♪ >> good evening. i'm amna nawaz. geoff bennett is on assignment. on the "newshour" tonight, the federal reserve again raises interest rates -- but signals a future pause amid uncertainty in the banking sector . . russia accuses ukraine of drone attacks on the kremlin to assassinate president vladimir putin--a claim that risks escalating the ongoing war. and, in her latest installment of aamerica at a crossroads, judy woodruff examines the history of racism in america and the role it plays in the nation's divisions today. >> it may not be possible for us to live in a democracy this large, this diverse, where all of us are created equal. but not pursuing that is the death of the american idea.

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thank you. >> welcome to the newshour. the federal reserve raised interest rates for the tenth consecutive time, this time by a quarter of a point. suggested the fed may finally take a pause on hiking as the economy has continued slowing down. during a press conference he was asked why he remained optimistic that the ongoing rate increases would not tip the economy into a recession. he cited the state of the job market. >> it was not supposed to be possible for job openings to decline by as much as they have declined. we have unemployment coming up, that is what we have seen. so there are no promises in this, but it just seems to me that it is possible that we can continue to have a cooling in the labor market without having the big increases in unemployment that have gone with many prior episodes. that would be against history. >> to help us sort through this and the feds approach, i am

joined by david. he's the director of the hutchins center of fiscal and monetary policy at the brookings institution. good to see you. powell was asked why this increase when the economy seems to be cooling. what is the thinking? >> jay powell is determin not to let inflation continue to be at these levels. jay powell idolizes paul, the fed chair who broke the back of inflation. and he is willing to take a recession if that is what it takes to bring inflation down to their target. was interesting was he admitted that the fed staff thinks that we are going to have a recession. 400 phd economists, he just happens to disagree. >> this is their 10th straight hike, the fastest series of rate increases since the 1980's. inflation has begun to moderate but it is above the 2% goal that they want to hit. so are we going to see more increases? >> we do not know. he signaled that this may be the

last one for a wild he did not commit. he says it depends on a couple of things. the incoming data, the inflation cool off or not. and secondly, they are focused on how much banks will be reluctant to lend as a result of the banking crisis. if they see a lot of that they may not raise rates at the june meeting. >> inflation has been stubbornly high for two years now. when you look at this particular economy, where we have seen persistent price increases. help us understand why it has been so hard? >> well, we get inflation when demand grows faster than the capacity of the economy to meet the demand. the demand has remained strong. consumer spending has been pretty strong, partly because a lot of people have jobs. a lot of companies have raised prices because they can and let their profit margins get bigger. we're not done with the supply chain problems that marked the covid episode.

but it is a surprise that inflation has been so stubborn and that is why the fed has been aggressive with raising rates. >> why do you think jay powell is optimistic he can avoid a recession right now? >> he knows that if he said we were going to have a recession, everyone would panic and we definitely have one. i believe that he hopes that we will not have a recession but i do not believe that he thinks that it is likely. >> there are other economic challenges. you mentioned three bank failures in recent months. they have brought or concerned about the physical sector. how does that complicate the fed's efforts moving forward? >> if the fed raises interest rates it gets expensive for people to borrow. they spend less money, less demand in the economy should bring down inflation. that is what the textbook says. suddenly, they have another factor, how much are bankers going to pull in? how much are they going to raise the standards for lending? how much of a credit contrary going have? jay powell has made it clear

that a credit crunch is like a rate increase. the bigger, the less they have to raise rates. they are watching closely to see not these three banks because they are taken care of, but what do the rest of the banks do? it's serious for small and medium-size businesses which depend on regional banks that are getting more stingy. >> as you know in washington there is a showdown over raising the debt limit, creating a lot of uncertainty. it could lead to turmoil even if we do not default. how could that impact future that action? >> if you are at the fed looking toward a meeting in june, you say we are not going to raise rates if we are in the middle of a debt ceiling crisis. so it may be the reason that this is the last rate increase for a while. >> finally, how should everyday consumers look at all of this data and information coming in right now? >> one thing that powell made clear today is that we are not going to see rate cuts anytime soon. in the financial markets have been expecting rate cuts, so i

would not make any plans on expectations that the fed will be cutting rates before the end of the year. >> we will wait and watch and we welcome you back when we have more. david of the brookings institution, thank you for being here. >> you are welcome. ♪ >> i'm stephanie with newshour west. here are the latest headlines. a man suspected of killing one person injuring for at a shooting in a medical building in atlanta has been arrested. all of the victims were women. police say the suspect, 24-year-old dion patterson was taken into custody. officers swarmed the scene and shut down traffic in the busy commercial area. the shelter-in-place advisory was lifted several hours later. there is no word on a possible motive. police in texas have arrested two people for allegedly helping a mass shooter allude a manhunt after he killed five neighbors. francisco oropeza's wife and a

friend were jailed overnight. oropeza himself was captured hours earlier, north of houston. the announcement brought an end to a four-day search. >> bottom line is, we now have this man in custody. he was caught hiding in a closet, underneath some laundry. >> oropeza was charged today with five counts of first-degree murder. investigators in oklahoma say a convicted rapist shot six people it took his own life. the bodies were found monday at a home near the town of henrietta 90 miles east of oklahoma city. police said jesse killed his wife and five teenagers, then himself. he was facing trial, on charges of soliciting images of child sex abuse. in serbia, a 13-year-old boy shot dead 8 of his fellow students and a guard at a school in belgrade today. police arrested the shooter after he called them when the attack ended. they said he

planned it for a month, but they offered no motive. though guns are widely available in the region after the balkan wars of the 1990's, mass shootings are exceedingly rare. a court in belarus has convicted a dissident journalist whose arrest sparked international outrage two years ago. raman pratasevich was living in exile when belarussian officials used a bomb hoax to divert his commercial flight to minsk. today, he was sentenced to 8 years in prison on charges of inciting riots and plotting a coup. his messaging channel had been used to coordinate protests. the military rulers in myanmar began releasing more than 2,100 political prisoners today. the regime said they're being freed as a humanitarian gesture on the most important buddhist holy day of the year -- and reunited with their families. thousands of other political prisoners remain in jail. the u-n's humanitarian chief is appealing to the warring factions in sudan -- to let humanitarian agencies work in safety.

martin griffiths visited port sudan today, where thousands of refugees are camped. he told a video news conference that the situation is desperate. >> we need access, airlift, supplies. today jamesnformed me that six trucks of theirs which were going to darfur were looted on route despite insurances of safety and security. so, ita™s a volatile environment, so we need those commitments that is one of my obligations, i think, in this visit to sudan and the region. >> the fighting and sudan has killed at least 550 people and forced hundreds of thousands to flee. authorities in rwanda say at least 129 people are dead in a flood disaster -- and they warn, it will get worse. torrential rain struck the western and northern parts of the country last week -- and also affected neighboring uganda. the downpours sent streams flowing down roads and drenched peoples' homes. officials say mudslides have hampered rescue efforts.

>> back in this country the cdc reports the rate of overdose deaths related to fentanyl tripled over five years. new numbers show the rate for every hundred thousand people jump from 5-point-7 deaths in 2016 to more than 21 in 2021. deaths from heroin and oxycodone fell marginally during that period. the new york city examiner determined a passenger restrained by passengers died by chokehold. jordan neely, and michael jackson impersonator who formed at the times square station was. the unnamed marine veteran who put him in a headlock was taken into custody after the incident but released without charges. the federal trade commission accused facebook today of failing to protect children's privacy.

they charge the social media giant has violated a 2020 order and put users of the messenger kids app at risk. it proposed a ban on facebook profiting from data on minors. the company called the announcement "a political stunt". 4 resources of died. kentucky derby contender wild on ice had to be euthanized after a workout. track officials worked with regulators to conduct investigations. the debts overshadowed preparations for the kentucky derby, which will take place saturday. and at the rock 'n' roll hall of fame, they announced their class of missy elliott made history 2023. today as the first female hip-hop artist to be inducted. she's joined by willie nelson, sheryl crow and the late george michael. the induction ceremony will be november third in new york. still to come on the "newshour", communities on the u.s./mexico border prepare for the end of a covid-era immigration rule

. the families of americans detained abroad criticize the biden administration . an art historian brings attention to women who have been overlooked and much more. ♪ >> this is the pbs news hour from w eta studios in washington and into the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. >> today moscow awoke to a dramatic image, an apparent drone exploding over the kremlin. the heart of russian power. russian president's press service accused ukraine of a failed assassination attempt but kyiv denies any involvement. nick is following today's development that he joins me here now. good to see you. you been reporting on this all day, what do we know about what happened? >> moscow says two drones flew

over the kremlin after about 2:00 in the morning. kim filmed to explosions 15 minutes apart. -- cameras filmed 2 explosions. analysts say what we are watching is a small drown unarmed, exploded or brought down by russian air defense. the kremlin called that a failed assassination attempt against russian president vladimir putin and though he was not in the kremlin at the time. ukrainian president visiting finland and denied any involvement. >> we do not attack vladimir putin or moscow. we fight on our territory. we are defending our villages and cities. we do not have enough weapons for this. and we did not attack latimer putin. we leave it to the tribunal.

>> the tribunal was a reference to war crimes pretty u.s. officials say they are working on what they think actually happened but one u.s. official said regardless of the origin of the explosion, the u.s. was not given any warning. but we did hear skepticism of russia's claims today from secretary of state antony lincoln, talking to the washington post david ignatius. >> first, i have seen the reports. i cannot in any way validate them. we simply do not know. second, i would take anything coming out of the kremlin with a large shaker of salt. >> the u.s. denying or some skepticism of russia. what we heard from russian pro-war bloggers today was that this was not going to change the war. that seemed to indicate that this was not any kind of dramatic assassination attempt or could preclude any escalation. >> that is dramatic video making the rounds and everyone has been

examining it, talking to sources. we been talking to every analyst and expert that you have in your contact list. what do they believe happened, is there consensus? >> there is not consensus. some believe this could've been a false flag operation, meaning the kremlin launched the drone, rod the drone down itself, in order to preclude some kind of teacher escalation in ukraine or to add to the narrative that latimer couldn't as it saying that it is -- putin has been saying it is ukraine attacking russia. that is unlikely because this revealed the vulnerability of russia's air defense. the fact that the drone got over the kremlin and was not exploded until it was actually inside the kremlin complex. they point out that there were multiple drone crashes in recent days around moscow, likely by either independent people acting on ukraine's behalf or by ukraine itself. ukraine does have drones that

fit this description, ukrainian and chinese made. samuel, a russian studies analyst at the think tank cna says this could have been kyiv sending a signal. >> if it was a drone strike demonstrated to the russian government that ukraine can strike into the heart of russia. this may have been a symbolic attack sent to demonstrate next time or the time after that, a ukrainian drone it can carry more bombs, more munitions. it can be more precise. >> he is denies involvement. there u.s. reiterated it neither encourages nor enables ukraine to attack inside russia but what kyiv does not deny including the military intelligence chief, is the idea that it uses ukrainian weapons to attack inside russia. in recent days we have seen an uptick of those attacks, a derailment of trains along russia's supply lines, into ukraine.

we've seen in explosion of a fuel storage depot near the border right there with russia. u.s. officials call these shaping operations to degrade russian supply lines ahead of ukraine's expected counteroffensive. >> on a related front, we have had comments from ukrainian president commenting on those recently u.s. intelligence leaks. especially the ones that revealed ukrainian military information. >> we spoke to ukrainian senior officials about documents that really detailed a lot of information about ukraine's military and they downplay the documents and said they had no impact on ukraine with a bilateral relationship. zelinski did not downplay their impact. he gave an interview to the washington post, he was critical. he said he did not receive information before hand and said quote it unprofitable for us. it is not beneficial to the reputation of the white house and i believe it is not

beneficial to the reputation of the united states. the documents revealed air defense shortages and details of the units that are about to launch this counteroffensive against russia. they revealed that the u.s. told ukraine not to attack moscow on the one-year anniversary of the full-scale invasion and they revealed that the u.s. spies on zelinski and senior staff and asked if he was angry about u.s. spying, he indicated that airing his private feelings was not worth the potential diplomatic harm. now secretary of state antony lincoln, the defense department, joint chiefs of staff, damaged up to their counterparts as the leaks at the news and frankly both sides were quite surprised, u.s. officials taken aback and caught off guard like ukrainians. >> ripple effect still being felt. nick, thank you for your reporting. ♪

>> the biden administration is rushing to prepare for an increase in migrants at the southern border as the pandemic-era deportation policy -- known as title 42 -- is set to end in a matter of days. an additional 1,500 troops are being sent to the us-mexico border next week to help with administrative tasks as local communities brace for the change. laura barron-lopez has more on how one border city is preparing, el paso, texas is a critical stop for thousands of migrants seeking asylum from mexico and south and central america. more than five-thousand migrants are in customs and border patrol custody already in the el paso sector. with more arriving every day. el paso's mayor declared a humanitarian state of emergency ahead of the end of title 42 -- a policy that allowed for the immediate expulsion of millions of migrants . >> joining us is bishop mark of

the catholic diocese of el paso. thank you for joining us. your church provides shelter for migrants seeking asylum at the u.s. mexico border. how is your diocese preparing for the end of title 42? >> we are meeting with all of the people involved in the process from local counties and city officials to border enforcement agencies, to ngos and others. we are trying to come together with daily meetings to begin to address this constantly changing situation. >> i talked to immigration lawyers and advocates today who said the biden administration just reached out to them about 2 days ago, reached organizatio on the ground about how to plan for the lifting of title 42. do you feel as though you are receiving adequate guidance or assistance from federal authorities? >> we have been concerned for

quite a while that there seems to of been a well-kept secret, whatever was being planned. it certainly would hav been helpful to know earlier. i do understand that a lot of things have been in the works. but it has left us feeling as though we really do not quite know what to prepare for. >> what are you hearing from el paso residents on the u.s. side of the border, as well as the reratortrog?as you prerepa for you are a place thy familiar with the passage of people across the border. we are a border community. by that i mean that everyone here has connections across the border. and so, the presence of immigrants coming through is part of our dna in a certain way.

there is a general openness and empathy with those who are feeling forced to leave their homes. i think that people here right now are very concerned about whether we can handle the numbers that are coming to us and yes, there are concerns about whether that will have a negative impact on our community, but even more than that, these people who are in our midst are going to be adequately cared for. >> the continued use of title 42 has been criticized by immigration advocates, the continued use under the abided administration, because it allows customs and border patrol to expel migrants seeking asylum without due process. now the abided minutes duration is about to finalize a new

regulation that would make it difficult, blocking migrants from seeking asylum if they have traveled through other countries to get to the united states. do you think that president biden has made good on his promises to institute a more humane immigration policy compared to his predecessor? >> i think the administration came in with great hopes and plans and i am presuming that they still want to have a more human process. but the concern about the numbers that we are facing has left them choosing options that we really have concerns. we believe that these policies will have negative impact on the fundamental right of asylum, which is supported in inteational and national law. we thought we had learned after world war ii we turned away

boats of jewish people trying to find refuge in the united states, that nations and not just some nations, every nation, has a responsibility to accept these people that are at our doors. yes, they have to comply with a certain process and prove their needs, but what is at risk right now is that people who are fleeing to us will have no other place to go. sometimes they talk about these other nations that they pass through as being safe third countries. i don't know of a safe third country in central america right now. they are all facing significant problems and so again i wonder where these people are going to turn. >> bishop, the president is sending an additional 1500

troops down to border communities like yours in el paso. do you think that these extra troops are necessary? >> we are concerned about the militarization of the situation. we are going to be very attentive to make sure that the administration sticks to what it said, that these troops are not going to be involved in military style enforcement but rather the balance. >> bishop marks of the catholic diocese of el paso, thank you for your time. >> appreciate it. ♪ >> the fact that our country is divided isn't new -- and in many respects it can be traced back to the founding of a nation on the promise of freedom while dependent on slavery, when black enslaved people couldn't participate in the democracy being created. judy woodruff examines how that foundational contradiction has

evolved over time -- and what it means for our challenges today in her latest installment of america at a crossroads. >> from the push for equality in our schools, in government and in our communities to the targeting of communities of color by white supremacists. and the killing of unarmed black men and women by police. america's historic division -- over race -- remains at the heart of so many conflicts we see today. >> at the lincoln memorial, honoring a president who held our nation together as that division nearly tore it apart, i met theodore johnson. a man who has been wrestling with questions surrounding our history, his own place in it, and the precarious moment we find ourselves in today. judy: a lot of people would argue that this country is as divided now as it has been at any time since the civil war.

johnson: right. judy: do you see it that way? johnson: i don't. lincoln was the one that said a house divided against itself cannot stand. and he was talking about a nation that was half slave and half free. we're not close to that. that said, we've got some serious issues that we need to tackle. and if we don't get it sort of under control, it could spiral out of control. and we reach another point in our history where an existential threat is posed by the fact that americans do not get along with one another. >> for years, johnson's been writing about race, history, politics and democracy including in his 2021 book, when the stars begin to fall. >> is thinking about 2026. >> at the new america foundation, a center-left think tank in washington, he's now working on a project examining the country as it approaches 250 years since the signing of the declaration of independence.

johnson: we've come a long way. look, i'm a black man in america in 2023, and while things are not perfect, i'd much rather be here than a black man in america in 1923, or, god forbid, a black man in america in 1823. that is a story of national progress. but that progress was not inevitable. that progress was the result of people challenging the government. that progress was the result of protest. that progress was a result of people giving their lives, their energies, their sweat, giving up their ability to live a peaceful life, to fight for the rights of future generations to have a better version of america than they had. >> johnson's writing and thinking on these big questions are heavily influenced by his personal history, starting with his maternal great grandfather -- a sharecropper in southwest georgia raised during the jim crow era. johnson: we called him daddy joe. his name was joe humphrey. and in this picture, he's at a fair of some sort. and again, this is the 1950s. he's in

farming gear, coveralls with his boots, polished pipe hanging out of his mouth and behind him, or two american flags sort of angled over each shoulder. >> everything around them told them that this country did not appreciate them, that they didn't belong. and yet they instilled in their children a faith in america, a faith in hard work and a belief that if you just work hard enough, maybe this country won't treat you fairly, but you will make more progress, make more of a way for yourselves and for your families than than than previous generations. >>that promise of progress materialized in johnson's parents, who were the first in their families to complete college, in north carolina, and who later settled there to work for ibm. johnson: and so i grew up like the cosby kids. i grew up in raleigh, north carolina, in the suburbs, mostly surrounded by my white neighbors. but i had no excuse for not doing well here because of the sacrifices of those who come before me.

and so it's sort of incumbent upon me, i think, to carry that optimism and faith forward. >> johnson attended hampton university, the historically black college in virginia, where he studied mathematics. looking for purpose, afterwards he joined the navy -- where he'd go on to serve for 20 years, rising to the rank of commander. while in the navy, he worked in national security in the obama white house and as a speechwriter at the pentagon for the joint chiefs of staff. but the questions of his place in this country -- and his children's -- became unavoidable. the 2012 death of trayvon martin -- a 17-year-old boy shot to death in florida for simply walking down the street -- was a turning point. johnson: i'll tell you that that concern that began in 2012 only accelerated as the years went by because of the increased number of very public deaths of black men and women at the hands of law enforcement often caught on

camera. and those videos made their way onto social media at the same time, my sons were coming of age teenagers using social media and then coming to me with these videos asking me, daddy, why does this continue to happen? sorry. and i didn't have a good answer to them. i could only tell them about the story of our country, the work that people have done to ensure that these things happened less frequently. but i, i almost did not have an option personally, except to change my career, except to to leave the military and begin thinking about these issues more seriously. >> johnson returned to school, studying law and policy and earning his doctoral degree writing about the history of civil rights and the black vote in america. now a columnist at the

washington post, he continues to explore the contradictions he's experienced reconciling his family history with his own, the promise of america now with a reality that often falls short. johnson: this ability to hold a love of country at the same time as a sort of critique of the country together and the way that that picture did sort of played out on a football field for my family. one friday evening, one of my sons was playing football and kneeled during the national anthem. i'm a retired navy guy. i was standing at attention during the national anthem. and of course, there were some parents around that didn't like the fact that my kid was kneeling and i could tell. it was pretty audible and clear. after the anthem finishes the flag that the team carries out had sort of tumbled to the ground. and i ran down and picked it up and posted it back up. and the same folks that were, you know, making remarks about my kid kneeling sort of step into the aisle to thank me for posting the flag up for them, for, you know, for

respecting the flag. and in that moment, my family was still recognizing a pride in country through my sort of standing at attention and a reckoning that's the country needs, especially around the question of race that my son was protesting during the anthem. that seems to be a common strain not just for me and my family but for lots of americans, especially lack americans who have served --black americans who have served in every war but returned to a nation that did not treat them as full citizens, as each will. judy: you've written about trying to understand why many white americans are having difficulty with what's happening in our country right now. demographic changes. the fact that more minorities are serving in roles of leadership in our country. what are you finding out as you try to understand that? johnson: yeah. so here's how i think about it: when you are

raised in a country that tells you that you are the descendants of a remarkable set of men that created a new country on the idea of equality and liberty and justice and democracy. and you are very proud of that heritage. and then suddenly people come along and say, wait a minute, that story's not complete. we were part of that story, too. and not only are they insisting to be part of the story, but now through demographics, through elections, through economics, they are acquiring more power that they didn't have in earlier versions of america. feels like losing money or physical security. it does not mean that they hold racial hatred or that they despise other folks, but it does mean that sense of loss will often cause some kind of backlash to sort of ensure that their stability of identity, of history, of heritage isn't

interrupted. >> back at the lincoln memorial,a reminder of this country's willingness to tear itself apart over these questions, i asked johnson how he sees us getting through this moment. johnson: i think the pursuit of it is more important than arriving there. i don't know that we'll ever get to a place where the ideals that are laid out in our declaration and in the constitution have been fully achieved. i've read that some have called america maybe the ultimately unachievable project. maybe it may not be possible for us to live in a democracy this large, this diverse, where all of us are created equal. but not pursuing that is the death of the american idea, is the death of of what the country could be. and when we give up the going together - and this - the hyperpartisanship, the culture war stuff is breaking up our ability to go together, not only will we never get there, we won't even be on the same journey together anymore. and when that happens, if history is any guide, political violence is likely to follow. and the dream that the potential of the

american experiment perhaps lost. >> the view of one man who sees the progress thata™s been made and who hopes it will continue. for the pbs newshour, i'm judy woodruff in washington. ♪ >> families of americans detained abroad are turning up the pressure on the biden administration to bring their loved ones home. outside the white house today, at least 20 families gathered calling for president biden to meet with them and to use all tools necessary to bring their loved ones home. this weekend, at the white house correspondents dinner, president biden spoke directly to some of those families. >> cross government experts are working day and night with our fellow americans. my commitment, my commitment is to bring them home.

>> among those at todays demonstration, the families of three americans held in iran: siamak namazi, emad sharghi, and morad tahbaz, joining me here in the studio are the daughters of two of those men riana and hannah sharghi, and tara tahbaza >> your families have been fighting for your father's release for five years now. you've been speaking with officials in giving interviews. why turn it up a notch, why this demonstration outside the white house today? >> we have been speaking out for five years, but with every day, it becomes more evident how crucial it is for the president and american government to bring loved ones home. we do not know what tomorrow brings. for example, our father was caught in the fires and the

riots at the prison a few months ago. he very nearly died. and so really whenever we can come together and really make our voices heard and perhaps have the chance to speak with president biden, that is what we are trying to do. >> one is the last time you spoke with your dad? >> we spoke to her dad recently, we were lucky enough to talk to him but we never know what the next day will bring or when we will be able to speak again. there has been one year we have not spoken, months where we have not spoken. it shows the pressure we are under in that time really, it is of the essence. we do not have a date, they need to be as home as soon as possible. >> what is the last time you talked to your dad and what is he doing? >> i spoke to him yesterday but you really cherish every phone call because you never know when the next one will be.

and he is not doing well. six years he has been there. and you guys have not seen signs of them coming home and my father is 67 years old, he has a history of cancer. he is been hospitalized multiple times while being incarcerated and contracted covid three times. his mental and physical health is at risk every day he is there. >> you and other family members are urging the president to use every tool at his disposal. the white house says they are working around the clock. last week they imposed new sanctions on the intelligence group, on senior officials. what tool do you want them to use that you don't see them using? >> i did not think we are in a position to know that. but it is great that they have imposed sanctions. it's a great way to deter hostage taking in the future, but deterrents are not bringing our father's home. they really need to work on

deterring this from happening, but also bringing home the americans who are currently being held. >> how much of an update to get from officials? do you know about specific negotiations or a proposed deal to for your father? >> everything we know is everything that the public knows and is in the media. we keep being told that they are a priority, that they are working but the administration has been in place for 27 months and we've been hearing the same thing. the easiest first step is for the president to meet with our families and give our loved ones of hope that he even took the first step for them to believe that they are a priority. and to just see the actions and not just the words. >> we have reported on this before. the family of evan, the wall street journal reporter detained in russia since late march, his family received a call from the president, they met with him. i know you and the others have

been asking for a similar meeting. what is your understanding of why that has not happened yet? have they given you a reason? >> i did not understand why the president has not called us, why he will not speak with us. i'm glad he called evans family, but he should give us the same opportunity. if you ask ago, he put his life at risk calling from a phone to a news reporter here begging for the president to speak to our families and still he has not. and i do not understand why. we are three daughters begging for our president to talk to us, to bring our dad's home. i would like to see that happen. i would like the chance to speak with him. >> what would you say? >> i would agree. we have asked countless time and i was actually with them when they had a fortuitous moment 44 days ago when we crossed paths with enough time for her to hand him a letter

aski to meet with us. in the past maybe the messages were not getting to him. but now we know that he directly knows from our families that we are asking for this meeting and 44 days have gone by and we are still wondering why. what will it take for him to give us time, the with us, here are stories of how scared we are and how much their lives are at risk every day they are there. >> no update or word as to whether the president read the letter that your aunt handed to him, is that right? >> no update. >> does it feel to you because we know there are a number of americans detained in countries overseas, does it feel as if those who are detained in iran are being seen differently for some reason by the administration? we know it is an incredible complicated political situation given the nuclear talks. do you feel your families are being treated differently? >> i did not know if we are being treated differently but what i will say is the

administration has been able to get individuals held hostage out of russia. as russia is in a war. i cannot see a situation more complicated than that, so i do not understand how our situations are any more complicated. >> as you know the white house will say a meeting does not matter that much. we've heard sec. blink and saying he carries a card in his pocket with the names of detained americans abroad listed. but they are working around-the-clock, regardless of whether they have time for a call or a meeting. help us understand why you think a face-to-face meeting is important? >> i know the president is an empathetic man. i know he believes that family has to be whole. i want to tell him that we need our family to be whole again. i want to tell him how scared we are, tell him about her family, our dad, how much we need him. sentiments are nice, they carry the card, i appreciate it.

i need action and i need to say that face-to-face with the president. we need action. >> given how complicated it is and we've heard the white house lead hostage negotiator said that this is complicated, iran is difficult to deal with, do you think a face-to-face meeting would shake something loose for some reason? >> i think so because as hannah said, i think the president is a man of compassion and empathy. meeting with us and hearing are stories first-hand, he has the opportunity to see the faces of the families are suffering and he more than anyone knows the pain when you lose a member of your family or the time is robbed from you. seeing our father's name on a piece of paper and being able to connect it back to our faces, it makes it a more real situation versus just a name. we've heard first-hand on cnn from trevor reed's father how much it meant for them to meet with the president and how much hope it gave to their loved ones that were imprisoned. we saw their loved ones come

home shortly after that. >> we think all three of you for being with us. we are to get about your fathers and your families and thank you for being here to talk to us. >> tha yyoouo muu.ch. k ♪than >> how many women artists can you name? that was a question katy hessel, then a 21 year old art history major, asked herself. the results were disappointing. and so she set out to learn and teach herself and then others. the result is out now: the story of art without mena --men jeffrey brown has a look for our arts and culture series, canvas. if you want to explore the history of western arta and katy hessel does.

you can' do better than come to new yorka™s metropolitan museum of art. so thata™s what we did. >> when we talked about doing this interview you proposed this room. and now i see why. katy hessel: this is rosa bonheurs the horse fair from 1852. and it's an extraordinary work. i think first of all, just the scale of it, is absolutely extraordinary, not only just among the works around it, but the fact that a woman painted this in the 1850s, which was such a feat. >> one painting. by one woman, but part of a much larger, little-known history that hessel lays out in her new book, the story of art without men. it happens that rosa bonheur is an artist i am familiar with, but only by chance. in 2020 we visited her 19th century home, now a small museum outside paris, as part of a story on france's efforts to preserve lesser-known cultural institutions falling into disrepair. in her lifetime, she achieved no small renown. but it didn't last and she never made it into mainstream art history books.

certainly not the classic hessel had studied in school: the story of art by e.h. gombrich, first published in 1950 and reprinted for decades since. >> this is the book that many people studied as the bible, right, of art history? katy hessel: completely. it's the introductory bible to art history. and i love it, because it is for everyone. you know, the fact that he writes in such beautiful prose that anyone can understand. youa™ve heard of a term such as the renaissance or the baroque, and you can look that up in gombrich. but he doesn't include any women artists. he only includes one in his 16th edition. which is crazy! and the fact that i loved this book growing up, i wanted to write, you know“ if he was going to leave out women, i thought i'd leave out men. >>now 29, hessel first created an instagram account, athe great women artists, featuring short videos. many women, of course, simply had no opportunity to become artists, or to grow as artists“ without being able to draw live models, for example“ or gained some exposure but were soon forgotten.onties such

stories. you might know of artemisia gentileschi, from the 16oo's, recently given a major exhibition and coverage, including on our program. but what about, earlier still: caterina van hemessen or sofonisba anguissola. >>a fantastic artist working in the 1550s, she made this remarkable work, which is called self portrait with bernardino campi. it's her and her teacher. at first what might look like him dictating her appearance, we realize that it's her painting this picture. and actually what she's doing is she's painting her teacher painting her. >>some works by judith leyster, hessel notes, were attributed to her contemporary frans hals“ they'd fetch higher prices. >>similarly, the museum that we're sitting in right now, they bought a work by marie denise villerer in 1917 for $200,000 under the impression that it was by jacque-louis david.

>>are women not in these classic texts because the historians did not know of them or because they knew of them but they just did not value them enough? hessel: i mean, this is the ultimate question that i wanted to ask, you know, my predecessors from 100 years ago: what happened to these women artists? it's almost as though they were consciously written out of art history. i don't really know, was it ignorance or was it purposeful? >>inevitably, the bulk of hessel's history offers art from the 1800's and after. different periods, countries of origin, artistic styles and kinds of art. including quilting, often dismissed as craft. >>because i don't agree that we should dismiss certain art forms and we should create a hierarchy. you know, that's what the academies in the 18th century really did. they said, you, painting and sculpture is at the top. and embroidery and craft like decorative arts is at the bottom. and what did women have access to? decorative arts and crafts.

>>now this is a room of images of women. some by women. hessel: exactly, including this fantastic work called young mother sewing by mary cassatt. >>hessel used this painting from 1900 to make a broader case that we might even re-think the meaning of modern art. >>it means the participation of women artists, because women artists are no longer completely under the guard of or dependent on men, and they can decide what they want to make. >>you'e making this a definition of modernity? that women are now not only in the picture, but making the picture. hessel: exactly. it' an element of modernity, i think. which is just, it' radical because we'e seeing that perspective for the very first time. >>hessel's rewriting can, as she puts it, brings us up through the 20th century to now, with lesser and better known names. she is careful to credit decades of scholarship. and she also cites the important activism of women such as the guerrilla girls whose famous 1989 poster asked do women have to be naked

to metropolitan museum? but more work by women is on the walls here. and one of the mets current special exhibitions is by the contemporary british painter cecily brown, who appears in one of hessel' final sections. >>the contemporary art world, the galleries, museum shows, is filled with extraordinary women artists, right? >>it is. but jeffrey, if i say a woman artists price goes on average for just 10% of a male artist. we are still at such a hindrance as well. and its, yes, so much is happening right now. the fact that the gender pay gap is hopefully improving. and that comes from every single angle of society. and thats what i really want to achieve ultimately, is this sense of equality. so is progress happening? i like to think so. but we are just about getting there. >>a continuing story then: the story of art, with and without men. for the pbs newshour, jeffrey brown at the metropolitan museum of art in new york.

>> and that is the newshour for tonight. be sure to join us tomorrow for a story of incredible forgiveness--a woman who was shot and paralyzed reunites with the man who pulled the trigger. on behalf of the entire newshour team, thank you for joining us.s newshour has been provided by -- >> consumer so euros goal has been to provide wireless service that helps people communicate and connect. we offer a variety of plans and our u.s.-based customer service team can find one that helps you. visit consumer cellular.tv. >> and the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and friends of the newshour including jim and nancy and kathy and paul anderson. >> q nod as a proud supporter of

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