this is june 12th, through the decades. just hours after the stroke of midnight, the spark that would ignite the "freedom summer." the day the supreme court got w. and the day a 13-year old girl received the world's most well read diary. plus, the firstwave of visitors make their way through aing's former palace. when we all learned the name "elizabeth smart." and the dawning of a truely american era, combining our love of movies with the american automobile. of the day through the lens of time.

of intermarriage." "he was retired at the age of three and in the words ofne writer, with a smile onis face." i'm ellee pai hong. i'm kerry sayers. and i'm your host, bill kurtis. this is "through the decades." and i'm your host, bill kurtis. this is "through the decades." 2's a summer that marked a turning point in the civil rights movement. at 37-years old -- the mississippi native was an early champion of the civil rights movement. evers fought for freedom in.butn returned from war to findis political rights truncatedt home. he became the first field secretary for the naacp inthe

south. space out along with organizing boycotts and public investigations -- he was instrumental in degsegregating the university of he was generating made him as much of target for opponents of political and social equality as it made him a leader. a promise that would soon be delivered. "naacp official megar evers was shot and killed by a sniper..." shortly after midnight on june 12th, 1963, evers wasunned down in the driveway of his home... down in the driveway of his home...

kennedy energize the country with a landmark speech on civil rights... "this afternoon, following a series of threats..." he demanded equality and pushed to abolish discrimination- based on race, color, sex or. "this nation was founded byen of many nations and backgrounds. it was founded on the principlethat all men are created equal." the principlethat all men are created equal." demonstrations occurred in evers' hometowno protest the killing. they continued during the funeral procession at included more than five thousand mourners. police violently clashed with some in the crowd. man free his folks has to be able to sacrifice what it comes." on his way back from the

funeral..diplomat, educator and nobel peace prize laureate..ralph bunche wrote: "had there been any conscience or sense of decency among the white citizens of jackson,hey would have flocked toheice for r evers as a mild expression of their shame over the outrage for which they and jackson must bear responsibility. they did notome. one must conclude that white jackson of today has the that white jackson of today has the free. we shall overcome someday." with full military honors at "he believed in his country. it now remains to be seen whetheri

community to continue he's work. ime that i havewo interests in life. one is the happiness and the security of my children that are left behind. it that in vain." and he would not. the executiona pivotal moment in the civil)w rights movement.... "the gun that was pointed at his back was also pointed at the head of every negro here. everyegro in the united states .

negro who asked the question how much longer than a full century since the civil war must we wait to be first class citizens?" the question myrlie evers askedk notice and political pressure began to mount for national action to support theivil rights movement. "if he were here to speak to you tonight, i feel he would tell you to not to mourn for him in silence. but to mourn for him, out and doing everything legally, morally, physically, mentally possible that you could to help end this struggle here in mourned loudly. the violence that struck medgar

evers would be only a taste of what was to come. that had not yet witnessed the stream of assassinations that shocked the country later on thatdecade... and urged 'those with a conscience' to take uphe campaign for justice. byron de la beckwith had beenr'. the course of the next year, and de la beckwith was released. more than 30 years later -- justice was finally served whenh guilty of murder...he was sentenced to serve the rest of his life in prison. he died behind bars in 2001. questions about race would again be at the center of the coversation in 1967... when it took the supreme court ofhe united states to finallyecide

that richard loving andildred jeter could get married. the two had tried said their "i do's" almost a decade earlier. the problem-- . she was black , he was white and they lived in virginia, one of 16 states where interracial marriages were illegal. stopped dating and then we started again and then got married." "in all the field or race relations, probably nothing is more sensitive than the issue of intermarriage." "the constitutional questions dramatized now in virginia in the case of mr. and mrs. richard loving who grew upn." "we were married on the 2nd day of june." "mr. loving, the court of virigina found you guiltyfeir ld do? were you supposed to divorce or what?"

"they said i had to leave the "what happened after that?" "and took your wife with you?" "that's right. that's the way i feel about it again. if it's necessary, i'll leave again and take her. i'm not gonna divorce her." being told they had to leave virginia. while there,ildred contacted attorney general robert f. kennedy for help. later she would say, she wasn't trying to get involved in civil rights she just wanted to go home. and their families were on theirel about the dating and the getting married? well they really didn't have anything to say about it, you know. they didn't express an opinion either way. they knew i was going to get married and they didn't say anything." "no. they knew it. and they

always said when i got 18earsry" told them you were going to get "they said it's up to you.they just happened..." richard's mother, lolaonfirmed as much when she spoke to a reporter "now that they've married, do they see them as being happy? "they seem to be very happy every time i see themogether. well anyway, i've been in their home and they're happy and i've been in the car with them and they're happy." after contacting the attorney general, he referred the lovings to the aclu. their case wound up in the supreme court. on june 12th, 1967, 9 years after the fight began, the scotus ruled in loving. virginia that interracial couples could marry and live together in the statef virgina. the lovings were finally able to move back home and raise

their family. since then, june12th is unofficially known as loving day, a day that commemorates theupreme court's landmark decision , to overturn state laws against interracial marriage. decades," opening the doors on a memphis home-- fit for a king. the horse that ran straight into legend. and the momentous occassion that was marked with a hot dog. and the momentous occassion that was marked with a hot dog.

a king, and the era he reigned. in 1982-- the doors of that memphis estate would open to his fans. "i'm happy to announce, as youge s presley." that decision didn't come easy-- but it is one that's keepinglvis' legacy alive decades after he exited the stage. graceland opened the second week of june, 1982 --- and those that would be nothing but a success. that would be nothing but a success.

the body of elvis presley from a funeral home through city streets to graceland, presley's 14 acre estate" to get a look at their hero's grave." "some have maintained a vigil for hours in front of a wroughtt high brick wall surrounding the estate. others had driven hundreds of miles to getere and were caught in a traffic jam on elvis presley boulevard in front of the mansion." as mourners held vigils outside--- there wasn't thought that those same fans would some day be able to walk inside those gates--- andee the way their music heroived in the final 20 years of his heard the news. i just can't believe it. i just wish he would come back"

putting pressure on the family toun the estate. faced with a bill of 500- thousand per year justor graceland's upkeep -- his ex- wife priscilla presley was faced with a choice: sell the property--- or try to have it pay for itself--- and then some. home for a long time. and, uh, it had to go beyond that and i guess reality and economics is a major point, so it has to go beyond emotions." three-thousand visitors that first week --- graceland actually sold out of five dollar tickets for its opening day. "five dollars may seem like no't a try, and if we can maintain this then we hope to do this. witht to do the best

the estate borrowed half-a- million to invest in the property to get it ready--- but made that back and more in just a little more than four weeks time. to this day--- graceland averages more than 500-ndred- thousand visitors a year. "i found in life that you're not always going, people are not ng the right thing, but the problem is we're dealing with economics here. and ifhere's to be a graceland at all, this is the way we have to do it." the way they did it was open the first floor and all the grounds to any fans who bought a ticket. garages full of cars-- rows of trophies--- and endless cases of costumes

and gold records. had it at one time---eaturing some of the most extravagant designs from the 50's, 60's, and 70's. elvis' former stuff--- it's the place where he's buried. parents, and his grandmother. it's a site that has a near constant stream of flowers and candles--- all theseecades later. the king may be dead-- but graceland will forever keep him alive. a memphis and american landmark-- that's stood the test of time thanks to a decision to open it up "i think he'd be very pleased to know that it was shown in this way and very happy." in sports ... there are some moments that stand alonen our m. on june 9th, 1973. it took only

minutes for a big red colt named straightnto the stuff of legend. straightnto the stuff of legend. won the belmont stakes by thirty one lengths ... winner in twenty five years ... faster ... or by a greater margin since and at that moment ... secretariat was no longer just a horse he was a king of sports ... a legend ... his name forever etched among the greats. his victory quickly transcendedn

exhausted from a vietnam war in at its center. american hero ... and though his 21 race career lasted just one year ... his fame continued long after ... standing as a powerful model of greatness. "he was retired at the age of three and in the words of onesms face." incurable hoof condition. but the name and legacy left behind still commands sporting's greatest respect. and while 11 other horses havetn as secretariat. as secretariat. and 13 years later on this day

she'd get a birthday gift, one that would become the world's most well read diary. america when we learned selling a record could land you in jail. a record could land you in jail. on

history. in 1806-- john augustus roeblin was born in prussia. his crowning achievement, the brooklyn bridge that spans the east river. by far the world's longest suspension bridge. in 1929, anne frank was born in

anne received a diary as a birthday present in which she would chronicle her and her family's experiences hiding from theazis. after her death, anne's and go on to become one of the most well read memoirs of all time. his mily's life-- but the whole world's-- when this grammy award winning jazz composer was born in 1941. a president picks a truly american way to welcome royalty, for any sign of a missing teenage girl and the escape that took an icon and turned it into a legend. "throug

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and on this day the first)w automat in the u.s. openedtsila. the fast food restaurant of its day ... automats usedelf- serving vending machines instead of servers. forerunner to the modern gas mask ... was patented. ...the gas mask would later become a matter of life and death on the western front during worldatent on this day ... the swiss army knife. on june 12th, 1897 ...arl elsener registered his creation ... complete with two knife blades ... a corksscrew ...nd

wood fiber grips. blades ... a corksscrew ...nd wood fiber grips. "royal." that changed on june 11th, 1939. with europe slipping ever closero the brink of war in with europe slipping ever closero the brink of war in the cooperation between great britain and the u.s. ... sentiments were stilltrong across america ... roosevelt did something no other president had done before him ... other president had done before him ... united states ... washington on june eighth, ... they became the first reigning british monarchs to set foot on.

but roosevelt didn't want this momentous occasion to fall into the formalities that shadow most stately visits ... roosevelts brought the royal couple to their home in hyde park, new york ... for an informal picnic ...complete ... with hot dogs ... and everyone is amused." the hot dog summit ... as it would come to be known ...hadeft britain ... familiar friends ... and in short order ... roosevelt was able to convince ... not only congress ... but also the american people ... that the english plight deserved america's aide ...

owesfrankfurters ... served up a porch ... in new york. time continues here" time continues here" teenage girl--snatched from her bedroom. to the birth of a truly american combination-- the car and theovies. just about to break intohe mainstream--a time when just selling a certain album would mean jail time. all as we remember, relive and relate. but 15 years ago she was just a girl in salt lake city.

few days as the news wasilled with the story of elizabeth)w smart. just about to let out and summer vacation begin in early june002. a kidnapped 14 year old utah girl. police say elizabeth smartas abducted from her own bed inod by a lone gunman. his daughter can still hear him." "we love you." elizabeth smart was 14 years old. elizabeth smart was 14 years old. random. we don't believe itas random." "whoever has her, please leter go." "you know if you can heare, elizabeth is the sweetest girl.

she is an angel and i hope that there is no reason to takeer.ink her she is an angel and i hope that there is no reason to takeer.ink her of)w elizabeth smart. hundredsfave jh parties, hunting for the missing 14-year-old. was launched. family, friends and investigators would canvas the community...looking for clues.. ten thousand dollar reward for information leading tohe return of elizabeth." best support from our neighbors,riends, business associates, the place, some that we don't even know. they've just--it-- it's just unbelievable. i mean, we've just really had--oh, it's like a

family,u know, just an unbelievable outpouring of help and--and support to our family. we just can't thank had been there to try and help and--and--and do whatever they possibly can to help us get our daughter back." the media more about the night of the abduction.... shared a bedroomith elizabeth...and was there when her sister was taken. the scene...bringing the story to those all around the country. "now the house is big. seven bedrooms. nearly seventhousand square feet. and it's up for sale. right now the policere looking at list of peoplewho toured the home from possible leads."

still missing... but it suddenly occurred to elizabeths' younger sisterhat the kidnapper's voice was familiar...that he hadnce worked in their home as a handyman... discovered it was brianavid mitchell. in february, 2003, america's most wanted first aired a sketch of mitchell and later, his the case. "we begin this evening with a stunning development, late in the day, in another story many americans followed closely. the disappearance of a teen-age girl, abducted from her home in utah nine months ago. elizabeth smart has been found aliven the salt lake city suburb of sandy. correspondent jerryur cbt coast bureau, has this late- breaking story. jerry." "dan, her family calls it a miracle, the safe returnf elizabeth--elizabeth smart,

found today in the car of a self-styled street preacher during a routine traffic stop. the man, brian daviditchell, had been sought by police in the case, and was seen by two citizens who called the authorities. with mitchelln the car was a woman and teenager wearing a wig. that teenager was elizabeth smart." brian mitchell...and his wife wanda barzee were arrested andm. grateful for their daughter's safe return... she was there i just--i couldn't believe it. i--i just couldn'tat sitting there on the sofa and i just went up and grabbed her and just was so happy. she is here and she is alive and she is well. and i just have no ideaugh for the past nine months, but it's just so--so absolutely wonderful

tohave her, to know that she'sty again." eye wasn't over. in 2003... just as she was recovering from her harrowing ordeal... she and her family would stand alongside president bush when he signed a bill creating the nationalmber alert system. after she was abducted-- elizabeth smart would looknto the eyes of brian mitchell-- waa judge hand down a double life sentence. established music genre it is today. for much of america-- the introduction to rap came inhe form of a group fromiami called 2 live crew. album obscene. crime charged .. selling obscene

material." record store owner charles freeman was arrested in fort lauderdale, june 8th, 1990. cases." his crime-- selling 2 live crew's "as nasty as theyanna be" to an undercover officer. "it's the latest turn in a nationwide controversy over what is art, what is smut and whogets to decide." "2 live crew with the clean version of 'me so horny'n power 96." of 2 live crew until a few weeks up in the center of an obscenity battle in florida." just a few days later in nearby hollywood, floridaor performing songs from the album. in front of an adult audience. and do you judge, have the right you want

states of that right right." at its peak when 2 live crew hit lot of people don't like it." back in the 1980's, there was growing criticism of rock music in general as cbs's phil jones reports. "it is believed to be the biggest media event inhe history of congressional hearings. no not on theudget or deficit but on raunchy lyrics in rock music." legs are strapped, you're going under the blade." "rock lyrics have turned from 'i can't get no satisfaction' to 'i'm going to force you at gunpoint to eat me alive' ." "it was those two political spouses, ttreasury secretary james baker and senator al gore's wives who started this public campaign to get record

companies to label their products." considering mandatory record labeling measures. to prevent regulation, the record industry volunteered to place parental advisory stickers cautioning against offensive content. that was enough for 2 live crew's album. but instead of gettingshut down, the controversy and attention made the band... free speech heroes..... "my defense is the first amendment." "'nasty' sold one point three)w million. i got a platinum record up there in my office before all this happened. now it's up to one point seven now. sold 45he week." few years later and the band was never convicted.

"good, fun, clean sex." but that was cold comfort for. he was fined one thousand dolaars for his offense. and with mounting legal bills, he was forced to sell his store. it stood as a message to criminals. but on this day the hunt was on for three men who may have pulled off what so many before)w had tried. american icon. american icon.

tax it's what allows the feds to withhold cash from your paycheck. the years. 862. when the federal government needed help financing theivil war. was repealed entirely. was repealed entirely. 19th century... but it affected...very few. in 1913...income tax became a

standard...with the 16th- amendment. but people were responsibleo do the math and pay up once a year on march 15. tax withholding came back aew years later to fund world war 1. but employers complained... they didn't want the burden to collect the money. so by 1917...tax withholding was thrown out...and wouldn't resurface for 18 years. congress forced back it on employers in 1935...withhe social security act. and that paved the way...for the system we follow today. it was on this day in 1943...congress enacted the "current tax payment act." world war ii was the justification. but collecting at the source worked...and its the system that's stuck every since. from al capone to -- whitey bulger-- alcatraz housed some of the country's most dangerous criminals. escape the island in san francisco bay known asthe rock." three men to ever escape and not be found dead--- made their getaway.

a former prison once considered a fortress. "when that cell door slammed shut, it's a sound that i had never heard before in prison. and it sounds like it's thend of earth when that cell door slams shut." in 29 years of operation-- prisoners tried to escapes. escape attempts, some of which had been very violent." reason the prison housed some ofthe countries most violent offenders. "when you're in alcatraz,ou're cut off from the world. there's no newspapers, no radio, nobody tells you what's going on out there." frank morris--- admitted was "ingenious." admitted was "ingenious."

only "escape-proof" prison. morris and the anglins spent six months chiseling holes in their cell with makeshift tools. retro-fitted a musical instrument to use as a pump tott rafts. paint-- and put them on their pillows so guards wouldn't get suspicious during bed-checks. after june 11th, 1962-- theyear no one knows for sure if morrisn accomplice may have helped them.

decade looking for answers-- but with no trace of their whereabouts--- the investigation was called off in 1979 . dead--- there's no proof that they're alive. dead--- there's no proof that they're alive. itsraz closed its doors in may of 1963. irons the last 27 of its1,500 prisoners leave the crumbling, unsalvageable fortress forore modern federal penitentiaries." four-sitors a day. "i still don't believe it's such so i don't see the..myife understands it, but i don't understand it."

it may not make sense for former inmates like him-- but incredible stories like the disappearance of three inmates from "the rock" only make alcatraz an even more intriguing piece of american history. intriguing piece of american history. decades" a legendary voice steps into the studio for the first time. weekly visit. bring the family. bring your friends. there are always wonderful new snacks to nibble." there are always wonderful new snacks to nibble."

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thrills, the adventure and the best of africa back home to you. kalahari resorts. coming to the pocono mountains summer 2015. book now at kalahariresorts.com first lady of song records her first two songs, the supremes reign supreme, and some of taleh on june 12th, 1935jazzll of vocalist, ella fitzgerald recorded her first songs at the age of 17. kisses" and "i'll chase the blues away." my arms again" hit number one. fame inducted new members little

richard, van morrison, queen, and phil collins. all but dead these days. but there was a time when it had a distinct role in the american experience. jersey, in june nineteen thirty-three. jersey, in june nineteen thirty-three. in 1932 ... a man named richard hollingshead ... nailedwo sheets between two trees ... and propped up a kodak movie projector on the hood of his car ... later that year he was given a u.s. patent for his invention ... opened a year later ... off of route 30 ... in camden, new jersey ... and charged 25 cents per car ... and an additional 25 cents perperson ...

beware" ... starring adolphe menjou ... the inaugural drive-in theater only operated for another three years ... but by that time ... hollingshead's creation was catching on across the country ... welcome to our drive-in theater." the biggest hurdle for early drive-ins ... was the sound ... the original had speakers buil' others experimented with a row of speakers in front of the cars ... but in 1941 ... r-c-a introduced in-car speakers ... a monumental feature ... drive-in theaters were ateak.. favorite, ice cold, tasty and thirst quenching. and hot dogs, showtime." showtime."

thousand drive-in theaters... but that boom would be short- lived ... the rise of home entertainment ... and soaring land prices ...oth hit attendence hard ... ==sfx_thunderdryrumbles pe05090 @ :00== not to mention ... drive-ns were always at the mercyf mother nature ... the drop-off was ratheruick ... something drive-inperators tried to stave off with added attractions. like restaurants and playgrounds ... "we've got delicious sandwiches with all the trimmings and your other dinner favorites, plus whatever you want to drink." but by the 1980's ... outside competition ... everything from v-h-s ... to multiplexes ... was becoming too difficult to. and more than three quarters of drive-ins had closed ... but after a lull of about 20 years ... the amusement ofa bygone era started to enjoyal .. "drive-in movie theatersre

making a big comeback." "there's no denying theood wholesome appeal of therive- in." in small corners of theountry ... several hundred drive-in theaters remain ... standing as novelties more than anything else... playingo nostalgic audiences ... ever since i was a little kid." "the overlook drive-in has been a film favorite for 65ears,ing m animated classics to bigudget blockbusters, all via thereat outdoors." this wonderful kind ofetro feel." retro has a way ofsidestepping and the drive-in is certainlye proof of that ... though it's not theighty screen it once was ... it still flickers with life ... old timer ... goodnight. we sincerely appreciate your patronagend hope we've succeeded in bringing you an enjoyable evening of entertainment. please

drive home carefully and come back again soon." our journey through the lens ofn e decades."

e decades." to define a vice president.

our journey through the lens of time continues all day on decades. later today, anne frank ander remarkable journey areprofiles on "the greats." we'll also go west with bonanza and daniel boone. but up next, the challenge of interracial love in the 60's... as michelle pheiffer stars in "love field." this is "through the decades." thanks for joining us,m bill this is "through the decades." thanks for joining us,m bill kurtis.

[captioning funded by cbs sports division] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] jim: hello, everyone, welcome to the "cbs sports desk" presented by century link. i'm bill macatee. last night, in major league baseball action, seattle's felix hernandez took the hill against the a.l. leading astros and he got lit up. houston erupted for