next on kqed news room, the ebola virus hits the u.s. what the bay area is doing to prepare. yes means yes, what happens next? now that governor brown has signed a landmark bill to address sexual assaults on college campuses. plus soup minus the shark. a year after california implemented a ban on shark fin sales how have chinese restaurants and diners adapted. >> my family is perfectly fine not to have shark fin on the menu.

good evening and welcome to kqed news room. i'm shuy vuy. we look at whether the bay area is ready to handle ebola. for months the outbreak has played outs on a remote stage in countries like liberia and sierra leone. but the first confirmed case in texas and a possible case in washington, d.c. has made attention come to how our healthcare systems are at home. scott schaefer leads the discussion. >> the e lobola virus is spread from bodily fluids of those already sick. i'm joined by eric talbert, executive director of the non

profit "emergency u.s.a." and april dem bosky. your agency recently opened up a facility for 24 patients in sierra leone. what went wrong in africa for this to spiral the way it has. >> the issue was not contained early on. something spreads as a virus quickly if it is not contaminated and controlled, isolated early on. march was the first case, from guin guinea, spread to sierra leone and quickly. we sent out another warnings are getting out of control in june. and still not enough was done soon enough. so here we are in september and we are looking at all the data that shows if we don't significantly have more action on the ground supporting people, more treatment centers like we have opened and working on opening another ninety bed center by the end of the month to treat more people as well as a need for continuum of care,

this thing will continue to escala escalate. >> so it is fair to say that the best thing we can do or the most important thing we can do to help americans is help get it under control in africa. >> we really need to support the efforts happening in west african region, guinea, sierra leone and liberia. it continues to escalate and we see it in the sierra leone and now through the ebola treatment center it's's just continuing to be a major issue and a lot of challenges. >> through every crisis, whether earthquake or some epidemic it highlights the shortcomings, strengths and weaknesses in the government centers. we saw it in napa when water mains broke hampering firefighters. what do public health experts say are the potential weak links in a system for containing something like this. >> well i think first of all it

is important to note that the public health system in the u.s. is very different from africa. we have a lot of isolation units. we have hospitals. we have public health teams that can track down diseases. so it is really different. there is also a lot of cultural differences. the public trust of authorities in africa is very low. and we have much more ongoing robust communication in the u.s. now, in terms of weak links, right now the guidance is all top down. everything is getting set by the cdc. those guide lines then get communicated to state departments of public health, and then they communicate those messages and guidelines to local departments of public health and hospitals. and at the hospital level, it is then up to the hospital to provide that training. and that is the weak link, i think, perhaps based on the report wes saw in texas. >> and in that regard, dallas. we saw some problems there, didn't we. in terms of how local officials

on the ground reacted to this man showing up. >> yeah the fact that he was released and allowed to go home after he said i was in liberia -- well speculated that he said i was in liberia which is deeply contaminated area. and it was from my understanding knew to go to the the hospital and report that he was vomiting, which is one of the telltale signs and then was sent home was a major flaw in the plan. >> there cab lot of politics in these things. we're in an election season. republican and north carolina calling for a travel ban from west african countries. sent a letter to hospitals urging them to make sure they are on top of this. is what we've seen cause for concern or give you confidence in the system? either one of you. >> i think overall confidence is in order. i think it is fair that it is very early an for systems to learning from mistakes. and i think the mistake that we saw in texas from the nursing

training the person away. one thing that's been brought to the attention, the nurses union has been saying, they have done surveys of their members across the united states. they didn't break it out regionally. but about 80% of nurses said they didn't feel like they had been properly trained or educated on how to train or screen for ebola. and training systems probably need to be looked at and that confidence level is important too. >> and what about airports? we saw this -- obviously that is a key place that people with the virus, with the disease could be coming into the country. are customs agent being trained? should they be do you think? is anybody at the airports, these airport, sfo, any of them being told to be on the lookout? or is that premature and maybe not helpful? >> i think it would be helpful in the sense if we know, we got to be careful on who we are potentially policing from a health stimulate standpoint.

but if we know people from a flight of liberia or sierra leone there is a very easy protocol that could be put in place to take people's temperatures, check in with them to remind them of the symptoms and potentially where to go, right? if you showed up in san francisco from sierra leone, where would you go. in this case they feel like they might be having the symptoms. i think that can be done. >> and interethe director of tc nod recommended any screening. the costs won't really pay off. and san francisco actually doesn't have direct flights to the continent of africa so that is one reason they think we're okay. >> just quickly, the cdc, the white house all saying hey we got this. no problem. we're going to stop ebola in its tracks. do you think that is misplaced confidence? or is it the right message? >> i think it is the right message. in that one of the key indicators we can can keep an

eye on is how do we know we are on the right path? is in order for this to be contained is one of the key treatments is being able to provide treatment to 70% of infected. within sierra leone it is estimated of course the numbers and how they are tracked and sufficient. we can roughly say we think about 25% of the people infected are currently treated and we need to get to 70% before we can say this is a significant impact. >> quickly. >> i think there is also confidence to keep in mind if there is a weak link in a local level. maybe they don't have enough staff. president obama already promised they would kick in whatever dollars needed. >> and many are keeping an eye on this. thank you so much. >> thanks. >> thank you.

california's new "yes means yes" is intended to reduce sexual assaults at colleges and universities it. requires student who is engage in sexual encounters on campus to give consent that is affirmative, conscious and voluntary. the law comes amidst mounting concerns over the number of sexual assaults on college campuses and the revelation that many reported incidents are not treated seriously or investigated at all. a uc task force recently put out seven recommendations to address the issue. thon joining me is michelle dauber, professor of law at stanford. and annette asimov. michelle, i want to begin with you. give us ab overview of situations at colleges that led to this new law. >> so the statistical information that we have, and of course it is considered to be an understood report. s it is very hard to estimate

sexual assault, one of n five women of college age will experience an unwanted sexual encounter or sexual assault at some point during their college years. and a statistic that goes with that, based on the research of david lissack whose a psychologist is that males who commit sexual assaults on college campuses have an average of four to six victims and tend to be repeat offenders. >> so they are serial offenders. >> that is what the research seems to be indicating. >> but they haven't been seriously discipline ed campuse or there hasn't been enough of them disciplined. >> that is a big part of the plan is the lack of discipline. an epidemic, violence against women on college campuses that for many years has been almost entirely unaddressed. and that is what has i think brought us to the point we are at now. >> so how is this new state law different from other standards

already in place for sexual assault? >> well, the new state law requires something called affirmative consent. which requires -- it requires all colleges and universities that receive state assistance for student aid to have certain things in place. one of these things, the "yes means yes" part of it is that it is the responsibility of the individual who is accused of sexual assault to obtain the affirmative voluntary consent of the individual with whom they are having a sexual encounter. >> as opposed to the victim having to prove that. >> -- they resisted. >> he or she resisted. >> yes. so since forever we have had basically a presumption of implicit consent, that a woman had to disapprove. i struggl i fought. i have scratch marks and this is prompting well how do you do that? what do you say? and they are -- other students

are doing these mini workshops. do you know what it is like to say, yes this is okay. or not it is not okay and students are really confused by. this. so how do you say it? >> i wonder about that. what is a non verbal yes cue? how do you implement something like this? does it have to be verbal. >> or does it have to be verbal at all. >> it does not have to be verbal. under the law it can be either verbal on non verbal. >> what is a non verbal cue. >> moaning, removal of clothing. active participation in the sexual encounter. doing things that -- i mean i don't want to be explicit but there are plenty of non verbal indications of participation for no as well as yes. >> and this is happening, even as today. >> yeah. >> berkeley police have reported they are investigating up to three instances or reports of sexual assault. >> well today a fraternity student at uc berkeley was

apparently arrested and booked for raping an incapacitated or intoxicated individual. i believe it is another student. and over -- this has been reported on saturday along with two other reports of sexual assault at fraternities at cal. and two people they are still looking for. so this is going to be interesting. because it will -- we'll see whether cal -- how they will discipline this person. of course this is a police issue but also a campus issue. what happens to this student? how will the discipline proceed? and will this issue make any difference? this new law make any difference? i think the law doesn't precisely go into effect until january but cal has been adopting this approach several months now. >> it unveiled its new set of rules, set of recommendations just days before the new state law was defined. >> uc wide. >> uc wide. what will those new rules do.

>> the new rules that the president of uc adopted are mainly at this point concerned with making all ten campuses consistent in their approach to sexual assault accusations. so the way it has been -- and this is what students have been so angry about -- is that they will report something and the campus will or won't take action against them, take them seriously or not. but the way it is supposed to be now is that they are supposed to have a uniform approach. and the details are to come, we understand. like within a year there is going or the further clarification of what it will be. >> so this is more a framework. >> right. >> what i'm interested in, and michelle, you have a lot of experience in this area. you drafted stanford's consent and disciplinary policies on sexual assaults. what do you think of the uc systems set of recommendations? and what have you learned in the process at stanford in terms of what works, what does not work? >> i participated in drafting the policy at stanford.

and what i would say is that uc is not giving enough information in its set of recommendations to really know what the specific -- it is really empty of specifics about what their disciplinary policies will look like. i think they are in the process of working those through. at stanford what we found was that our practice prior to our revision in 2010 was not welcoming enough to survivors. and so they were refusing to participate, or declining to participate in our disciplinary process. >> they weren't reporting, is that right? >> well they were reporting. but they weren't going forward with discipline. and that is very different. >> so what disciplinary changes did you make? and did it change the statistics. >> absolutely. >> of the number of people reporting. >> so the statistics were really grim, as on a lot of campuses. we reported 175 sexual assaults between 1993 and 2009 to under the cleary act and we had four hearings and two findings of responsibility. >> that is it.

>> yes. >> so after we made the revision, we found that survivor, some of the changes we made to make it more welcoming were we no longer allowed the accused student, whose called the responding student to cross-examine or question the impacted party or the survivor. we no longer had a hearing-type thing with a panel. we cut the number of panelists. so we tried to make it more welcoming. and the number shot up tenfold, immediately. however, the unconquered territory of this situation is consequence, sanctions. so even though we are finding more students responsible for sexual assault sp even though more survivors are coming forward to participate, we are not giving them sanctions that in my opinion are commensurate with the offenses. we are giving, you know, two, three quarter suspensions. >> you are not e expelling. >> we are not expelling them. >> so the punishment needs to. >> that needs to follow. i think this law is a good first

step. >> michelle we will have to leave it there. thank you michelle dauber, professor stanford of law. and annette asimov. thank you both. now on to something else now. shark fin soup was once a coveted delicacy at many chinese restaurants but killing of sharks simply for the fins led to a major change. the statewide law took effect last year banning the sales. that prompted restaurants to revise men use in this story produced, the a look at why california has landed at the forefront of changes and how they have affected chefs and diners. and just a warning some viewers may find a few images disturbing. >> 27 miles off the coast of san francisco, a group of tourists arrives at the fair lawn islands. >> any given time around this island we have 30, 40 great white sharks. >> a private company called

great white adventures has taken them to the island. their goal is to have a close uncountry wiu encounter with a great white. each fall large concentrations of great whites come the to this very spot. marine biologist scott anderson is a fan of the fearsome animal. >> the apex predator on the same level is lions and tigers. it is a symbol of a healthy environment. and as long as you still have those symbols out there you know your environment is in tact. >> scientists estimate up to 3,000 great whites are thriving off the coast of california protected by state and federal low law. but close to half of the world's shark species are threatened and this could be disastrous for the oceans says peter knight of the conservation group wild aide. in some cases the skates and rays have increased because the shark numbers go down and that's

led to shellfish declines because they eat the shellfish. tuna might reduce because animals preying on the tuna were being kept in check by sharks. >> one of the greatest threats to shark populations is the practice of catching sharks to cutoff fins which are used to make a celebratory soup. economic growth in china fueled a sharp increase in demand for luxury items like shark fins. the trend set off alarms among conservationists. >> we always see with these products be it elephant ivory or horn or shark fin when one particular item becomes in demand all the rules go out the window and it's serious trouble. >> the monterey bay aquarium showed a video of shark finning. >> i felt that was a very horrific and cruel act. and i found out that from marine

biologists that it was happening to about 73 million sharks a year. and i felt that we needed to protect our sharks. because without our sharks the ocean's eco system would go into a huge imbalance. >> in the assembly the bill to ban shark fin sales in california ran into charges that it was culturally insensitive. >> sharks fin soup is considered a delicacy and served at many sacred occasions such as the birth of a child and union of two people. to many in my community this bill represents a direct attack on culture and tradition. >> despite the controversy, lawmakers passed had ban and it took effect in 2013. >> it closes off the borders to the shark fin trade. california is the port that it comes into. so we close off the port and we close off the shark fin trade to north america. >> chinese restaurants specializing in celebratory

banquets have had to come one alternatives to shark fin soup. at coy palestine, tace we wante something as rare as shark fin which she sold for as much as $120 a bowl. >> it's a delicacy. they feel wow, the host is so wealthy and so, you know, like appreciate you guys coming. >> in the kitchen, chef tong is preparing soup for two birthday banquets. a broth with chicken pork meat and ribs, ham and spices, s simmers for 7 hours. when it is ready instead of adding shark fins pieces he adds an ingredient called birds nest which he has previously soaked in water. they are made by swallows and harvested mainly in indonesia and vietnam. >> i'm sure in some places there are all kinds of abuse going on

the way the nests are collected and may be damaging the collections. but it's probably more sustainable that be shark fin. >> birds nest soup is one of the nine dishes at the banquet that gloria so is throwing for her mother-in-law's 80th birthday. >> made of the spitting of the bird as they make the nest. and if you ask my children they will tell you that it's really gross. >> even though he's complying with the ban t owner of coy palace is part of a group of restaurant owners and distributors who have challenged it in the courts. >> shark fin has been a gourmet, prestigious ingredient for chinese banquet or people who like it. so when they ban the shark fin itself, i feel like it's discrimination. >> but a federal judge has ruled that the ban isn't discriminatory. as of 2014 california and seven other states have banned shark

fin sales. the bans are part of a broader effort. in china wild aid has been running psas starting famous chinese figures like nba yoo ming. by reducing the demand for shark fins the group has brought down the value. >> we had people go undercover to fishing villages in indonesia and we found compared to when they went last time in 2007, to 2014 the price dropped by 80% the fisherman were being paid. therefore they were deciding not to target sharks anymore. >> for a banquet like this, my family is perfectly fine not to have shark fin on the menu. and we understand the reason for it. as the world changes, we need to really protect all the various species we have out there.

>> a poll by the monterey bay aquarium found most chinese and those in california, 70% support the ban. well this week was a big week in sacramento with governor brown signing landmark legislation on a number of fronts. joining me now for a look of that is scott shaffer. >> hey thuy. >> she was very busy governor brown. we talked earlier about a bill on sexual assaults on college campuses but also a ban of the plastic bags. >> this makes california the first state in the nation to ban the. california now the first state to do that. it was a big priority for environmentalists. business groups not so happy. it was opposed by as you might imagine the plastic bag manufactures. and now there is talk they will collect signatures for being on

the ballot in 2016. but no doubt made a lot of people happy this week. >> overall a pretty good year for environmentists for a lot of issues. >> a lot better than last year when the governor didn't do some of the things they wanted. one thing he signed a bill requiring a public space and a path to that martins beach down south of half-moon bay. also signed a bill regulating ground water pumping in the california. and they were the last state to do that. now that is a big deal in the central valley in particular. a story in the "new york times" how small touwns are running ou of water because farmers are putting straws in the ground basically z sucking out the water. >> and they had some victories and lost a few too. >> one of the big priorities was fracking. they would have liked to see a moratorium on that. the governor made it clear testifies he wasn't goi he wasn't going there. >> and also lost a ban on or kah wails and entertainment as well.

also gun control. >> that was a big deal. obviously for people, what the bill does is allows family members to seek a restraining order to take guns away from family members they feel have mental health problems and guns. gun control advocates very happy. some law enforcement groups mixed and some gun rights are very unhappy. so this may wind up in court. >> saying it would violate the civil libtds. >> second amendment. >> right. >> look at the bill governor brown signed and those he did not. >> he marches to his own drummer. he's for some gun control. against others. he's his own person and a little unpredictable and always been that way and probably always will be. >> jerry brown is always jerry brown. on final note.

last week we rolled on interview. mr. honda has declined our request for an interview. the only confirmed debate will be monday october 6th. i'll be a panelist. airing live at 6:30 on bay area and kqed public radio 88.5 fm. >> we hope you will join in. thanks for joining us. >> and i'm thuy vuy, have a good night. support for programming on q kw

say hello to harry eldridge-- or what's left of him. he was found near guildford a couple of days ago, cut up and buried not far from the a3. the dry, sandy nature of the soil has left him pretty well preserved, wrapped in what looked like his clothes, and old newspapers. positive i.d., is it? they found a wallet among the clothing, with a credit card. dental records should confirm it. eldridge was a well-to-do butcher in smithfield market. when was this? this newspapers are dated december 19th, 1976, the day eldridge vanished. the most likely cause of death is this-- a stab wound going up into the small of the back made with a long-bladed knife. the body was cut up quite skillfully, so, doctor, surgeon... butcher. quite. the day eldridge vanished, simon lockhart, a doctor at bart's hospital, was murdered in the back of eldridge's stall in smithfield.