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>> union bank has put its global expertise to work for a wide range of companies. what can we do for you? hello and welcome. >> here are the headlines. 6000 and counting. the exodus continues as more tales of government brutality. a former officer in colonel gaddafi's our meat talks exclusively to the bbc. >> the wait continues to -- for thousands of passengers whose flights have been canceled because of the chilean volcano. donors pledged more than $4 billion to vaccinate the world's poorest children. >> i am in jakarta. indonesia has always prided itself on its image as a modern muslim nation. there have been concerns about the rise of extremist islam and how could that of -- a fact indonesias place in the world. >> it is 11:00 a.m. here in

singapore and 4:00 a.m. in london. broadcasting to viewers on pbs. this is "newsday". the exodus from syria continues. 6000 people are crossing into turkey. refugees say the syrian military is arresting hundreds of people in a sweep of villages, captured by the military following a revolt. >> syrian troops entering the town. these pictures were filmed by the bbc arabic service which was taken into the town by the syrian army. the government said this is a mass grave of some of the 120

security personnel killed over a week ago. some have been beheaded. others shot. there are different versions of how the city was retaken. the syrian state said it had to fight its way in but then found grateful residents delighted that order had been restored. many of the thousands of refugees who fled the area tell a different story. they say the army is killing civilians indiscriminately, burning crops, and killing livestock. the refugees are of finding shelter in camps in turkey. as well as worrying about the future, they face one of the biggest problems experienced by refugees the world over. boredom. they could be away from home for quite some time.

the turkish government hopes these camps to not become a semi-permanent. everyone knows that is a possibility. >> we have -- the have burned our houses and crops. all our possessions, too. >> this border village is filling with more refugees and they bring consistent accounts and say the syrian army is using overwhelming force and many of their homes have been destroyed, their crops burned, and their cattle killed. the reports from syria suggest the fighting is still going on. bbc news on the turkish-syrian border. >> rebels say seven officers from colonel gaddafi's army have defected to their side in the past week. six rockets have hit an oil refinery in misrata.

they had hit power generators. it is not clear who fired the rockets. from misrata, this report. >> in a graveyard of khaddafi's tanks destroyed by nato, we met a man who was an officer in his army. he said anyone in uniform was sent to the front line. traffic police, tourist police, and many newly recruited young man tried we disguised his appearance and 3-voiced his answers to protect his family held living in gaddafi-hea territory. >> there were no crusaders or al qaeda extremists as we had been told. that is -- the fight is against khaddafi. but against fellow libyans. >> we're hearing reports that was systematic rape carried out by his forces and they carried

by am. -- viagra, six drugs. there were given some of the tablets and alcohol and hallucinogens, i never saw any rapes but some officers boasted of carrying them out. >> driving forward, we saw growing strength in the rebel force the defector has joined. over there is what happened for the last month by rebel troops have been consolidating their positions in the last few days ford of that front line. now controlling the strategic hilltop and as you see across the farmland there, that is the main road to tripoli. the hub to be on in the coming days. these moves forward are not without cost. on a foot patrol probing through the dense grove -- scrubland, we came upon a rebel vehicle destroyed by a tank shell in a major gaddafi counteroffensive on friday. omar was one of those injured.

he said prisoners they took have been told they have to retake this hill and if they went back, they would be shot. it is not surprising that some defect to the other side. what is it like being in gaddafi's army? how does he get people to fight if you do not fight, it will call you a traitor and kill you. -- of the lookouthe fighting go. >> the president will go on trial next monday. he fled to saudi arabia after being toppled by mass protests. the prime minister said the added president bush -- the ousted president face charges relating to the alleged discovery of millions of dollars of cash and weapons.

there is still problems with trouble in the southern hemisphere. >> the situation has not improved from yesterday and we have air passengers across south america facing huge disruption because of this ongoing eruption from tochile. flights have been canceled and the impact is felt as far away as australia and new zealand. >> de nine and this change of volcanos keeps on spewing out cash. on sunday, when things seem to be returning to normal, another major eruption. and this was the result. this is rio negro province. most of the ash has been blown away from chile and much of it has landed here. the people of patagonia are used

to shoveling away snow during the harsh southern winter. this year, they're clearing away the cash. j.k. also spread. -- flights were canceled and passengers stranded due to fears about-clogging up engines. plans were sitting on the runway quite literally a gathering dust. >> we're waiting for them to reallocate. they have cancelled the 8:00 a.m. flight and we're waiting to see if we can put ourselves on a list for which can arrive at our destination. >> a flight to and from uruguay, paraguay, and brazil have been disrupted. this is the international airport. it is 3.5000 kilometers away from the belligerent coquina is but here too, plans have been grounded. >> it is going to cause a problem for us.

we will probably lose our hotel and the tours for tomorrow. >> there's not much you can do. mother nature has plans. >> the cloud of ash reached australia and new zealand over the weekend. fort caught -- causing delays and flights -- in flight. in southern chile, the army has been helping some local residents return to their homes to pick up their belongings. many of them have been living in temporary shelters for week. >> animals and all my things, my life is hostage here. >> no one knows how long this will go on for. in 1921, when this same chain of volcanoes burst into life, it carried on spewing smoke and ash right through into the following year. >> vietnam's prime minister has issued a decree about a potential military dispute

concerning sovereignty over potential oil-rich waters in the south china sea. the decree of lines to would be exempted for broke out. vietnam has twice accused china of cutting the cables of the oil exploration vessels in the disputed area. a strong earthquake has shaken parts of indonesia although a tsunami is not expected. the 6.2 magnitude quake struck off indonesia's's island at 13 kilometers beneath the sea surface. which is relatively shallow. no damage has yet been reported. indonesia said on the ring of fire were the meeting of continental plates causes high seismic activity and is frequently hit by earthquakes. authorities are investigating a group of hackers that manage to access computer systems. a group said the broken to the u.s. senate pose a computer network on monday. in america, several republican

presidential hopefuls have taken part in their first major televised debate. rick santorum, newt gingrich, mitt romney were joined by ron in newtim pawlenty, an hampshire. they are challenging president barack obama in the presidential election in 2012. you're watching "newsday". still to come on the program. we will be live in jakarta for the latest in our season. can indonesia survive as a mo dern muslim democracy? >> hundreds of migrants found crammed inside a lorry in southern mexico. the that islam president is recovering in cuba following surgery to remove an absence from his pelvis. he did not give a date for his return but said he was managing government affairs.

his diagnosis during a visit wind -- constitute undergo an operation. >> when he has been seen in public recently, he has shown signs of poor health. surgery on a knee injury kept him sidelined for some weeks. now he has undergone an emergency operation in cuba for something more serious. an abscess on his pelvis. amid speculation that his condition is worse than the government has revealed, he called state television from havana to quash the rumors. >> i am in full control of my faculties. believe me, if i was feeling at all like i had diminished faculties, i would be the first person to take a decision. this is absolutely, absolutely not the case. >> despite his claims the

surgery was a success, his critics have seized on his health as a potential weakness. the leader has been in office for almost 13 years. it comes as a series of electricity blackouts have affected parts of the country, sparking protests in some areas. the government accused the opponents of trying to sabotage the national grid. as he recuperates in havana, mr. chavis has been visited by fidel castro and wrote calved stroraul castro. opponents hope his health will have a bearing on the next election. >> this is tuesday on the bbc. i am in singapore. >> i am in london.

the exodus from syria is continuing. latest reports suggest more than 6000 have crossed into turkey. >> air passengers across south america are facing huge disruption because of ongoing abrameruptions from a volcano. we're focusing on the power of asia. looking at the impact of the continent's economic growth. we're looking at indonesia which is hosting an economic forum. a sign of how far this country has come since the crisis 13 years ago. joining us live from jakarta, our correspondent. >> i am in the heart of the business district and you can see signs of the recent economic recess. -- success. the economy virtually collapsed

during the crisis and foreign investors wrote this country off. at that time, indonesia transition from being a dictatorship into a democracy and today, in the nation's pride themselves on their image as a moderate muslim democracy but there are new threats, and it concerns. the rise of conservative islam that could be putting that image at risk. wednesday night in downtown jakarta. a time to kick back and take a break from the stresses of the workweek. indonesia is a majority muslim nation but it is not illegal to drink alcohol here. muhamed has been a bartender here for two years. he is a muslim but he does not see a contradiction between his face and his job. >> i do not see any problems about being a bartender because this is how i support my family. i still prey, even though i do not do it that often. whether my prayers are accepted

is up to god. >> the way islam as practiced in indonesia is different from other muslim countries. it has a distinct indonesian feel to it and it has been assimilated into the culture here. in recent years, there has been a noticeable trend toward a outward displays of islamic identity. at a trendy restaurant in jakarta, he sits down for lunch with his family. their way of life is exceptional. he runs a successful technology firm with his wife and his family has benefited from the boom in the economy. he thinks this country would be a better place of the government implemented islamic law. >> it is practiced correctly, islamic law is benefiting for everyone. if indonesia or an islamic

country, if a muslim was to drink alcohol, he should get punished. they should practice in the correct way. >> the islamic law is in place in one part of indonesia. in west sumatra. this video shows the punishment one woman received for allegedly committing adultery. she was publicly caned. he says the numbers of indonesia who want islamic law implemented has increased in the last few years. >> the middle class is disappointed with the government's performance and is looking for an alternative. radical groups have promoted an islamic state which holds certain appeal. this is a big threat in indonesias future stability.

>> indonesia is often held up by the west as an example of what a modern democracy can and should be. there are concerns that this image could be a risk because of the rise in radical islam. how indonesia manages this challenge could determine its place in the world. as you can see in the report, the real challenge is ahead. the government has been criticized for not doing enough to tackle this problem of the rise of conservative radical islamic groups. critics say can bring hard- liners and the government is pattering because of political interests but for the most part, the majority are moderate and they value their democracy and fought for it so fiercely and their concerns that the democracy could be at stake if not more is done to crack down on these firms. >> a terrorism expert said that

apart from radicalism growing, extremist influences on the rise. what can the government do at this point and it is their political will to implement these reforms and temper these rising influences in indonesia? >> i think the political will is there but also the distinction needs to be made between the rise in pious this and about this which we have seen and the rise in radical islamic groups. people are becoming more religious but there is also another element that we need to look at and that is the rise of conservative islamic groups who are becoming more appealing. there is the political will but there is the political landscape that needs to be thought of. in this democratic nation, people have voices and the government has to listen to all of them. that is what they say.

>> thank you for joining us. keep up-to-date as our season continues on line. there you will find plenty of unique content plus a look at china's changing attitudes. it can see what is driving the transformation and how the pursuit of money has created losers as well as winners. that is the season on the bbc news website. let's go to london with news of another shocking discovery in mexico. >> more than 200 migrants were found cramped inside a lorry in southern mexico on sunday. authorities say they were traveling in inhuman conditions. here is a report from mexico city. >> this is the end of the journey for more than 200 undocumented migrants traveling to the united states. they have been discovered in a lorry in mexico.

wereuthorities say they traveling in burkle conditions and they had not even in a day. the truck driver and his assistant were writ -- detained. the mexican government said 90% of people come from central american countries but human rights organizations say more migrants from asia or south american countries paid to be smuggled into the u.s. every day. >> there are 230 undocumented migrants, some from india, or ramallah, and a brazilian woman. >> more than 500 migrants were found crammed into the containers of two lorries. it was one of the biggest cases of suspected human trafficking in mexico. there were discovered using x- ray equipment at a checkpoint in

chiappone ichipas. they pay to be taken. it is a long trip. in that time, the migrants face brutal conditions but also the growing threat of being attacked or be used by mexican drug cartels. >> almost $4.5 billion for a vaccination program. the money comes from government and individuals and among them, bill gates. he said children would no longer be denied access because of a lack of funds. >> children in the world's poorest states aren't much higher risk of dying from preventable diseases. that has long been known but for decades that process of combating the program has --

problem has been slow. this child has received vaccines against two of the biggest killers of children. many millions in africa and elsewhere have not received this simple injection's. donors at a high-profile conference in london hope to help turn a corner on the problem. key among them, the founder of microsoft, bill gates, who received a warmewarm applause fs pledge of $1 billion. >> it is not every day that we give away a billion dollars. but for cause like this, it is exciting to be doing it. >> his donation for the global alliance of backaccess to information was double. $3.2 billion was pledged. >> nelson mandela won said life or death for a child too often depends on whether it is born in a country where vaccines are available. today, we can help end that

cruel lottery. i am delighted to see that britain will play its full part. >> away from the conference hall, there was some criticism. some have suggested that other countries with strong economies such as the u.s. and france could have given more. serious questions have been asked about the wisdom of donating such amounts of money to an organization which relies heavily on the big pharmaceutical companies. nevertheless, many governments and ngo's have welcomed any promise of increased aid. >> silvio berlusconi was dealth t a serious political blow. is facing four criminal cases. a series of aftershocks in new

zealand is being blamed for the death of an elderly nursing-home resident. a health official confirmed but gave no further details. it is thought the residents -- the strongest of which was 7.0. >> you have been watching "newsday". bring you a reminder of the main news. unrest in syria is continuing. 6000 have crossed into turkey. the military have been arresting hundreds of people. keep up-to-date with our story by visiting the bbc news website. that is all from us from london and singapore. rico is back for asia reports.

stay with us. >> hello and welcome. >> see the news unfold, get the top stories from around the globe and click-to-play video reports. go to bbc.com/news to experience the in-depth, expert reporting of "bbc world news" online. >> funding was made possible by the freeman foundation of new york, stowe, vermont, and honolulu. newman's own foundation. the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. and union bank.

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