and his mother, a member of the pechanga band of luiseno indians from southern california. >> my family would go to powwows, and my mom was a dancer and my dad was a drummer, and that's how they met, was on the powwow trail. and so it was something that i grew up with. i grew up close, but adjacent to a reservation, but it wasn't my own reservation. there's a lot of feeling a part of the community, separate from the community, and also trying to locate self in the landscape, but also amongst my family. >> you grow up knowing you're native of course, knowing that this is a part of your culture, but did you feel it defined you?

>> yeah, i mean it definitely defined me. i mean, how could it not? you know, it's like you're brown and you're a kid and you'reiving in a small white farming community. you know, no one would ever let me forget that i'm native. >> hopinka was in his late 20s when he decided to pursue experimental film as a way to explore that identity. >> i was thinking about native american film and wanting to see my life and my experience reflected in these films and in ways that i hadn't. so if i want to see myself, my experience represented in film, then why not make it myself? ♪ >> his work can take on current events, as in "dislocation blues." a film hopinka shot while at the standing rock protests in 2016 and 2017.

>> the g is silent. mama talked spanish, he talked english, there were three languages. >> but more often, personal histories are explored: 2021's kicking the clouds, is both a language lesson and family history. the film centers around old audio cassette tapes of his grandmother. >> my grandma passed away some 15, 16 years ago and we were really close. and i had never heard her voice that young before. and so that was really striking. and here she was in 1971, 72, trying to get her mom to teach her luisieno, to teach her pachenga because she never did. and my great grandma was resistant because she went to the boarding schools in southern california and was taught not to want to speak her language, to be ashamed of it. >> she coulde punished for it. >> yeah. so you could hear that tension in some of the back and forth in some of the exchanges. but you can also hear their joy. >> his films are rooted in what

he calls native people doing native things. but as they define it. even the boring, banal stuff of everyday life, far from the spectacle of trauma so familiar in hollywood films. >> it's important for that to exist. but it's also important for these other parts of me, of a community to exist that are not based on the definitions of our trauma or how an audience outside of us looks at us, how the white western world looks at us. and so what does it mean to pick up a camera and point the things that i want it to be pointed out that are interesting to me but might be boring to anyone else? >> hopkina, also an accomplished photographer, wants his work to broaden popular ideas of both native life and visual storytelling. >> on one hand they're for everybody. and on another hand they are for me, my family, my community, my tribe i want people to watch these

films because i want them to be part of a larger conversation of, like, then what comes next? you know what does the next generation of indigenous experimental filmmakers look like? >> hopinka says the recognition and funds from t macarthur fellowship can help him support those efforts. in the meantime, he's at work on two new feature films and has an upcoming gallery exhibition of his photography and videos. for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown in new york's hudson valley. ♪ geoff: we want to turn back to our lead story tonight, the mass shooting in monterey park, california where new details about the attack are still emerging. let's bring back in amna who is there. amna: that's right, still learning new details. the l.a. county coroner released two more names of additional

victims from saturday night. they include 68-year-old valentino alvarado and a 57-year-old who would be the youngest of the 11 confirmed victims so far. we are learning new details about the gunman. in 1990 he had an arrest for unlawful possession of a weapon. they found 42 cases -- casings at the shooting scene. speaking to the brutality of the scene. tomorrow night, the city will host an official vigil, at chance for the community to remember and heal. that is the newshour for tonight. i am amna nawaz in monterey park california. geoff: and i'm geoff bennett. thanks for spending part of your evening with us. >> major funding for the newshour has been provided by what whack for 25 years, consumer cellular's goals has allowed our variety of no

contract plans and are team can find one that fits you. visit consumercellular.tv. ♪ >> the landscape has changed and not for the last time. the rules of business are being reinvented with a more flexible workforce, by embracing innovation, by looking not only at current opportunities but i had to future ones. resilience is the ability to pivot again and again for whatever happens next. >> people who know, know bdo. >> the kendeda fund, committed to enhancing restorative justice and meaningful work through investments in transformative leaders and ideas. more at kendeda fund.org. supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur

foundation, committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. more information at mac found.org. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. ♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ >> this is pbs newshour west from w we ta studios in washington and our bureau at the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state unit or -- university. ♪

♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ -today on "america's test kitchen"... lan and julia make perfect omelets with cheddar and chives. jack challenges julia and bridget to a head-to-head tasting of bottled cold brew. and erin makes bridget breakfast sausage patties. it's all coming up right here on "america's test kitchen."