♪ ♪ narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... narrator: pediatric surgeon. volunteer. topiary artist. a raymond james financial advisor tailors advice to help you live your life. life well planned. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. and by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. announcer: and now "bbc news".

♪ >> you're watching "the context" on bbc news. >> they said that only 15 people were wearing life jackets and that they had to wade in the water for hours before finally being rescued by a cargo ship. >> the numbers are truly horrific. as the numbers increased, attempting to find production and safety across across the mediterranean, so are the deaths at sea. >> often they have moms and dads and cousins in view of the european countries and there's simply no way for them to get here except by taking these extremely dangerous routes. >> it shows once again there are huge necessities for states to take responsibility to send vessels capable of rescuing people on the move and to coordinate such distress cases.

>> good evening. thank for you joining us. 41 people died as their small boat capsized trying to make the crossing from tunisia to italy and a string of incidents in the mediterranean. coming up, joe biden is expected to ban capital adventure investments in china. we'll have people talking. and the deflation is impacting products across the economy. and if you're the type of person struggling to get in 10,000 steps a day, you'll be pleased to hear a new study found fewer than 5,000 may be enough to see a health benefit. but first to the mediterranean where 41 migrants have drowned

off the italian island after their boat capsized. 45eople including three children were aboard the vessel when it set off on tuesday. four survivors from ivory coast and guinea reached lampedusa on wednesday. our bbc correspondent has the latest. >> in the mediterranean, more than 40 migrants are feared dead in shipwrecks off the coast of lampedusa in italy. four survivors are quoted as saying it all started here from the tunisian city of sfax. they took a boat to italy before

sinking in rough seas. sfax has become a hot spot for tunisian and african migrants who seek to reach italy for what they think a better future. in sfax the city center, dozens of migrants are still gathering here looki for a way out. for over a month they've been chased from their homes, some were left in the desert and 20 at least were reportedly dead. >> it's not the first time we've seen an incident like this. our reporter has been analyzing and looking at the crime statistics. >> this video from the rescue group doctors without borders shows one of their vessels going to the aid of a boat packed with migrants in the mediterranean on monday this week. the central mediterranean route from north africa to europe is one of the deadliest in the world. take a look at this map from the

international organization for migration and shows deaths through migration since 2014. globally there have been over 57,000. you see the majity of those are in the mediterranean region. indeed the organization says this year alone, more than 1, 800 people have died or are missing in the central mediterranean. and you only have to take a look at some of the reports on the bbc news website to see how that figure comes about. for example, back in june, 78 people died in the greek boat disaster, and the italian migrant boat shipwreck in february killed at least 60 people. and off the coast of tunisia in march, at least 29 people died. talking o tunisia, the authorities there have told us that this year alone, they have recovered 900 bodies in maritime incidents in the central mediterranean. but they also say that around 34,000 people have been rescued

or intercepted by them. to give you a sense of the scale of the issue we're talking about, the united nations refugee agency says this year alone so far, 90,000 migrants have arrived in italy. the majority of those are from tunisia or neighboring libya. >> let's talk more about the scale of the issue with sally, a journalist and author of "my fourth time we drowned" about the people trying to make this dangerous crossing across the mediterranean. sally, thank you for joining us. i saw the statistic that the united nations has registered more than 17,000 deaths and disappearances in the central mediterranean since 2014 and makes it the most dangerous migrant crossing in the world. what has made it such a common pathway for migrants trying to reach europe? sally: migration paths shift and basically this has been kind of one of the routes that people have at least sometimes managed to get across and was more

commonly libya and now tunisia has overtaken that and there are other routes where the atlantic route where deaths aren't properly being recorded and may be potentially even greater. but yeah, the central mediterranean is currently what the u.n. calls the deadliest migration route in the world. >> what do migrants say why they continue to take this crossing? sally: one thing i think is important is even question the use of the word "migrants" because what happened at the mome is mass death is normalized on europe's borders and one of the reasons i think that has been allowed to happen is we're using the word "migrants" and "refugees" and not paying attention to the fact we're distancing ourselves from the fact these are people and people with hopes and dreams and families who are mourning them and basically what we have right now is a global inequality crisis and a large portion of the world can't access visas and can't get on planes and have no

other way to travel and to access a safe or secure country potentially. people i met, i was in tunisia as well for the past week, people i met have fled everything, wars, dictatorships, persecution and sometimes crushing poverty and sometimes situations where in their country is a lot of corruption and they can't trust the institutions and there are so many different reasons that people have to try and seek a better or safer life and they're all gathering in tunisia right now. >> i want to ask you about the situation in tunisia because the president of the country says migrants, asylum seekers, refugees who have come to his country are receiving humane treatment but we see them leaving the migrants in the desert and trying to expel them from the country. what's the situation they face there? sally: a lot of people i spoke to said they experienced kindness from tunisian civilians

and charity and they were grateful for that and at the same stage they feel they are victims of politics and the president of tunisia last february made comments basically that led to a big backlash against black africans who were in tunisia and a lot of people i met had been working and living in tunisia for years before that and find themselves evicted and couldn't work anymore and were fired from their jobs and they say that's why they've had to cross the sea now and why they're considering it. and i think tied into that is the fact that the e.u. is negotiating and prosing funding for tunisia effectively to stem migration and so this politics is all being played out at the same time and when money is involved, i think we've seen the e.u. is spending huge amounts of money across africa to try and stem migration and certainly my reporting would show that that has propped up systems and militias and

dictatorships that are prosecuting people further. and i would encourage people watchdog read my book "the fourth time we drowned." >> what do you think should be done to find a humane solution? sally: that's a big question because first of all, we need to stop distancing ourselves fro this problem. we need to stop ignoring the fact these are people and look at the consequences and human rights issues that are called as a result of our country's actions. everybody in europe and britain as well, everyone in the rich world need to pay attention that these mass drownings are happening and tens of thousands of people are dying, 11 children every week unicef said are dying in the central mediterranean trying to cross. we need to have a reckoning to do with that because it's just horrific. >> sally, thank you so much for joining us today. sally: thank you. >> now net migration to britain reached record levels last year

and comes despite promises of conservatives in the u.k. to drastically decrease the amount of those moving. they tried to take them to rwanda but it is seeking challenges. and one party is likely to campaign to leave the convention on human rights in the next general election and if planned to send asylum seekers to rwanda continues to be blocked. there was frustration at the role in a european court to stop asylum seekers from taking off. they would not rule out withdrawing from the convention and told "times" radio the government would do, quote, whatever is necessary ultimately to defend our borders. the european convention on human rights was established in 1950 by a number of countries including the u.k. and let's talk more about this with professor in human rights law at the university of

liverpool. professor, great to have you on. is it the european convention on human rights that is blocking this rwanda flights plan? >> basically, while technically the european port of human rights prevented the first flight from going to rwanda. however, it doesn't mean the whole plan will be -- that human rights is being violated. they just delayed the departure of the flight until the european port of human rights deals with this situation. and it doesn't mean there is any complete ban on extradition or deportation coming from the european port of human rights. in my preparation for this interview, i looked at the latest judgment of the europeana

few of them allow people to be extraditeed, the very latest judgment allowed an extradition to the u.s. on a slightly different grounds but there's no absolute ban on that. the government just needs to establish a proper system of dealing with immigration on that sense. >> some people in the u.k. mig be asking themselves what does the european convention on human rights do, how does it protect people? >> it protects everyone. it protects people not only immigrants or vulnerable minorities but every one of us. we can remember a plethora of cases that brought real improvement in this country as well. for example, in the old case of the european court of human rights prohibits physical punishment in schools. the european court of human

rights protects punishment for gay people, human rights and the european court of human rights protects us from abuse of power and it can be linked to every single one of us. if our property is taken and no appropriate compensation is paid, you can go to the european court of human rights. if a hospital doesn't provide you with proper treatment, you can go to the c.h.r. if the crime is not properly investigated, this is also a human rights issue. >> professor, if i understand you correctly it provides recourse for people who their who you are. what would the consequence be if the u.k. were to leave this convention? >> the consequences would be quite dramatic i have to tell you because this extra level of protection will be lifted. so six months after the united kingdom government submits the letter to the council of europe they want to leave, after that nobody will be able to apply to

the european court of human rights and complain that the u.k., the u.k. government actually violates its human rights. and this will have massive implications not only on people who are within this country and want to get their rights protected. but also there is different levels of complexity. for example, the european convention of human rights is mentioned in the good friday agreement that determines the relationship with northern ireland. it also mentions in the brexit agreement and this will also complicate furer relationship with the european union and this problem with small boats can lean directly to brexit and the fact that now the united kingdom cannot actually send back people

to the court of first entry as it was under the european union. >> thank you, professor, for such insight and thanks for joining us. around the world and across the u.k., this is bbc news. let's look at other stories making news. the names of thousands of people adopted as children were available on genealogy websites and safety and privacy issues were raised after a mother found details of adoptions dating back to 100 years on scotland people's site. the national record of scotland said it removed the information 36 hours after the mother complained it could endanger her adopted child. a fire that ripped through a landmark pub days before it was demolished is treated as arson. the crooked house near dudley in the black country caught fire saturday night and bulldozed monday prompting anger from local residents and the pub was called the wongyest and sold last month.

the bbc investigation discovered thousands of people having money deducted toay utility bills despite a case, people with old style benefits must give consent. you're watching bbc news. now to the continuing fallout over a massive data breach in northern ireland in response to a freedom of information request, the police service of northern ireland mistakenly shared names of all officers and staff where they were based and their roles. the details were then published online before being removed. police say they are now looking into two incidents involving the unauthorized release of data and apologized for the accidental online publications of details of every staff member. separately, it emerged documents including a spreadsheet with the names of more than 200 serving officers and staff were stolen from a private vehicle last month. the u.k.'s information

commissioner said some public bodies have failed in their duty to protect the private information of citizens. we can speak now to dr. johnny burn, criminologist from ulster university. thank for you joining us. you work with a number of organizations including the police service for northern ireland and the department of justice. what have members been telling you about their concerns? >> it's been a difficult 24 hours for the p.s.i. in relation to the release of this information by mistake and having a significant impact in terms of staff morale and the culture in the position and also having a impact on public confidence in the organization itself. there are two audiences being affected by this data breach. >> we'll come back to the question about morale but f international viewers, rather, why is this data breach so significant? >> the reality is 25 years after the good friday agreement, policing is still not a normal

occupation in northern ireland and unfortunately police officers still have to check under their cars and they have to be car in what way y drive to work. a mple thing like they can't hang their uniforms outside on a washing line because there's still a terrorist threat which is severe. so unfortunately we haven't reached the normalcy in terms of policing. so in reality, a lot of officers sacrificed an awful lot and essentially taken on new cover stories and new lives. they made sacrifices in terms of leaving their communities and moving out of where they used to live and not seeing family members. they've committed an awful lot to join the organization and would see this as a breach of their trust. is so it's created a lot of frustration and anger in terms of what they've had to do to protect their own anonymity. >> how do you assess the threat they now face? >> this is the million dollar question. the reality is that the threat isn't generic. although there are over 10,000 people's details were released, it needs to be looked at in an

individual case by case basis because everybody's circumstances were different and there were a lot of officers and details put forward whose details were in the public demand and senior officers more comfortable and confident out front. so the reality ise need to look at each case individually to determine what level of risk has happened because of this given the circumstances of each officer. >> truly it impacted as you said earlier the morale in the police force. >> yeah, you know, policing is a really difficult job anywhere but particularly difficult in northern ireland given the politics of this place. the police process and policing are inextricably linked and wouldn't have had a peaceful fight. but officers committed a lot of their time and commitment to join this organization. yes, it's created frustration and anger but for a lot of people they want to know how are police at a senior level going monitor this? what comes next? the reality is this has happened

and the breach taken place but we want to know how the police will manage these instances of risk given each individual officer's circumstances. >> it will be interesting to see what the next steps that are taken. dr. burn, thanks for sharing your thoughts with us tonight. >> thank you. >> now while the u.k. is struggling to get inflation under control, china's economy is suffering from the opposite, deflation. consumer prices declined in july for the first time in more than two years. people and businesses are not spending and the world's second largest economy is struggling to revive demand. most developed countries saw a boom in consumer spending after pandemic restrictions ended and the huge increase of goods that were limited in supply caused by energy costs after russia's invasion of ukraine increased prices but it has not happened in china and there is pressure on beijing to take a more active role in stimulating the economy. we can speak to an associate at

oxford university's the china center and senior officer at u.b.s. investment. thanks for joining us. can you explain what deflation actually is? >> actually, i was adviser to u.b.s. but haven't been for some years. >> thank you. >> anyway, deflation is a sustained drop in the level of prices as much as inflation is a sustained increase in the level of prices. so to be fair the kind of ouhaha about china today is the release of july's consumer price index which showed a drop in toegative territory. i think the annual change was -0.3%. specifically this is because this time last year, stock prices went up by 26% and they didn't this year so the comparison is very favorable in the sense and shows a lower reading of the consumer price level than was last year but

it's not the only indication that has been prevalent of falling prices in china, and it's something that the authorities really need to watch very closely. >> can you explain how it is that we saw inflation after the pandemic restrictions ended in many countries, including the u.k., the u.s. but in china we've seen the very opposite. >> yeah, in fact your package really answered the question, really. so for the united kingdom and the united states, western europe and large parts of the world, i mean, not only were citizens and households given a lot of financial assistance during the pandemic so they built up their bank deposits or their savings during a time when they really weren't able to spend them that much because they couldn't go to the shops or go on holiday and so on and so forth. so when we were all able to congregate again and mix freely and travel by train and bus and

airplane and what have you, i mean, it did unleash this kind of revenge consumption, really, which was to make up for lost ground and of course during the pandemic, lots of factories and lots of, you know, shipping lines and transportation, cargo shipments so on and so forth, a lot of things were shut down or weren't used or people were furloughed or laid off or whatever, so there was a huge kind of demand and supply mismatch coming out of the pandemic which pushed prices and then of course the ukraine war and energy prices on top. now, china hasn't really had any of that. the problem that china has is that demand in the economy is chronically weak and that's why prices are so weak as well. >> what does beijing have at its disposal to remedy this problem? >> that's the 64 trillion yuan

question, really, because everybody expects the government is going to do something in the not too distant future because it keeps telling us they will. they keep talking about the fact they want to strengthen domestic demand and quote, strengthen consumption but time after time they failed toake the measures that actually will do that. so we are certainly expecting interest rates toome down, people are expecting relaxation of regulations in the housing industry, which is beleaguered and facing a long period of years ahead, of shrinkage and there may well be some further borrowing to finance infrastructure, for example. what we really want to see, though, we want to see government measures to put income into people's pockets, so they can go out and consume. and that is something that may not be seen. >> quick final question, what impact does the deflation in china ha on the global

economy? >> well, obviously there's kind of a good news/bad news story here. the good news is it chinese companies are cutting prices, chinese products sold abroad will be cheaper. on the other hand the reason they're cutting prices is because demand is so weak and means you can't really sell as much into the chinese mket as you might otherwise prefer to do. so takes your -- pays you money and takes your choice. >> very interesting perspective. george magnus, thanks for joining us on "the context." thank you for watching "the context." we'll be back in a short while with an interview we led with two congressmen from the u.s. talking about a new executive order coming from the white house restricting investments in chinese technologies, a republican and democrat way in on that executive order expected to come tomorrow from president biden and the white house coming up after a very short break. stay with us. up after a very short break. stay with narrator: funding for this presentation of this program

is provided by... narrator: financial services firm, raymond james. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. and by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. ♪ ♪

introducing a technological achievement so advanced... it rivals the moon landing. wow! ok. rude. that's one small step for man.

one giant leap for mankind. ♪ ♪ narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... narrator: pediatric surgeon. volunteer. topiary artist. a raymond james financial advisor tailors advice to help you live your life. life well planned. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. and by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. announcer: and now, "bbc news".