s reconciliation after conflict often involves reexamining painful episodes from the past. that is what is starting to happen in cyprus, as you'll hear in this week's "european journal." welcome to the brussels studios of dw-tv. the well-traveled starlings who choose to holiday at the british seaside. a photographic project helping to integrate roma children and spain. iti people often forget the

enter-ethnic violence that preceded the turkish invasion of cyprus, mass murders perpetrated by extremists on both sides. now after some of the victims have been identified, relatives have taken their case to the european court of human rights. both committees are coming under pressure to launch investigations. >> for this person, the steps down to the cellar of his house aureus -- are a sad descent into the past. turkishgunman shot his parents and gunman dead in 1974. he was 10 years old at the time and survived with severe wounds. his brother was only six. >> he was shot next to me, and he was wearing shoes for the summertime.

i was shot in three places. i was unconscious for maybe a minute. i woke up or something. i went on side that, -- i went inside, and i laid on my bed. i heard someone asking for water. >> we are on the way to the village where he was born, and now the no. turkish-controlled part of the island. this journalist brings us to the site of the massacre. her research uncovered not only a mass grave in an olive orchard, but many others as well. she says more needs to be done to reach closure. >> i would allow the two communities to work together, what to do, how to deal with the

past, what to do with the criminals who committed grave crimes against humanity. >> first it is necessary to find out what happened to those who went missing. the remains of the victims are being exhumed and dozens of places. after 36 years, it is time for the truth to come to light. the remains are brought to this united nations forensic laboratory. dna is analyzed to determine the identity of the bodies. so far, 260 out of about 2000 missing persons have been identified. >> when we reach a positive identification, we notify the family and offer the possibility to view the remains of their loved one. it is a very important step. the families have been waiting with a picture of their loved

one in their home, and it is very and poured that they realize and accept -- is very important that they realize and accept that these skeletons or their loved ones. >> this person as a turkish survivor. greek extremists wanted to kill all of the men in his village between the ages of 14 and 75. he survived the massacre, but was badly wounded. a memorial at the turkish controlled part of cyprus remembers the dead. >> this is my father. all of this will come to me in my dreams tonight. i will never be free of it. i want the perpetrators to face trial at last. i don't want money as compensation. that is not the point. i want justice, that is all. >> today, tohni, the village in

the south where he was born, or exclusively creek. the house is once belonged to ethnic turks. nobody in the public today admits to knowing anything about it. >> somebody came here and took them. the people of tohni had nothing to do with this killing. >> the future of cyprus will be shipped by how it deals with the old crimes and the question of guilt and atonement. survivors are willing to forgive, and they call on their countrymen to reconcile with each other. >> that is why i am talking toy. it is to know actly what happened, out from both sides --

from both sides, so we understata what we are in the extreme parts of one side or the other, bad things happen. >> that boy that his 6-year-old brother was carrying when he was killed, also an appeal for peace. it has been a british holiday rert since t cong of the railways in the 1840's. brighton became popular with realty, a famous automobile rally ends there, and its sheltered position on the coast mix a popular with other seasonal visitors, starlings, who over winter until spring arrives when they fly home. ñ>> when the sun tips behind the

horizon, the crowd holds its breath at the amazing spectacle unfolding before the rise. millions of starlings take to the sky of britain on the southeast coast of england. flying i iever-changing formation towards their night lodging at the end of the pier. this person is there to explain what is going on. it is not an easy job. what on earth are the starling's up to? why don't they fly in a straight line?

>> we do have peregrine falcons in britain. they will take starlings, particularly this time of year, if they are in a big number that throws off the falcons and it is much harder for them to catch an individual when there is a big flock. >> in the daytime, the starlings can be found further inland. the ground is frozen, and this part of england sees little snowfall, so it is not too hard for the birds to find food. they have migrated here from russia, scandinavia, and germany. it will fly back home in the spring after spending the winter together here. britain has a relatively mild climate all year long, appreciated by both the migratory birds and the people. but we still have not found out what is behind the birds'

perfectly choreographed evening at expert at -- evening antics. this man has developed a small camera that he could attach to the birds to follow their activities. the starlings have a 360-degree field of vision, which allows them to take cues from up to seven fellow starlings at a time. >> at the same time, the bird is also meeting to maintain its direction, speed of motion in the same way as the other individuals in the flock, and the third rule, probably speaking, is to do what everybody else is doing. >> you cannot really explain it. sometimes i think they're just flying around saying, we are starlings, having fun.

>> they don't have that much from time to have fun in brighton. before long, there will be heading home. the hungarian prime minister says one of his priorities during his psidency of the eupean council is the integration of the roma people. he'd need look no further than spain for his ideas. they're asking the gitanos what they want to be when they grow up. they're taking photographs of the children dressed up as their future jobs. and the hair dresser. -- >> hair dresser. >> lawyer. >> soccer player. >> what do you want to be when you grow up? that is the question facing these children in this southern

spanish city. today, nearly all roma children attend school, but leave without qualifications. projects like this hope to change that. the van drives up from one neighborhood to the next. she takes pictures of the children that shows what they want to be when they grow up. this girl is one of the participants. she hopes to be a teacher, and is on the right track. she pls to finishigh school and go on to university, but she is still an exception. >> my parents support me, encouraged me, and help me a lot. if i did not have that help, i would not manage it. >> she sees education as a way to overcome discrimination, and the spanish government agrees. these children are still in primary school. their parents or 15 years old when they married. like many roma, they have no

qualifications, but when a different life for their children. >> they should get an education and job-training. >> program such as these and to convince the children and their parents that education is the way out of poverty and discrimination, but it is not always easy. >> in ro ma families, there are still no role models for educational success. >> this person was the first and her family to finish h hh school and get a law degree, despite the odds facing her. now she works for a foundation that promotes educational initiatives, like the photo campaign. >> right now, it seems like we can be discriminated against with impunity. we have to raise social

awareness to end that. society should not exclude us, stereotype us, or discriminate against us, but we also need to use education to advance our cause. if we do that, we will have taken a great step forward towards integration. >> to encourage these efforts, spain is investing in social initiatives. there are 50 roma centers like this with funding from the spanish government and the e.u. they teach masonry, plaster, and painting. most of them are school dropouts, but here they received 18 months of vocational training. >> before the financial crisis, we placed more than half the young lads on the labour market. now it is a bit more difficult because the construction sector is struggling.

>> in the past, many roma did not want jobs like these, but that has changed, and these young men dream of steady work and their apartments. >> we used to be literate, did not know anything. it was different 30 years ago, but today we get training. but we are still not completely integrated. we will see if we can manage. >> for most roma in spain, living standards have changed for the better, but that does not mean all difficulties have been solved. most still live on the meager incomes. this girl wants to keep studying, unlike some young roma not afraid that she will lose her cultural identity. >> i am the same person i was before, just more educated, but i will always be roma. that will always be part of me.

>> a roma with strong family ties, cultural heritage, and she hopes a good education. e.u. leaders meet soon for the first energy summit. they're like to secure supplies and reduce reliance on external sources. in france, nuclear power provides most of the energy and the people seem content to live with power stations as their neighbors. the reprocessing plant at cap de la hague in the north is the area's largest employer, and most locals are 80's with it. -- most locals are at ease with it. >> the northern tip of normandy is a beautiful part of france. many areas remain totally on spoiled. -- unspoiled.

but this landscape is not known best for its beauty but what has to be its ugliest building complex, a nuclear reprocessing plant. it covers 300 hectares, sealed with barbed wire, reminiscent of the former german border. what goes on inside of these buildings seems to worry germans more than the locals, but there are exceptions. this person was born at in cap de la hague. when he was younger, he worked as a mechanic nearby, building nuclear submarines. over the years, his opposition to the nuclear industry grew. he now works for greenpeace, observing the cap de la hague nuclear plant. >> it was originally touted as a miracle solution. it took waste from other countries. people were given the idea to waste just disappeared.

but the constant transport of nuclear waste to places like this shows that nothing disappears. all the plant does is change it to clear waste. >> the company which runs the reprocessing plant takes a very different view, of course. when we are visiting, the show a system that they believe -- a choice system that they believe is the perfect energy solution. the radioactive fuel rods are taken out of their special purpose containers and cooled in huge water baths. the engineers control everything with an aging computer system. once cooled, the fuel rods are broken down into their basic chemical components. most of them can be reused for nuclear power generation, as the

plant's technical director explains. >> it is like with a used battery. 96% of the energy that still remains can be reused. >> but what they did not explain is that in practice, the energy is rarely recycled because the uranium would have to be in which began, which is complex and expensive. only about 1% of each fuel rod is recycled. the rest has to be stored indefinitely. >> that is the decision of our customers, who own the material. our job is to simply break down the product so it is reusable. >> this person believes the plant is a major threat to the environment. he takes us to a deserted bay, where he says an underground pipe leads far out to sea, pumping out radioactive water

from the plant. >> the pipe is 4 kilometers long and leads into an ocean current. the idea is to dilute the radioactivity. >> grepeac divers filmed this footage of the pipe on the seabed. they also carry out readings from time to time they say the radioactivity is spread out, but it does not disappear, which means the marine life is also contaminate it. i>> it is like russian roulette. some animals are hardly radioactive, but we have other fish and crabs that are purely nuclear waste. >> so far, local residents ar more convinced by the company then by greenpeace. most of them have jobs linked to the nuclear industry. there is an active power plant in the area with two nuclear

reactors and there is a third under construction. there are few opponents to the industry. >> two generations of people have worked for the nuclear industry. there are also small companies that rely on it. we cannot spend our lives been afraid. nothing serious has ever happened. >> the greenpea offe in the center of town appears to be a lone opponent. but this person is not letting it get to him. >> nobody has ever broken our windows or anything perry people could accuse us of trying to ruin the local industry, but even workers at the plant say it is good we a a here, and without our monitoring, the company would just d dwhat they want. >> their record every visible movement of the nlear industry in northern normandy, and there

are plenty. fuel rods from the u.k. and japan arrive at the dock. while they triggered major protests in germany, the shipments of nuclear waste go virtually unnoticed here as they travel along local roads in trucks. changing a place name is never popular, but it has sparked outrage in nmar 57% of the population of aarhus want to retain their spelling. the mayor has decided to change the spelling, pronunciation, but now that matches its website. in any case, it means returning to the we have had been for centuries, until 1948. >> aarhus has ambition. the wants to become as well- known in beijing, rio, and new

york, as it is in denmark. that is why it is now spelled with two "a's" instead of a ring above the "a." >> what can i say, times change. >> at this time of year, it tends to be foggy and gray, but the locals are used to that. the vikings christened it the town aros. trade flourished in the middle ages and grew steadily. today, around a quarter of the town's at 250,000 residents are students a. how did the townspeople feel about the name change? >> germans would never change

the name of munich just because nobody uses the spelling. >> it costs so much money, changing tterheads, and all the paperwork involved. >> i think it is ok. used to be written with two "a 's." >> the mayor pushed through the map name change. he sees it both as a return to tradition and innovation that will benefit the city internationally. >> by giving up the scandinavian spelling, we're able to communicatmore easilwith the rest of the world and it is easier for everyone to find. >> aarhus is keen to raise its profile and has raised a bid to become a european capital of culture in 2017. until now, aarhus has been

traditionally overshadowed by the capital, copenhagen. the locals hope things will change. >> our art museum alone will bring a lot of funds. >> over in the city's main advertising agency, the jury is still out on the new spelling. many actually thought the old brain above the "a" was a unique selling point -- the old ring above the "a" was a unique selling point. >> we like to focus on what sets us apart from the rest. we look for characteristics that no one else has. >> does this mean everything in denmark not spelled funny will

have to follow suit? of course not. with its "aa" aarhus wants to make sure it is at the top of the list of wowod cities. but what will happen now that it is really on the map? >> almost every city has a local airport. we do not. our airport is really far away, in the countryside. what will happen when the world discovers us? >> a new airport is not a top priority. for the time being, the city planners are busy enough replacing all the street signs. as juliet said, a rose by

any other name would smell as sweet. at least it sounds the same. that is it for today. join us for another "european journal" next week. until then, good bye from brussels. captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.org--g