this is "through the decades" we look back at the crash of passenger jet and an investigation shrouded in mystery. when the debut of a movie sparked violence across the country. the start of what would become an american icon. here we relive, remember and relate to the news and trends of the day through the lens of time. hazard "the society in which the film was made incited the violence" "eyewitnesses watched in horror as plane carrying 228 began breaking apart in midair." and i'm kerry sayers. and i'm your host, bill kurtis. this is "through the decades." and i'm your host, bill kurtis. this is "through the decades." had

york's jfk airport en they were minutes into the flight when the plane explodedse ocean. american history and the cause of the crash would take investigators years to unravel. "what was once a majesticoeing 747 with 228 people on board has come down to this. row 2 seat 2, first class, bag, an envelope filled pictures and bodies." "the plane made a normallight earlier yesterday from athens to control left

new york's kennedy airport for paris. but about 15 miles southeast of long island, the jet abruptly disappeared from radar rocked by an explosion that could be seen and heard for miles." "i saw this wholeremendous area of white cloud up there which was obviously smoke and it sort of came down in a trail into the ocean." "eyewitnesses watched in horror as plane carrying 228 people began breaking apart in midair." "i kept thinking my god; iustt f the sky." is the second deadliest crash inor and maybe it wasn't anccident. sources tell cbs news, that at this hour investigators really are looking at only two possiblexplanations. one, and the lesser theory, a possible catastrophic engine failure that maybe or two, a bomb which exploded high in the air."

the jumbo jet from the watery the jumbo jet from the watery crash began searching for signs of sabotage." in the days thatollowed, without conclusive evidence, a number of theories surfaced. "while the fbi has yet to formally label the downing of twa flight 800, an act of terrorism, the white house chief of staff said today that is the investigators leading theory. leon panetta speaking to reporters on air force one said thatuote, 'chemical leftovers had beenrecd panetta suggested the fbi mb in the next 24 to 48 hours." "but panetta's prediction seemed to take investigators off guard and before the afternoon was over the white house backed off saying although residue was found, there was no positive identification that it came from explosives."

"sources told cbs news that they still do not have a single piece of solid physical evidence pointing to a bomb. no traces of chemical residue and no signs of an explosion." "in addition to bombcenario, another major theory investigators are following is that flight 800 may have been brought down by a missile. at the pentagon today, spokesman ken bacon addressed that possibility." "there were some eyewitness accounts that make it sound as if a missile could have been involved. there is precious else to support that at this stage. nothing in the radar leads anybody to believe thathere was a missile involved." after the black boxes were found and examined, it looked like investigators were closing in on the bomb theory "a mysterious sound thatast just a fraction of a second may hold the key to the crash of twa flight 800. it the cockpit voice recorder before the plane crashed into the atlantic and experts are trying right now to identify it to determine whether it's the sound of an onboard explosion perhaps used by a bomb." "this in fact is the first

substantive piece of evidence that points to explosion as the most likely cause of "a day long review of the plane's black box recorders suggests a catastrophic and sudden end to the flight of "the fbi insists that to date they still have not one single piece of solid physical evidence confirming an explosion but they say that soon they hope to retrieve some wreckage from the ocean that can prove it was a doave any doubts." more than a year after the crash, the fbi said there was no evidence of a criminal act. it would take four years and millions of dollars for the the national transportation safety board's conclusion. the probable cause of the accident was a fuel tank explosion caused by an. in the years that followed, the theories about what brought

down flight 800 continue as does the pain of those "this is the scene right here." "pausing to remember withoses - his wife pam, his 10-year-old daughter shannon, his youngest, 8 year-old katie." "i've lostverything. everything that you live for." it was a coming of age story for rarely saw depictions of their "boyz 'n the hood" took the streets of l.a mainstreamtry way or not. 1991, very few were prepared for the reaction. "can we have one night when there ain't no fighting and nobody gets shot?" the answer, this week in991, was 'apparently not.' "boyz 'n the hood" arrived in the midst of a cultural awakening. "i think it's a message that needs to be said."

but that message about life inns intially deafened by a symptom of why the filmas so groundbreaking in the first place. "so i just hope that people take and let them in their hearts so that they can be touched and they can be affected, however they're affected." they were characters at the time that had rarely ever been seen on film: young, black men left behind by society. "tre, wanted to work his way up." "ricky was looking for a better life." "doughboy was living by the laws of the street." it was a storfrom the mind of director john singleton, a 23- year-old visionary just out of u.s.c. film us in america is centered onackn this country. it's

have to do is we have to be strong and try to circumvent that, you know, and take charge of our families and that's what i'm trying to say in this movie" "this is the result of about four years hard work on his part and he was very clear about what he wanted from trusting him and going with the flow." after making the film on a budget of just under six million, "boyz 'n the hood" dazzled audiences at the cannes film festival in france. "i'm pretty sure john wasappy at the response the french people gave him when the movie was over. you know, i now with a movie that's been taken serious in europe, so it's like the states can't do really nothing but take us serious, you know." but when it did finally open in the u.s. -

"good evening, theater ownersn several cities today canceled showings of the inner city drama 'boyz 'n the hood' after a bizarre spasm of violence during last night's debut of the movie left oneat least 23 wounded in cities across the country." "well we know one person was shot in the buttocks, one person was shot, received a gunshot wound to the knee, an ankle." on july 13, 1991, the public saw images of outbursts of gang violence at the first showings of the film. "in all at least six people were knives or guns were drawn in suburban new york, and ohio, minnesota, texas, wisconsin, and massachusetts." for inciting violence. "something wrong?" too bad you don't know what it is" "the film didn't incitehe violence. the society in which the film was made incited the violence. you know? i

doing the shooting and make them disenfranchised with the american educational to get, or put them in the correctional facility so they can learn how tobe better criminals. i didn't do that, you see, the film didn't do that." "the violence happenedecause when the theater was overbooked, the kids thought they were being disrespected. they're very vocal in their disapproval of that." jack city" a film that was one of a handful in the early '90s to tackle the urban plight of african american neighborhoods. it was a uneasy climate about to erupt in the form of the april 1992 l.a. riots. joined by "juice" -- "menaceo society" and right alongside the mainstream emergence of rap, "boyz 'n the hood"- became a powerful message for african americans attempting to bring awareness to real

americans attempting to bring awareness to real long. "unfortunately this is something that's going on in our neighborhoods. and it's not something that one, two or issues that are coming from,om f different directions" "boyz" brought in ten million dollars during its first weekend, nearly doubling what it cost to make in three days. singleton would be nominated for directing anscreenplay oscars that year. but perhaps most important to him and the community that raised him, singleton delivered a message about what it was like to grow up black and poor in the united states. "either they don't know. don't show. don't care about what'sho" a wake up call for millions of americans who had turned a blind eye to the still-relavent reasons it got that

"it's like this country breeds illiteracy. and an emphasis on, you know just like, power from a gun, then power from the mind. and it's like, didn't start that, you know what i'm saying. my film is about love and family love and family all that isn't. you see." all that isn't. you see." going to lose you to no bullet." the release of asychedelic movie that helped give birth to. the release of asychedelic movie that helped give birth to. but an industry, a lifestyle and an aspiration. and the horse that brokehee sta. it's still to come onthrough the decades" it's still to come onthrough the decades"

when we look back, we often see things become much more then what they were originally intended. that certainly rings true for a collection of white, block letters protruding from a hillside above los angeles, california. the hollywood sign, officially dedicated this week in 1923. meant as a short-term advertisement but would evolve into a symbol recognized around the world. "yes night will fall ast celestl

stars motionicture luminaries and dust will envelope theost glamorous city in the world - hollywood." with already established prestige. an incubator for some ofhe world's greatest celebrities. for something that just two decades prior new land development. the hollywood sign firstracedlan real estate developers used it to draw attention to a housing development

situated above l.a.'sollywood district. each of the thirteen letters stood 50 feet tall the budding business those letters overlooked would giveew. "hollywood, the city ofagic, where some find aladdin's lamp and all their dreams come true." by the time ofollywood's golden age, the hollywood sign was inad shape and many in los angeles were calling for it to be torn down. but in 1949, theollywood chamber of commerce came to the rescue. they wanted a symbol forhat had quickly come to define their remained. and grew into annstantly recognizable landmark and piece of popular culture. the very symbol of a placend the industry it nurtured.

fantasy. hollywood. glorified glittering fascinating fabulous thical kingdom. hollywood. the glamour capital of the world." as horse racing's triple crown. the names of those who haveon it resonate in the lore of the track. but for one horse, fame wasn't what his owner was looking for. and this week in 1951, citation set a standard in the sport of kings. "in the homestretch, it's all over but the statistics. yes, " what citation pulled off in his career is best illustrated in the cold reality of cash. were making less than three grand a new car for around

$1200, a house for less than $8000. but citation's ownerarren wright his mind on a single goal racingsirst while citations' bloodlines were rather ordinary, what he went on to accomplish was anything but. as a two year old, he wonine of 10 races. then followed that up with the greatest season of 10 races. then followed that up with the greatest season ine,ad keeping all thet just the right moment the jockey arcaro let him loose. he was soon passing chow town and on his way to victory." as a three year old, he won 19 of his 20 races including reaching horse racings's holy grail. "they're off! citation stumbling as he breaks out of the gate but then settling down for the long mile and a

half ride." "this fleet winner of the derby, the preakness and now the belmont stakes. that makes it the triple crown." citation became the eighth triple crown winner in horse racing history securing his legacy. and he wasn't done. citation won nine more racesn his way to being named horse of the year in 1948. he'd sit out the entire 1949 season with an injury but wright's chase of a million brought citation back to the track as a five year old. though well past his prime,n july 14, 1951 citation's win at the hollywood gold cup in inglewood made him the sports first millionaire. months earlier. still citation's triple crown would stand as the benchmark of greatness until 1973 whenly ended the quarter century drought. one that would help cement citation's legacy.

the allied powers come togethere after the second world war. trusted newsman the journey continues next on "through the decades." the journey continues next on "through the decades."

♪ (vo) you can pass down a subaru forester. (dad) she's all yours. (vo) but you get to keep the memories. love. it's what makes a subaru, a subaru. phyliss dler was born july7 in 1917. she was well known for her eccentric wardrobe, her self- depcrecating humor and unique laugh. nils bohlin was born the same day in 1920. bohlin was a swedish inventor who created the three-point safety belt while working at volvo. david hasselhoff also came into this world on july 17, 1952. "the hoff" made his name on tv in "knight rider" and "baywatch" the world lost one of the greats in american jazz july 17, 1959.

the age of 44 after years of drug abuse and drinking. walter cronkite anchored the cbs evening news for 19 years and was widely consideredhe most trusted man in america. and was widely consideredhe most trusted man in america. an invention that revolutionizes the way we listen to music and the smokescreen clears ona cover-up by big tobacco. cover-up by big tobacco.

oh my gosh, it's the guy from last night. what?! can i jump on your wi-fi? yeah, you can try it. hey! i had a really good time last night. yeah, me too. the only thing is that... the only thing is what? what's the only thing? oh my gosh he's married. he's a kleptomaniac. he's a pyromaniac. he's a total maniac. hey! hey! go back to your wife you sociopath! leave slow internet behind. the 100% fiber optics network is here. get out of the past. get fios. now $79.99 a month. go online or call now. call the verizon center for customers with disabilities at 800.974.6006 tty/v in

california. disneyland was built on60 acres of former orange groves in anaheim and cost 17 million touild. today, the park hosts morehan 14 million visitors a year who spend close to three billion. and in 1972, the first two women to join the fbi as agents began their training at quantico, virginia. malone and former nun joanne pierce misko completed the 14- week training and 40 years later were honored for their groundbreaking service.

the military aircraft was engineered to deliver weapons behind enemy lines and evade soviet air defenses. in 1945, president harry s. e minister winston churchill final allied summit of world war ii. the three leaders gathered to decide how to administer punishment to the defeated nazi germany which had agreed to unconditional surrender nine weeks earlier. the quake caused a large, new undersea landslide which in turn triggered a tsunami that hit the country's coast killing more than 2200 people. and in 2001, the supersonice waa

devastating crash in france that killed 113 people concorde would hang on for another two years before it was retired in 2003 due to a general aviation industry. before she retired to become theo. in 1956, the movie musical "high society" also starring, louis armstrong, bing crosby and frank sinatra opened in theaters around the united states. in 1968, the beatles' animated feature film "yellow submarine" premiered. the movie is credited with bringing more interest in animation as a serious art form. and in 1987, ozzy osbourne

began a 16 week tour of u.s. prisons. prisons. lovers and a curse for music creators. store birth to a future of that file name is better known as the "m-p-three" and it offically got its name this week in 1995. in the '80s, the compact disc became the next best way for fans to enjoy music. but when the internet came along, cd's would actually be behind a revolution of the music industry. a revolution that officially began on july 14, 1995. compact discs store high- quality digital music files. '90s were too big for personal

computers. that created a challenge for. d they shrink file sizes so they could be uploaded to computers and potentially shared or downloaded on the internet? they needed to be compressed. a group of german non-profit engineers working for the fraunhofer network of institutes started to develop an easy-to-understand concept. takes up roughly 32 megabytes of data. data is inaudible to the human ear. so if those engineers could shed that extra data from an audio file all of a sudden, songs would become small on july 14, 1995, dot-m-p-threee using that type of compression. like napster to create file-sharing

. launch its i-tunes store, a point when legal downloads began to takeover. the fraunhofer network filed the patents along the way and wouldeap the benefits. the new york times reported that licencing fees alone for organizationore than 16.8 a world and industry changing technology that was officially born on july 14, 1995. our journey continues. the master of glitz and glamour is shot down by a serial killer. congress casts a safety net to save a company fighting for its life. plus, a master spy whoelped the allied forces fool the nazi's sends his first message. but first we look at whatas making news july 17 "through the decades." making news july 17 "through the decades." his

legacy. '90s fashion. with colors so vibrant, designs wild. he embraced the outrageous. but at the height of his career, versace was shot dead on the front steps of his miami mansion, july 15, 1997. "fashion designer gianni versace was murdered today. gunned down outside his mansion in miami, florida. versace was a fashion icon. his empire spanned the worlds of the famous and perhaps the infamous." on the morning of july 15, 1997, fashion designer gianni versace was returning home from a nearby coffee shop. the ad at point-blank range. "what i do know it's not aiolen" "hundreds of police and fbi agents are searching tonight for the man tonight suspected of murdering gianni

versace in miami beach. hes the same suspect wanted in a cross-country spree that began this spring in the midwest. police have received hundreds of tips about whereht " andrew cunanan's connection too. out fbi never proved the two actually met. and cunanan's ultimate reason to end with versace is still a mystery. if gianni versace knew andrew cunanan but versace was gay. cunanan reportedly moved in big money gay circles in california." the 27-year-old killed his first victim in minneapolis in april. over the next two months, he killed three more times - again in minneapolis, then in chicago, new jersey before ending on the front steps of versace's home.

nationwide manhunt that ended eight days later. abandoned boat 40 blocks fromom. 50 threatened a multi-million dollar empire that was founded in 1978, one tied forever to the decade he left: the '90s. "gianni versace was not aan known for understatement and his mark on the fashion world was unmistankenly bold. but questions lingerbout whether the versace fashion empire lay atop a pile of dirty laundry." the '90s. he focused on the excess, flamboyance and vivid colors, we remember from the era. until july 15, 1997. "it will fundamentally affect

the business. because if itas going to float in the way it was previously being considered, then it would be based around the individual, his personality, his style, his drive. if you take that away, what have youot left? you've got a label and a delightful history of a very,n. but what you don't necessarily have is an ongoing business case that you can invest your money in." versace sales dropped after his death the early 2000s. though it remained in the family. gianni's sister, donatellawns 20-percent. his brother, santo owns thirty and gianni left a majorityf the business, 50-percent, to hisiece allegra, donatella's daughter. most americans will be able toty bailout during the great recession in 2008. was laid this week in 1971 when a

contractor received what would be one of the first of many helping hands extended by uncle sam. the line between public interest and preferential in 1971, president richard nixon was leaning in the direction of "public interest" when considering if theederal government should loan "lockheed" 250 million dollars to keep it from going the company needed the money to finish its next commercial jetliner. for six months theovernment debated the issue considering whether to stand idle while thousands lost their jobs or agree to set a critical economic precedent. it was a decision that got push forward by a senate committee on july 13, 1971. "this is the plane that lockheed

are trying to save. the l-1011 tri-ar, a commercial passenger jet" development of its "l-ten- elevenwhen it learned the engin- maker, british manufacturer rolls royce was going under and would not be able to hold up its end of the deal. "we had been aware of the technical funding and schedule difficulties, but we had been assured that they could be solved without major impact on the total program. we wereurd precipitous decision made by the rolls royce board of directors and the sudden withdrawal of the british for this key industrial firm" lockheed now needed help to avoid suffering the same fate. it was a period in american history that had just seen a similar request come from penn central railroads. "we will be pushing for and press on for the enactment of legislation on a permanent basis which would provide

up to 750 million dollarsn guaranteed loans to financially stricken railroads." that bailout plan alsoad president nixon's support but congress failed to act. penn central filed for bankruptcy before the government eventually came in and created a national railroad used a more sympathetic propaganda tool to win votes. its workers. 20 years now. if we don't get this loan, i suppose we'll all get that. i'll probably lose my car. i have no idea how i'll feed my family. probably lockheed claimedankruptcy would cost the american economy 60,000 jobs. but even nixon's ownconomic advisers, including future fedse

skeptical about the government lending arivate business money. "i think the industry is waiting for a signal here. they're goingo view this in one of two ways. either, that to stand up and be counted for, the programs you get involved in. you succeed, and if you do them poorly, you fail. if we allow - if the government allows itself to interfere in that process then the industry is going to say that you don't have to be right when you start out, there's and if you fail big enough, they'll bail you out. it's just as clear as a bell and everybody's going to read it that way" but the jobs concern rang louder and the bill passed the house and was sent out of senate committee on july 13,

"emergency loan guarantee act" three weeks later. "49 aye and 48 no. theockheed loan has passed." the bill passed by a single vote. "i think we're real happy and glad it's over with now. we can go back to doing what we do best, and that's building airplanes." "my husband and i both work here, so we both would've had to be on unemployment, so we're kind of glad that it went through." but while it was a short-rm victory for lockheed, the jet it was bailed outo make never took off. outclassed by the douglas dc0 and the boeing 747, the tri-star losthe competition and was discontinued in 1983. bail out lockheed ended up with a longer legacy than the jet itself. from chrysler-- to the savings and loan crisis--- the airlines following nine- eleven and the auto and bank bailouts in 2008. lockheed was one of the first private companies to secure

funding from the federal government because it had become "too big to fail." of smoking, big tobacco was exposed after some leaked documents reveal the truth. its next as "through the decades" continues. decades" continues.

smoking industry. documents leaked from the offices of one major company blew the roof off what was a 30-year cover-up. to pull the wool off the country's eyes. the question through the big lie technique that maybe there's not really a health question. well, i think they've lost that debate." nearly two yearsfter congressman henry waxman blasted big tobacco for what many knew already on july 13, 1995, the americanla damning report fact for three decades.

they poked holes in study- after-study that started to show smoking carried some seriousealth affects. even as the public was startin's side effects. american adults were regular smokers. by '95, that number had been adults were regular smokers. by '95, that number had been cut to spin to its advantage. "40 million americans haveuit smoking. that fact in and of itself defies the allegation that nicotine is that word is used with respect to heroin and cocaine and things that truly are

addictive. the evidence does not establish that nicotine is addictive in the sense that the anti-tobacco zealots are trying to usehat term." but documents sent to the university of california at san francisco would burn tobacco- field sized holes in that argument. firm represented brown and williamson - the makers of kool, pall mall, and lucky strike - and sent a box of four-thousand documents to this man, professor stanton glantz at ucsf. he would post all of them on the library's website to the prestigious "journal of the american medical association." "the ama'snprecedented unanimous opinion said that internal documents from one company, brown and williamson, show the tobacco industrynew the addictive and cancer- causing impact of cigarette smoking forbefore-seen move

wrote an aggressiveditorial condemning the tobacco's industry's efforts. their plan to publish them on july 13, 1995. doing. they knew tobacco caused cancer. ama had ignored the issue for years in the '60s and '70s. even refuting the initial health issues of smoking by attorney general luther terry in 1964. hazard cigarette smoking." the ama even took 18-million dollars from the tobacco industry to do tobacco-lated studies and kept quiet

about its effects for more than nine years. that's why the public skewering of big tobacco in 1995 had such an impact. the harmful effects of theiree deca, americans continue to smoke. "my feeling is also thatoffee is and alcohol is and there are a lot of things that are bad for cigarette smoking is bad for me, but i do it." "this is like the hippest thing that i know most people do, you know. i don't think it should be considered a drug." the righto know the truth and decide for themselves. on july 13 of that year, the american medical association finally told them what most americans had thought was americans had thought was tobacco

industry in americabut not the end of smoking it's estimated that 12 billion people still smoke throughout the world, every day, puffing on 15 billion according to the cdc, more than 16 million americans are living with a disease caused by smoking cigarette smoking causes 480,000 deaths a year, the largest death in the us total economic cost of smoking is more than 300 billion dollars 170 billion in direct each day, more than 3,200 people younger than 18 smoke their first cigarette and each day, anstimated 2,100

become daily smokers smokers will die 10 years earlier than nonsmokers we look back at the debut of a song that would become an anti- war anthem. and an unconventional master spy sends his first missive. and an unconventional master spy sends his first missive.

1967, love" debuted in the united states. it marked the band's 14th number one hit. that same day, the odd musical the rock legend got through only seven concerts before dropping out as the opening act for the pop band. a first 'quadraphonic' recording studio in the world. juan pujol garcia. codename: "garbo" nazis throughout world war ii. and on july 15, 1941, he initiated his grand plan.

dislike ofascism. civil war and when the nazis started world war ii, he made it his mission to, as he put it, "do somethingor the good of humanity." garcia initiallyontacted british and american intelligence agencies but both were uniterested in his services. he hoped to gain the nazis' truste as a double-agent. garcia quickly convinced the germans that he was a pro-nazi spanish government official. he was ordered to move to britain and build a spy network but instead, garcia set up camp in lisbon and began his grand

to berlin. garcia's secret weapon was hisos agents supposedly working for him throughouthe u.k. he was so detailed inis deception that the nazis could only accept his communiques as entirely authentic. his work finally got the attention of the allies in 1942 british employed him as an m-i- 5 "garbo." garbo's masterpiece would beitu" "garbo." garbo's masterpiece would beitu"

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as we look back at a mission that became a landmark achievement in human history. from the bottom of the ocean floor, a new look at the ship that was deemed unsinkable. and a deadly crash that tarnished a dynasty. that'll do it for us today. i'm bill kurtis. as we leave, one last look back

at july 17, through the decades." at july 17, through the decades."

>> glor: tonight -- the newly revealed bill cosby court documents. the comedian was able keep them private for a decade. now the details and the public fallout. veterans speak out about donald trump's ugly feud with john mccain and trump's claim that mccain was not a war hero. >> he was a war hero because he was captured. police say a drunk driver is responsible for a terrible crash that claimed the lives of at least four young women in new york's wine country. a surfer's harrowing encounter with a shark is captured live during a competition. and at the pinnacle of men's basketball, the woman who is making history. captioning sponsored by cbs this is the "cbs evening news." >> glor: i'm jeff glor. dozens of