>> good evening. >> in brownsville, texas. on the newshour. migrants at the southern border find themselves stuck in limbo amid a shift of u.s. immigration policies. >> debt ceiling and negotiations see progress on spending cuts. a deal to avoid a national default remains elusive. >> three years after the murder of george floyd, minneapolis new police chief discusses the departments future and need for reform. >> it is very clearly a systems problem as opposed to trying to scapegoat one or two persons. ♪

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york, supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and advancement of international peace and security at carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> welcome to the newshour. republicans closer to an agreement on the debt ceiling. there's no deal as lawmakers get

ready to leave washington for the memorial day weekend. the latest on negotiations. first, changes in u.s. immigration policy. amen about is in brownsville, texas where she has been speaking to migrants trying to navigate the new rules for asylum-seekers. a lot of questions about what the end of title 42 means. what does it look like at the border? >> as you will remember, it has been two weeks since title 42 ended. the pandemic era policy allowing officials to expel anyone arriving at the u.s. southern border. before that ended, we had seen a huge increase in the number of people arriving at the u.s. southern border. talking to u.s. officials and immigration attorneys and nonprofits, they are preparing for even bigger numbers are much a bigger surge title 42 ended. the numbers went down, and the big question was why.

we found out why crossing into mexico, we spoke with people waiting on the mexican side of the border. there is a huge backup. people from venezuela, honduras, say they are going to wait because of the rule changes because of the changes implemented. they know the message officials had been trying to get across for months saying the border is not opened, that if you try entering without permission, you can be banned. you cannot enter without an appointment with the u.s. border official. they heard the message loud and clear and say they will wait. that is why numbers have gone down. >> what is the experience like for the migrants waiting? >> waiting for them is tenuous and ressful. it is often dangerous as well. we crossed into matamoros, as soon as we crossed the bridge,

we were greeted by a crowd of people who had been gathering at the foot of the bridge every single morning to get answers to those questions. there are immigration groups, refugee groups, and volunteer u.s. attorneys. immigration attorneys who cross the bridge every day to get the migrants answers to their questions. there's a lot of confusion about what the rules are in terms of who is allowed entry to the u.s. most acutely, questions around the cb p one app created by customs and border protection where migrants are asked to make an appointment to appear and make their case for asylum. the appointments are highly coveted, very limited, and supply does not meet demand. we spoke to one gentleman named carlos who took out his phone in frustration to show me how many times he's been logging onto the app to do things the legal way. he has yet to get an

appointment. he has been doing this every single day for the last three months. people say the longer migrants are forced to wait, the more vulnerable they become. there are rampant reports of extortion, kidnapping, and sexual assault area we spoke to one woman from venezuela here with her teenaged daughters. she will not take them to go sleep in the migrant camp because she was afraid they would be assaulted. every night they had been here sleeping out in the open at the bus station. she has no idea when they can make their case to u.s. officials. >> i know that you and the team visited one of the migrant encampments. what were conditions like? >> in a word, absolutely appalling. they are unsanitary, dangerous, and all of this is unfolding a few minutes away from the u.s. border. visited one of these camps with 2500 people or so.

it is not even the biggest camp sources told us. these are sprawling temporary tarp, tent, and blanket hut camps that have grown in size since title 42 ended. because people are deciding to stay here and wait. there are resources to support them. there's no sanitation, no running water. we saw the sources tell us there is rampant covid and tuberculosis and waterborne illnesses. dozens of families and children. this is no place for children waiting for their chance, 90 degree to take their case to u.s. officials. they don't know when that is going to be. there is not a crisis we expected at the u.s. border necessarily, but there is one unfolding a few hundred yards away. >> we look forward to more of

your reporting on the broadcast tomorrow. good to see you. with the u.s. potentially one week away from defaulting on its debts, member of congress are leaving town for the memorial day break without a deal. the white house and house republicans are continuing to negotiate. >> in the halls of power, hopes for a finish line. top leaders were careful. >> they are working on numbers, we are working on numbers. >> staff continues to meet. i made clear defaulting >> words of a possible debt ceiling deal was ringing. >> i think they are close. i think we all know there is going to have to be give and take.

and i think they are very close to it. >> key conservatives did not like talk of a longer debt ceiling increase without more concessions. >> my antenna is up. it does not seem to meet what our expectations are in terms of transformative substance fiscal reforms. >> on twitter, mike lee threatened to hold up any bill without substantial reform. potentially jeopardizing default. progressive like jamaal bowman insisted the debt ceiling should be raised with no concessions. >> very concerned. republicans mccarthy raised the debt limit under trump. now because a democrat is in the presidency, he has an issue, that is politics. that is not governance. >> dozens of democrats took to the house floor. >> extreme maga republicans have

needlessly manufactured an economic crisis. >> don't make americans pay for republican hypocrisy. >> very few people are in the behind closed doors talks. one of them, patrick mchenry of north carolina summing things up. >> nothing is resolved. everyone wants to think you can lock up and bank something. you cannot until a complete deal. >> joining us to the latest on the talks. i keep hearing progress from the white house. when are we going to hear the word agreement? >> there is no deal until all of this comes together. my reporting along with laura's reporting is talks have moved towards what democrats are asking for is a longer increase in the debt ceiling. republicans want more concessions for that. otherwise, they've gotten closer on spending cuts, very close on

permanent reform. very tangled up overwork requirements, food's net benefits, that is a real dividing line. also including money. that is what they are working on. also trying to figure out if they have enough votes on either side to get through what is shaping up to be a possible deal today, tomorrow are critical days. >> republicans have wanted concessions on spending cuts. what are they looking for? >> we looked at the debt itself, one side of the coin. the other concern is spending cuts. i want to take people through what republicans are asking for. this is the last three years. the last fiscal year is someone at the end. $1.6 trillion in discretionary funds. republicans want to cut that back to the level it was about 1.5 years ago in fiscal year 22. that would be $130 billion in

cuts. it looks like a tiny slice. that is $130 billion. democrats see it as a bigger deal. >> in most domestic spending, it is tied to the defense budget. i don't hear republicans or democrats talk about cutting the pentagon budget. >> this is a critical concept. who gets cut if you have spending cuts. look at a different way of understanding these numbers. the discretionary money, art is in defense than in nondefense. what republicans are saying is they would protect the defense money and money for veterans, hundreds of billions of dollars. the result to get the $130 billion cut would be to cut everything else by one third. it will have incredibly far-reaching repercussions across the board. the white house says that kind of cut if applied on average to

school funding would need 26 million students in schools across the country that are low income that would not have access to different grants and other help. they would also affect housing, vouchers for some 800,000 americans who use federal housing vouchers to help with rent. talk about programs for the elderly. meals on wheels is a federally held program. it would face cuts of 30%. the u.s. border patrol. they are not a defense agency. they could see a cut of 30% when people are reporting on the surge at the border. rail inspections are another example of something getting a lot of attention. concerned about how safe rails are. rail inspectors would also be a place with a 30% cut. in short, everything in government can see that kind of cut. republicans argue all of the

agencies are overfunded, they have been for years. democrats say we are talking about real lives, people, senior citizens. one note. that kind of spending cut would not affect social security or medicare, but it would affect government agencies, how you see the government, those kinds of things. > talk about the calendar. members leaving for the memorial day break gives them two days. how much time do they have? >> at this point you have to suspend logic. if we don't have a deal in the next two days, they will be forced to reckon with a short-term debt lift. they may have to do that anyway. that is why these next two days are critical. if they get a framework, they have enough time to write the bill, have enough time in the house, stay tuned. >> thank you so much.

in the days other headlines, the founder of the far right oath keers militia was sentenced to 18 years in prison for seditious conspiracy. the stiffest penalty in the january 6 investigation. in court, he was defiant as he referred to himself as a political prisoner. the judge sentenced another leader to 12 years in prison. the u.s. territory of guam spent the day starting to clean up from a category four typhoon. much of the pacific island was still without electricity and water service. trees and power lines mangled. northern and central parts of the island inundated with more than two feet of rain. no reported deaths or major injuries. >> i'm so glad we are safe. we have weathered the storm. the worst has gone by. but we are going to continue experiencing tropical storm

winds up to about 40, 50 miles per hour. i asked you to stay home for your protection and safety. >> the typhoon expected to reach the philippines and can threaten taiwan. the u.s. and south korean militaries began live fire exercises to simulate an all out attack from north korea. missiles pounded a mountainside new the border between the two koreas while tanks maneuvered and fired. they went ahead despite the threat to retaliate. new census data shows american people are getting older faster as baby boomers age and it falls. the share of the population grew by more than one third, the most in 100 30 years. at the same time, the percentage of children under the age of five declined. the nation's median age reached 39, up from 37 a day earlier. blue chips slipped, but tech

stocks rallied. the industrial average lost 35 points to close at 30,764. nasdaq rose 213 points. s&p 500 up nearly 1%. still to come, president biden nominates air force general cq brown to become chairman of the joint chiefs of staff florida governor ron desantis says presidential announcement highlights twitter's transformation under elon musk. the u.s. supreme court skills back the supreme water act. >> this is the pbs newshour from w eta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of arizona university. >> a decorated air force general can soon be the next highest-ranking military officer in the u.s. the president's to replace general mark milley as the

chairman of the joint chiefs of staff is strategic and symbolic. at the white house, president biden announced general q brown junior to lead the joint chiefs of staff. >> general brown become known for his signature approach, accelerate change or lose, accelerate change or lose. you are right on. >> if confirmed, brown would become the senior military advisor. lmet on. >> i put my hemask up. you don't know who i am. chris commissioned in 1984, brown piloted f-16 fighter jets. a persona played up in this air force recruiting act. >> i'm an american airmen. >> while general brown is a proud but kicking american airmen, he's also been an operational leader in the joint force.

>> he rose through the ranks to become instruct your commander of the u.s. air force weapons schools. served as commander of the pacific air forces and commander of air force assets in the middle east. three years ago, he was confirmed as the air force chief of staff. he's credited other blackman who paved the road before him, including the late colin powell, the first black joint chiefs of staff if confirmed, the top positions at the pentagon would both held by african-american leaders. a first. not by coincidence, president biden made the announcement on the three year anniversary of the announcement of the death of george floyd. causing so many blackman to reflect on their own experiences. at the time, general brown weighed in with a personal video. >> i'm thinking i felt the pressure before, they expected less for me as an african-american. thinking about wearing the same flight suit with the same wings

as my peers and being questioned by another military member are you a pilot. >> a rare moment of candor in a buttoned up military culture that has not been immune to the political divide. for more on the general cq brown nomination, turning to someone who knows him well. vincent brooks last assignment as commander of u.s. forces in north korea. he joins us. great to have you on the newshour. you have worked with general brown for years. what is he like as a person and commander? >> great to be with you. congratulations to general brown on his nomination and secretary defense of the president making a great choice. he's a great individual, professional, admired by his colleagues and followed very well by his subordinates. he's experienced in different

regions of the world, combat action, senior leadership in a lot of places. he's been in the joint force for a long time. he's qualified for this. a great guy. >> how does having been in command in the pacific and the middle east distinguish him from other top brass? >> not everyone gets that kind of experience. if you are fortunate, you might get a chance to command in one region of the world. he had the privilege of commanding and multiple regions in the world. stood face to face against north korea as a more junior commander has led at senior levels in the middle east against the islamic state standing up against iran and conducting operations in the middle east and afghanistan. the entire indo pacific region he gained experience relating to the air forces through those

regions. >> i imagine in those roles he would have played an important role communicating with our allies militaries. it seems particularly important as far as countering china's military. >> that is right. the u.s. is a global leader engaged and countries turn to the u.s. for examples of professionalism and skill in the military art. his engagements with other air forces and other senior defense leaders, not just air forces, will be important as chairman of the joint chiefs of staff. >> when it comes to internal problems in the u.s. military, and there are many, including reports of sexual assault. in the air force in particular, reporting of sexual assault rose significantly when he was air force chief. is he doing enough to address

the persistent problem? >> it is a persistent problem that requires constant attention to it and work to drive it. teammates do not do that to one another. i know he takes it very seriously and will continue to do so. not one person can change it. they can create the tone from the top. i'm confident he has and will continue to do that. >> how would you contrast general brown with general milley who during the end of president trump's term became a lightning rod for partisan politics? >> both of them are members of the joint chiefs of staff who work on a day to day basis. contrary to what hollywood shows, generals are not cut from the same cloth. every general and admiral are different individuals who bring their personality and experiences to bear.

general milley is known to be more expressive than general brown is known to be. both provide superb military advice to the secretary of defense, national security council, homeland security council, and president. being the senior military person to do so. i'm confident it will be consistent when they bring their personalities to bear in different ways. >> do you think if he becomes chairman of the joint chief of staff, he continues to represent the black experience vocally in the way we saw him do in that video after the death of george floyd? does he address systemic racism in the military? >> he can do so from a very important position. tting toneroe to as they talk about what is important and as they informed the service secretaries and secretary of defense as they communicate with and to

congress. it is a very important role to be representative and is clearly distinguished representative for african-americans. he's more than that. he will bring these characteristics to bear as he helps to change the culture and impact the society in a favorable and positive way fulfilling his view and so many of our views about what is ideal to the u.s. we have inclusion, cooperation, support, and we are not walking past one another and ignoring talent in our population and ranks. >> general vincent brooks, thank you for joining us. i want to clarify for our viewers at general brooks was commander of u.s. forces in korea, not north korea as i misstated. thank you. >> take care.

>> george floyd's murder at the hand of police in minneapolis led to a widespread push for police reform and racial justice. our special correspondent sat down with the new police chief in minneapolis to talk about the challenges of the past few years and the department's future. >> ryan o'hara was sworn in as the 54th police chief last november. he took over a department at the center with changes to policing. the department down hundreds of officers since 2020. he came from newark new jersey, where he led efforts to bring the police department in line with the federal consent decree. in march, minneapolis reached a settlement with the minnesota department of human rights with legally binding reforms,

including limits to traffic stops and use of force and emphasis on de-escalation and additional training. a federal consent decree widely expected here, as well. we spoke with chief o'hara and asked him about the world of implementing the changes agreements require. >> i don't think of it as a check list of stuff to do and prove to the court and a monitor you have done it. it is more about changing the culture of the agency. the number one thing we need to do besides trying to rebuild the sworn staffing levels would be to engage community in this process to make sure community feel like they have a voice and with the training would look like in the future, what it looks like in the city. that will be a difficult lift. it will be much harder than it was in the work because people have in through so much trauma and it has not been addressed.

also, it is a much more engaged community in a lot of respects than what i have seen previously. >> you have to deal with several political realities, one is resistance from the fpd unit, which expressed its skepticism. the union had saying some of it could be a potential logistical nightmare. >> i think she's correct. the agreement with the state and federal consent decree is a gargantuan task. it is the way forward and what we have to do. and i'm ok if it takes us some time to figure that out. i'm ok if we have to engage community, take more time to make sure we are getting things right and that we are not jeopardizing public safety trying to implement these gargantuan requirements. >> last month, minneapolis reached multimillion dollar settlements with two people who allegedly excessive force by

derek chauvin used before he fatally knelt on george floyd's neck. in a statement, he called him a national embarrassment but said there was a systemic failure within the minneapolis police department allowing for and even encouraging unjust and brutal policing. >> it is very frustrating three years after george floyd's murder, we are dealing with the conduct of the former officer who murdered him. the most frustrating part is different super site -- supervisors reviewed his condo previously and as an agency, we were not able to hold the former officer accountable. that is why i think it is clearly a systems problem as opposed to trying to scapegoat one or two persons here or there. that is why i think it is much deeper than dealing with the one former officer.

>> you go out on patrol frequently, you have gone to the side of homicides. what can you tell us about your tenure on the street and elsewhere in this job? >> after everything that has happened, people in this community are entitled to an engaged police chief. in order to be engaged, i need to be present. over the last three years, police officers experienced an incredible amount of trauma. while people were leaving the job, i think there was a retreat from doing police work. there was a fear. i think if we are going to be in a position where we are going to address serious street crime in a real way, i have to tell the cops i need you to do your job. at the same time, we need to be able to earn people's trust. regardless of whatever settlement agreement, the

consent decree, we are going to continue to be present and be the police. >> higher than before the pandemic, but the city has seen a drop in homicides, shots fired, and carjackings compared to the same time in 2022. he credits officers with the department. >> the cops who work in minneapolis who have been here just like our residents, all of this uncertainty, possibly disbanding the police department, they are incredibly resilient. we are definitely at a very critical point where we need to keep pushing forward because i think there is a great risk we could slide backwards. >> that push forward has not been without missteps. earlier this month, minnesota reformer reported o'hara personally signed a job offer letter for a former virginia

police officer who repeatedly tasered and struck an unarmed black man in 2020. you ordered a full investigation . is there any update? do you worry it undermines credibility of the department? >> of course. it is a very serious concern of mine. i was not happy about it once i learned about that person's history. the matter remains under investigation. the process remains under investigation. how could the rubric for conducting these hiring and all of the different laborers -- layers of review, how can it not be flagged? i can ensure we will be making significant changes to the process, the structure of how these things are conducted to make sure something doesn't happen again like this. >> you would like to have a few

more hundred officers on your staff. what attributes might we see that did not exist in prior ones? >> police departments are having real challenges with staffing levels and finding recruits. nowhere else in the country is it more pronounced than in minneapolis. i think there's a very negative perception not connected to the reality of who the minneapolis police officers are today and what we are trying to accomplish. i want to be intentional about focusing on young people from minneapolis with connection, but also on the candidates that want to be part of getting this right. >> chief ryan o'hara, thank you so much. >> fred's reporting is a partnership with the untold stories project with the university of st. thomas.

a new investigation by the marshall project in the new york times sheds light on an alarming culture of abuse in new york state reasons. for decades, office disciplinary records were cap secret from the public. that was until 2020, when lawmakers enacted police reforms in the wake of george floyd's murder. the marshall project reviewed records and found hundreds of incidents of abuse and mistreatment and widespread failure to hold guards accountable. one of the reporters behind the story joins me now. over the course of your reporting, you spoke with guards, officials, incarcerated people. he found a culture of abus >> we found when the department of corrections in new york state attempted to fire officers they accused of abusing people in their custody or covering up

that abuse, that they only succeeded getting rid of the officer and firing them in about 10% of the cases. we were surprised to see such a low rate of success for the state when the state found the abuse had occurred. because we wereobtained only toa fraction of the excessive force that occurs in prisons, we analyzed 160 lawsuits in which prisoners were awarded damages. as a result of their lawsuit. we crosschecked the names of the officers accused in the lawsuits. 88% of the cases, the state did not even attempt to discipline the officers accused. >> one incident of abuse and a cover-up involved a man named melvin virgil. the video we are about to show is graphic. you have access to body camera footage where you see an officer

beating mr. virgil multiple times. despite the records, photos, and video showing guards striking him repeatedly, the officer involved reported he delivered one strike against mr. virgil and other officers supported the claim. tell us about this case and how it fits into the broader culture of abuse you reported on. >> the attack is unique because there was footage of what occurred. i had never seen body camera footage from inside in new york state prison. it illustrated the way the the same story, clearly contradicted by the video. that story became the official narrative of what happened in the melvin virgil case. he had attacked the officer and one strike had been used in an attempt to get him under control and he remained combative. in the video, you see him struck

six times in the head and you also see him go unconscious the moment the officers claim he was fighting back against them. another important thing to note is melvin virgil was sent to solitary confinement for this particular incident. the cover-up was -- there story was adopted as the official narrative for what had actually occurred. it was despite the ring video evidence and officers allowed to watch the video and offered an opportunity to change reports, which they declined. >> when it comes to accountability,ouum d yenoctmo tried to fire officers or supervisors who mistreated prisoners. ultimately, 28 were fired. what are the barriers preventing the system from holding these officers down? >> one of the biggest barriers is the union's contract. in new york, corrections

officers are part of a strong union. the union contract the state has agreed to has many protections. one in particular is the arbitration process. an arbitrator gets to decide whether an officer loses their job or not. it is not up to the prison agency. we found arbitrators in abuse cases were ruled with the officer three quarters of the time that the state was attempting to fire someone for abuse or covering up abuse. it is in a lot of cases where they were put back in their jobs and back in control of others. >> your question as we wrap up the conversation. why should we care about what happens in prisons? iss artreated? >> prisoners are among the most vulnerable people. they rely on others for their basic needs and for their safety. people also get out of prison.

don't care about them being in there. while they are treated inside. it could really affect how their life goes when they come back into the world we all have on the outside. we have the people affected by that. families, friends that love people who are incarcerated. and all of the people who work there. the thousands of people who endure the stress of knowing that there's a job in which they might encounter something they think they would want to report. the culture itself is you are supposed to cover it up and your own safety realize on your willingness to cooperate and go along with coverups in the prison system. it affects a lot of people. it is important for everyone to care about. >> thank you for sharing your reporting with us.

the u.s. supreme court has weakened the authority of the environmental protection agency. today's ruling limits the agency power to curb water pollution. >> this case goes back 15 years. the epa citing the landmark clean water act blocked an idaho couple from building a house on their property because there was a wetland on it and the property was next to a big lake. all nine justices agreed the epa did not have the authority to regulate homeowners property. but there was disagreement over how to determine when a body of water can and should be protected. to understand the implications of this ruling, we are joined by carl davenport, covering energy and environment. nice to see you. it was a unanimous ruling in this idaho case, the epa overstepped. the majority went much farther

and really much deeper cut into the epa's authority. >> essentially, they said the epa, which until yesterday had the authority to regulate most of the wetlands in the u.s. to protect the wetlands and to punish anyone in them. sharply limited or sharply reduced the amount of wetlands that would be subject to federal protections. in order for a wetland to be subject to any kind of protection, it has to directly join up to or be connected to a larger body of water. that might sound obscure. but the decision really cuts out millions of acres. probably more than half of the wetlands. >> remind us for people who think wetlands are swampy areas -- who knows what they really do? >> one of them might not be a

place you want to visit. a lot of wetlands fall into the definition of swamp or soggy area. wetlands are important for two reasons. a major source for biodiversity. many species make their home in wetlands. if the wetlands are polluted or not subject environmental protection, you might risk losing a lot of the biodiversity. wetlands protect humans. they are really important source for protection from floods. if they dry up, if they are filled in, if they disappear, they are a buffer for flooding. that is a role they play that has become more important in the era of climate change, where we are experiencing more flooding. >> more land to suck up water. >> those are the rules wetlands play. that is why the clean water act had envisioned federal

protection for wetlands. >> who is cheering the ruling? who is going to be heartened the epa cannot regulate wetlands? >> there were a lot of groups who had been pushing legally and politically to overturn these regulations and these protections. farmers, real estate developers, golf course developers. former president trump pushed hard to roll back investigations. they got in the way of what people could do with their land. without these protections, it takes away penalties for filling in wetlands and developing. it takes away penalties for farmers who could have been penalized on using fertilizers or pollutants to run into wetlands and receive penalties from the epa. a lot of those areas that have

been protected come on now that protections are gone, those groups are saying we can do what we want. >> president biden today in a statement that was very critical of this ruling. he's going to redouble efforts to get states localities and tribes to step up enforcement of water protections. how likely is it to make a difference and step into the breach? >> now that the federal protection has been lifted, a lot of these areas at this moment have literally no legal protection whatsoever from pollution. it absolutely is possible states could step in and write new state laws or rules to protect the wetlands. more than 20 states already have statutes in place that say state rules cannot be more stringent than the federal rules. if we were to see that happen,

it would probably only happen in about half of the state, if at all. president biden made that call. it is harder to see how that would happen in about half of the country. >> coral davenport, thank you so much. >> now look at the transformation of twitter and concerns around it. ever since elon musk took over, he's been clear he sees his platform as a place for free speech. especially a space for conservative voices who he feels have been silenced too often. that was part of the backdrop when ron desantis formally launched his presidential campaign on twitter spaces last night. but the event was plagued by lengthy delays and problems which elon musk acknowledged what was happening. >> reallocating more capability

to handle the load. it has gone crazy. i'm super excited to have governor desantis make this up. >> the number of users listening was in the hundreds of thousands. not the millions or tens of millions that would typically overwhelm servers of other social media giants. we will focus on elon musk's plans and vision for twitter. philip bump joins us. you could argue ron desantis decision to announce his presidential bid on audio stream even with technical issues, that it really cements twitter's newfound status on the right. how do you see it and how do you see the transformation of twitter under elon musk's leadership? >> it is true elon musk is making a bid to be the place

where they are the right wing of american politics can have a conversation. when he took over twitter, even when he first put in the bid, he made clear he thought twitter made bad decisions about who was allowed to be on the platform and who was not. twitter had been previously keeping off people spreading misinformation that was false, making false claims about the election or coronavirus. he saw the moves as the wrong way to go. in doing so, he really drew a distinction that is important to recognize between himself and say fox news. fox news got in trouble for spreading election misinformation by dominion voting systems. twitter doesn't have the same problem. it is a different place where people can get information, even false information, and it provides the power to elon musk in the right wing conversation

fox news cannot match. i think he's starting to wake up to the possibilities. >> let's talk about the potential impact on the media. fox news ratings have declined since they parted ways with tucker carlsen. now you have tucker carlsen and the team behind the daily wire saying they will produce content for twitter. >> it depends how it goes. the impact of a major presidential campaign would have been big up until about 6:00 p.m. yesterday. we will see how it goes. there are a lot more people who have access to viewing tucker carlsen on twitter than they do on fox news. whether or not it is the same audience is an open question. whether or not you can support one hour of looking at your phone or watching twitter is a question. it is not the same demographic groups who would watch fox news

also tune into twitter. we need to some extent audiences will have to create new audiences. >> the value of any social network is users and communities create. twitter under previous ownership became this powerful online network of people able to circumvent mainstream channels to have their voices heard. it gave rise to any number of powerful social movements. not just in this country, but around the world. you maintain one of the reasons elonkted b ttter was to dismantle those communities. >> particularly, one community, a community of the media and journalists. like any major business owner, elon musk has had an adversarial relationship with the press. i think he quickly realized if he took ownership of twitter, he would be able to mute or muffle the extent the more powerful social media platform.

twitter was uniquely a home for the media relative to social media platforms. elon musk was able to effectively make the media less powerful on twitter simply by giving them less prominence through the verification brad -- badge. at the same time empowering people who want to bring information that is not necessarily accurate, that is potentially under vetted or partisan, and allows them to be on equal playing field with people trying to be objective about what they are saying. advantageous to those who might want to offer it. >> preparing to speak with you, i looked up research center data. democrats are more likely than republicans to use twitter. omos twice as many democrats. might that change under the leadership of elon musk? what do you see as the effect on the election and politics? >> it almost certainly will

change or has changed. those numbers are from last year at the latest, as i recall. one of the things that happen after elon musk took over and twitter changed its policy was a lot of people from the political left started to drop off and use it less frequently. it correlates to age. younger people are much more heavily democratic. much more likely to use social media platforms. it is like -- by changing the demographics of who uses twitter, you are also changing the politics of it. it prevents an opportunity for people and twitter who may not share his politics to find somewhere else to congregate. >> thank you for your insight. michelle zahn is a korean american author and musician

best known as the lead vocalist of the alternative pop band japanese breakfast. she shares her brief spectacular take on making the ordinary beautiful. >> my mother was a homemaker and i was an only child. we were really bonded early on. 20 she told me she had stage iv cancer. being an only daughter, i knew i had to take everything on my desk, completely clear it, and be with her from beginning to end. in six months, i found myself unemployed, married without a mother and estranged from my father. i don't think i could wrap my head around anything that happened until i started putting it down on paper. the first sign ever since my mom

died, i think in a way the book is very much about answering the question of why you are crying in a grocery store. it is a korean grocery chain. to be surrounded by her language in the foods she loved and that we shared together. i don't think we thought about it as losing culture. >> once you realize i went to a korean grocery store, i could not just call my mom anymore what brand of seaweed we used to buy, or what kind of soybean pace we had a home. i would say food was a big part of the way my mother expressed her love. it was rooted in actions, the type of fruit you like, the food you did not like, and what you did not want after a long day.

i did not realize it until i was older. it has been fun to see people from all different types of cultures comparing different grocery stores are different types of food and food memories to the book. one of my favorite things that has come back is children who have told me i read your book and i called my mom. i took her out to lunch. this is my brief but spectacular take on making the ordinary beautiful. >> watch more brief but spectacular videos online at pbs.org/newshour/brief. that is the newshour for tonight. i geoff bennett. >> in brownsville texas. join us tomorrow night for more on the conditions migrants are facing for a chance to seek asylum here in the u.s. also how u.s. border communities are being affected by the change in immigration policies. >> thanks for spending part of your evening.

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>> welcome to amanpour and company. here is what is coming up. donald trump has company as ron desantis joins the other republican hopefuls. how will the presidential primary j5? trey grayson joins me. >>, think you are a big, bad masters by, i think you messed up. one year of heartbreak and anguish, 19 children were among the 21 shot to death at this school in uvalde and the parents of one of the survivors tells us how the town and the children have changed forever.