♪ john: tonight onweend, nationaly adviser jake sullivan sits down with nick shifrin to talk about the wars in ukraand ghe cservata challenge to an illinois city's

groundbreaking reparations program. and a graphic novelist whose books try to reassure anxious adolescents that they are not alone. >> i am just trying to write for my own in her nine-year-old and kind of gear sure that she is going to get through a stressful experience. >> mun f pps onsurla, this isroded by -- sam. how may i help yxhis is pocket . >> you get nationwide coverage wh n contr >>ave a nice day. >> and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions.

aw this progr was made possible by the corporation of public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs new station from viewers like you. thank you. john: good evening. i am john yang. the israeli military says it will limit fighting in a small area of southern gaza in order to allow more aid to reach thousands desperately in need of food. daytime military operations will pause along a seven mile stretch of road between the kerem shalom sing with israel and stined for gaza swed when

ralose the raw fol national secitysight - vir jake sullivan played a key le heet on one-on- with foirs and correspondent nick shifrin. >> defense forces announcement this morning of what they are calling a technical humanitarian pause from 8:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. every day, from the crossing between israel into gaza going toward russia -- rough -- rafah. how significant is that? >> it is significant. this is a good and appoint step because we met a huge amount of progress getting into gaza, including work that president biden did to get kerem shalom back open a few weeks after the

rafah the issue now has been getting aid around gazao food, mice, and water. this technical pause will allow for the free flow of the hurian tracks, without a ncern foreing td. this is something that the israeli def forces deserve credit for in the.nesves credit for, as well. >> the you and blames israel for trucks, and there is still at of shortage of trucks inside of gaza. this does not change, does it? >>now, the issue of just the number of trucks has remained a persistent problem, one that we have worked to try to solve by increasing the flow, not just the flow in and out of trucks but the overall stock of trucks that can move goods around gaza. we've made some progress in that regard, working with the u, ht in.ntracts for new t to

ers me equire of a i zo like this, there's always going to beficu i the distbuf hutariaid. that ishye ha s hard to encourage theíp isrlis to takevery possible, including pauses to help make life as easy as possible for humanitarian organs. >> but i see you're still calling for the idf to take as many steps as they can to alleviate the challenges. >> of course w a. d even beyond that, and thi get to a fully satisfactory humanitarian situation until cease-fire beard that his wife prident biden has called for a cease-fire and hostage deal. he liked to see an end to the hostilities a w. it is on that circumstance of the people of gaza can be fully to the humanitari needs at they so badlyave been struggling to get over the course of the past several months. >> let's move to switzerland and ukraine. what can you accomplish at a

peace summit that russia has attending question nor is china, and kenya are calling oay. ine. >> ukraine has made clear, president zelinski has made clear, including here in switzerland, that this world -- this war will have to be determined at the negotiating table. battlefield.s a t so it is in as strong a position undation f a just pea,snaalrgano but on single psiti. nnotake ory byforce s that i the united its a core of international law. sovereignty has to be respected. the facthat you have a broad chorus of countries, not justomd

states but from around the world saying this, that will strengthenkrne'shen it aine to dide wh andto u and how it occurs. >> you said that china is not here because it obliged putin. who is calling the shots? >> each country makes its own decision, but it looks to us sa pa't go and cnao chi we think that is not the positive sign for the commitment to a just peace and ukraine, because russia only gets more and more extreme in its demands, including with what putin said recently. if you look at the range of countries present here and the basic outcome of the summit, which is a reaffirmation of the u.n. charter principles china signed up to, china should be here. china should be supporting adjust peace based on those principles in the fact it is sidi wh sh on this issue, i think it is not a positive

development. >> more of ck's ersation will be on tom summertime activities in two states erupted into summertime violence this weekend. and alter tatian at a juneteenth event in round rock, texas, late last night with two people dead and sick -- an altercation left two people dead and s. w nine people were wounded in shooting at a suburban detroit splash pad part wereamilies had gathered in tat. two brother, four years old and eight euros -- years old, and their motr main hospitalized or the gunman killed himlf. the incident appeared toe random and the suspect had a history of mental health challenges. stord a detention cente aer

inmates took twords hoage. it happened southern russia. vel of the inmates were acd ks tthe islamic stat. local news outlets see some of the prisoners were kil this is the second deadl attk yo the is s. in march, gunman killed 100 45 ople at a concert hall in suburban moscow. an oil spill at one of siapo'most famous ages rand ewpill after dutch flagt a stationary friday.rean fuel supply ship on ocean currents pushed the oil on about the effect coksave on yous in on this day thonorone man ei.

>> thiis pbs news weekend home s newsour, weeknights, pbs. >> wednesday is juneteenth, the federal holiday celebrating the in america.of enslaved people this year it comes amid renewed debate aboutepat for the ofple ensl and victims of jim crow laws well into the 20th century. the chicago suburb of evanston, illinois, beca the first he was in 2021 to offer reparations to elect americans for past housing discrimination. now a conservative legal group is challenging the programming court, sang it unconstitutionally discriminates against residents who are not like. let's go to our meer staon in chicago. give assistance of the background of this program. who qualifies for it and how

much money is beid out? >> thi came out ti after 2020, of course, when a lot of cities were starting to talk about reparations in a way we had not in the past. evanston's measure requires that anyone 18 or older and was a resident of the city of evanston between 1919 and 1969 oryza descendant of a resident between the same time period is eligible to receive the benefit. $25,000 initially to go towards using, so tstart of th$20: millionhathe city has pledged as a housing initiative were folks who fit the bill can either make a down payment on a new house or they can do repairs,ntenan, upgrades to their homes or use that fund use tse funds to pay back if they owe penalties to the city. at this point, initially some of that rollout was a bit slow. but i t aromately 3 min or so has been paid out thus far.

last year, the city also added on to that where the same group could receive a $25,000 direct cash payment pport f this in evanston? >> there is quite ait noeveryone was supportive. some folks argued it this is a package for the mortgage lenders and for the banks and the city, you know, the folks iving the $25. later on, there washe $25 yo do not hear a lot of opposition in the area. i think a lot of folks are still waiting to seeeyth gets passed out, as it g distributetose who are elible, to see theef a how itaspe them. john: fo t dw evanston, describe it for us,po. >> enston jt nor of the city of chicago on what lled the northho, th shore, just outside they. some folks call it urban light.

it is still a tiving surb. northwestern universy is in potically, it isy blue, as a lot a lot of chicago, chicago proper. once you get farther and farther out, the politics start to change color g bit. john: the conservative legal group judicial watch is bringing this suit. what is their argument? >> their argument is -- i mean, i have read reverse racism. their main argument is that because of the 14thme thathis, the reparations pack is a violation of the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment because the city of evanston uses race as a proxy as a determining factor whether or not someone experienced racism. i think some critics of that argument would say the city of evanston has admitted to its role in racism between the years of 1919 and 1s ha many the cenants, restrictiveor not.

covenants that prevented black people from living in certain neighborhoods, the redlining, the federal govt e mortgage lenders in that prevented that. so that ishe main argument or the other part is they believe the federal government does not have a compelling interest in making integration happen. the plaintiffs argued that they, to shoul receive the $25,000 payment. so i think they're ask for an injunction against this legislation. john: is there a and -- is there any sense at the plaintiffse emboldened by the supreme court's rejection of race or college admissions? >> the attorney that i spoke with his locally based but works with traditional watch. yes, ink that is part of their argument. ey belve the supreme court has said race cannot be a factor in determining these kinds of things. so they are certainly leaning on the supreme court argument. john: what does the city say about the suit? >> kind of quiet, not responding tohe suit itself, which is not a huge surprise.

a lot of times when cities face legal suits like this, there prevented from speaking about the suit itself. but they have said that they defend their legislation and that they are proud to have been the first city in the country to pass a reparations package, and john: first citin the country toass reparations. but will this be closely watched, this challenge? >> absolutely. there are oer cities, even the state of california considering implt their own reparations ppae wahing this to see how far the case goes and what is decided and how it might impact others. john: thanks very much. >> thank you. ♪ john: graphic novelist raina te lgemeier has been described like

the beles for teenagers. puncesheyoung fans have been known to stand on chairs, jump up and down, and wait in long lines for her autograph. she writes about feelings andng emions they not wanto or even know how to talk about with adults, adolescent anxiety, loan business, loneliness, and embarrassment i recently sat down with telgemeier and talked about her work and her legion and fans. her book raina, and that is the name of the main charaer. >> tirhort stories about ings that ppeno li, so i'm t iting out my to me.gsstuf that happen i am just pug it in there for good or for bad. so if it happens to raina in the book, it has happene to me in real life.

john: i read about how you you were a small girl. it sounded like self prescribed a p. younjoy your nightmares. >> i would, yeah. i mother tells the story that she made this blanket for m data tnsfer process were shend would put the drawinginto a biglt, so the quilt had 12 is on it. then she had it made and got a ck i the mail and gave it to me as this bootable gift. i saw the blanket and started to cry bau every drawing she had chosen that look like fantastic images to her, there were things i was scared of. iad been a chi to oceson paper. so sheut the blank away f a while. but i have it now, and now am able t look at it and i do not remember those nightmares, don't john: but you still drawngs you are afraid of, for instance, in guts, raina talks about her sort ofiety ce about throwing up, vomiting, and drinfrom that. is that still what you are

doing? me fears from my childhood. i have done a lot of work and life experience as an adult has but i'm still able to remember pret child who was afraid of things and to be able to steback inside of those fears. in doing so, still to this day, i will feel my way through and experience in order to draw it. so i do have too through those same emotions as the creator now. john: in sisters, you talk about nothing -- sort of mundane, the daily friction of siblings. talk about that. do you havblings? i do. i'm the oldest of three. i have a sister who is about five years younger than me and a brother who is eight years r. me -- expected me to be the perfect sibli or role model, but i action wanted to play with them. i was excedo have ny membs, new friends to play with. but they were individual people,

too, a they did not always care about the stuff i did p so i would be like, wt do you , yo don't want to play this boa ge with me? come on. but my sister and i both loved to draw, so that was something we had in common from an early age. it might have given us tt bi a competi edge when we were younger, but it was something we loved doing together, and language we share. john: we talked about the reaction of your fans a public appearances. does that surprise you? >> i have been doing it long enough now that it has kind of come with me. a lot of these kids are grown up with my books, but younger ones keep discovering them. so there's never a shortage. i will always have ni-year-olds who can talk about how they're feeling the big feelings and they can remain to -- they can relate to rna and the other characters. it surprises me that it has not changed. it has gotten bigger in the last 10 years. john: readers and viewers talk about they feel there's someon

else like me. is that your mainison? is that what you want peopl to take away from your books? >> i do not think it is what i take -- think about when i am writing. i just try to write for my own in her nine-year-old, and to reassure her that she will get through a stressful experience or anxiety attack and focus on the moment. so when talking to my ung self, i talk to these kids come as well. john: what do your fans tell you meet them? >> they say things like thank you, i am so glad you wrote this book, i'm so glad i had this book to comfort me during a tough experience. or a lot of kids tell me that they did not care about reading. they were not interested in books. they never read a book they left until they read smile and guts or drama, now they are a reader and love read. if i can even be just a piece of that puzzle for one kid, then i have done my job. john: let's talk about the forbade -- the format. it is a graphic novel appeared what drew you to that? was about nine.me -- com

before that, i love actors and animation and reading. it was like allf my things together in one format i could do on my own. i did not have to hire someone else to do art or a voice or produce a film. i could just sit down with my pencil and paper and make a story that had all of the things i lovedn it. so i started making my own coett -- comics at about nine or 1 and i never stopped. i did it eryr hool as a way to process my day and riendsnd what i had been feeling. so i did not realize, but i was practicing every day for the job i would eventually have. so it is not that i startedsomei have always been. john: have you ever thought about writing for adults that may have been like rna? ha thought about it, b i has never come to pass yet. i usually take at least a decade to process a major experience

write about covid and theill experience and a of usust lived through? and i think if i d and might be another 10 years from now before i am ready and can see what i learned during that time. john: you mentioned covid, you mention so much going on with oongs, about thehl at change, things like th. youeel in way that what you write about is particularly apfor outi i think it worked out that way. but i t there have always been kids were sensitive and always, you know, their anxiety has probably been around as long as human beings have. it is nice to be able to put a spotlight on what is going on on the inside, because were talking about these big events and these but not necessarily how they are feeling about it. showing them that it's ok to talk about it, showing them it is ok to express your feelings on the outside, that's part of what i thinkldikto give the world, if i may.

hn: thank you very much. >> thank you, john. father's day, an animated feature from our partners that story cor. dr. william lynn reaver, renowned surgeon, helped integrate a knoxville high schooln 1964. saihe fel saf andicult tim ted weaver, who worked longher, hour as a janitor and chauffeur. dr. weaver, who died in 2019, remembered his father's influence in this 2007 conversation with his daughter kimberly. >> my father was everything to me, and it is actually kind of difficult talking about him without becoming very emotional.

up until he died, every decision i made, i always called him, and he would never tell me what to do, but he would re-sentence it appeared what do you want to do? he made me feel like i could do anything i wanted to do. i remember when we integrated to schools, many times i was just scared, and i did not think i would survive. and i would look up and he would be there. whenever i saw him, i knew that i was safe. i always tell you that your mama is the smartest person i ever met, but i think my father is right up there. taking algebra and i was sting at the kitchen table trying to do my work. i got frustrated and said i just cannot figthis out. i father sai what is what's the? i said it is this algebra. he said let me look at it, and i

said, dad, they didn't even have algebra in your time. i went to sleep. around 4:00 in the morning, he woke me up and said, come on, son, get up. he sat me at the kitchen table and taught me algebra. what he had done is sat up all night and read the algebra book. then he explained the problems to me so i could do them and understand them. and to this day, i live my life trying to be half the man my father was, just half the man. d ild be cc of my children left me half as much as i love my faer. ♪ john: now online, how researchers and medical experts are trying to better understand llngnancies in themany a

united states end in miscarriage , pborg/newshour/.more is on at is pbs news week and for this sunday. on monday,orm hiffernd'snterew with on security adviser jake sullivan. i am john yang. for all my colleagues, thanks fors.oini have a geek. >> major funding have been provided by - and with th ong this program was made possible byhe corporation of public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.] ♪

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>> please stay tuned for kqed's local ticket we'd like to thank you for donating with tickets to experience the bay area's railway's roaring camp. railad travels over trestles, through redwood groves and up a winding, the skunk train travels through the redwoods