♪ amna: good evening. i'm amna nawaz. geoff: and i'm geoff bennett. on the "newshour" tonight -- mayor welch: we need everyone to take this storm seriously. geoff: floridians brace for hurricane idalia, rapidly advancing toward the state's gulf coast. amna: the biden administration takes aim at drug prices, naming

the first 10 prescriptions now subject to medicare negotiations. geoff: and, donald trump's former chief of staff on the stand. how mark meadows' testimony in a georgia courtroom could shape the case against the former president and his alleged co-conspirators. ♪ >> major funding for the pbs newshour been provided by -- ♪ the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions and friends of the newshour, including kathy and paul anderson. >> at cellular, this is sam. how can i help you. a pocket dial. i want you to know that with consumer cellular, you get

nationwide coverage, no contract. that's kind of our thing. have a nice day. >> the john s. and james l. knight foundation. more at kf.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs stations from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ geoff: welcome to the newshour. hurricane idalia is gaining

strength, with winds of 100 miles per hour. it's now a category 2 system and is barreling toward florida, where it's expected to make landfall as a category 3 storm tomorrow. amna: rain from the hurricane's outer bands is already falling in florida. idalia is expected to punish the western coast of the state, and particularly the big band region near the panhandle in the northwest. forecasters are warning of a "catastrophic" storm surge, along with destructive winds, flooding rain, and possibly even tornadoes. more than 20 counties were under evacuation orders late today as the storm takes aim at florida. along the gulf coast of florida, people in tampa and elsewhere are focused on sand bags instead of sandy beaches. grace: in every situation, now we start preparing, putting away all my patio furniture, bringing in anything out there that's loose and can fly away, getting the sandbags.

amna: hurricane idalia is expected to make landfall in the state on wednesday. it will be the first storm to strike florida this hurricane season. the national hurricane center projects sustained winds of up to 120 miles per hour. gov. desantis: it's been tracking into the big bend area pretty consistently, with a bit of little variations, but at the same time, you've got to watch how this thing goes and where it can impact. make sure you are heeding the warnings from your local emergency management individuals. make sure you're doing what you need to do to keep yourself and your family safe. amna: video from the international space station today showed the storm churning in the gulf of mexico as it closed in on florida. >> [speaking spanish] amna: the storm has already swept past cuba, drenching havana. residents there waded through floodwaters, trying to get to higher ground. yadira: we've been flooded for two days. it hadn't risen much before but yes, there's a lot of water. it has rained quite a lot. amna: back in florida, the u.s. coast guard prepared helicopters to assist in rescue efforts.

the state also mobilized more than 1000 national guard members. fema administrator deanne criswell said idalia could significantly raise water levels off the florida coast. deanne criswell: this storm is very strong and is expected to strengthen to a major hurricane by the time it makes landfall, due to high surface temperatures in the gulf of mexico. this means heavy winds, high winds, heavy rain, and a forecasted 12-foot storm surge in some of the areas along the western coast. amna: st. petersburg mayor ken welch urged caution, especially in areas hard hit by hurricane ian less than a year ago. mayor welch: folks shouldn't relax until the storm is well past us. maybe folks north of the area see that track and think it is safe, and we know from ian that is not the case. amna: it's a lesson learned at great cost in new orleans, where today, they marked 18 years since hurricane "katrina"

blasted ashore, devastating parts of the city and surrounding communities and killing more than 1800 people. to update us on the latest with hurricane idalia and how it is advancing, i'm joined by jamie rhome, the deputy director of the national hurricane center. jamie, welcome back. as we speak right now, just past 6:00 on the east coast, where is the storm, and where is it headed? deputy dir. rhome: it is currently centered about 200 miles southwest of tampa bay, florida. maximum sustained winds have been steadily increasing throughout the day. is now a category 2 on the scale, which puts the pink wind -- peak wind at 100 miles an hour. looking at the satellite imagery, it is continuing to intensify as we speak. amna: fema administrator said it is intensifying and strengthening. do you expect it make landfall as a category 3 storm? deputy dir. rhome: all yes.

all indications are that it is continuing to strengthen, and our forecasting supply category 3 over the next -- our forecast take into a category 3 over the next welcome 18 hours. amna: what should folks expect to see over the next few hours? deputy dir. rhome: the projected path has been relatively consistent over the last several days. it has not changed, and i do not anticipate significant changes. it looks like it will make landfall somewhere in the florida, big bend area. it is hard to tell precisely which county, but some went -- somewhere in the big bend area, likely passing close to the tallahassee area. they could be getting big winds as well. deputy dir. rhome: part of the national weather advisory said today, "don't mess around with this storm." they put it into historical context a little bit. compare to storms in the past, hurricane ian, for example,

which people are still recovering from. how does idalia? compare? deputy dir. rhome: perkins are little different, so comparing storms can be problematic at times. but i can tell you is if you have never experienced power of a major hurricane, you're probably underestimating just how strong it is. these winds, you see on the graphic, you see on the red area where the hurricane force winds could move inland. you can see how far they carry and lead, including all the way into southern georgia. amna: governor desantis said shelters are open, highway tolls are being waived. for those who have not evacuated or cannot yet, what is your advice, what is your message? deputy dir. rhome: unfortunately, you are down to the last few hours. the conditions are going to deteriorate rapidly through the evening and overnight hours in advance of the system. we are already seeing heavy rain

and strong winds move across the florida peninsula as we speak. this is no longer a sit and wait, sit and watch, or hope for a different outcome. it is clear if you are in the path of the system, and most especially, if you have been ordered to evacuate, you need to do that now, not tomorrow, now. amna: that is jamie rhome, deputy director at the national hurricane center, with the latest on hurricane idalia. jamie, thank you so much. ♪ geoff: in the day's other headlines, victims of the january 6th assault on the u.s. capitol -- along with their families -- had their say in a federal court in washington. it came a day before former "proud boys" leader enrique tarrio -- and three others -- will be sentenced for their roles in the attack.

they were convicted of seditious conspiracy in a bid to overturn the 2016 election results. the 2024 race for the white house claimed its first casualty today -- miami mayor francis suarez. he called off his campaign for the republican nomination. suarez launched his bid just over two months ago but failed to gain traction or qualify for last week's gop debate. american paul whelan -- held prisoner in russia -- has appeared on video for the first time in three years. footage released by state media shows the former u.s. marine at a penal colony. at one point, he refuses to answer an interviewer's questions as he works at a sewing machine. whelan's brother said today the video was made in may. the white house said it's a good sign. sec. jean-pierre: it was reassuring to see that he remains, and this is to use his brother's words, unbowed. paul continues to show tremendous courage. that does not change that his circumstances are truly

unacceptable, and we will continue to be very clear about that. geoff: whelan is serving a 16-year sentence for espionage, charges that washington categorically denies. police in nigeria have announced the arrests of 67 people for attending a gay wedding. officers say they carried out a raid early monday in the southern part of nigeria, where homosexuality is outlawed. meantime, a man in uganda has been arrested for what's called "aggravated homosexuality" under a new law. he could face the death penalty. in pakistan, an appeals court today suspended imran khan's corruption conviction and his three-year prison term. the former prime minister had been found guilty of selling state gifts while in office. family members and supporters waited outside his prison after the court granted him bail, but another court asked that he remain in custody on a separate charge. muzamil: we came here to receive our leader. the high court made a good decision to release imran khan, but suddenly we came to know he has been detained in another case.

we are disappointed with this news, because we were happy that we would be able to see our leader, but nothing like this happened. geoff: if khan's convictions is ultimately quashed, he would be eligible to run for parliament again in november elections. back in this country, a grad student from china at the university of north carolina chapel hill was formally charged today with murdering his faculty adviser. monday's fatal shooting put the campus on lockdown for three hours, and classes were cancelled through tomorrow. police say they are still trying to determine the motive. house majority leader steve scalise announced today he's started treatment for multiple myeloma, a form of blood cancer. the louisiana republican is 57 years old. in a statement, he said, quote, "i will tackle this with the same strength and energy as i have tackled past challenges." scalise was wounded by a gunman back in 2017 during a congressional baseball practice and endured a lengthy recovery. and, on wall street, stocks surged on hopes the federal

reserve might pause interest rate hikes, after reports showing job openings and consumer confidence are down. the dow jones industrial average gained 292 points, to close at 34,852. the nasdaq rose 238 points, 1.7%. the s&p 500 was up nearly 1.5%. still to come on the "newshour," jacksonville's mayor discusses the city's response to a racially-motivated shooting that killed three people. the growing conservative backlash against environmentally and socially-conscious investments. a new podcast highlights how the painful experiences of female patients are routinely ignored. and a landscape architect's visionary goal -- creating nature-based infrastructure. ♪ >> this is pbs newshour, from

weta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. amna: president biden today announced the first batch of drugs designated for medicare price negotiations, a goal of democrats and supported by much of the american public for decades. the 10 medications selected today are among those that cost medicare the most money and could save the government billions of dollars, but drug manufacturers are attempting to block the effort. stephanie sy has the details. stephanie: these price negotiations are part of a program established by the inflation reduction act last year, with the goal of making popular drugs more affordable to older and disabled americans. it gives the government, through medicare, the authority to negotiate lower prices with pharmaceutical companies for select medications. today, the biden administration listed the first 10 drugs up for negotiation. popular blood thinners like eliquis and xarelto are on the list, as well as diabetes medications like jardiance. last year, just these 10 drugs cost medicare recipients $3.4

billion out-of-pocket and cost the medicare program $50 billion. president biden celebrated the milestone at the white house today. pres. biden: today is the start of a new deal for patients, where big pharma doesn't just get a blank check at your expense and expense of the american people. on my watch, healthcare should be right, not a privilege in this country. stephanie: pharmaceutical companies, which have mounted legal challenges to the law, have to negotiate or face heavy tax penalties. the new prices will only take effect in 2026. stacie dusetzina has been watching all of this closely. she's a professor of health policy and cancer research at vanderbilt university school of medicine. stacie, explain why his announcement is a big deal, and how will it impact of those who take those specific 10 medications? , for example, so --

prof. dusetzina: so, it is a really big deal, because when me medicare part d was first enacted, medicare was banned from negotiate drug prices directly, so this is the first time medicare has been able to negotiate for individual drug prices across all medicare beneficiaries also it is really an important step. stephanie: now, for people who take these drugs on the list, some of them will see direct benefits in their prices going down, by the time new prices are implement it in 2026. that includes anybody who is paying a deductible or a coinsurance, a percentage of the drug's price, so especially for many of the drugs on the list that are somewhat lower prices, quite disease medications that are sold every month, patients may actually see the prices go down directly, but many people will see the prices go down

indirectly, because they will get the benefit of having medicare redesigned and have a new $2000 out-of-pocket cap as part of the benefit. that going to affect in 2025. so the good news for medicare beneficiaries and people who know medicare beneficiaries is those changes are coming even earlier than the negotiated prices, but the negotiation is being used in part to pay for that expansion of benefits, so that premiums don't have to go up to compensate. stephanie: what about the fact that there are several lawsuits pending to block the implementation of the law? prof. dusetzina: that is a real concern. the lawsuits were successful in the negotiations were stopped. that would be a large amount of savings that are expected to help pay for expanding the benefit that would no longer be there. i think one of the concerns as we watch drug price negotiations is that premiums within have to rise to compensate for this improvement in benefits.

and i think that has real implications for people who may already struggle to pay premiums to have health insurance coverage today. stephanie: that would be a serious side effect if that were to be the case. the pharmaceutical companies that make these drugs claim that forcing them to lower prices will mean less money they can put toward research and development of new, needed treatments. in fact, one industry even said today that biden's "moonshot" for finding a cure for cancer is in jeopardy because of this policy. what's your view on that being a side effect of this? prof. dusetzina: i think it's important to recognize that we ask for a lot from the pharmaceutical industry, and there's a lot of investment in the pharmaceutical industry that really is there because of the high returns that they are able to bring. that said, the law only as focusing on older drugs drugs that have been

blockbusters in the medicare program, so the companies that have made these products have really read hansen products -- reaped handsome profits from these negotiations, so i think when we consider the real trade-off and effect on innovation, this is a good way for us to get real experience without understanding how lower prices affect innovation without having important guard rest on the process. stephanie: there's clearly a lot that has to be worked out. it is just the fact that the federal government made be negotiating directly with pharmaceutical companies for drug prices, is that leading to shifts to americans concerned about these prices more broadly? prof. dusetzina: i think there could be some additional effects on people outside of medicare, but by and large, we expect most of these changes to be for medicare beneficiaries. i will say that it is important to recognize that, as taxpayers,

we all contribute to the medicare program, so savings to medicare is actually savings for the people benefiting from the program right now and those of us paying taxes helping to support the program. stephanie: stacie dusetzina at venerable university, thank you so much. if you want more information about the 10 drugs selected today, you can find a detailed list and more on our site at pbs.org/newshour. ♪ geoff: former white house chief of staff mark meadows took a major gamble with his opening move in the fulton county election interference case. meadows took the stand himself. for nearly four hours yesterday, he testified he was just following orders from donald trump in helping to orchestrate efforts to investigate alleged fraud in the 2020 election, actions that prosecutors

describe as part of a criminal conspiracy to overturn the election results. meadows took the stand to argue that the criminal case against him should be moved to federal court. for insight, we turn to former federal prosecutor chuck rosenberg. it's always great to see you. it is a real risk for a defendant to take the stand at any point, especially during pretrial motion. was sent by mark meadows' only chance to get -- was testifying mark meadows' only chance to get this moved? dr. rosenberg: no, and he is still a defendant in a criminal case, so this could be used against him by prosecutors in a trial. did he have to testify? no, there are other ways for his team to have deduced the evidence that they want to use, show that he was a federal official and acting within the scope of his duty, in his effort to get his case moved to federal court. they must have made a calculation that the best way for and to do that would be

printed to testify. geoff: what is the benefit for mark meadows, if this case is moved from fulton county to federal court? dr. rosenberg: that's a great question. if he succeeds and gets the case removed, he could, pursuant to the supremacy clause, he could argue that because he was a federal official acting within the scope of his federal duty, the case against him ought to be dismissed. if a success -- if he succeeds in getting the case moved, that could be moved to federal court to dismiss the indictment against. meadows' testimony was contradicted immediately on the stand from testimony of brad raffensperger, who in georgia overseas s.a.t.'s elections. where meadows was saying "i was just doing my job," raffensperger said, he did not think it was appropriate to talk to donald trump. he initially tried to avoid that phone call. he characterized as a game plan call. he also said -- campaign call.

he also said outreach like this is extraordinary. how might a judge way those conflicting testimonies? dr. rosenberg: that gets to the crux of meadows' argument. if you was not acting to the scope of his duties as a federal official, white house chief of staff, it will be very hard for them to get his case removed. i'm sure, from mr. raffensperger's point of view, he never said anything quite like it. by the way, you know, witnesses do contradict one another. that happens. it's not unusual. it does not mean that either is lie. they certainly have a different perspective on what happened, but this is the key to mr. meadows' efforts to get the case removed, that he was acting within the scope of his duties, and mr. raffensperger was saying, "not in my opinion. it seems to be far outside of his realm." geoff: if the judge says this case will remain in fulton county, georgia, could a meadows

team appeal all the way up to the supreme court? i delay parts dr. rosenberg: -- is delay part of the strategy here? dr. rosenberg: delay is always to be defendants. if the motion to move his case to federal court, he can take an appeal. it does not have to take a long time. the record in this case is going to be relatively small. is that one day of testimony and depletings of each -- the pleadings of each side filed, i reckon the 11th court, could hear this and decided relatively quickly. geoff: there were conservative commentators today, making the case that d.a. fani willis overplayed her hand in charging meadows, because it creates a potential path for removal. do you see it that way? and could she have brought this sweeping racketeering charge without including mark meadows? dr. rosenberg: if you include federal defendants in a state

case, you ought to expect this motion. did she overplayed her hand? too early to tell. we had to see with the trial looks like when evidence is produced at trial and ultimately with the jury does with the case before it. is a broad case. what smitkova federal council, brought against mr. trump in federal court in washington, d.c., four counts, one defendant. that is a streamlined case. look, i can argue the pros and cons of either, but whether or not she overplayed her hand, to be determined. geoff: the judge in this case said it will continue as he makes decision about removal, is that right? dr. rosenberg: that's right. he said it will continue as if they are in state court, and they are, should we decide to remove it. and he might. that is a different matter, it is a different book with a whole different story. it will be a different procedural posture. but right now, they are in state

court. they are defendants in a criminal case in state court in fulton county, georgia, and they have 10 that until otherwise geoff: chuck rosenberg, you make everything so much clearer. [laughter] dr. rosenberg: only occasionally. geoff: thanks for coming. dr. rosenberg: yes, sir. ♪ amna: a federal hate crime investigation is underway after a gunman, who embraced racist, white supremacist ideology, shot and killed three black people at a dollar general store in a predominantly black neighborhood in jacksonville, florida. the victims of saturday's shooting include angela carr, a 52-year-old uber driver who was waiting outside the store, dollar general employee a.j. laguerre, who was only 19 and had recently graduated from high school, and 29-year-old jerald gallion, a customer who had planned to spend the rest of the weekend with his young daughter. meanwhile, the city is also

preparing for the impacts of hurricane idalia. joining me now is the mayor of jacksonville, donna deegan. matta mayor, welcome and thanks for joining us. i want to begin with your city's preparations for the hurricane, expected to make landfall for tomorrow. what can you tell us about how you are getting ready and what you are anticipating? mayor deegan: well, we declared a state of emergency, which will get us through tomorrow and thursday. we have six shelters. we are not offering or demanding evacuations at this point, because for most folks, they will probably be ok in their home. for people in low-lying areas or perhaps mobile homes, we have created shelters, so that they can go and make sure they feel safe. beyond that, we have our emergency crews, we expect to lose power in some places.

we expect some spotty flooding. please just try to hunker down for the next few hours. it should move pretty fast. we are hoping that this is mostly just -- for most of us, beyond isolated problems. amna: meanwhile, the community is still reeling from that horrific shooting this past weekend. it has only been three days. i have to ask, how is everyone in your community doing? mayor deegan: i think everyone is grief stricken. i would like to say "shocked," but we seen a lot of gun violence in our area. we seen a lot of gun violence in the state of florida and around the country. is disheartening to see the same community over and over again be affected by this. i think it is a situation where folks sort of have ptsd from everything they've been through, and i'm heartbroken for our community. amna: mayor deegan, it has been

noted the alleged gunman in his case had a 2016,, was convicted in 2017 a minor at the time, and was still able to legally purchase two ar-15 style weapons that were used in this attack. should we have been able to? mayor deegan: well, look, i don't believe that. i think it is far too easy to get these weapons of war. i don't understand why anybody really needs one. . but i thin of the day, -- but at the end of the date, that is the legal situation in florida. they are very easy to buy. this young man was able to find one relatively easily, and as you know, he had a manifesto that he wrote that was just full of hate for black people, and he took those guns, and he took the lives of three precious people here in our community. and i think it is so unfortunate that folks like him can buy guns as easily, especially given his background.

amna: governor desantis attended a vigil on sunday. he was booed by people in the community there. i want to point you toward a mine from the tinian -- from an opinion piece by columnist nate munro, who partly laid the blame , "war on woke and bill knifing diversity, equity, and inclusion and title of the fictitious chivalry of the nation's slaveholding founders, it is for awful people with awful ideas. mayor, do you agree with that, that that language contributes to these kinds of attacks? mayor deegan: look, i ran for this office on unity. i said that we needed to stop the divisive rhetoric. we need to stop having a "them vs. us" mentality, and i believe that divisive rhetoric, i believe the qualities that divide, i believe the saying that slavery may have been beneficial, things like that do

not help to bring our community together. i have to say that i am glad that governor desantis was here for that vigil. i was there also. and i think if we are ever going to have unity in our community and our state or in our nation, we have to begin communicating with each other. in at least, because he was here, he saw that pain, and i hope in some way that it may have affected him. amna: it is about bringing your community together. residents will also state is about making sure they feel safe. for black residents specifically, the long history of violence against black residents in florida, in jacksonville in particular, a number of southern cities, you had a fight in your city about removing confederate statues. there waere nazie hatins

there were nazis hanging flags last year. mayor deegan: the previous mayor to me had asked for them to come down. he removes one of those monuments. he was not able to remove the other one. by the time he left office, that had not happened. . we believe that should happen. goes monuments to white supremacy should go. that is certainly something that i'm focused on in my administration. amna: that is the mayor of jacksonville, florida, donna deegan. madam mayor, we are thinking of your community and hoping everyone stays safe in the path of this hurricane. you for your time. mayor deegan: thank you so much. ♪ geoff: the extreme weather events that have hit the u.s. and other countries this summer have cast a sharp spotlight on the role of climate change. in recent years, those same concerns have changed the way

that major investment firms and some companies do business. economics correspondent paul solman has more on the backlash. paul: on wall street, brad lander. brad: you protect your portfolio against risk. diversification protects you against concentration risks, looking at your environmental and social and governing risk protect you against other risks. paul: he sees over $250 billion in pensions and asset funds for new york city teachers, transit workers, and other public employees. if you have retirement obligations, pension obligations in decades, then climate risk is financial risk. paul: in his words, taking on risk, so-called esg risks, is his boushey every responsibility as a -- his boushey every as a long-term investor.

that includes reducing greenhouse gas in missions. brad: we've adopted a 0, 3 of our five funds will be that zero by the year 2040, so pretty soon. paul: in 2021, 3 of the five funds he oversees divesting $4 billion from fossil fuel stocks to mugabe risks associated with global warming, he says. brad: if we have disruption of food supply, inc. leased -- increased number of climate refugees, all of those have been financial costs. paul: by the end of last year, esg investments nationwide totaled 3.4 trillion dollars, 13% of full u.s. assets under professional management. >> incorporating factors within esg for us is just a matter of good, solid, prudent investment. paul: portfolio manager danna bossi applies the e,

environmental message -- methods. dan: if have climate change, companies selling solutions, there's opportunity to grow and be competitive but also have a favorable impact on society, and we see those as both sides of the same coin, in many cases. >> is an existential threat. paul: these days, there's political backlash as so-called "woke capitalism." >> it's not their job to pursue political agenda. paul: congressional republicans have taken up the issue. >> it's their job to actually manage the accounts for return on investment. paul:paul: a gop bill to prevent pension funds from considering esg prompted president biden's very first veto. so, states have taken of the anti-esg cause. gov. desantis: in florida, we signed legislation nixing esg from our pension funds, because we don't want political agendas

to interfere with the pensions about teachers, our firefighters, and police officers. paul: they fear, -- this year, 165 pieces of anti-yesterday legislation have been introduced, 22 of which have become law. >> investment at outfits that are not investing in the oil and gas industry from here , they are therefore then boycotting the oil and gas industry. paul: glenn hagar has a list of financial institutions now banned from doing business with a state government, because they boycott energy companies. glenn: if someone else can do this job, then go with those, don't go with the entity boycotting the oil and gas industry. paul: the texas comptroller's office has already full several billion dollars from investment giants black rocks and ubs -- blackrock and ubs. >> you would literally shut down most luncheons of the economy if we had no petroleum. paul: and in new hampshire --

>> i'm on the campaign trail, having some fun. paul: one time harvard undergrad wrapper, who went on to make mega millions in a hedge fund. he is now campaigning for president in part on anti-esg platform. >> what is actually driving a? it is the politicized demand, and that his political agenda masquerading as value maximization. paul: the esg backlashes having real impact on asset managers can include in the world's largest, blackrock, whose co chamoli re-think, is on the defensive -- ceo, larry fink, is only defensive. larry: it is not political, it is not "woke," is capitalism. paul: today, fink embraces esg,

and he's not alone. >> if a firm decides this is not appropriate and is willing to use their power to enforce that, many managers say ok, i'm going to be careful. at the release, i'm not going to talk much about it. paul: but how well have esg investments actually fared? in new york, four city employees sued the pension funds, alleging they reached their fiduciary duties. the fossil funds have done quite well. >> they had a brief window. if you look over a longer period of time, they have not been doing well at all, so funds or in a strong position. if you look at our one year, three-year, five your returns, they are very strong. even all the decisions we've made. paul: ramaswamy says he does not buy it. >> it is a farce. paul: the new york controller

tells me he's trying to invest in the long-term interests of his pensioners is lying? >> i believe he's not telling the truth, that is true. paul: but danna points to official data that his environmental-focus investment has paid off. dan: our strategy has outperformed the s&p 500 for 6.5 years. this idea that it is an ideological issue, for us, it is a clear agenda that is clear about the way the world is changing. paul: so i asked ramaswamy, if that ever the case that a company would say in good faith it is in the interest of our shareholders to maximize value by taking esg into account? mr. ramaswamy: maximize shareholder value, do whatever, but the real puzzle at the heart of this is why these particular three letters in the ackerman -- accra and had to be a one factor they take into account. that should race this is --

raise suspicion. paul: esg in general has legible returns in recent years, but proponents point to the long-term. >> it is if we are stuck in an old way of thinking about the world and old assumptions about how to make money, and that we just have not understood that the world is fundamentally changing. paul: henderson argues monetary returns are not the only metric you should be using. >> not to pay attention to what is happening to the climate, not to pay attention to the consequences of inequality of a society we are in, not to be aware of the new products and opportunities that dealing with these issues is going to create is to be beleaguered and shortsighted. paul: yet henderson is also skeptical of so-called brainwashing firms are used esg emailing as a marketing device. >> yeah. we need esg, go measure it, stick it in the pr department, and they are not really used to govern the firm, so that is true.

it is also true that some of the things that people are trying to measure are hard to measure. but, to me, that sounds like reasons to improve the measures, not to give it of them altogether. paul: in the end, the debate may come down to timeframe. shareholder value in the more knowable short run, in contrast to the less knowable but evermore threatening future. for the pbs newshour, paul solman. ♪ amna: a popular new podcast is bringing to light the abuses suffered at a fertility clinic at yale. lisa desjardins has our conversation. lisa: podcast series is called "the retrievals," and it probes a story with many layers, including how women can be ignored in medicine, and how they can doubt their own experiences. at the center is a fertility

clinic at yale university. in 2020, a nurse there secretly replaced vials of an opioid used to reduce pain during egg retrievals with saline solution. that meant the women felt the entire procedure, some describing excruciating agony, while the clinic downplayed or ignored their cries. susan burton is the host of "the retrievals" and reportedhis series for "the new york times" and serial productions. susan, thank you for joining us. the nurse involved, and she worked closely with these women but all the time, she was feeling encinal to feed her own addiction, so she was watching these women, allowing them to be in pain, and not only that, she was gas lighting them. here's what one woman you talked to told you. >> the next thing i remember is waking up in the recovery room, and i was in quite a bit of pain, more pain than i would have expected for an egg

retrieval, and donna was my nurse. i remember asking her if it is normal to be in that much pain, and she looked at me and she said yes. lisa: what did these women actually go through what they were being told? susan: sure. thanks for having me. the women were undergoing a procedure called an egg retrieval, where they are removed from the body and either fertilized or frozen, depending on what you are doing. the clinic to set an excavation that the women might experience some discomfort with this procedure, but what they described to me was severe, unexpected pain, either during or after the procedure. and, you know, in the absence of accurate information about what happens to them, right? because the nurse was keeping a secret that she was stealing fentanyl, many of the women blamed themselves or thought, this is just what women go through. lisa: many of the women you talked to, most of them in fact, it is of having children,

however, their experience still being dismissed. here's what another one of the women told you about that. >> after i delivered, i went in for my six week postpartum visit to visit with my doctor, and it somehow came up in conversation back i, you know, was part of this suit that was going on. and he looked at me, and he said, well, what's the big deal? i mean, you ended up pregnant? lisa: you have such commander over this podcast come and you call that kind of commanded an act of erasure. -- you have such command over this podcast, and you call that kind of command an act of erasure. susan: what is so interesting about this series is how the pain had been normalized about the egg retrieval procedure at this clinic.

to see the fact that doctors and nurses at this clinic, you know, almost expected that patient to feel some pain, that was one of the reasons that the nurse was able to hide what she was doing for so long. and when we talk about pain being ignored, you know, we often think about going to a doctor is saying, "i'm feeling this pain," and the doctor dismissing us. but not treating pain adequately in the first way is another way of saying, you know, it doesn't matter. lisa: you believe that as particulars of indian women? susan: i think women's pain -- is particular to them being women? susan: i think women's pain is treated differently than men spain, and that has to do with historical and cultural expectations of women as patients, that we are hysterical, unreliable narrators of our own symptoms. lisa: the nurse involved here was intense ultimately to eight days in prison.

she did also surrender her nursing license. you did not speak to her on the record how would you go about balancing her own story, she had her own addiction story that she presented in, around the other women? susan: that was, catered for me, as a reporter and as -- that was complicated for me, as a reporter and storyteller. the nurse herself told her own story in court documents, and her friends and family told their own stories about what happens to the nurse in character records, letters that he wrote to the judge. so that was the storytelling i was able to, you know, to allow her to explain what happened, from her perspective. lisa: and what was her story? susan: she told a story that involved a lot of conflict with her ex-husband and a look of stress around his caretaking of the children, and ultimately ended up being very fanatically

relevant, because what happened at the -- the matter relevant, because what happened at the sentencing, was the judge was taking her status as a mother into consideration. if the nurse had gone to prison, her ex-husband would likely have gotten custody of the children. this is a painful irony for a lot of the patients who were observers of this, because they were at the clinic because they want to become parents, become mothers. lisa: since the podcast aired, who have you heard from jacob susan: -- from? susan: the podcasts have really hurting her. i heard -- hit a nerve. i've heard from all kinds of listeners, patients clinic had experiences in medical settings, ranging in age from teenagers to women in their 70's, pain from iud insertions, birth trauma, all kinds of things. lisa: susan burton, thank you

for the many layers that you look at in this podcast. we appreciate it. susan: thank you, and thank you for having me. ♪ geoff: if you think landscape architecture, you might conjure gardens or parks, but in a rapidly changing environment, fueled by heat, flooding, and hurricanes, architect and designer kate orff is helping redefine her field and pushes toward adaptation solutions. jeffrey brown has this story for our arts and culture series. kate: we're here in tottenville, which was known as "the town the oyster built." jeffrey: a walk on the shore of staten island, new york, with landscape architect kate orff. but this is no "day at the beach." and despite the gentle lapping of water on a hot summer morning, this is anything but a healthy coastline.

in 2012, this area was overwhelmed by the storm surge caused by hurricane sandy, which caused widespread flooding in many parts of new york city. more than half of the 43 people killed were on staten island, and the destruction extended well inland. 11 years later, kate orff is watching the final stages of an experiment she hopes can point the way towards a healthier ecosystem and mitigate future disasters. it's called "living breakwaters." kate: the breakwaters are kind of a strategy about helping to slow the water, helping to clean the water, helping to replenish this incredibly eroded shoreline, actually reverse erosion, and then start to rebuild this kind of critical three-dimensional mosaic of subtidal and intertidal rock marine ecosystem that we have literally decimated in the new york harbor. it's down to about 1% of its

former extent. jeffrey: orff is founder of the design firm scape, based in lower manhattan. she is a leading voice in her field pushing efforts to address the climate crisis and its many impacts. she was the first landscape architect to receive a macarthur genius award, directs the urban design program at columbia university, and this year was named to the "time 100" of the most influential people in the world. one mantra -- adapting to a changing climate requires adapting her own profession. kate: it requires rethinking our training, our perspective, our assumptions about what is land, what is water, what is engineering, what is art? i think every profession today is now your, your existing profession plus climate emergency. jeffrey: you use the term "climate adaptation" behind a lot of what you're after. what does "climate adaptation" mean? kate: climate adaptation in the built environment means, you

know, looking with a clear-eyed view at what we have built now and where we have built, and how can we, knowing that all of these sort of factors are in flux, what can we do to look at that built environment in a synthetic and holistic way and try to make adaptations to make us safer in the future? and a lot of times, you know the answers are murky. jeffrey: like the waters of raritan bay, where the "living breakwaters" are being constructed, with $107 million in funding by new york state and the federal government. the idea -- build a set of barriers that will hold back water, with eight partially submerged structures of stones and concrete. a non-profit called the "billion oyster project" will seed the structures with oyster larvae, eventually re-creating an oyster reef, a return to an earlier era, when oysters were an enormous part of new york's

economy and natural ecosystem. the oyster as an answer to a lot of these problems? kate: this would have been a thriving saltmarsh. you would have had oyster reefs covering the bay. jeffrey: which would have prevented erosion. kate: right. and these intact landscape systems protect and sustain us. full stop! and so the oyster is a keystone of that landscape. and the reason is, it is, you know, it kind of can create reefs, it can build up, it can, you know, form wave-attenuating reefs. it's food for migrating birds. it creates shallow waters for the horseshoe crab. it kind of sets into motion these more sort of shallow, intertidal protective landscapes. jeffrey: so the idea is millions or a billion oysters create a new ecosystem. kate: right. and we have to start, so oyster is the first step. it's not the answer, but it is a first step.

jeffrey: it's a step that's catching on, including a similar, smaller project, highlighted on the newshour recently, underway in louisiana. orff herself is working at sites around the country and, more and more, the globe. mostly small-scaled, client-driven projects. but she wants to work -- and wants us to think -- bigger. a mississippi river national park, for example, bold, transformative ideas for the american landscape. if all of this is so obvious, why isn't it the norm? what are the barriers? kate: the barriers are many, right? these big projects that we need to conceive of that may cross state boundaries, they may cross watersheds, they certainly will cross city boundaries. they're really more at a regional scale. kind of don't have an "owner," if you will, or a way to kind of nest into the system. jeffrey: what's your job in making us see it differently? kate: right, well, i think so much of the rhetoric around climate change is, "you can't do

that!" or "you can't do this." "you can't drive this way, you can't put your house on this coastline." jeffrey: and then people say -- kate: and then people react. but i really see this incredibly beautiful, rich, textured environmental future that we should be running towards. jeffrey: when you talk about changing the way landscape architecture or other parts of the design world are done, you include activism. kate: that's right. we can't just be passively accepting and assuming, you know -- what's coming on the plate is not what needs to be done. we need to be defining the projects that are happening or that are coming our way. and so -- jeffrey: you mean you want to be putting the projects forward or designs, rather than waiting. kate: yes! i want to be suggesting what needs to happen! jeffrey: another part of her practice -- education at all levels. the project engages schools on staten island to get young students involved. knowledge and ownership, she believes, are fundamental to any future change.

kate: there's this sense of despair, frankly. there's a sense of, "i'm inheriting a world that i did not make and that i am now responsible for." and i just feel like it's too much of a cop-out to say to the next generation, "oh, you know, you're going to be the solvers." that's really not fair. i really want to feel like they, you know, that we are making a huge difference and that we're at least setting a pathway that these students feel like they can, they can see themselves on. jeffrey: her hope -- one day soon that will include enjoying a healthy and inviting beach near home. completion of the living breakwaters is expected by the end of next year. for the pbs newshour, i'm jeffrey brown on staten island, new york. amna: and that is the newshour for tonight. i'm amna nawaz. geoff: and i'm geoff bennett, thanks for spending part of your evening with us.

>> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> pediatrics, volunteer, topiary artist, taylor's advice to help you live your life. life well-planned. ♪ >> carnegie corporation of new york, supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the development of international peace and security, at carnegie.org. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.] this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪

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♪ hello, everyone, and welcome to "amanpour and company" from odesa, ukraine. here's what's coming up tonight. a postcard from odesa. how life continues in war-torn ukraine. and my visit to a rehab center. then -- caught in the