geoff: good evening. i'm geoff bennett. amna: body camera footage offers new details on the horrific, deadly event. geoff: a judge's ruling opens the door to more political pressure on medical regulators. amna: a firsthand look at how climate change is threatening a town nestled in the arctic circle. >> living here and also for tourism, it is not good. ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by --

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♪ >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. amna: good evening and welcome to the newshour. the city of louisville released police body camera footage of the shooting that left five people dead and eight others injured. geoff: police are still investigating what led to yesterday's attack the 146th , mass shooting this year. but they said the gunman legally bought the ar-15 style rifle used in the attack just six days prior. officials released roughly nine minutes of new video this afternoon. and a warning, viewers might find some of this video disturbing. body cam footage released by louisville police show the terrifying moments when officers

responded to a gunman who opened fire monday during a staff meeting at old national bank in downtown louisville. >> yesterday's tragedy brings us the 40 people who've been shot to death this year in our city. geoff: at a press conference today, louisville mayor craig greenberg called on state legislators to give the city autonomy to deal with gun violence. >> please change our state law to let louisville make its own decisions about reducing the amount of illegal guns on our streets and gun violence that is killing far too many people. geoff: louisville police say the shooter, who worked at the bank purchased an ar-15 legally a , week ago from a local dealership. and officials confirmed the death of a fifth victim, 57-year-old deana eckert, succumbed to her injuries last night after multiple surgeries. all of the victims -- 63-year-old tommy elliott, 64-year-old jim tutt,

4o-year-old josh barrick and 45-year-old juliana farmer -- were bank employees. dr. jason smith, chief medical officer of university of louisville health, described the toll of caring for victims of gun vience. >>'m weary. there's only so many times you can walk into a room and tell someone they're not coming home tomorrow and it just breaks your hear when you hear someone screaming mommy or daddy. it just becomes too hard day in and day out to be able to do that. no, my team is fantastic. they're absolute professionals and th're wonderful. but sooner or later, it catches up to everybody. geoff: 26-year-old rookie officer nick wilt -- who was shot in the head while engaging the gunman -- remains in critical condition. he graduated from the police academy less than two weeks ago. as the city mourns, an interfaith vigil is planned tomorrow afternoon to honor the lives lost.

democrats representing louisville called for tougher gun safety laws dung that press conference this morning -- saying state and federal officials have not done enough to prevent gun violence. joining me now is one of them -- democratic congressman morgan mcgarvey, who represents the city. thank you for being with us. i want to extend my condolences because i know you were close with one of the victims, mr. tommy elliott. louisville is a tightknit community. how are you and your constituents processing this tragedy, this immense loss? >> it is really tough. louisville is a great community. it is what i call the smallest big city in america were people really do know each other. we are one degree of separation. when people ask you where did you go to school, they mean, where did you go to high school? this is really hard. i hope in the days and weeks and months to come that close-knit

nature of the community is what keeps us together and keeps us healing and getting through this grief. geoff: and that press conference, you called on republicans to pass gun reform policies, saying he should not be political, but about policy. you are the lone democratic congressman representing kentucky. i imagine you have special insights when it comes to working with republicans. what do gun safety policies, laws could republicans support? >> i served in the state senate for 10 years before getting elected to congress. i have worked with kentucky republicans and republicans in washington every day since being in office. let's listen to our communities. let's listen to our constituents. you heard what dr. jason smith said as he almost broke down. he said, give us help, we are weary.

i just came from university hospital where i met with other nurses and physicians who are saying, we need help. let's put policies in place to save people's lives. universal background checks enjoy wild support. let's take these weapons of war off of our street. they are killing people and we can do better. in the state legislature, i worked on a form of extreme risk protection order that helps people in trouble, people in crisis, that gives law enforcement tools. let's bring in the mental health aspect and give people the support they need when they are hurting mentally. geoff: we heard the mayor called on state legislators to change the state law to make its own decisions about reducing gun violence and louisville. how do you think that will be received at the state capitol? >> i hope it is received well

because this is a no-brainer. in kentucky, the weapon used in this terrible tragedy, the ar-15 used to shoot a police officers and kill five innocent civilians, will be auctioned off and can be back on the streets. that is cruel. that should not be the law. if it weapon is used in a crime, we should have the ability to not put that weapon back on the streets. i hope the lawmakers in frankfurt see this is not a political statement, this is something that is the right thing to do. geoff: police said the shooter used an ar-15 style rifle that he purchased locally and legally a week ago. what law, what policy could have prevented someone who poses an imminent teat from obtaining a gun? >> i will stress that this investigation is still ongoing. it is still very dynamic. i don't want to speculate too

much on everything that could or should have happened. look, right now we don't have that type of law on the books. indiana has had a red flag law on the books something like 19 years now and they know it has proven effective. we don't have those tools in kentucky, where if we know someone is an imminent danger to themselves or others, that we can step into someone who is in crisis and protect that person by temporarily removing their firearm. that is one that would help. as we find out more about this particular situation, we can talk more about specific laws. at this point, no policy is going to bring people back to life. we are hurting, we are trying to heal, we are bleeding, but we don't want any other community to go through this type of grief and it is those types of policies that will keep other communities and other families from having to go through this. geoff: again, our thoughts are

with you and theeople of louisville. thanks for your time. >> thank you. ♪ stephanie: i'm stephanie sy with newshour west. here are the latest headlines. the fight over indicting former president trump escalated sharply as a new york prosecutor sued a republican congressman. manhattan district attorney alvin bragg -- a democrat -- obtained the trump indictment in a hush-money case. his federal lawsuit today names representative jim jordan, who chairs the house judiciary committee and is now investigating bragg's investigation. the suit calls that a transparent campaign to intimidate and attack the district attorney himself. it asks a judge to quash the committee's subpoenas. south korea today cast doubt on information in those apparently leaked u.s. intelligence documents. one of them -- posted on social media -- appears to show the u.s. may have spied on south

korean officials. but today, the south's top security advisor questioned parts of the material. >> after the issue was publicized, we evaluated it internally and the u.s. is conducting its own investigation. much of the disclosed information was fabricated, and ment of it is asthe tent.sess stephanie: in a separate statement, the office of south korea's president said the episode will not affect the two nations' alliance. in myanmar, witnesses say government airstrikes have kied as many as 100 people -- including dozens of children. it happened today in the northern sagain region. one account said a warplane bombed a ceremony held by opponents of the military regime. the attack would be one of the deadliest since the army seized power in 2021. israel says its soldiers killed 2 pastinian gunmen today after a drive-by shooting in the occupied west bank. it was the latest violence since last week's clashes at the

al-aqsa mosque compound in jerusalem. today, as in years past, israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu barred non-muslims from the al-aqsa site during the final days of ramadan. tens of thousands of junior doctors in england have begun a four-day strike, demanding a 35% pay raise. picket lines went up today in what could be the most disruptive walkout ever for britain's national health service. the junior-level physicians make up nearly half of all nhs doctors. >> junior doctors over the last 15 years have lost 26.1% of their pay due to inflation. and all we're asking for is for that pay to be restored because no junior doctor today is worth less than a junior doctor in 2008. stephanie: officials said up to 350,000 operations andappointmee to the strike. president biden has arrived in northern ireland to mark 25 years since the good friday agreement that largely ended

decades of sectarian violence. the president landed in belfast, this evening, amid a political crisis that has jeopardized the peace agreement. he travels to the republic of ireland tomorrow. the international monetary fund has downgraded its outlook for global growth this year. today's assessment cited concerns about inflation and interest rates. it also said the possibility of a global recession has risen sharply. but u.s. treasury secretary janet yellen offered an upbeat take on the national economy in an online news conference. >> i believe our banking system remains strong and resilient. it has solid capital and liquidity. and the u.s. economy is obviously performing exceptionally well with -- well. stephanie: north dakota's republican governosigned two transgender athlete bans today. the new laws prohibit transgender girls and women from

joining female sports teams in k through 12 and collegiate settings. at least 19 other states have imposed similar restrictions. the democratic national committesays its 2024 national convention will be in chicago. the choice snals democrats' hopes of holding the midwest in the presidential election. republicans plan to hold their 2024 convention in milwaukee. stilto come on the newshour. texas governor greg abbott seeks to pardon a man who killed a black lives matter protester. the u.n. sounds the alarm on the dire conditions in drought-ridden somalia millions are at risk of losing medcaid coverage as a pandemic-era program ends. and much more. ♪ >> this is the pbs newshour from weta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university.

amna: the country is closely watching how the battle over abortion medication unfolds in federal courts later this week. that follows a decision by a federal judge in texas to overturn the fda's long-standing approval of the abortion medication, mifepristone. but there is also concern about what that ruling could mean for the drug approval process in general. to talk about what is at stake, i'm joined by dr. joshua sharfstein, he's a professor at johns hopkins bloomberg school of public health and former principal deputy commissioner of the food and drug administration. welcome and thanks for joining us. you wrote in an op-ed for the new york times he found the texas judge's decision shocking, stunning, and irresponsible. tell us why that is. >> this is a medication that has been on the market more than 20 years. it has been used by hundreds of thousands of people. it has all the support of the

major medical sociees. and out of the blue, a judge says, i think the fda got it wrong. that kind of video is going to happen in the courts, it throws up in the air while we have an fda at all. amna: have you ever heard of a case in which a court invalidated an agency drug approval? >> i'm n aware of any case. this is just any approval. this is one with a huge body of evidence, or all of the external advisors and it is a medication that has been used for 20 years with the full support of the medical profession. this is stunning however you look at it. amna: the issue of politics making its way into the fda's work and court battles is not new. you cite the example of the plan b emergency contraception education available 10 or so

years ago over the counter. how is this issue over abortion medication different than that battle? >> put the food, drug, and cosmetic act says is that the fda should make decisions based on substantial medication -- substantial research. they make a great decision, the best they can possibly make. sometimes -- what what we don't want is for that decision to be interfered with for political reasons. what we see now is that interference is coming from the court's. previously, that interference was coming from the white house. whether it is the white house or the courts, what the american people deserve, what congress intended in passing the act is for these decisis to be made on the basis of evidence and science and not momentary political calculation. amna: there are people who are

not necessarily political actors among the agency's critics. advocacy groups have criticized the fda saying it moves too slowly on some drug approvals, saved on als. does this open the door for more of those groups to have a different kind of impact, more of an impact on the fda? >> i think this opens the door to chaos. it is really important for people to be engaged with the fda and working with the fda and the scientists to improve the work the agency does, but what we don't want our judges waking up in the morning and making a decision to completely change with the fda has done really with no reason, no compelling reason to do that. that is the danger. the fda is in court all the time. could be a competitor suing about a decision. it could be an advocacy group. it could be a ste legislature

that dides, we think we can make the decisions about all this evidence. once you start chipping away at the idea that we should have good science-based decisions for what medications we put in our bodies, it is hard to find the endpoint. amna: we are still waiting to see how the appeals court will take up this casend it will likely end up before the supreme court. you have said the supreme court will have to decide which side it is on. what did you mean by that? >> i really think this is a pretty simple question. either we are going to allow fda to do its work as congress intended the agency to do, to use science to look through evidence, to make decisions that matter for all of us, or we are going to say, you know, a judge can come in and change that, if that upends that, that will change the calculation for companies. this is why hundreds of ceos are

saying they are worried about what the court may do. the supreme court has to decide, is it going to support an orderly, smart approach to looking at evidence and making decisions or are they going to say anything goes? amna: dr., thank you for your time. >> thank you. ♪ geoff: in the northernmost town on earth, average temperatures are up ncic is inclining. the arctic town sits and because of climate change it is adapting to longer summers and shorter, warmer winters. our special correspondent traveled there to meet people

living in the front line of a changing world. >> nestled between glaciers just 800 miles from the north pole, longyearbyen is unlike anywhere else on the planet. with temperatures just a few degrees above zero in the winter, for the 2900 people who live here, life is an adventure. but it is an adventure that is getting more dangerous. 2 people died when an avalanche hit the town in 2015. many say they were the first people here to be killed by climate change. warmer weather can lead to a less stable snowpack making avalanches more common. >> i was pretty set on working in the snow. >> dr. holt hancock came to svalbard while studying at montana state university. as the fastest warming town on earth, his contribution to work on detecting and predicting avalanches is helping keep locals safe. >> there is now daily avalanche hazard forecasts written for town, which gives an overall picture of what the avalanche

hazard may be. then there is the structural mitigation measures put up on the slope in town, so all of these things go together to attempt to mitigate that risk. >> you obviously grew up around snow in montana, have you managed to bring some of that montana knowledge here to the arctic? >> martin is pretty cold and pretty windy and the winters, so despite that it is that a much lower latitude, and a lot of the processes are still the same. some of that experience you build up at, for instance, a lower latitude, or what we would ll a different snow climate, is still applicable up here. and by the same context, hopefully, some of the things that we learn up here are still going to be applicable at a lower latitude setting. >> living safely with polar bears is not a problem that many other parts of the world have to deal with. the town's museum is as close as

most visitors get. dwindling sea ice is threatening the bears' very existence and pushing them further north to find suitable hunting grounds. it is the weather here that is now the biggest threat for many. the climate here is warming and less snow is falling, but locals say that weather events are getting worse, and days that start with nice mornings can end with incredibly harsh storms. tonight's windchill is -40 degrees. even so longyearbyen has that dubious honor of warming quicker than anywhere else. but it is powered by coal. for decades this was a company town, where coal was the only business. but the global emissions from the very material that built the town are now threatening its future. one working mine remains. its planned closure this year has been postponed until 2025

after the russian invasion of ukraine drove coal prices up in europe. tourism is the big business now. ice cave expeditions are one of the popular activities, but the glaciers are melting at a record rate. >> only about 10 meters underneath the surface. >> mans gullgren guided our way through the labyrinthine structure and says he's wried about how much longer activities li this will be possible. >> i've been thinking about this for years and years. if i were to walk around and worry, which i do, i sort of have to shut it off as well because otherwise it would be too hard. seeing that nothing is actually happening. if we are basing our lives on economic growth, that is what we

are getting. i don't see anything changing soon, but i hope. >> decades of conservation work has gone into trying to protect the fragile ecosystem here. but there's only so much that can be done locally, to limit climate change. this part of the arctic is warming around six times faster than the global average. temperatures in svalbard are up 4 degrees celsius, thatâ™s just over 7 fahrenheit, in the past 50 years. trying to limit the impact of the 130,000 or so annual visitors is high on the agenda here. this tour company has invested in 8 electric snowmobiles. they are recharged using a wind turbine and solar panels on the office roof. it is a measure that has also been used elsewhere to try to help the environment as well as appealing to more environmentally conscious tourists. >> the climate emissions in

svalbard are crazy. living here and also for tourism is not good. >> ronny brunvoll runs visit svalbard, the official tourism board for the archipelago. heâ™s attempting to balance tourist income with tourist impact. >> coming to a high arctic archipelago, they want to be part of tourists that don't leave any footprints, for instance. so companies have to adapt to climate change but also to changes in perspecves of the visitors. >> from early settlers whaling, to mining, and now tourism life , here has constantly had to adapt to survive. but as the sun sets here on an industry that has kept svalbard prosperous and warm climate , change is something they can do little to prevent, and is the biggest challenge yet. for the pbs newshour, i'm john bevir, in longyearbyen, svalbard. ♪

amna: a politically charged murder conviction in texas is testing governor greg abbott's pardon power. a man convicted of killi an armed protester during the 2020 george floyd protests requested a re-trial today, but in the meantime, a state board is looking into whether to recommend a pardon at the request of the governor. laura barron-lopez walks us through the case and the political implications. >> we did jury find the defendant guilty. >> a man convicted of murder in texas may now be pardoned beforr i sergeant daniel perry guilty of shooting and killing 28-year-old garrett foster in july 2020. but republican governor greg abbott condemned the verdict. he said he would work as swiftly as texas law allows towards a pardon, adding that --

texas has one of the strongest stand your ground laws of self-defense that cannot be nullified by a jury. foster was marching in a black lives matter demonstration when perry ran a red light and turned onto the street in downtown austin. both men were armed. protester surrounded perry's car and he fired five shots, killing foster. his attorneys argued he shot in self defense after foster pointed his gun claim first, eyewitnesses disputed in court. in the weeks leadingp to the violence, perry had expressed opposition to the nationwide protests. he texted a friend, "i might have to kill a few people on my way to work, they are rioting outside my apartment complex." >> this is a legal atrocity, it's so obviously unjust. >> since the conviction, fox host tucker carlson has championed perry's case on his primetime program and pressured abbott to intervene --

>> we wanted to ask if he was considering a pardon for daniel perry. but for some reason governor greg abbott's office says he just can't make it. >> hours later, the governor announced his request for an expedited review and pardon recommendation by the state pardon and parole board. today, the county's district attorney asked to present evidence to the texas board of pardons as it considers abbott's request. extremism experts warn that abbott's push to pardon daniel perry is part of a larger pattern within the gop to normalize violence. joining to discuss is jeff sharlet, author of "the undertow: scenes from a slow civil war." he covers the growth of right-wing extremism. thanks much for joining us. you have covered republicans in the far right for a very long time. what is your reaction to abbott saying he supports a pardon for daniel perry? >> i think what we are seeing here and i see abbott's actions

are continuing with the actions of the tennessee state legislators, some of the actions taken by ron desantis, we are seeing in institutionalization of far right violence that some thought came to a peak on january 6. instead, it is being pursued by law and entering into a period in this right-wing movement where it is almost sort of like a mythological age of martyrs. ashli babbitt most famously, i suppose, but now the martyr doesn't even need to have been killed, they have to have been persecuted. amna: i want to get to rittenhouse and babbitt, but daniel perry was active online. he responded to a tweet from then president donald trump in 2020 that made thinly veiled threats of violence toward protesters. he responded saying, send them to texas.

that is just one example of trump and his supporters normalizing violence, using violent rhetoric. what is the impact of trump condoning violence like that? >> i would say it is more than condoning violence, it is more than normalizing violence. i think what we have seen emerge in the united states is a political formation for which we can use the f word, fascism. it is a kind of celebration of violence. one finds one's true self and violence. 72, 73 car ramming attacks on protests in that summer of 2020. we see that in daniel perry's boasting and what i'm going to do and i'm going to make this attack, in the same way that trump has for so long spoken of violence not of something he

regrets, but sees as necessary, but something that is almost joyful and perversely pleasurable. geoff: last night, tucker carlsen had kyle rittenhouse on fox on his program to defend perry. rittenhouse fatally shot two protesters during george floyd protests in 2020, but he was acquitted. rittenhouse has become a folk hero on the right. do you think that republicans and base voters are going to do the same for daniel perry? >> i think it has already happened. we have seen daniel perry celebrated not just on tucker carlson and by kyle rittenhouse and by alex jones and other leading right wing figures, we have seen leading qanon figures embracing daniel perry and almost inserting him and again to the smarter myth, this almost religious feeling of figures as

they imagine as old west heroes. standing their ground. even though and he has already been found guilty so we don't have to revisit that, but the fact is perry himself said right to the police, i wanted to stop him before he aimed. this was not an old west quickdraw. he shot him. there was no aim. that is part of the violence that is being celebrated now, to kill a black lives matter protester. a white man, but as a black lives matter protester, i think in a way is read on the right is part of this threat that they perceive of blackness. amna: you have traveled the country talking to republican voters. why do you think they are martyrizing people like kyle rittenhouse, like ashli babbitt,

the insurrectionist to stormed the capital and was killed by a police officer, and potentially perry? >> it is a stage, it is a stage in trumpism, which has gravitated from a kind of prosperity gospel, winning and getting rich, to a conspiracy religion, and now to you need victims, not just the broad victimization of the right wing, but you need specific characters, stories that become central icons around which you can organize and imagine, and whose stories, into whose stories followers of the movement can project themselves. they can imagine, what would i do if i was in that situation? just as daniel perry was in a sense picking up on the actions of those before him. meanwhile, because i really think we want to connect to the

january, those who are still in prison, we saw in waco, the recent trump rally, where they opened not with the national anthem, but with the january 6 choir. replacing political figures with martyr figures. we replacing traditional rituals with new rituals designed for this new movement. we are replacing the rule of law with this radical states rights. amna: got to leave it there, but thank you for your time. >> thank you. geoff: somalia is facing its worst drought in 40 years -- claiming tens of thousands of lives last year alone. today, the u.n. secretary general antonio guterres was in its capital -- mogadishu -- on his first official visit to the horn of africa in six years... and he called for massive

international support for somalia. stephanie sy has more. stephanie: somalia faces one of the world's most acute humanitarian crises. there are many causes climate change and drought, as well as ongoing armed conflict across the horn of africa. 24 million people are extremely food insecure. and in somalia, humanitarian agencies warn nearly 8 million people, half of the population is still in dire need of , humanitarian assistance. to discuss the challenges, i'm joined by omar mahmood, a senior analyst for east africa for the international crisis group. he joins me from maputo, mozambique. thank you so much for joining us. there was a massive humanitarian mobilization last year that brought somalia back from the brink of famine, and yet 43,000 people died, half of them children. put that tragedy into context for us. >> essentially, somalia is going through a very difficult climatic period right now because you've had five

consecutive rainy seasons that have been below par, and that's essentially unprecedented. and, you know, there's a sixth one underway right now. the projections are that this will also be under par. somalia is one of the most climate vulnerable nations out there in the world. and on top of it, you have a very pressing security situation where it's even difficult to access some of the populations in need. so it all creates kind of a perfect storm. stephanie: and that is the reason that nearly 2 million people today are living in camps specifically for displaced people within the country. we spoke to mercy corps county director george braun, who frequently visits the camps, and he described the situation. >> when you ask them, how do they sustain themselves? they will tell you they only cook the evening meal. so imagine somebody with five young children and all he gets is maybe a multipurpose cache of

-- to buy some food and try to sustain those five children without little food, which comes only in the evening from day to day. and the rest of the time they depend maybe on just water and hang around waiting for the next feed. that is significant. stephanie: so not even within the camps can children and families get enough to eat. when you were last in somalia, omar, how would you compare what you saw to last year when the country was facing famine? have things gotten better or worse? >> well, i mean, it's basically a continuation. you know, i think the the concerns around famine and whatnot, some of the humanitarian response was able to avert that. but temporarily, you know, that is still on the horizon. there's still concerns that if the reonse i't the same level as it was last year and, you know, funding is always an issue here that these kind of dynamics could could reemerge. you know, there's no natural relief on the way, unfortunately, with the climatic conditions. so that's why the humanitarian response is needed to continue.

stephanie: and i want to go back tolimate change, but first i want to ask you about the security situation because we know that nearly one million somalis live under territory controlled by al-shabaab. how does that affect their access to aid? >> it is quite difficult for those populations who live under al-shabaab control. either they have to have to suffer kind of under that way, or they make the cice to basically flee to these idp camps. and that's where we see these numbers, especially in southern somalia, growing quite a bit. but that is, of course, a perilous journey. you know, it takes quite, quite a bit of time to to get to some of these camps as well. stephanie: and not a lot of food there as well all the time. besides the urgent need for immediate food assistance, the secretary said today that somalia needs the, quote, conditions to build resilience and also get on what he called a path toward development. i know you study policy in this region. billions of dollars have gone

into humanitarian aid there over the years. what other kinds of investments are needed? >> if you look at the vulnerability of somalia to climate shocks and climatic changes and how the intervals between these climatic changes is reducing overtime, it basically increases the vulnerability of the country and the population. so climate adaptation work can basically, you know, take that reality into context rather than just simply responding to humanitarian response and developments, but kind of move the needle forward. and so there's a lot of kind of projects around finding new water sources, you know, digging deeper boreholes, rehabilitating infrastructure around canals and other irrigation systems that already exist but have kind of fallen out of out of repair. and so i think channeling some of that, some of that focus and work into some of those things can then also help for the future.

stephanie: omar, thank you for joining us. >> thanks for having me. ♪ amna: last night, we reported on the expansion of medicaid in north carolina, one of a number of states once opposed to doing so. medicaid has grown substantially over time -- more than 90 million people now are on it. but the end of the pandemic is also leading to another big change with medicaid -- as many as 14 million people could lose medicaid coverage in the months ahead. william brangham has the details. william: amna, before the pandemic people had to re-enroll every year for medicaid by submitting paperwork to prove they were eligible. that was suspended during the height of the pandemic and afterward. but starting this month, medicaid recipients have to make sure they are enrolled again. the problem? well, there are many.

among them, not everyone will receive a notice or complete the applications on time. many will fallhrough the cracks due to changing addresses or language barriers. we will hear about these problems and the efforts to re-enroll people in a moment, but let's begin by hearing from some of the folks on the ground trying to help recipients get the coverage they need. >> the thing is, there is not enough advocates to assist every person who's going to be unenrolled from medicaid in our state. so what we're trying to do collectively in a coalition is to get as much information out into the community as we can and do that education. >> florida is one of now just ten states that has refused to expand medicaid under the affordable care act, which means we're going to end up with a lot more individuals who don't have any health coverage. and those people are going to be reliant on places like their local community clinics, federally qualified health centers and charity care. but that's not health coverage.

that's that that may be access to care, but it's not coverage. and i process is online, and we know there's digital equity issues and these transient communities as well. so there's a lot of hurdles, there's a lot of gaps, there's a lotta barriers. >> there is significant room for error in the renewal process and missing a key communication from the state -- in fact a significant portion of cases will be closed due to those sorts of procedural errors. and so for those people, they're going to have to start again at the beginning. >> so we're trying to be as proactive as we can be to educate multilingual community members onhat this process is, what to look out for in the mail, and to contact us if they need any interpretation assistance. [00:02:44][42.7] -- interpretation assistance.

>> we know medical debt is a huge issue and we know it's a more significant issue in states that have not expanded medicaid. so for fear of accruing debt, there will likely be people who do stay away from care once they have lost their health coverage. this is really the time for our legislators to recognize that health care is a human right. the people have truly benefited from having this access to mediid over the past three years. william: to help us understand more about what is at stake and what needs to be done, i'm joined by jennifer tolbert. she's director of state health reform at the kaiser family foundation and associate director for the program on medicaid and the uninsured. very nice to have you here. >> a pleasure to be here. william: the pandemic is waning. the auto enrollment is waning.

in that gap, a lotta people eligible for the care may be losing that care. how is this going to happen? is it going to ba hard deadline? >> states will have up to 12 months to conduct a renewal on everyone who is enrolled in the program. it is important to note that no one will be disenrolled until there has been a full redetermination done. this process will occur over the next 12-14 months. it's not like everyone is suddenly going to get a notice saying they have been kicked off medicaid tomorrow. it will be important to look for notices in the coming months and when they get that notice, it will be important for them to take whatever action they need to take. william: anyone that knows that

if you are relying for something in the mail, that can cause snafus. mail doesn't get delivered on time, you shift to a different address. could there be circumstances where people think they are enrolled and find out, no? >> yes. that very often happens. we estimate that about half of the people expected to lose coverage will remain eligible, but lose coverage anyway because of these procedural barriers. as much as half, yes. william: we heard from some of these navigators trying to help people stay on track. are those people common in the world out there. can you find help easily? >> yes and no.

there are people available. it might take a little bit of legwork, but reaching out to their providers when th seek care. some of those navigators will be available at provider offices, community health centers are great place for people to go if they need assistance. william: i know that you study how states operate these programs. are there certain states that are better prepared for this and do a better job of this kind of navigation? >> we do knothis will play out differently across states and that is because of policy decisions states are making as well as issues like staff capacity and the capacity of systems to process all of the renewals that states will have to do. we are anticipating that things will go differently across

states. the good news is they have had months to prepare and they have gotten a lot of guidance from the federal government on how to do this well. william: of that estimated 14 million or so people who might lose eligibility, are there certain groups in particular that might be those falling off the roles? >> i think there are certain groups who are at greater risk. certainly people with limited english proficiency who are less likely to get a notice in the mail in the language in which they speak. people who have moved during the pandemic and maybe didn't update their information with the state. it will be harder for the state to reach those individuals. people with disabilities may face greater challenges. they often have different requirements.

that can be challenging to find the documents and send them back than the required timeframe. william: you mentioned reach out to your provider. if someone is worried, what should people do? >> if they are concerned, they can reach out to their medicaid agency proactively to find out when to expect that notice from the state. they can also simply be on the lookout for information from the state. that notice will likely come in the mail. there are also other ways the state may communicate, via email or text message. i think the greatest advice is to just be on the lookout for those notices. when the notice comes, open it right away, read it, and take the necessary action. william: jennifer, thank you so much. >> thank you. ♪

geoff: betty reid soskin recently retired at 100 years old as the oldest national park service ranger. but this achievement is just one of many during her multi-faceted career. here, ms. soskin shares her brief but spectacular take on finding herself through song. >> i have been so many women so many different times. i've been a daughter, a mother, a businesswoman, a federal worker. i was 85 before i became a park ranger. i retired at i've actually been 100. so many things, it's hard to remember. ♪ i'm 101 years old. when i was in my forties i believe, i suffered a mental break. during my breakdown, i would be singing. i remembered several songs, only to find that i'd written them.

♪ they're fascinating songs. they tend to be about life as i was living it. i think that music has the power to change anything, because i could sing things that i couldn't say. but when i sang them, they were acceptable. i was discovered any number of times, but i couldn't do that. i have four children. i wanted to be a betty who sang. i didn't want to be a singer. i set the box of songs in the closet and they stayed in that box for 40 years. only to be found a few years ago by a filmmaker who was doing a film about me. and they have provided a soundtrack for a film that tells my life story. when my two husbands and my father all died within three months, i was no longer defined

by someone else's name. i didn't consider myself a feminist because the men in my life were suffering the same kinds ofppression that i was. it wasn't until the that i began 1990's to take on feminism as a role for me. that's when i began to really feel like betty. the advice i would give to myself as i was a young woman would be to never marry. i could have done all the things that i have done without a man. what's more important in life? the questions are the important things. each time they get asked, there is a different meaning because you've grown so much from the last time you asked it. the answers are only temporary. being 101 is really something because you feel as if you're starting all over again.

i don't know what comes next, but i do know that i'm ready for it. i never really dreamed that there were so many parts to me. i don't think i'll be remembered as a park ranger. i want to be remembered as betty. my name is betty and this is my brief but spectacular take on signing my name to freedom. geoff: she is exceptional. you can watch more brief but spectacular videos online at pbs.org/newshour/brief. amna: later tonight on pbs, frontline presents the second of three parts chronicling the war in afghanistan. america and the taliban explores how the war began, american efforts to dtroy al qaeda and oust the taliban, and how some decisions led to more afghans turning agait the united states. >> the province has had more than its fair share of civilian

casualties. >> taking small gravefor nine children. >> general david petraeus has apologized for the deaths. >> the raids were backfiring. protests were mounting, as was anger at the government in the united states. >> the accumulation of civilian casualt's, mistakes, all mistakes to be clear, we were tough. >> karzai replaying -- complained repeatedly. >> i understand absolutely the pressures karzai was under and i sought to convey to him the challenges with which i was having to deal as the commander of u.s. and coalition forces in afghanistan. war is full of mistake scum of full of incredible loss --

mistakes, full of incredible loss, heartbreak, hardship, and casualties. amna: frontline airs at 10:00 p.m. eastern on most pbs stations and on youtube. geoff: and that is the newshour for tonight. i'm geoff bennett. amna: and i'm amna nawaz. on behalf of the entire newshour team, thank you for joining us. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> actually, you don't need vision to do most things in life. yes, i'm legally blind and yes, i'm responsible for the user interface. data visualization. if i can see it and understand it quickly, anyone can. it's exciting to be part of a team driving the technology forward. i think that is the most rewarding thing. people who know, know bdo. ♪ >> carnegie corporation of new

york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security at carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ >> this is pbs newshour west from w eta studios in washington and from the bureau at the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. ♪ >>

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