[captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy] amna: disb evening. geoff: i'm geoff bennett. u.s. secretary of state meets his russian counterpart for the first time since the start of the war in ukraine as the conflict deepens divisions. amna: the best path forward for their community after the lling of tyre nichols. >> there needs to be a cultural shift. the system and culture of policing allows them to beat a man to death. geoff: and librarians are at odds trying to ban books about

sexual orientation. >> major funding for the pbs "newshour" has been provided by -- the kendeda fund and meaningful work through investments through leaders and ideas. more at kendedafund. org. carnegie corporation of new york, supporting innovations and democratic engagement and international peace and security at carnegie. org. and with the individuals and institutions.

this programas made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. geoff: good evening and welcome to the "newshour." the war in ukraine is playing both in the streets of a ruined city and at a high diplomatic gathering and there was a group of 20 nations. amna: the block by block battle in eastern ukraine raged on. forces are hanging on there after round the clock russian shelling. they attacked a russia inside russia.

geoff: benjamin netanyahu has announced anarchists where his wife and chanting demonstrators as sarah netanyahu was in a hair salon. it lasted four hours before police escorted her away. >> hundreds of people were going out. it all ended when the police came in with forces. geoff: police used force for the first time to break up protests against netanyahu's push to overhaul courts. crews used to look for bodies in the debris of a passenger train that collided head on. and no word y. a pennsylvania congressman is

urging the epa to expand a testing zone around the train derailment site in east palestine. ohio. representative mike kelly's district is across the state line. it covers 22 homes in pennsylvania. railroad union leaders have reported that some workers have fallen ill. much of california got dryer weather but 13 counties are digging out from extreme snowfall. seven feet of snow blanketed communities in the san bernardino mountains, but federal officials say that snow and rain has ended a long running drought in half of the state. tennessee will be the first state in the nation to impose strict limits on drag shows. republican governor lee signed a bill that bans the performances on public property to shield them from the view of children.

some republicans say they expose children to imageries. it takes effect july 1 but legal challenges are expected. on wall street, stocks managed a small rally after three days of losses. dough gained 341 points. the nasdaq rose 83 points. s&p added 30. jazz sackso phonist died in los angeles. he was a modern jazz standard and won 12 grammys. here he is with herbie hancock performing "smiling through." ♪

♪ geoff: wayne shorter was 89 years old. the use of artificial intelligence raises questions about the future of art. new f.d.a. guidelines spark disagreement over exactly what is milk. and ukranian music conductor reflects on his lifin the war. >> thbs the pbs "newshour" from the studios in washington and cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. amna: the world's 20 wealthiest nations met and bringing together u.s., russia and china, but the gathering on was overshadowed and concluded with no consensus. reporter: for the first time since russia's full scale invasion of ukraine, secretary

of state met face-to-face with his russian counterpart. a 10-minute meeting in new delhi. he urged to end the war of aggression. >> president putin has demonstrated zero interest in engaging saying there is nothing to talk about. reporter: blaming the west for prolonging the war. >> probably because ukraine is being encouraged for continuation of the war. reporter: they last met in january of 2022. one month before russia launched the war in ukraine with global revere baitions. and worries over china and russia. if china supplied to russia

saying it was raised last month in munich and with partners in new delhi. >> i said there would be consequences and i'm not going to detail what they would be, but, of course, we have sanctions authorities of various kinds. [speaking foreign language] reporter: the fallout shouldn't energy. >> we should not resolve together and come in the way. reporter: he stopped short of condemning. and discounted russian oil. amna: for more today and in particular, china and india support for russia, we get two views. a distinguished professor of political science at indiana

university and a senior research scientist at the center for political research. india's relationship with russia. modi is attempting to be neutral as possible. why would heot want to upset putin? >> there are three compelling reasons that he is following this delicate tightrope walk. anywhere between 60 to 75% of india's weaponry is of russian or soviet origin and india is acutely dependent on russia for supplies of spare parts and a continuing pipeline of weaponry. secondly, india can ill afford to buy oil on the global market given the price of oil and the

russians are prepared to sell oil at concession area rates which are easing inflation in india when global inflation is affecting the indian economy. third, there is cold war nostalgia that permeates the political elite and consequently they are unwilling to rebuke russia for its actions in the ukraine. amna: what about that? putin flew to beijing to meet with president xi and you said you didn't believe a war in ukraine was in china's interest. so why does china stand with russia? >> china doesn't have another partner of russia's stature.

u.n. security council member, a member with which china shares a very lengthy border. like india, china also receives military technology from russia and china is producing its own. and china has also been increasingly importing gas and oil and sees energy as more secure than riskerring sea-borne supplies where u.s. could intervene. amna: i would like to ask you both. the u.s. and west have worked very hard to cut off russia's oil revenue. and when you look at the numbers, those are china's numbers in red and india's numbers in yellow from imports from russia. china has hiked it up to 2.3

million. india has increased from newer up to 1.6 million. this is helping to fuel the war. so what does india say and justify that increase in oil imports from russia? >> they justify that increase on the grounds that this is easing india's economic burden, that ultimately india has to be concerned about 1.4 billionf its own population and that india meager other sources of obtaining oil at a reasonable price in the global marke and consequently, they shrug their shoulders and say, the western world deals with any number of regimes, which are not

entirely savory and who are they to say who we are buying oil from particularly at a time in dire need. amna: has that strained relations in any way? >> it has, but the u.s. has mostly expressed its discomfort privately. publicly, anthony blinken, president biden have maintained mostly silence on this subject after initially when blinken raised the issue with his india counterparts. but they rebuffed blinken at the time and subsequently, the u.s. has not publicly ruked india. amna: how about the from the chinese perspective? >> they have been increasing

imports from russia and accounted 17% -- russian oil accounted for 17% of chinese imports and now it's about 20%. so, they see it as a matter of energy security that russia is a close supply of oil. and this oil, some of it has been going to chinese reserves. china is concerned about supply chains and wants to make sure it has enough reserves of oil. that -- amna: that has increased tensions and now the spy balloon incident and warning chinese officials by providing support to russia. would that be in china's interest? >> i think they know this is a red line for the international community. they are threatened with sanctions if they do this.

nevertheless, we have seen evidence of some companies trying to go under the radar and provide some parts for aircraft, by falsifying records claiming these are commercial aircraft. and there was evidence of a small company, intelligent aviation was in an agreement with a chinese-owned state-owned company to provide drones. this was a delivery that was supposed to be by april and we don't know if it will take place. i think that some companies are trying to find ways of getting technology to their russian counterparts. they have been working together for a long time. we don't know if this is a state-directed effort by china. amna: do you believe that sanctions would prevent china

from acting in that way? >> we have seen any effort by china to owe vertly provide military aid. i think the sanctions are a factor. china just issued a position paper where it claims to be impartial in aiming for peace and this would run counter. amna: thank you both for joining us. geoff: two months since the police killing of tyre nichols. five police officers have pleaded not guilty. in all the city's investigation into the incident has implicated at least 13 officers and four fire department employees. white house correspondent spent

time in memphis to explain. the story campaigns some disturbing images. reporter: franklin wants his city to be different. >> i would like it like a community guiding the department. i would like to see more therapists and special lifts. reporter: following the killing of nichols, he thinks change won't come from the memphis >> i have no trust. they have known it was terrible and i don't have any trust. reporter: despite the disbanding of the scorpion unit whose officers beat nichols, they say the culture within the entire police department is to blame. >> just disbanding this unit -- reporter: they are still processing the death. from that pain is a new push in this city to change policing but

there are decisions. pastor rick yes floyd who has been shot doesn't want funds diverted away from police especially when crime in memphis is up by a third over the last year. >> a job that was appreciated and is looked in many people's eyes as the scum of the earth. i'm not for defunding but i'm reforming, revisiting, revitalizing reviewing. most of them don't know it is exists. reporter: floyd sees opportunity. >> it has the reputation of being the most economic deprived lower education violent neighborhoods in the city of memphis. we hav the responsibility instead of pointing the fingers to dig roots in the dirt where we are and make something positive happen.

reporter: that means connecting community members to jobs and resisting police reform like changes to traffic enforcement. >> they find real criminals by traffic violations. i would rather they pull me over and pull this other guy over who is going to do a crime. rather than someone lose their life. reporter: counselors advanced a a few city ordinances, improve transparency and data collection onse of force, limits on the use of unmarked cars, establishing an independent review of all police training techniques and restrictions on certain kinds of traffic stops. but some residents want more and an end to specialized units like scorpion and the firing of the

first black police chief. the police department declined our request. you have been critical of the transparency from the memphis police department. are you satisfied with what you are hearing from them and from chief davis? no. reporter: city council chairman said getting rid of the chief is premature. >> just gives the impression there is something to hide. the council wants to be updated of these things and we haven't been adequately. reporter: jones wants a better understanding of the specialized units before he calls for elimination and he says funding shouldn't necessarily be diverted from police which means that the city may need to raise taxes. receivencreased the police budget but when we look at the

activities for young people in our community, there has been a serious decline. i think a large part of our issues here from a crime standpoint deals with our high poverty rate. reporter: today, almost a quarter in memphis live below the poverty line and that number is higher for people of color. lisa bennett, a retired educator says more money should be given to memphis schools instead of police. >> i'm a 52-year-old life-long southern black woman. i have a history of not good experiences with law enforcement in my own life. that part of me is almost afraid to be hopeful, because i don't -- i don't want to be disappointed. it's pretty traumatic. reporter: her father was killed by police when she was three

years old. >> i know that policing isn't going to go away and m.p.d. isn't going to be disbanded but there needs to be some cultural shifts. the system and the culture of policing allowed them to beat a man to death and feel confident that it was ok to do it, because they did it on camera. reporter: been elt supports the city council steps so far. she is not confident there is enough to create lasting change. ♪ ♪ geoff: screut dmi of -- scrutiny of library books.

louisiana, the fight over banning books in public libraries is escalating and targeting librarians. christian groups are working to take over the boards. the state attorney general has conducted an investigation into what he called sexually explicit materials in libraries. we have been reporting on this issue across louisiana. what is different in louisiana from what we are seeing in other states? reporter: what we are seeing here is that the battle over books is focused on lisiana public libraries and more and re librarians are finding themselves under intense scrutiny. law enforcement continues to be usednd the attorney general has set up a tip line asking the public to report librarians. jeff landry also called for legislation to restrict what children and teens can check out

in public libraries. this has fueled the effort by conservative groups that are on a crusade that expose children to what they call pornographic material and race, gender and sexuality. these groups are just not attacking books. more and more librarians have come under increased scrutiny for whas on the shelves. the challen in louisiana focused on titles for children and young adults involving sex education and books with lgbtq themes. police have been called on lieb rans and has been unsettling for tammy. she has been a librarian for the past 17 years and never seen anything like it. she was targeted online and singled out by conservative groups suggesting she was using literature to groom children.

she says the criticism in more than 150 book challenges in her parish are an enormous strain on her staff. >> we are not pedphiles or groomers and i can say that on behalf of our staff. that is not why we go into public service. we really are here to connect our community with the resources they may want or need and knowing that a community has lots of different voices and different perspectives and we provide materials for everyone. geoff: what have you learned in your reporting that groups want books removed or replaced? reporter: these are conservative political groups and have a very heavy online presence and have traditional notion of family values and the other side said it is krens soreship.

quiet and unattended library board meetings have been packed and some have been arrested as both sides debate library content. some conservative members of groups leading the book challenges want to remove or relocate books and take over library boards with conservative members and some groups are making calls to defund libraries that they say expose children to dangerous materials. >> is this the reading material that we want in our library? is this the type of information to preserving our children's innocence for however longe can? they're young and need protection. [indiscernible]

we admire and respect the work of a librarian. we have been caring and respectful. geoff: what is the national picture concerning this national book-banning effort. reporter: we checked with the national library association and they say the challenges of library books have jumped from 400 books in 2017 to more than 1600 book challenges last year. the a.l.a. said the figures this year are set to exceed last year's totals. a study about school book bans said 41% of all bans about books dealing with lgbtq topics. we checked out what was submitted to that library tip line and reviewed 11,000 documents, most of it was spasm. there was the entir script of a b movie and a lot complaints about attorneyeneral jeff

landry. geoff: more of robe's reporting at pbs "newshour". amna: artificial intelligence is everywhere, now part of our conversations about education and politics and social media and also become a hot topic in the art world. programs that generate a are widely available to the public and are skyrocketing in popularity. but what goes into these programs and the work that comes out is heavily debated. jeffrey brown explores the influence of a.i. in art and where it is headed next. and it i part of our arts and culture series "canvas."

reporter: this screen created from 35 million of images of coral. >> these are machines of millions of data. reporter: it's a kind of artificial reality. he calls this a data painting. >> the colors are changing. reporter: the 37-year-old turkish-born artist at the opening of a new exhibition at the art gallery in los angeles is at the leading edge of artificial intelligence or a.i. art revolution. >> data and information. and painting brush which is a thinking brush that applies artificial intelligence. reporter: they are made in a los angeles studio and computers and software programs and screens

and 3-d printer replace traditional artist materials. he and a team including computer and data scientists, engineers, architects and designers fill sets. yo can't do this at home and run them through trained a.i. programs they themselves have created. input can vary. right now at new york's museum of modern art, he has created "unsupervised" created from research and data from the museum's archives. in another example, the input is a whole lot of flowers. >> this is your brush? >> yes. like a game joystick. 75 million images.

reporter: a.i. is making its own flowers. >> to make it, human connection. reporter: we are not seeing real flowers but collaboration of machine and human. who is the artist? >> human. reporter: you are the artist? >> yes. it's an effort by the machine. and it is inspiring to me because that's where art, science and technology and beautiful movement that i hope is inspiring and where we are more closer to the machine every single day. reporter: you refer to the machine dreaming. is the machine thinking, too? >> no. it is helping to think in a different way. reporter: stuff of sci-fi, but yet, technology has been debated

including the early decades of photography. assist ant occur ator at the los angeles county museum of art. >> and marginalized because of the presence of the apparatus, the machine, the camera that people had claimed took away the artist's special hand. reporter: and the computer itself has been a fascination for artists for more than 50 years made clear in "coded." artists playing with the physical machine and exploring its ability, presumptive compared to today. "coded" brings the story up to 1982. >> this is aess. reporter: access that is for everyone including new art making on a.i.-generating apps

offered by companies such as mid-jowrn and a proliferation of others which allows the artist in each of us to create art work through simple prompts which is easy and fun. last year, for example, an a.i.-generated work won a prize at the colorado state fair outraging other contestants and molly crabapple see another threat. >> i see a world where ilstrateors people like are replaced by these apps because they can make images faster and cheaper. and even worse than that, this a.i. was trained on our stolen images. reporter: she is an artist and writer. platforms build their businesses

by scrapping images from the internet including works by artists who aren't credit touchdown or compensated and she said that is changing the landscape for her community. >> there are companies that were hiring artists. and now they are making a.i. book covers. reporter: a group of artists filed a class-action lawsuit against generators charging copyright allegations. i asked her about the lasting impact on the art world? do i tnk creativity will be destroyed because they are images? no. people are creative. the lives of individual artists will be destroyed if they don't have work, of course, i do. reporter: another concern of art

being available to all, the images themselves and how much they reflect the internet data bases. consumers need to consider the source, the data being used to generate a.i. art. >> who and what is training a.i. what sort of data is it using. does the data perpetrate power dynamics and inequalities in our live experiences in our real lives? reporter: his work, he points out, differs from apps that he and his team generate own daita sets. but sometimes referred to as ethicically source data and is a big believer in the future of this technology.

he said the mapping of coral reefs can help with environmental and host of other big problems in the world. but he cautions -- >> a.i. is an emitter and can reflect. it reflects the information, i think we have more clarity. it is on our hands to train the mind to dream what you want. human intention here is. reporter: th human that is is for now, the more complicated machine. for the pbs "newshour," i'm jeffrey brown in los angeles. geoff: it's almost official, so, almonds and other plant-based drinks can keep using milk

according to new draft guidelines we leased by the f.d.a. what is milk any way? stephanie explores the debate. reporter: who shot alexander hamilton? reporter: milk has been a huge part. remember this commercial from 1993. >> for 10,000 calories. >> excuse me? [indiscernible] reporter: there has been a growning debate as divisive debate. americans are having a cow over the meaning of milk. what is milk exactly? it seems you can milk anything, at least to these youtube videos from this milker erie.

>> i will show you a nut nip will. looks like milk to me. reporter: according to the f.d.a., milk is see kreetion completed by cows. harvard school of public health web site said if liquid by dairy animals. and they want to keep these definitions. >> the pnt-based products are on t market. they should stand on their own legs and not massacre aid as a --o on as a dairy product. reporter: last decade as they rose in popularity, milk advocates said using this was

misleading. during the trump administration, then f.d.a. commissioner suggested that new labeling requirements might be in the offing. >> and lack tate annual -- animal. reporter: last week, the biden administration said plant-based alternatives are allowed to continue to themselves milk. the reasoning? >> could i get a medium almond-milk latte. reporter: 90% of americans bye -- buy cow's milk. it accounts for 16% of all milk sales in the u.s. new ad company has a milk

moustache. >> that is a huge win and long time coming. reporter: viceresident of policy and food systems at the plant-based foods association agrees with the f.d.a. allowing alternatives to be called milk. >> you don't milk a cashew but they have used it on coconut milk. to ignore that is to ignore longstanding cultural uses for the term milk. reporter: they disagree with the f.d.a.'s accompanying recommendation that they include labels like this intending to clief the difference in nutrients. >> the fundamental flaw of this draft guidance, it seeks to portray that it is somehow

inferior to cow's milk. there are important nutrients such as fiber that are included that are not in conventional cow's milk and there are nutrients that need to be limited, like saturated fat. reporter: howard says saturated fat has gotten a bad rap. >> they have been around 15 years. there is nutrition, there is wellness and there is help to sell their products and nutrition and wellness is not there. >> not a grain or nut that hippies don't want to milk and they will pay for it. reporter: both sides agree on is mutual dissatisfaction with the

f.d.a. the public comment is open. feel free to weigh in. for the pbs "newshour" i'm stephaniesy. amna: ukranian conductor's. geoff: a chance to offer your support which keeps programs like ours on the air. ♪ ♪ amna: flooding in pakistan last year was the latest in the string of weather disasters the country has faced, prompting calls to make hard-hit areas more resilient. we have the report on one

woman's effort to rebuild. the story was produced in the it is "agents for change." reporter: on a recent morning, workers including residents, were building bamboo frames for construction. the need for durable shelter is overwhelming in a country still grappling with an enormous rebuilding effort. last year's rains wiped away mud huts, standing water still covers acres of land once home to villages of mostly farm laborers. a village and 12 others are the brain architect, the first female to qualify as an architect in pakistan. 83-year-old has won awards on

designing modern buildings like the trade and finance center. >> control everything. there is a different way of working together. reporter: she found her calling at the intersection of architecture and social justice beginning with t 2005 earthquake in kashmir where. >> there was plenty to do there. >> her focusedhifted with the need of shelters that could be built quickly in a country that has been slammed by extreme weather events and using low-cost materials. >> huge monster buildings.

and carbon emissions is because of the construction. reporter: this pedestrian-only street, emphasizing green space and terra cotta tile. [indiscernible] reporter: she found a game-changing substitute mixed with mud becomes stable and water resistant, she says. >> it was critical material because it stabilized. reporter: structures incorporate climate smart design with traditional ones. the key is to build on higher ground and add a short platform for additional protection from floodwaters and used a sloped

patched roof. >> panels is like an umbrella. [indiscernible] very comfortable inside. and keep people from displacement. and make sure people can stay in them. reporter: 5 million remain without permanent shelter. they are training local residents to do it themselves. the hope is that this can be ansferred village to village creating not just sustainable homes, but also jobs. and she is trying to make sure residents can make something to sell, which has allowed many to emerge from extreme poverty. the reason she credits for this success -- >> women are mobile eyesed to do things and i could get the results very quickly. reporter: much of that entrepreneurship is around

cleaner cook stoaps. they learned to build these stoaives. now she earns a living and trains those in neighboring villages. >> we go around villages. we were earning a good wage and i hope it will spread. >> the stoves can go up to custom eyesed. for this woman, it is made preparing the family meal far less burdensome. >> the new stoves are very safer. >> women were crouching on the floor, on the ground and suddenly she was proud.

and when they are strong and confident. there is a good amount of change. reporter: 100 other families here said they are grateful their village was an island in the recent floods. [speaking foreign language] >> because we were higher, we were safe. people had to run to other villages and the water drained away from the house. the water in the old place would come into the house and collapse it. reporter: not just homes but also schools wiped out in the floods. and hopes to build thousands of them in the years ahead and

raising funds to meet the goal of a million homes in the next two years. for the pbs "newshour" in pakistan. amna: this is a partnership with the undertold stories project at the university of st. thomas in minnesota. ♪ ♪ geoff: since the russian invasion of ukraine, 16 million ukranians have been forced to flee their homes. we looked at ukranians trying to rebuild their lives in america and tonight we introduce you to one man and his family through the universal language of. justin kenny of rhode island, for our arts and culture series

"canvass." reporter: sunday morning at the second baptist church in providence rhode island. he is warming up the small choir. it is smaller than he's used to. back home in ukraine, and elsewhere in europe, he conducted in a much grander scale like the reverend billy graham's stadium. [singing] reporter: when russia invaded ukraine a year ago his life changed. one of russia's first targets was his hometown. he and his family were forced to flee. the family made a difficult decision to leave the country and head for the r mannian --

romanian border. >> women and children were crying. it was cold. many times i saw on tv whether it was here or other countries where refugees left countries, but i can see -- [indiscernible] i'm so kids and grandchildren. reporter: they waited for it to be safe to go home, but going home would bring more pain. >> i saw all instruments. reporter: his worst fears were realized and ukranian forces

pushed the russian forces out of their town, his daughter went to see for herself. this is where the family house once stood, full of music and cuure. now, gone. after several months in exile, the family acquired special visas allowing them to come to the united states and moved to rhode island last summer. his family, share a two-bedroom apartment. the children attend nearby christian school. the parents study english at a resetment agency. he now has a social security card and looking for work. >> it's one side this came concert or came as tourist,

but another way to come as refugee. i'm very deeply compassion nature -- compassionate. reporter: does it make you sad to think about your former life? >> life is a journey. from from birth until death. we have to go through different events in our lives. and when i think about on my life, it's not sad. i am thankful to god. he gave me this chance to live. and new part of my life. reporter: finding peace in their music, even when there's no peace back home.

for the pbs "newshour." justin kenny in east providence, rhode island. geoff: there is a lot more online including a look the push to legal eyes is gaining traction. amna: we will speak to a vietnam veteran who is receiving the medal of honor after a 60-year wait. geoff: thanks for being with us. have a good evening. announcer: major funding has been provided by -- >> consumer cellular has offered wireless plans to help people do more what they like. our team can help find a plan that suits you. >> it was like an aha moment. this is what i love doing.

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this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from vwers like you. thank you.

. he'llo, everyone, welcome t "amanpournd company." here is what is coming up. >> in islam make human rights is one of the fund mental issues. >> i get an exclusive interview with the foreign minister on the global condemn nation over iran's human rights and latest fears that the country could be even closer to nuclear breakout. then. >> so these children are essentially being held hostage. >> yes. >> we speak about russia's scheme to forcibly kidnap and adopt thousands of minors from ukraine. with the president of missing children europe. and. >> the smugglers exacerbate the message. they're like used car dealers to

say the sale