♪ william: good evening. i'm william brangham. amna: and i'm amna nawaz in uvalde, texas. on the "newshour" tonight, a community reflects on the first anniversary of the elementary school shooting that left 19 children and two teachers dead. what's changed and what hasn't since that fateful day. william: the economic risks from a potential government default rise as congress and the white house struggle to reach an agreement to raise the debt ceiling. amna: and a philadelphia organization works to mentor black teachers to counteract dropout rates among black students. >> 39% less likely to drop out of high school and up to 29% more likely to go to college if they have a single black teacher. why isn't this the intervention

that we're leading with? ♪ >> major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by -- with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and friends of the newshour, including kathy and paul anderson, and camilla and george smith. >> cunard is a proud supporter of public television. on a voyage with cunard, the world awaits. a world of flavor. diverse destinations. and immersive experiences. a world of entertainment. and british style. all with cunard's white star service.

>> for 25 years, consumer cellular's goal has been to provide wireless service that helps people communicate and connect. we offer a variety of no contract plans and our u.s.-based customer service team can help find one that fits you. to learn more, visit consumercellular.tv. >> the jenison as in james l knight foundation, fostering informed and engaged communities. more at kaf.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ >> this program was made

possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. william: welcome to the "newshour." this week marks one year since the mass shooting at robb elementary school where a gunman killed 19 children and two teachers. amna: here in uvalde, this community is still trying to make sense of what happened on that day. family members who lost loved ones are asking for accountability and action from their elected officials. most folks say they don't have answers to their questions. william: you were there a year ago reporting on this massacre. what is it like now a year later as they are approaching this anniversary? amna: we remember a year ago this was a community united. united certainly in their grief, mourning the loss of those 19 children and two adults. united in their shock that this

could happen here. and also in their anger. not only at the teenage gunman who carried out the rampag, but at the police response, which you will remember fueled national outrage when they learned about those excruciating 77 minutes when heavily armed police officers failed to go into the classroom, even as children were calling 911, and some lay dying. today has robb elementary, the school itself, has been shut down and shuttered, there are signs of that grief everywhere you look. memorials like the one behind me here which still stands today, people who walk around with uvalde strong tattoos, but also murals. huge building side murals dedicated to the 21 people killed in the attack. we spoke to a muralist who is one of the artists behind some of those murals and asked him about marking this day one year later. >> if there's any art in the world that i wish didn't exist would be these murals. because that means that children would be alive, the teachers will be alive.

uvalde would be the normal town it was before. but now they have to exist because it's a way to remember their names and remember their faces, but also to bring about hopefully, maybe change. amna: we also spoke to tammy sinclair, an argus at uvalde's library where they have been receiving and are keeping some 10,000 different pieces of memorabilia, gifts, and letters that poured into this community over the last year. she read us a portion of one of those letters they received from north carolina. take a listen. >> know you are loved and supported during this challenging time and know you are loved. rest in peace. dream your sweet dreams until your soul is released. amna: it is fair to say one year later, this is a community that has been forever changed by the events. william: as you mentioned earlier, there have been attempts at accountability. where do those efforts stand? amna: you have heard this from a

number of families who remain frustrated i what they say -- by what they say is a lack of transparency and information from elected officials, and police officials in particular. they say they did -- they hear about opponents through social media. there are investigations. the volte district attorney has launched a probe into the police response. the department of justice has launched its own inquiry. there was a senior deptment of justice official who was here last month to meet with families. no criminal charges have been filed. families say they want more accountability. there is a divide. there are members of the community who believe it is time to move on one year later. similarly, there is a divide over how to handle gun violence. this is an area where gun rights are highly valued. it is a bit hunting community. while the families of those who lost loved ones have been pushing to raise the purchase age limit from 18 to 21 for those assault style weapons like

the ones used in the attack, that effort failed in the state legislature. quite frankly, many people here don't support that kind of effort. you have to remember, a few months after the river -- the shooting, the majority of revenue -- of residents voted to put governor greg abbott, texas governor, back into office for a third term. he is -- he has long opposed gun violence reform. william: tomorrow, as you well know, is the actual anniversary. what is your understanding of how the city is going to commemorate that date? amna: schools here have been closed all week. we must remember for the many who lost someone that day, there are many more who survived. children who were in the school and had to flee. parents who were similarly traumatized by the events of that day. many families we spoke to said they would leave town because they did not want to be here for this anniversary. i know there is a big vigil tomorrow evening. even that has been largely pushed and organized by the

families who lost someone that day. this is another divide we are seeing among those who feel they should move on and those who don't want to forget. local officials issued a statement in advance of the anniversary, asking people not to come to you volte, saying we ask you to respect the community and stay away. the families of those who lost loved ones issued their own statement, welcoming people to join them here, saying we do not want the world to forget. william: thank you for being there. i know we will hear more from you tomorrow. ♪ william: in the day's other headlines, illinois' attorney general reported that the sexual abuse of children by roman catholic clergy in the state was far more extensive than previously known. the investigation found 451 clerics sexually abused nearly 2,000 children between 1950 and 2019.

that's four times more clergy members than the church had previously disclosed, although many of these cases are now too old to prosecute. >> these perpetrators may never be held accountable in a court of law, but by naming them here, the intention is to provide a public accountability and a measure of healing to survivors who have long suffered in silence. william: the report also charged that catholic dioceses failed to confront accused clergy and failed to warn parishioners. a judge in new york today set former president trump's criminal trial for next march 25th, in the thick of the presidential primary season. mr. trump is running again, and he threw up his hands in frustration as he heard the news. he appeared by video link to go over an order that bars him from using evidence in the hush-money case to attack witnesses. if he violates that order, he could be held in contempt of

court. a russian court has ordered wall street journal reporter evan gerskovich to be held for another three months. he was arrested in march and accused of espionage. the journal and the biden administration have denied that claim. gerskovich appeared at an april hearing, but today's session was not announced, and the u.s. state department said it's being denied regular contact with him. >> we once again call on russia to comply with their obligation to provide consular access to him. the claims against evan are baseless and we continue to call for his immediate release as well as for the immediate release of paul whelan. william: whelan is a retired u.s. marine who's serving a 16-year sentence for espionage in russia. the u.s. denies that charge as well. meanwhile, russia's military claimed it defeated a cross-border raid from ukraine, killing more than 70 attackers. moscow said ukrainian soldiers carried out the raid in the belgorod region. kyiv said they were russian dissidents.

today, an anti-kremlin group released video of fighters driving in what purported to be russian territory. they said "one day, we will return to stay." the people of guam battened down today for what could be the most powerful storm to hit the u.s. territory in decades. forecasters said super typhoon mawar intensified as it headed for a possible direct hit from the southeast. palm trees swayed in the rising winds, hours before the storm's expected landfall. in a recorded message, the governor warned that only buildings made of concrete will be safe. >> mawar is bordering a category four typhoon with winds up to 150 miles per hour. please take action now, and evacuate in anticipation of strengthening winds and the likelihood of flooding. we must act now to ensure the protection of our people and your safety. william: here in washington, president biden approved an emergency declaration to

mobilize federal aid and recovery operations once the storm passes. u.s. park police have arrested a man who crashed his rental truck near the white house last night. officials say it may have been intentional. the 19-year-old from missouri faces multiple charges, including threatening the president. amateur video showed the truck driving into a barrier at lafayette square in front of the white house. investigators said they found a nazi flag inside the vehicle. and on wall street, stocks gave ground as the debt ceiling talks in washington showed no clear progress. the dow jones industrial average lost 231 points to close at 33,055. the nasdaq fell 160 points, 1.25%. the s&p 500 was also down more than 1%. still to come on the "newshour", an on-the-ground look at the human toll from the battle for bakhmut in eastern ukraine. the los angeles dodgers

re-invite a satirical lgbtq group to pride night after widepsread backlash. a tenuous ceasefire in sudan offers some needed relief. and a boundary-pushing artist discusses her new installation. >> this is the pbs newshour from weta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. william: if you stacked up the full debt of the united states in hundred dollar bills, you could make not one, not two, but 13 piles of cash as tall as the washington monument. lisa desjardins takes a step back from the debt ceiling negotiations on capitol hill to account for what the nation owes. lisa: ok. the national debt. all of the money the u.s. government owes is currently $31.4 trillion. but what does that mean?

for one, that's decades worth of government spending. things like medicaid and other health care. the u.s. military, food stamps, and other benefits, fixing roads, head start and schools, the environment, national parks. and a thousand other areas. it's simple. for years, what the u.s. government spent on those things was far more than it brought in, that stacked up to that $31.4 trillion in debt that we have now. that's an enormous, almost nonsensical number. let's put it a different way. if all americans pitched in, it would take 94 thousand dollars from each one of us, every man, woman, and child, to pay off the national debt. the u.s. national debt, in dollars, is by far the largest in the world. but we also have the largest economy in the world. and that is how most experts approach this. >> think of it this way. the national debt is a burden, a heavy burden.

like a barbell at a gym. but what matters is not just the size of the debt. but the size of the economy, or person, trying to handle that debt. how big is our debt compared to the economy trying to hold it up? lisa: back in the year 2000, it was a relatively easy the debt equaled 36% of the combined earnings, goods, and everything the u.s. economy produced that year. but it shot up, and now the u.s. is shouldering a national debt that is 98% of what we will produce this year. and much worse, if nothing changes, in 30 years, the debt is forecasted to soar. today nearly twice as large as everything the economy produces. a potentially overwhelming weight for the economy. >> as the debt keeps creeping up, we just are placing a greater and greater burden on the next generation. lisa: michael peterson is ceo of the peterson foundation, a

non-profit group focused on the u.s. budget long-term. and he is particularly worried about the cost of the debt. >> the interest cost is really what is the cost of the debt. if you think over a long period of time, by about 2050, approximately 50% of federal revenues will go towards interest only. lisa: that means on our current path, in 2053 when little kids today are in their 30's, the interest on the debt will be the largest expense the u.s. government has. and, 50%, half of the taxes these guys pay, will go to those interest costs. that will constrict funding for everything. including what we mentioned earlier, health care, the military, food stamps, education and the environment. even social security benefits would be significantly cut. there is still time to change course and multiple ways to address the debt. but the longer lawmakers wait to tackle it, the deeper and more painful pete ricketts and the

future burden will be. for the pbs newshour, i am lisa desjardins. william: in just the time it took lisa to tell that story, the u.s. slipped nearly $10 million deeper into debt. and each passing second brings the country closer to a first-ever default. lisa has spent the day chasing down lawmakers and now joins us to bring us up to speed. terrific report on the debt there. back to these talks on capitol hill. we are right at the precipice here. what is the current status of negotiations? lisa: i was on the hill with our producer. this is where we are. talks are at a standstill. speaker mccarthy today said talks had broken down. there are -- there is some agreement over many areas, but they are not making any dissents over two big areas, work requirements which republicans want to add more of for some benefits, and the other one, you see the white house lawmakers coming in for the morning meeting. republicans also say they are --

there is speaker mccarthy, simply too far apart when it comes to spending and funding. one dynamic we have seen today is speaker mccarthy coming and talking to reporters. republicans feel like they are winning the public argument. we are seeing democrats starting to speak to us more. i think now come the houses expected to recess on thursday with no deal. and i think this weekend, we could be talking about this still. william: you, in addition to your other reporting, have reporting about what the treasury department might be doing in case we get to this dreaded moment. what is that? lisa: sources have confirmed the u.s. treasury has sent out notices to government agencies asking them to hold off on any payments that don't have specific due dates. something that maybe pro forma or happenstance, they were sending out these statements but they can wait. they have a deadline they don't have to meet.

they are saying hold back the u.s. treasury trying to hold onto some kind of cushion of cash, because it is getting concerning that we are getting close to the deadline, and it may come down to a few hundred million dollars. usually not a lot from the u.s. treasury but could make a difference in these negotiations. william: lisa desjardins, thank you so much. lisa: you're welcome. william: the impact of the u.s. defaulting on its debt, or not paying its bills, would be felt immediately by many americans. we don't know precisely where the axe would fall, but it could include suspension of social security checks or a loss of food stamp benefits, to name just a few. beyond that, many economists argue it could also be devastating to financial markets, potentially tipping the country into a recession and creating economic turmoil, globally. mark zandi is the chief economist at moody's analytics. he has been keeping a close eye on these concerns. he testified before congress about them and he joins us now. thank you so much for being here. what is your sense of confidence about whether or not a deal is

going to be reached? mark: logic dictates that they will reach an agreement. a lot of drama, but when it gets down to the last minute, i expect them to come through and pass legislation increasing the limit. . having said that, i have seen many debt limit battles over the years. this one feels potentially different. the politics are different. it is not a nonzero probability that lawmakers make a mistake here and breach the debt limit. we cannot that out. william: speaker mccarthy says looking at the calendar, they have to strike a deal in the next couple of days in order to make the trains run on time. the markets have shown some concern over this, but not that much. do you think there is enough fire being applied to the feet of the people on capitol hill? mark: not enough. it is perplexing. i have not heard the pounding on the doors that i typically have in past debt limit dramas, from

business people, from donors, voters. from the markets. take a look at the stock market. it has hung in there very well. no sign of any angst among stock investors. which makes me a bit nervous. because i do think it takes that pounding on the door to light the fire, to generate the political will, to get lawmakers to make this tough vote. the fact that we are not seeing that makes me nervous. i suspect as we get closer and closer to that date when the treasury cannot make all the payments, then markets will react and we will get that pressure. so far, people are not as anxious as i thought they would be at this point. william: let's say they don't meet that deal. what happens in the days and weeks immediately afterwards? mark: it's a must. progressively worse mess as the hours and days go by. it is important to recognize, i don't think the treasury would default on the debt.

they have the ability to pay bondholders to separate accounting system payment systems, and they can get that done. they know if they don't pay on the debt, that would be words like catastrophic which would be appropriate, complete utter fiasco. they would stop making payments on all other bills, and everyone would get their money from the government later and later, depending on how long this went. investors would be anxious as well. even though they are getting paid, they will say, hey, they are willing to breach this go around, what about next time and the time after that? the taxpayer have to pay me more and higher interest to compensate for that risk. the damage would start to accumulate quickly, within a few days, it would be so significant, given how weak the economy already is, we would be in recession. william: do you think your firm and others, as this has happened in the past, downgrade the u.s'' credit rating? my question is really the

long-term reputational harm that this seems like it would do to the united states standing. mark: every rating agency is different in terms of their methodology and approach. if you read what they are writing publicly, i think it would take a default on the debt to get it downgraded initially. if the breach extended on for more than a week or two, given the turmoil, they would be under pressure to downgraded. you make a great point. downgrade or no downgrade, the fact that we, the united states of america, can't pay our bills on time, and we have done that since the founding of our nation, the fact that we can't get that done will have a big impact on people's trust and faith in us. i can't understate more how important that is. that is critical to keeping interest rates down, allowing us to invest and be the global engine of economic growth. not only economically, but geopolitically.

we would significantly diminish that by going down that dark path if we did bach. william: you warned about all of this and the coming storm as early as january of this year. when you see how close we are to the precipice, does it surprise you how far we have gotten to the edge? mark: no. i have done this for a long time. i have seen this go to the edge every single time. it is the politics of it. there is an aspect of it that is very performative, theater. there are folks on either side of the aisle, way on the others of the aisle, that need to be accommodated so you can get enough votes tget a piece of legislation in. the does require the drama. . i'm not apprised. but each time we come down to the wire, i get increasingly more nervous and my level of angst is starting to grow. i suspect we will come back the next few days after memorial day and lawmakers will strike a

deal. gee, it feels very uncomfortable and goes to a broader point. this is no way to run a railroad. this is highly counterproductive. we need to figure out a way to get rid of it. william: mark zandi of moody's analytics, thank you for being here. mark: sure thing. thank you. ♪ william: russia claims it has won the metal for buck moot bakhmut bakhmut --, -- won the battle for bakhmut, but the fighting continues as it has for more than nine months. both sides have taken massive casualities to control the symbolic, but strategically marginal city in the east of ukraine. john ray of independent television news has this rare look from inside one of ukraine's military field hospitals, as medics there try to save lives shattered by this war. a note of caution. images and accounts in this story could disturb some viewers. john: it's location is secret. even this medical post is under fire.

a fragile haven of humanity amid carnage. we watch as doctors fight to save its soldiers. have his face has been ripped away by shrapnel. >> all you have to do is breathe, says a doctor. he tells him, if you panic, you are dead. there are more casualties than ever. sometimes, too many to treat at once. >> you know, i'm a doctor. i'm not god. john: this is one of ukraine's top trauma specialists who leads a team of frontline medics. >> sometimes, i have operated on a soldier who should really have no chance to live. but somehow, they survive. that inspires me. john: the soldiers name is

anatoly. he is 31 years old, and for a while, his fate seems to hang in the balance. as shells begin to land, so too does the safety of the medical unit. ukraine's artillery close by fires back. members of the team were injured when a russian rocket landed outside the door. demetri says his -- he is in constant danger. >> back-and-forth, you? you fire, russians fire. john: ukraine does not reveal the number of its soldiers killed and injured. but the discarded, bloodied uniforms reflect the intensity of fighting in bakhmut. this commander tells me that in the city, his unit has been bombarded for three hours nonstop. one of his men lies on the treatment table.

a shell exploded beneath him. he cannot move his legs. and you witnessed scenes like this. it is impossible not to think about the bloodshed the sacrifice, the loss of life. but for these medics, i suppose the operating table itself is a kind of battlefield with its own defeats. and victories. william: the paramedics here risk their own lives, ranging across the battlefield to save others. why do you do this? >> because it's my country. that's all. it's my country. i like this country, my country, i would like to stay on the map of the world. john: as for anatoly, his condition is stable. you will be ok? >> yeah. john: he is taken to a hospital, say from the front line, alive.

but he will bear the scars of that -- of bakhmut forever. ♪ william: the latest company to get caught up in the battle over lgbtq issues is the los angeles dodgers. one of baseball's most storied franchises, the dodgers originally planned to include one particular queer and trans group as part of its pride event, which is coming up in a few weeks. but then, under pressure from critics, the dodgers retracted their invitation. now, as stephanie sy reports, the team has reversed course again, apologized, and welcomed the group back. stephanie: the sisters of perpetual indulgence are a charity and drag group calling attention to lgbtq+ issues. not only were they invited to the dodgers pride night, the franchise originally planned to honor the group with its community heroes award next month. but conservative catholics have called the sisters of perpetual

indulgence a hate group. and a local diocese called the group's behavior demeaning and disrespectful to the sisters of the catholic church. the dodgers reacted by rescinding the groups invite. a member defended the charity. >> i have always said that we are anti-catholic and we are making fun of catholicism. which is not true. we are here to be silly and to look flamboyant, in service to people in our community who have no resources, no money, no voice. stephanie: with the organizers of the los angeles pride parade threatening to pull out of pride night, the dodgers have now done another 180. yesterday, the team apologized and re-invited the sisters of perpetual indulgence. it's the latest example of a corporation facing fallout for trying to be lgbtq+ inclusive. last month right-wing boycotts of bud light like these flooded social media after trans actress

and influencer dylan mulvaney posted this on her instagram. >> this month, i celebrated my day 365 of womanhood bud light sent me possibly the best gift ever, it can with my face on it. stephanie: in the fallout, the brand took a hit in sales and two top marketing executives took a leave of absence. anheuser-busch said it would re-focus marketing on sports and music. for another perspective, i'm joined by lz granderson, columnist for the la times. it is good to see you. it should say, you are also a veteran sports journalist and you have reported for years on professional sports' move toward more inclusivity of gay athletes. did the dodgers strike out on this one? at least initially? lz: using their own words, yes. i had an interview with the president of the dodgers and he said they made a mistake, and he explained why. they are an organization that have done the celebrations for 10 years without any hitch. this year, they had a pitch and they didn't know what to do and

they panicked. they had meetings with the community, the lgbtq+ community, and they decided to re-invite them. returning back to their overall theme which is the organization supports the community. stephanie: what was the original sin, so to speak, by the daughters, in your view? was it rescinding the invitation? ? at what point did they go wrong? lz: i think they went wrong assuming they could out write the -- they could operate the same they have for the last 10 years. that is not just a commentary for the dodgers, but it is corporate america. as i said earlier, the dodgers have been doing this for 10 years. 10 years ago, we had a different president, a different supreme court, a different sense in the culture. things have changed over the past decade. it is difficult to wade into waters dealing with groups, whether it is with conversations of diversity and equity and inclusion, whether it is about trans rights, anything that is

seen as progressive can be used against your corporations. it is behooved upon a lot of corporations to look and see what happened to disney, with bud light, with the dodgers. and be prepared of statements and philosophy. when criticism comes, you are not scrambling like those organizations i mentioned. stephanie: in the context of legislation being passed by conservative states to target trans people, do you think the dodgers decision to now include the sisters of indulgence charity is more poignant? lz: i think it is just more consistent to what they have always tried to be, particularly during pride celebrations. which is to celebrate all aspects of the community. i think it is a little -- i think it puts too much credit, to be honest with you, to the conservative movement. because it is not really a well thought out plan. it is really just another example of throwing anything against the wall and seeing what sticks.

for this particular news cycle, this political cycle, it is attacking the queer community. we have seen other examples of them trying to find a cultural touchstone that can drive voters. this is not unique. it is not about the doctors trying to make a statement with the sisters. they have always been supportive of the drag community. this is just about a lightning in the bottle moment in terms of where we are politically, and that the dodgers are doing what they have always done, which is try to be an organization for everyone, including the queer community. stephanie: political lightning rod that are trans issues, like this, there are people who are offended by this group and what they view as mocking of catholicism. and it's figures, including christ and virgin mary. you heard that criticism coming from outside politicians and groups, but did you also hear that from dodgers fans? lz: we have heard a lot from dodgers fans.

if you go online, anyone can simply take a look through the commentary that is happening on social media. there are a lot of people who are upset about the sisters inclusion, who were happy that the dodgers decided to do is invite them. that is going to be a reality for anyone who decides to do anything that is remotely tied to the culture. because we are in a very divisive moment right now in this country. anything, whether you talk about black history month, where you celebrate aapi month, you will find a group that will find some level of offense. i am just going to say that when it comes specifically to religious ideology and imagery, you can go back to rosemary's baby in the 1970's. i believe the catholic church was upset about that. you can go back to madonna and papa don't preach, they were upset about that. there are examples in which people have used religion imagery to try to have a cultural moment, a satirical

moment, and people of that faith have been offended by it. this is not unique to the sisters or the dodgers. this is something we have witnessed in this culture for many decades. stephanie: certainly a conversation that continues in many quarters. colonists for the los angeles times, thank you for joining us. lz: thank you very much for having me. ♪ william: in our series on higher education, we have looked at why it is crucial to buildout and diversify the teaching pipeline. tonight, we focus on why developing and recruiting more black teachers is especially important for black students. to make sure they continue their education and finish their degrees. geoff bennett has the story for our series "rethinking college. ." >> ok, if you are in group six you are coming to me now. jeff pop -- geoff: time for

reading lessons in lead datt's 2nd grade class at mastery prep elementary in north philadelphia. >> remember, read to comprehend. >> it's a common scene in classrooms across america except for one key difference, the teacher. >> nationally there are less than 2% of all public school teachers are black men. geoff: sharif el-mekki is the ceo of the center for black educator development. he says teachers like lee datts are all too rare. >> even in places like philadelphia that is extremely diverse and about half of the student population are black. it hovers between 4% or 5% every year. geoff: and yet, studies show for young black students, having a teacher who looks like them has huge long-term benefits. >> students in kindergarten and first grade, if they experience at least one black teacher, they are less likely to drop out of high school and more likely to enroll in college. geoff: constance lindsay is an assistant professor at the unc school of education whose research focuses on educational equity. what in your research has surprised you the most? >> i think the outsize impact on

black boys. across several of our studies, we find that many times the results are driven by persistently low income young black boys. so it's really important for them. geoff: so the stakes are highest in these classrooms where most students are black, and also come from economically disadvantaged families. especially for the boys. >> 39% less likely to drop out of high school and up to 29% more likely to go to college if they have a single black teacher. why isn't this the intervention that we're leading with? what are you doing this summer? geoff: sharif el-mekki, a former principal and teacher himself, is on a mission. >> you can go to weneedblackteachers.com and just see, we would love to have you. it's a paid apprenticeship, it's a job. geoff: el-mekki's center for black educator development is building a black teacher pipeline. one component, paid apprenticeships at freedom schools literacy academy, where high school and college students get hands-on teaching experience.

d>>'o'got t starbucks. come work here if you are interested in becoming a teacher. this summer, we'll have almost 200 black and brown teacher apprentices working and leading hundreds of first, second and third graders. >> at first, i really didn't like kids. geoff: teaching was not an obvious career path for high school junior joshua mcqueen. >> i used to be scared of th actually. it was like because they made me so nervous because they have so much energy and stuff like that . geoff: but when mcqueen apprenticed last summer, he says one student gave him a new perspective. >> say if we went out to recess, i'd be playing tag with them and basketball with all of them, he would be the one that was like constantly playing just because i was playing. it made me like realize the impact that i can have on a kids life. >> how can you even picture yourself in the shoes of excellence when you don't see yourself? geoff: mcqueen is now taking a course his high school offers on the history and culture of black teachers. >> often when teachers are being prepared to teach, everything is

centered in a white historical lens. 80% of our public school teachers are white. and then they're sent into predominantly black and brown classrooms. two claps on 3, 1, 2, 3. geoff: imere williams is an education major at west chester university. >> i've always wanted to be a teacher since i was five years old. i've love school my entire life. i look at it as a calling. i want your sentences to convey what that word means. so saying -- geoff: twice a week williams student teaches 5th graders at james rhoads school in the west philadelphia neighborhood where he grew up. >> i think that a lot of times people have misconceptions of west philadelphia students that they won't amount to much, they can't learn. i grew up in this neighborhood and i'm in college. i wanted to sort of just come back and prove that like students that come from urban schools can go on and do amazing, great things. who was described as obedient in the book? geoff: williams receives scholarship money through the black teacher pipeline to support his education.

once he gets to five years of teaching, he will get a retention bonus. what kind of impact do you think you have on your students? >> i think they see me and look like -- and look at someone like them in a professional position, they see that like, i can do that one day. actually, one of my students, said like, i want to be like you, mr. williams one day. and that sort of just like, first of all, melted my heart, but also sort of gave like even more fire to do this work, especially in a crash -- a profession where so many doubts come with it. not a lot of pay, a lot of stress, a lot of duties, but things like that, sort of like real you backend. geoff: constance lindsay says educators like williams are influential role models. >> seeing a college educated black person might sort of put a spark in you to attend college later on. geoff: lindsay cites another reason black instructors can be so impactful. >> my colleagues actually have a study where they show that black teachers on average expect black students to go farther. geoff: that's the case with second grade teacher trent petty. >> i always tell my kids, you know, you can be the one taking care of me in 10 years. you can be my doctor, my lawyer, my mayor or my president

>> the expectations are high because i believe in you. geoff: lee datts acknowledges his students tell him he is a lot because he expects so much from them. >> i always tell them, i'm looking for you to be an ivy league student. because it's easy to just give up on a child. it really is. it is a natural thing to have a day where they're off task and they're doing this, they're doing that, and they're black and brown. or you can believe in them and believe in their dream and hope and desire and hold on to that. geoff: datts feels an obligation to teach his students about their shared history and culture. >> in our classroom, anybody who we learn about that's african american, i really try to make it vocal to understand the importance of what they had to go through. like understanding your background, understanding your history. geoff: i imagine all teachers feel a sense of responsibility. i would also imagine that you feel that even more, given that you are a black man in a school, predominantly black school. >> my natural responsibility is just to show what a black and

brown teacher looks like. like if you never have another one, you know, you had one. geoff: in the long-run that could make all the difference. ♪ william: after weeks of brutal fighting, a ceasefire is supposed to have started last night in sudan. it was brokered by the u.s. and saudi arabia and signed by leaders of the two army factions who have been at war with each other for control of the third-largest country in africa. the ongoing conflict has killed hundreds, injured more than 5,000, and sent nearly a million people fleeing to neighboring countries. millions more have been trapped in their homes, unable to access basic services or health care. to better understand what is happening now, we turn to halood care. she's a sudanese policy and political analyst, and founding director of the confluence advisory, a think tank based in sudan.

thank you so much for being here. could you give us a status report? this is the seventh cease-fire that has been agreed to. is this current one holding, as far as you can tell? >> we are getting mixed reports. overall, it seems like there is more calm than there has been in the other cease-fires. we are hearing reports of intense fighting in some areas. it looks like as if the fighting has been scaled down, which is no mean feat and is something to be thankful for. the same time, we have not seen a total cease-fire. the other six cease-fires preceding this one have not held. there was no or else, this part of the agreement. it was pretty please, would you stop fighting. what we are seeing this time around is the u.s., who helped broker the cease-fire, is saying that it is prepared to use, for example, sanctions to force a

cease-fire. we don't have an idea of what that will look like. william: you were in khartoum when the fighting broke out. you have been able to get out. what is sudan's life been like in these weeks of this conflict? kholood: what this war has done in a matter of weeks is completely annihilate sudanese political, social, and economic life. people have not been earning a wage for april and may, likely. there is not enough money to go around where there is. people cannot afford to buy what is in the shops. sudan has not been able to get goods into the city, including agricultural products. we are looking at the city, particularly khartoum, being on the brink of starvation. william: when you are describing is an obvious humanitarian disaster. we know -- i believe it is 25 million people need humanitarian aid. the u.n. has asked for several billion dollars.

we are also seeing reports of different factions are attacking eight groups. and destroying, hijacking their groups, medical supplies. given the need in the country, can you help us understand why these warning factor -- factions would be attacking the very people there to help? kholood: they would like an advantage. any advantage now in terms of supply, particularly medical equipment, would be vital. and he would rather compile all of the aid coming in, particularly health aide. and food aid for their own troops. we understood that this was going to be the case. despite the humanitarian situation, both sides would politicize the eight. william: i understand there have been accusations of war crimes on both sides. can you tell us the kinds of crimes we have seen allegations of? kholood: both sides have been committing crimes. it looks different depending on which faction we are talking about. for the paramilitary support

forces, they have been limiting people's homes, there have been allegations and evidence of sexual assault. there have been abductions for the sudan armed forces, which is the official army. there have been accusations and evidence of aerial bombardments of hospitals, schools, and other public buildings that are protected by international humanitarian law. the sudan armed forces say they are bombing these buildings because they have been taking over paramilitary forces, because of the way this has effectively been a race to the bottom, we are likely to see the rates of atrocities go through the roof. already we are seeing in parts of dart for, which has been through 20 years of conflict. we are seeing atrocities ratcheting up, particularly in the western part. william: on this issue of accountability, you touched on this before. given there is no seeming

mechanism to hold either of these sides accountable, for their crimes, for all of these things you were describing, is there any sense that this conflict can truly be brought to an end anytime soon? kholood: leverage lies elsewhere, with their partners in the region, supporters in the region. is the united states willing to, and others, are they willing to sacrifice some political cachet, and force their regional allies, egypt and saudi arabia and others, for the sake of sudan's continued peace and stability? that is for question. if the answer is yes, we may see traction. until then, this looks like it will be a retracted conflict. william: kholood khair, thank you so much for being here. kholood: thank ♪ you, william. ♪

william: photos, videos, objects, sounds, and light. the marriott stuff both real and virtual in our daily lives. it's all the material for sarah zee, an artist who takes this information overload and gives it a new shape and order. jeffrey brown takes a look for our arts and culture series, canvas. >> at new york's guggenheim museum right now, you can walk around and into an artwork by sarah zee and be taken by more than a few surprises. >> that wasn't on purpose. but i didn't peel it off. >> studio pliers. i could go on and on. anything goes? >> anything goes, but everything is necessary. >> her works are installations for sculptures. more colorfully, some have seen

an exploded hardware store. or the contents of an iphone spilled out into space, all the millions of images in our lives turned into objects, pieces of constructions that may hold together but may break apart. >> i like dismantling the artwork and having it seep into the architecture, the audience, seep into each other. so these boundaries, these frames, they get blurred, because i think that's the way we are experiencing life. we can walk down the street and watch a movie, we are looking up at the sky, then looking down, and we are seeing a person. so that intersection of the way we experience time, the way we experience space is changing. and i'm interested in how we mark what is important, what is meaningful, with this new language. jeffrey: the exhibition is titled "time-lapse," and in some works, like one called timekeeper, the references to marking time are overt. a metronome, clocks in different

cities, set amid a kind of giant science experiment of objects, small projectors, videos, sounds, lights. a different way to experience time, in "times zero." a large abstract painting and a strange mirror version of it cut into pieces and reassembled beneath the original. everywhere you turn, images of images that might be on our screens, on our walks, or in our heads. >> the number of images that are around us becomes, the volume on that is so high, that the images that are in our head, which happened while we are dreaming, imagining, hoping. when i look at you i can picture seeing you on television. that's in my head. on seeing these images at the same time. interior images are being merged all the time with exterior images. so that's something i'm interested in people thinking about. jeffrey: sze, 54, grew up in boston, her chinese-born father, an architect. her mother a schoolteacher.

she has received a macarthur fellowship, represented the u.s. at the 2013 venice biennale, completed major commissions in public spaces such as new yorks laguardia airport and high line park. and is exhibited in museums around the world. at the guggenheim, she has created site-specific works that play often with frank lloyd wright's landmark architectural spiral, the curved bays where art is exhibited. and the sloping ramps that can disorient viewers. >> you can see actually how off balance we are. usually things like this would be covered up in the museum. but i wanted you to really see, like, this is the first step to leveling so you can really understand that even your body is always at an angle at the space. and then when you move around -- jeffrey: so we see the construction. jeffrey: she has also aoculusa™ -- she has also offered new sightlines of the spectacular

oculus at the top of the dome. and hung a pendulum that descends to a small fountain in the atrium. and she has filled the space with everyday objects, including appliances, things that you are more likely to find at home depot or your own home than in a museum. >> i think of material as a palette, a palette of daily life. i'm interested in the line being blurred between what is outside the museum and in the museum. so you start to see the artistry in the world. jeffrey: why do you like that? why are you seeking that? >> think it is the way we experience life. it -- there is not a boundary. it is not framed. many things i'm interested in, having something very profound happened next is something very mundane. so you can look up and see, you know, a volcano go, and then you can look down and see a piece of paint on the floor. and that you should shift between those things. i think a lot of our moments of profundity or moments of joy, at

times we least expect. jeffrey: the other obvious question is how do you know when it's finished? how do you know when you are done? >> >> >> for me, when it's done is when it is right at the edge of feeling like it is coming together, but it could also fall apart. we are always in the moment, somewhere between where we have time which is finite for us. we know that. to highlight and make that moment present really powerful, as you stand in front of something is, for me, why i am so interested in seeing art. artwork is a time traveler. it's a capsule. it tells us what it means to be human, both in the past, in the present, and potentially what it might be like in the future. jeffrey: sarah sze "timelapse" exhibition is up through september 10th. for the pbs newshour, i am jeffrey brown at the guggenheim museum in new york. william: and that's the newshour for tonight. i am william brangham. amna: and i am amna nawaz in

uvalde, texas. join us tomorrow night when we will have more from the families of those killed in the elementary school shooting that forever changed this community. william: for all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you so much for joining us. >> major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by -- >> actually, you don't need vision to do most things in life. yes, i'm legally blind. and yes, i'm responsible for the user interface. data visualization. if i can see it and understand it quickly, anyone can. it is exciting to be part of a teen driving the technology forward. i think that is the most rewarding thing. people who know, know bdo. >> pediatric surgeon. volunteer. topiary artist. a raymondjames financial advisor tailors advice to help you live

your life. life well planned. ♪ >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security at carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.] ♪ >> you're watching pbs.

♪ >> hello and welcome to "amanpour and company." here is what is coming up. ukraine contest russian claims amid the davis dating toll on -- devastating toll on their soldiers. our report embedded with the troops. >> unfortunately there are some in the world and here among you who turn a blind eye. >> the ukrainian president speaks inconvenient truths to arab leaders after his subtle diplomacy to saudi arabia and the g7. we assess the moving pieces. >> people are valid as they are. >> inclusivity is