wow, you get to watch all your favorite stuff. it's to die for. now you won't miss a thing. this is the way. xfinity internet. made for streaming. amna: good evening. i'm amna nawaz. geoff: and i'm geoff bennett on the news hour tonight, former president trump's sentencing in his hush money case is delayed until after the election. how that could affect the presidential race. amna: the united states adds a modest number of jobs in august, but the unemployment rate falls, painting a mixed picture of the overall economy.

>> the issue that we've been grappling with for a little bit now is the job market is cooling, but it was started from a level that was probably too hot. geoff: and with many schools in ruins, teachers in gaza struggle to educate children in tents and makeshift classrooms. >> major funding for the pbs news hour has been provided by -- the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and for the good, including jim and nancy wilner, and of the robert and virginia schiller foundation. the judy and peter bloom kohler foundation, of holding by strengthening democracies at home and abroad. >> >> the john s. and james l.

knight foundation, fostering engaged communities. more at kf.org. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ and friends of the news hour. ♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. geoff: welcome to the news hour. the 2024 presidential campaign is entering the final weekend before the critical first debate between donald trump and kamala harris. amna: while the vice president huddles with her team for debate prep, the republican nominee was

in federal court fighting to overturn a guilty verdict, while another case saw a big delay. john yang begins our coverage. john: the former president began his day with a familiar legal battle. >> no one is above the law. john: in new york city, trump and his lawyers asked a federal appeals court to overturn a $5 million verdict -- that found him liable for sexual abuse and defamation of the columnist e. jean carroll. she accused him of raping her nearly three decades ago. today, trump lashed out against the accusations, and again claimed, without evidence, that the lawsuit was politically motivated. >> i'm running for president, and i have all these cases, all of a sudden, come out. and they're fake cases and they report back to doj. john: in another courtroom, a legal win in a different case, for now. a manhattan judge delayed trump's sentencing in his hush money case until after the november election. it had been scheduled later this month. by afternoon, trump was back in

a battleground state, north carolina, making his case to the fraternal order of police. >> with your help, we will restore public safety to our streets. we will bring back law and order to our nation. john: his democratic opponent, vice president kamala harris, spent her day in pittsburgh, out of the public eye but gearing up for next week's presidential debate. today, the harris-walz campaign announced that in august it had raised a staggering $361 million. that's nearly triple what trump took from donors in the same month, $130 million. harris begins the home stretch to election day with $404 million on hand to spend. days after announcing her support for harris, former representative liz cheney said harris has the vote of another prominent republican, her dad. >> do you care to share with us who he might be voting for? >> dick cheney will be voting for kamala harris. [applause]

john: as the campaign enters the final two month sprint, voting can officially begin as the first absentee ballots hit mailboxes in north carolina today. for the pbs news hour, i'm john yang. ♪ stephanie: i'm stephanie sy with news hour west. here are the latest headlines. the teenager charged in wednesday's shooting that killed four people at apalachee high school in georgia made his first court appearance today. so did his father. the two were arraigned separately in back-to-back hearings, while families of the victims were seated in the front row. the suspect's father, colin gray, faces charges of involuntary manslaughter and second-degree murder for providing a firearm to his son while knowing he was a threat to himself and others. the 14-year-old suspect will be tried as an adult. both will remain in custody after their lawyers decided not

to seek bail. the white house is calling on israel to investigate the death of an american citizen in the occupied west bank today. witnesses say the 26-year-old woman was shot by israeli troops during an anti-settlement protest. doctors say she was struck in the head and later died in a hospital. in a statement, the idf wrote that its forces "responded with fire toward a main instigator of violent activity who hurled rocks" and that it's "looking into reports that a foreign national was killed." secretary of state antony lincoln said u.s. officials are gathering more information on what happened. >> we deplore this tragic loss. i have no higher priority than the safety and protection of american citizens around the world, wherever they are, something i take the utmost seriousness. so, when we have more info, we'll share it, make it available and, as necessary,

we'll act on it. stephanie: meanwhile, israel appears to have withdrawn from several west bank refugee camps after a military operation that lasted more than a week and left dozens dead. residents of the jenin camp described the destruction as the worst they've ever seen. israel says it was targeting militants to curb attacks against its civilians. a pakistani citizen was arrested in canada this week for allegedly plotting to kill jews in new york city. the u.s. department of justice alleges mohammed khan began posting on social media about his support for isis last november, telling two undercover officers about a coordinated assault using ar style rifle's. the attack was planned for around october 7 of this year, the anniversary of the first hamas on israel. defense secretary lloyd austin says the u.s. will provide $250 million in additional weapons to ukraine.

austin made the announcement in germany today. and president volodymyr zelenskyy once again pushed for permission to use long-range weapons to strike targets deeper inside russia. u.s. officials fear such attacks could escalate the war. speaking to reporters today, austin defended the administration's position. >> we've said all along, there's no one capability that will in and of itself be decisive in this campaign. each time we point out that it's not just one thing, it's a combination of capabilities and how you integrate those capabilities to achieve objectives. stephanie: the chinese government says it will no longer allow international adoptions of its children, except in the case of blood relatives adopting a child or stepchild. a chinese foreign ministry said the decision is "in line with the spirit of relevant international conventions." the u.s. state department says

it is seeking clarification on how the decision will affect hundreds of american families with pending applications. back here in the u.s., president biden signed an executive order that prioritizes projects with labor agreements, wage standards, and benefits to receive federal grants. the order establishes a task force to meet those aims. critics say the action will increase costs and exclude non-union workers. california governor gavin newsom vetoed a bill today that would have made certain undocumented immigrants eligible for home loans. the veto comes a day after former president donald trump said he would ban undocumented immigrants from obtaining mortgages if he wins re-election. newsom said he vetoed the measure for budget reasons. at the paralympic games in paris today, british cycling star sarah storey added a 19th gold medal to her storied career. the 46-year-old actually won her first paralympic gold as a

swimmer at the barcelona games back in 1992. china set a new world record in the qualifying heat in the four-by-100 meter universal relay. they went on to win gold in the event, which features two men and two women, each with different disabilities. and team usa's hunter woodhall took home gold in the men's 400 meter. his wife, tara davis-woodhall, herself a gold medalist in the paris games, was there to cheer him on. and a passing of note, celebrated brazilian musician sergio mendes has died. the grammy-winning pianist, songwriter, and arranger was one of his country's biggest stars, bringing bossa nova to a global audience. ♪ stephanie: his biggest hit was a cover of the song "mas que nada" with his group, brasil 66. mendes was still performing in

2023, but spent months dealing with the effects of long covid before his death. sergio mendes was 83. still to come on the news hour, david brooks and kimberly atkins stohr weigh in on the week's political headlines. the u.s. special envoy for sudan on global efforts to aid millions of people displaced by the country's civil war. and several deaths at the start of school football seasons raise more questions about the sport's risks. >> this is the pbs news hour from weta studios in washington, and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. geoff: the latest jobs report shows the labor market is definitely cooling off. the u.s. added 142,000 new jobs last month and the unemployment rate dipped slightly to 4.2%. overall, the report was better than july, but with revisions

and other data coming out this weak, it shows a job market that is notably cooler than this past winter. all of this is being closely watched as the fed prepares to cut rates later this month. austan goolsbee is the president of the federal reserve bank of chicago. welcome back to the news hour. >> thank you so much for having me. geoff: so what's clear from the data is that the job market is slowing down. what's your overall read of this report and what it says about the strength of the u.s. economy? >> the issue that we've been grappling with for a little bit now is the job market is cooling, but it was started from a level that was probably too hot. so, what we need is to get it stabilized at a steady state, full employment kind of a level and there's a couple of warning signs here that as the job markets keep cooling and if we get more months that are below

what we expected, like this month, or they revised what were already disappointing months in the previous two months downward, the more we see that, the more nervous we might want to be on what's happening on the state of the economy. geoff: so, how aggressive should the fed be when it comes to cutting rates at this meeting that's scheduled for later this month? >> you know the rules. i'm not allowed to speak for anybody else on the committee, only for myself. i think we set a high interest rate more than a year ago, and we've been sitting there with this high rate this whole time, and the conditions more than a year ago when we said it were very different than they are today. the inflation rate is something like half what it was back then, and we set it that high to try to get rid of inflation. and the job market has cooled significantly. my expectation is what's appropriate is multiple rate cuts over the next several

meetings, that if you look out over the year, you only want to be this tight as a central bank if you're afraid that the economy is overheating, and this isn't what overheating looks like. if anything, it's overcooling. geoff: there are some economists, some of whom we've spoken to on this program, who say that the fed is behind the curve, that rate cuts at this point won't help the economy in time, and that any rate cuts need to be significantly larger. where are you on that? >> i think the hardest thing for a central bank ever is to figure out exactly the timing. so, what we're trying to determine is, are we behind the curve? are we on the curve? what is to come? it's not just a backward looking thing, and we don't chatgpt-style say, well, if the job market number is x, then that means y at the next meeting.

but i think we've got to take seriously the idea that if you look at the long arc of the data, it's pretty clear what's happened. inflation has come way down. the job market has cooled, and if we do not start moving with a pace at getting the rates back to something like normal, we're going to increasingly have problems on the real side of the economy. geoff: a question about one aspect of that long arc of the data, to use your phrase, if you look at the job revisions downward over the last three months, we've been creating an average of about 115,000 jobs a month. and that's down quite a bit from last winter. are you confident that we're not sliding too much and heading into a possible recession? >> that's the fear. i would express -- i don't express confidence about predictions. the job of central banker is to worry about everything.

but that's the primary worry, is that with the slowing of the job creation and the rise of the unemployment rate, that it won't stabilize at something like where it is now. if everything stopped and the unemployment rate was 4.2% and we had 150,000 jobs a month and that just continued, that would be fine. that would be kind of a steady state, full employment type rate that people have expected. the great fear is that it just keeps cooling and it gets worse, and that's what we got to try to guard against. geoff: i want to also ask you about the commercial real estate sector, because there are questions about whether the problems in that sector might spread. there are some analysts who believe that office buildings are never going to recover to their pre-pandemic levels and that you'll have banks and investors eating the losses, hundreds of billions of dollars potentially. how do you see that? >> look, the office sector has been troubled. there's no question.

you go to the downtowns of a lot of big cities and the vacancy rates are higher than what they were pre-pandemic, for sure, and part of that's got to be sorted out. how much are people going to work from home, work from hybrid? what are going to be the demands for space? the important thing over 2023 after silicon valley bank collapsed, there was a fear that the office real estate issue was going to come to a head and be a real credit crunch on the banking sector. that largely didn't happen. i think it's a safe -- safety and soundness supervision is a core function of the fed, and the bank examiners are on top of these issues, and that's not separate from what happens to the rates if the rates are coming down. it makes it easier to refinance buildings to incur whatever

losses have to be incurred and to get on with it. so, we'll just have to see how those play out in the contest of the rates. -- in the context of the rates. geoff: austan goolsbee is president of the federal reserve bank of chicago. thanks for being with us. >> thank you. ♪ amna: it's back to school season, and last night, we brought you a report on israeli children displaced from their homes and schools by the war and violence. but in gaza, 625,000 children have no school to return to at all. most of gaza's 560 schools have been damaged or destroyed. more than half have been directly hit by israeli forces, who say schools have been used as shelter by hamas militants. as nick schifrin reports, with producer shams odeh, in gaza, the few remaining schools are now shelters for the displaced. nick: in deir al-balah in central gaza, the classroom is a

tent. and the students, displaced children of war. proud to contribute, eager to learn in a class rather than from the conflict they've been forced to endure. >> we're trying to provide relief for children through education and play so they feel better mentally. nick: taha ibrahim is an elementary school teacher, himself displaced, and volunteer with a french sponsored program for kids. >> as educators, we're trying to help students remember what they have learned, and at the same time, try and cheer them up and relieve them from the pressure they're under, despite ongoing bombing and displacement. nick: in a neighboring tent, 8-year-old triplets lana, batul, and leen abu asee with their younger sister bisan have a message for kids around the world starting school this week.

>> we're supposed to go to school. everyone is going back to school, except us in gaza. you're so lucky. nick: they have lost their home and been displaced multiple times, but have held onto their dreams. >> i wanted to be a doctor because i want to help people who aren't feeling well. >> when i grow up, i want to be a teacher so i can teach kids and they can learn. nick: and so, the triplets leave their canvas home in the al zawaida camp, which has been their refuge for months, and cross just a few steps over the sand to arrive at their canvas school. tent classrooms like these are all that gaza's children have in a war where the u.n. says more than 9,500 children enrolled in schools have been killed. gazans say the entire educational infrastructure has been eviscerated. the u.n. says at least 85% of gaza's schools have been directly hit or damaged.

and in this war, and in every more, u.n. schools transform to shelters for nearly 2 million displaced. like the abu hamisa school in al bureij camp. classrooms once filled with students now home to families with nowhere else to go. clothes rather than chalk. dishes rather than drawings. a kitchen and a bedroom, all piled up in a corner. >> when we used to go to school, they would teach us that school is our second home. but now, it is in fact our only home. nick: onana abu al khair was studying to be a dentist at one of gaza's top schools, al azhar university, seen here before the war -- -- and today. the un says all of gaza's 12 universities have been damaged or destroyed. israel blames hamas for living

in and fighting from residential buildings and using schools-turned-shelters for cover. despite it all, onana abu al khair tries not to forget what she's learned or what she's lost. >> gaza was beautiful with its people, busy streets, and food. we want to go back to that because we cannot get used to the situation we're in right now. we are not resilient. we are forced and obliged to live this way. nick: her mother, suhair abu al khair. >> it's as if we're dying slowly while still alive. we want these young kids and students whose life was taken away from them to be able to live again. so they can get up, get dressed, wear their uniforms, eat breakfast, and go to school, see their teachers and their friends, study and excel. nick: but those are dreams deferred. unicef estimates all of gaza's children, 1 million people, need

mental health and psychosocial support. they have seen too much and had to grow up too fast. maryam al nabahin is four. >> our home was bombed and there were injured people. there were rocks, little tiny rocks. i wish i could go to kindergarten and for the war to end and have a new home. nick: but for so many, there's no going back -- back home, back to school, back to what childhood is supposed to be. for the pbs news hour, i'm nick schifrin. ♪ geoff: donald trump is granted a political reprieve after the judge overseeing his new york criminal case delays his

sentencing. that is as kamala harris picks up new republican support. on that and more, we turn tonight to the analysis of brooks and atkins stohr. that's new york times columnist david brooks and boston globe columnist kimberly atkins stohr. jonathan capehart is away. great to see you both. as i just said, former president donald trump will not be sentenced in his new york criminal case until after election day. the judge in that case explained that his decision to delay the sentencing was in part to avoid any appearance of affecting the outcome of the presidential race. kimberly, i will come to you first because in addition to being a political analyst and opinion writer, you are a former trial attorney. did judge merchan get it right? kimberly: i think he did. he could have gone either way. i think there are arguments in either direction to keep the sentencing where it was or push it off, but one thing a judge wants to do is make sure the rulings he makes stick, and i think the fewer -- the less obfuscation or appeals or

kerfuffle that can happen before the election, the better. it doesn't really do that much difference to put it off until after the election. remember, we are not talking about a likely prison sentence here. we are talking about something that will be below that, maybe at this probation, some fines. i think it was the right decision just to keep it out of the political sphere entirely. geoff: david, you could argue this does affect the election in the sense that donald trump's criminal convictions will likely not be at the forefront of the campaign in the final weeks to election day. and delay has been a feature of each of his criminal cases. david: i believe it would affect the election. if i had any evidence that any of these elections has affected anything, i haven't had evidence of it. then when the conviction in new york, potentially the sentencing, we just have not seen that much movement. people have their views of donald trump's morality pretty

much locked down. the people who will decide the election are not high engagement voters. for those of us in this business, it is worth reminding ourselves that it can be misleading to follow the campaign day today because we think things are happening, but for most voters, nothing is happening. who is better on the economy? who is better on foreign policy? who is better for me? a lot of these events, they are come and go. geoff: donald trump is drawing attention for the way he answered a question about his childcare plan yesterday. he was asked at the economic club of new york how he would handle childcare legislation if elected president. here is part of his nearly two minute long answer. >> i think when you talk about the kind of numbers that i'm talking about, that -- because childcare is childcare. that something you have to have in this country. but when you talk about those numbers compared to the kind of numbers that i'm talking about by taxing foreign nations at levels that they're not used to, but they'll get used to it very

quickly, and it's not going to stop them from doing business with us. but they'll have a very substantial tax when they send product into our country. those numbers are so much bigger than any numbers that we're talking about, including childcare, that it's going to take care. geoff: kimberly, your reaction? kimberly: to paraphrase the former president from his debate, i don't know what he said and i don't think he understands what he said dealer. childcare is a gimme question for a presidential candidate. it is something everyone cares about, access to affordable childcare. it is one of the key points to our economy and the fact that he starts wandering off in thought about tariffs in china that have absolutely nothing to do with it shows he has no plan or has not given this any thought or both. i think if the democratic party had a family talk about the cognitive abilities of joe biden, then it is long past time that the republican party

confront the same thing about donald trump, because something is going on there. geoff: david, there is the way he said what he said, but there is also the substance of what he was saying, this notion that tariffs will take care of childcare costs, to use his phrasing. we should say donald trump is floating a 10% across-the-board tariff on everything that is imported into the u.s. economists across the political spectrum have basically said that is a tax on consumers that will raise costs across the board. what is your take on what he said and how he said it? david: we can't blame this on cognitive decline because he has been not understanding tariffs were about 10 years now. he thinks somehow you put a tariff on, the chinese are going to pay for it. but as you said, the american consumer is going to pay. kamala harris has said this will raise american costs, 36,000 dollars a year for each family. he doesn't understand what a tariff is, and he doesn't understand his basic fundamental

policy. there have been a lot about policy ideas turnaround, as there always are. i am not a fan of the way that kamala harris wants to tax unrealized capital gains, which strikes me as economic mystery, but the single worst policy idea on the table before us is the trump tariffs. that will definitely raise costs, raise inflation, really be a tremendous setback to the economy. he says it because it sounds good because he is being tough on china. so a lot of policies floating out there, they are not about the policy, they are about sending some sort of emotional image, and that is what donald trump manipulates. geoff: kimberly come back to your point about the asymmetry in this case, the double standard, president biden can mistakenly refer to the president of egypt when he meant to say the president of mexico, and it adds to this narrative that ultimately drove him from the race. donald trump can rant at a rally or ramble through a statement like that and it is largely ignored. what do you see as the practical effect? kimberly: i think as people see it more and more, especially

juxtaposed kamala harris, which whether you like her policies or not she is laying out policies, she is speaking in complete sentences and paragraphs about her vision for the american future. you see donald trump ask a question again about childcare, something that impacts all of us, and he cannot seem to stay on track about that. talk about leading a nation at a time when we do want to keep the economy on track, when there are threats, both domestically and foreign, i think seeing this again, people forgot about trump for a while. seeing this again is a stark reminder that there is a clear division, a clear difference in this area. geoff: former congresswoman liz cheney this week said she is voting for kamala harris, that in her words, there has never been an individual in our country who is as grave a threat to our democracy as donald trump is. then today, speaking at the texas tribune festival, she said her father, former vice president dick cheney, is voting

for kamala harris too. take a listen. >> dick cheney, your father, a beloved figure among democrats for many, many years -- [laughter] do you know -- if you know who he will be supporting or who he'll be voting for, do you care to share with us who he might be voting for? >> dick cheney will be voting for kamala harris. [applause] geoff: dick cheney, stalwart conservative, no one can accuse him of being a rino republican in name only. he served four republican presidents, if memory serves me correctly. what do you see as the significance of their dual support for kamala harris? david: who knows? maybe he is swinging left. [laughter] geoff: that i would like to see. david: for a lot of republicans, character comes before policy. and i think the cheneys are among those republicans. there were a lot of bush republicans for which that was an article of faith. the other interesting thing is

how interesting a decade the 2010s was. when the republicans had a total hostile takeover from outsiders, trump and mag out. it left all the bush people i know like, we can't support this. 80% of the bush people, and president bush and dick cheney are among the. the democrats had attempted a hostile takeover from bernie sanders, but it didn't take. their party is still unified, and maga has left behind a lot of people like dick cheney and suburban republicans who voted for bush and cheney. geoff: do you think an endorsement -- maybe it is not officially an endorsement, but do you think the show of support will make a difference? kimberly: i think it can in a certain segment. if you are talking to people, disaffected republicans who are considering even holding their nose or staying home, it is showing there is another way. if they don't like what trump stands for and what he wants, there is a way in the selection

to do something different and try to eliminate him from the political arena entirely. geoff: does the support from the cheneys make it harder for george w. bush to stay on the sidelines? or does it make it harder for chris christie, chris sununu, or bill barr to say kamala harris is worse? david: no. [laughter] he loves it on the sidelines. bush seems to be the happiest guy on earth on the sidelines. let me emphasize something kimberly said. some say, i can't vote for either of these people. cheney gives permission to people that i am not going to sit here, i am going to vote for kamala harris. i need to step up and save my republic from this. i think it will help with a certain segment. geoff: we have a minute left. quickly, what are you watching for in the debates? kimberly: i hope they talk about the supreme court. i was disappointed we did not see that last time. but i think overall, so long as kamala harris keeps her prosecutor stance, that she will

be able to handle donald trump. david: i think so, but i'm not sure. for donald trump, everything is alpha male dominant. he will try to do body linkage, screaming, he will try to do everything to look bigger. he is physically bigger than she is and he will use that, whether it comes across as obnoxious or aggressive and manly. i probably already have my opinion on that one. geoff: we will have special coverage tuesday night. thanks so much. have a great weekend. ♪ amna: today, you and backed human rights investigators accuse both sides in the s udanese civil war of war crimes. as a series of reports that we have presented here on the news hour in recent weeks have shown,

the area is devastated with more than 10 million people displaced, millions hungry, and tens of thousands killed. nick schifrin speaks with a u.s. diplomat working to address what has become the world's largest humanitarian crisis. nick: the civil war erupted more than 500 days ago between the sudanese armed and paramilitary rapid support forces. today's call from the u.n. backed investigators reflects the desperation to help civilians caught in the middle, especially after u.s.-backed peace talks in geneva failed to end the fighting. i am joined by tom pepariolo. looking back to the news hour. as i mentioned, the geneva talks did not create a pathway to peace. what is next? >> first of all, we were able to have a great fear of success -- great deal of success opening up supply routes where people are facing starvation, over 20 million facing acute hunger, over 8 million pounds of food moving, 3000 tons last week into

areas that have not seen emergency food distribution for four months. on the issues of humanitarian access, we were able to make significant progress thanks to president biden and the secretary blinken giving the go-ahead to go forward with the talks. we have seen horrific atrocities from both sides. we were able to get the first code of conduct commitment from the rapid support forces. we have much more to be done on both humanitarian access and civilian protection, and ultimately the goal is the cessation of hostilities. nick: how do you end this war next? do you try the same approach you have had already? the sudanese armed forces did not show up in geneva, and the rapid support forces getting together again, as you have been doing for many months if not longer than that? >> we built a team of partners for the region, along with the african union and united nations, that we are able to be working with. both the rsf and the army

working on lifesaving steps. that is why i think we are able to build this larger diplomatic coalition to push for peace. nick: you are describing basically taking the same steps you already have come up with all due respect, they have not worked. as we said, the sudanese armed forces did not show up in geneva. you have had previous talks. can you focus on some of the external actors fueling this conflict? can you get the uae to stop sending weapons to the rsf? can you get egypt to stop supporting the sudanese armed forces? can you get the actors that have been trying to put their thumbs on the scale to stop doing so? >> we are pushing hard to extend the arms of burger for all of -- the arm embargo for all of darfur. the u.s. continues to raise the cost on those individuals committing atrocities on both sides, as well as some of the businesses that are aiding and abetting in that business. we will try to build more partners coming in that can be part of doing that.

nick: do you have any leverage at all over external actors, who i mentioned before, many of whom are u.s. partners, when many of those capitals are hedging two months before the election? >> we have been very clear that we call on all the external actors to stop fueling this work, stop sending in more arms, start to be partners in the humanitarian relief, the civilian protection and peace efforts. we will continue to lean on those efforts. nick: you have described actions the u.s. has taken, but have you threatened sanctions on the leadership? as many experts have asked you to do? >> we continued to increase the sanctions on both leaders. we have made those explicitly related to issues, for example, atrocity prevention will continue to be a central part of the strategy. as we look to raise the costs of those that are imposing the suffering on the sudanese people. nick: you mentioned the crossing

adre between chad and dar fur. the agreement only last three months. how will you extend it? >> we absolutely want to continue to show that this is a lifesaving effort, that it is something the sudanese people want and are appreciative of those leaders inside and outside the country who are helping to get food and medicine into these famine stricken areas. we believe we can continue to show those results. we will be able to extend these efforts going forward. but we have a lot of people to reach that have not yet been reached since these reopening's. nick: as i said at the top of the segment, human rights investigators called for an independent force to protect civilians. that could include boots on the ground. is that an idea you endorse? >> i think there is an understanding that we cannot keep doing the same things and expecting a different result. the scale of this crisis is being imposed on the people of sudan, but also increasingly on

the region. i think the recommendations coming out are extremely important and timely as we head into the u.n. general assembly, and should absolutely consider them and build support for a wide range of approaches to civilian protection and other things that could help in the war. nick: let me read you a statement by the deputy chairman of the sudanese sovereign counsel to my colleague during her recent trip to sudan. the u.s. administration, they have never come here. we have an envoy who has never put a leg in sudan. if you're serious to solve a problem somewhere, why don't you come and meet the president in his country? why don't you come meet us in our country? but this is not happening. >> i have traveled to sudan earlier, traveled to adre, tried to travel to port sudan but was blocked in the early parts of my tenure. recently, we put a trip together where our diplomatic security team said it would require me to just be at the airport. we communicated that, they rejected the offer, and we respected them rejecting the offer. but every week, i am meeting

with sudanese people from all 18 states, hundreds and hundreds of sudanese i meet with virtually each week, as well as thousands from the refugee and diaspora community. we will continue to meet every day, every week with the sudanese people, and hopefully that will include a trip to port sudan soon. nick: thank you very much. >> thank you, nick. ♪ amna: fans and families will pack the bleachers tonight in high school stadiums across the country as football season kicks off in earnest. but after at least seven deaths tied to the sport since august, including three teens who sustained fatal brain injuries, questions are being raised again about the safety of the game played under those friday night lights. william brangham has more. william: one of those deaths was of boys named cohen, a boy from

west virginia who suffered a head injury after making a tackle and practice. his father is now advocating for the use of padded helmet coverings known as guardian caps. and he wants his son's teammates to stick with the game. >> i told them that this is an accident, to move forward. i didn't want them to have the weight of my son on their shoulders. but i wanted them to play for him. i wanted them to play strong. i don't want them to take away football. i think we need to put more safety measures out there to protect our kids. nick: for more on the risks and rewards of youth tackle football, we are joined by chris, the cofounder of the concussion legacy foundation, a neuroscientist, and a former college football player himself. welcome to the news hour. we just heard from that father, who tragically lost his son to a traumatic brain injury in football.

help us understand these numbers in perspective. why is it it seems tackle football exerts such a heavy toll? >> i am going to focus on the traumatic brain injuries. i don't think we can be that surprised that a few kids die every year playing football. there will be one billion head impacts created by the game of football this fall. it is almost a miracle that there is only of few deaths. that is because helmets have done a good job preventing deaths, but they don't prevent every possible brain injury. the other thing to talk about is one of those billion -- what are those head impacts going to do overtime? we will lose a couple every year, but more will suffer long-term effects down the road. william: is it just that the science indicates that repeated percussion, if it is not a traumatic event in the moment that results in these tragedies, but that repeated percussion to the brain over time has real problems as well? >> right, and that is the area

of research i focused on for the last 20 years. i took 10,000 head impacts, i survived, like most people do. but i didn't realize until after i stopped playing that that had laid the groundwork for me to have a disease called cte. that is where we should be focused on. these unfortunate deaths give us a window to the fact that our brains are very vulnerable, and those hits add up over time. what we are finding is if you have a long football career and you take hundreds or thousands of head impacts, the longer you play, the greater your odds you will develop a degenerative brain injury that will change who you are. i started this so long ago but i have recently lost friends. i lost one of my teammates at harvard to this. it is a serious issue. william: what do you say to the many parents who say, i hear about the risks, those are isolated perhaps tragedies, but there is so much upside to this?

there's is sportsmanship, camaraderie, great exercise, the spirit this brings to young athletes. how do you help parents weigh the benefits with these risks? >> children unfortunately will die in these activities. some have died randomly from heart disorders and other things. the deaths don't really tell us what to do. the way i advise parents on youth sports is we absolutely want our kids playing sports and team sports. they do wonderful things for their physical and neurological and mental development. what we should get rid of it is our children getting hit in the head hundreds of times a year. not every sport has that. only a few have that. and those who do introduce a risk of concussions that can change kids, and this risk of cte. yes to sports, but say no to head impacts. if your kid has taken more than 100 head impacts every fall in

this sport, maybe try another sport, at least until their brain has had time to develop and grow. i would consider maybe 14 to be a good guideline. no head impacts repetitively before 14. , let their brain grow, then you can take greater risks when the kids might understand what they are getting into. william: what else practically can parents do? we heard from that father saying he wants kids to wear these pads on their helmets. is there any evidence that any type of additional protection can protect the head during tackle football? >> butter helmets are a little better at protecting -- better helmets are a little better at protecting against head injury. there are additional pads on the outside. what i would recommend parents do before they get into equipment is have a conversation with their child's football coach about how they practice. the conversation that we are not having at any level outside of the nfl is they can get rid of

half the risks if they just make a commitment to teaching kids how to play football excessively without them getting hit in the head every day. the nfl has almost eliminated hitting from practice, but that is because the players fought for it. 12-year-olds cannot get together and stand up to their coach and say, why are we practicing with our shoulder pads? why don't we learn the game the other way. that is by far the other thing they could do to make football safed are -- make football safer. change practice. william: thank you so much for being here. ♪ geoff: we will be back shortly. but first, take a moment to hear from your local pbs station. amna: it's a chance to offer programs like this one on thep air. ♪

geoff: for those staying with us, we take a second look at a burgeoning fashion sector. special correspondent megan thompson reports for our arts and culture series, "canvas." ♪ megan: it was what you might expect from my high-end standing room only fashion show, stunning clothing, moving music, and a decked out crowd recording every moment on their phones. but what made this runway show different, all the clothing was created by indigenous designers from the u.s. and canada. the event was put on by the southwestern association for indian art. >> it is the first indigenous fashion week in the united states. we have been very invisible or very minimal in some of these industries, so we are creating a

platform to highlight these voices in the world. megan: over four days, designers, models, media, and more than 2000 fashionistas and fans packed photo ops, pop-up shops, and more. designers presented at two different runway shows. >> the original design in north america is based on indigenous art, technique, design, culture, everything. megan: 10 years ago, amber produced a single runway show during the annual indigenous art market. she says interest has grown so much she had to create this much larger event. but a native art historians as what is happening is not necessarily new. the indigenous people are creating couture, fashion speak for clothing that is custom-made. >> you do not get markets were then hunting an animal -- more could tour then hunting an animal to make a one-of-a-kind

garment. megan: some designers put a modern spin on traditional materials like beads and feathers. canadian helen oro is from the pelican lake first nation. >> one of the questions when i first started was, do you have to be indigenous? it is for everyone. megan: for creators who don't have brick-and-mortar stores, the event gave them a chance to sell directly to customers. orlando designs luxury women's and men's wear, all hands made. >> the beating, i do that myself. megan: his work is inspired by the stars, which hold important spiritual meaning for the navajo. >> it shows up there a lot of beading and embroidery, lots of sparkles. i chose evening wear because it is usually worn at night under the stars. megan: his new collection, which she is planning to launch next year, is called stargazer.

>> it is a ship traveling the galaxy. i want to represent my culture, my heritage, but without being literal in translation. one of the challenges is my work not being native enough for non-native people and also native people. >> there are expectations of what a native designer should be. and i have run away from that concept my whole life. beautiful. megan: patricia michaels has been in the business for 40 years. she says she has always dealt with ignorance and stereotypes, including in 2013 when she was the first native american on the long-running, hugely popular tv series "project runway," where she made it all the way to the final. >> it is important to us, so many of the imagery i have on my hand-painted silks and different fabrications of my textiles are ideas that come from nature. >> amazing.

megan: michael's recently made a dress for an actor, who start in an oscar-nominated movie, to wear to the cannes film festival. >> i thought of the eagle headrest, and that is the biggest honor. i took it from the men's head and i flipped it and i put it at her car. i wanted her to feel like she was in flight. >> i remember when it was shameful to be wearing anything indian. and now, to see what has happened with our industry, oh my god. megan: excitement and interest can lead to cultural appropriation. when non-native designers profit from native patterns and motifs without permission or acknowledgment. ralph lauren came under fire in 2022 for using indigenous mexican designs. >> we are working on getting native people into every department. megan: she has been working with

ralph lauren to increase inclusivity. last year, the brand announced its first artist in residence, a navajo weaver, who has created two collections so far. she hopes fashion events like this will continue the progress. >> i really hope this opens the fashion world's eyes into our world and successfully creates a bridge where we can collaborate with different brands or anything we dream of as designers. megan: this is her first runway show as a designer. the collection is an ode to the 1970's, when federal law finally guaranteed native americans the right to religious freedom. >> it was such a politically charged time for native people around the country. i wanted to imagine, what if we were not always fighting? what would we wear to the disco? megan: when saturday's runway show began, bread's were the

first to come down the runway. seven more designers followed. for many of the spectators, the show was about more than beautiful clothes. >> speechless. >> this is history in the making. megan: patricia michaels' designs ended the evening. her signature hand dyed and painted garments receiving a standing ovation from a devoted crowd. >> i see how it has evolved so that every native tribe now can have their story told in a sense without ridicule celebration. ♪ amna: remember, there is much more online. check out our youtube page for

pbs newsweekly. that looks this week at the latest in russia's war on ukraine and its efforts to influence the u.s. presidential election. geoff: and later tonight, be sure to tune in to "washington week with the atlantic." with less than two months to november's election, our own william brangham guest moderates a panel discussion on the state of the presidential race. amna: and tomorrow on pbs news weekend, a new court ruling rolls back protections for communities of color in a part of louisiana known as cancer alley. and that is the news hour for tonight. i'm amna nawaz. geoff: and i'm geoff bennett. for all of us here at the pbs news hour, thanks for spending part of your evening with us, and have a great weekend. >> major funding for the pbs news hour has been provided by -- ♪ and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and friends of the news hour. including kathy and paul anderson, and camilla and george

smith. the walton family foundation. working for solutions to protect water during climate change so people and nature can thrive together. the william and flora hewitt foundation. for more than 50 years, advancing ideas and supporting institutions to promote a better world, at hewlett.org. and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ and friends of the news hour. ♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ >> this is pbs news hour west

from weta studios in washington and from our bureau at the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. ♪ >> you're watching pbs.

tonight, there are just four days until vice president kamala harris and former president donald trump face off in tuesday's televised debate. it will be the first time the two have met face to face, let