captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.org-- >> hello and a warm welcome to european journal, coming to you from dw studios in brussels. here's what we have for you today. that atmosphere, by coal power is becoming an issue in poland. how the fund is ended for a racist comedian. greenland, meet the man who does on-the-fly haircuts. for three decades, the case has

strained relations between germany and croatia. during the cold war, several croatian dissidents were murdered in what was then west germany. the man with a top spy with yugoslavia's secret service at the time and he was accused of complicity in one such case. germany has long asked for his extradition, which has now been granted. our reporters met the former spy in zagreb for the first ever televised interview. the wall of secrecy built around atrocities committed during communism is beginning to crack. >> a prominent croatian exiles survived an assassination attempt. it was 1988 in scotland where he lived with his british wife before he went back to croatia.

>> they took between the spine and heart. >> the would-be assassin was arrested and convicted. the top leader of the independence movement called for croatia to leave hominis yugoslavia. this made him a -- communist yugoslavia. this made him a target. many in the west supported yugoslavia at that time. >> maintaining to the bitter end that yugoslavia must stay. but that is the only option. >> he says one of his persecutors in the intelligence service was this man. he lives inside grab. there is a european arrest warrant against him from germany . for months, croatia refused to extradite him.

he was briefly arrested and unconditionally released. croatia is under pressure to address the leady legacy of the intelligence service during the cold war. other ex agents have been among the most wanted suspects of the german federal prosecutor's office. they are suspected in at least 13 murders of croatian exiles in germany. beginning in 1979, the man was responsible for observing them. and that included this man who was killed in munich in 1983. a former employee of the yugoslav oil company apparently knew too much about the corrupt dealings of the communist elite. he was found shot dead in a small town near munich, in this garage where he had a printing press.

he began to publish anti- yugoslav documents after his move to germany. two gunmen are believed to have ambushed him. his son had no doubt who was behind the killing. > he was set to become chairman of our government in exile and that was very embarrassing for the yugoslav government. that's why they weren't such a hurry to have him executed. yes, that's what we can call this. >> less than five years later, the man was murdered in canada. the delder's murder went to tril and a co-conspirator was sentenced to life in prison. he is convinced the man behind the killing are living inside greg. the germans believe he was -- in zagreb. the germans believe he was involved in the murder.

the now 68-year-old admitted to having spied on croatian exiles again in 1979 with his own agents. we want to know how many helpers he had in germany. >> a lot. i will tell you right away. it makes no sense to give a number. the basic task of the department i headed was to protect the tourism season. a certain number of croatian immigrants in europe and elsewhere had attacked our coast with violence. they planted explosives and grenades on beaches and in restaurants. >> the former agent denied the german murder accusations, saying he had never been ordered

to carry out targeted killings. >> there are some intelligence methods that are not violent. none of the methods used by us involve the use of violence. they were carried out by the agency we had, by means of classic intelligence activities. >> these agents were acting on orders from zagreb. he admitted the only person convicted in the murder was an informal agency employee. >> we sometimes talk by phone, but information shared by phone cannot be high-quality or detailed. >> he did not want to go into further detail and ended the interview after half an hour. his lawyer did everything to keep his client from being handed over to germany, where he has been a wanted man for years. now the supreme court croatia handed down its final decision. he will be extradited.

so far, croatia has had a hard time coming to grips with its communist past yugoslavia. it is now beginning to a trespass legacy. the relatives of the victims have been waiting a very long time -- address its legacy. the relatives of the victims have been waiting a very long time. find the rest of the interview on our website, www.dw.de, and european journal facebook page. poland is finding it hard to deal with its communist era legacy, in a completely different area. the country is paying for the failure to reform its energy system since 1990. today poland continues to rely almost exclusively on coal power. its power stations are old and rundown, but the polish government says it is too expensive to make the switch to renewable energy. that is why even while the rest of europe is trying to reduce fossil fuel consumption, poland

has its foot on the brake. the people of kraków are beginning to protest against policies because they are experiencing what it means to poison the climate firsthand. >> somewhere down there beneath the thick layer of fog is kraków. only it's not really fog, it is something much more sinister. it is smog. comprised of tiny dust particles, smog is toxic and dangerous and there is now so much of it hanging over the historic city that it has become europe's third most polluted city. on 150 days of the year, quality of life in kraków is compromised by poor air. >> we should not go outside, but if we have to, it should not be for long. we should not do sports or breathe deeply. i'm a committed non-smoker, but just by breathing the air in kraków you smoke seven cigarettes a day, 2500 a year.

>> kraków is up in arms. last year citizens formed an initiative called the kraków smog alarm, demonstrating under the motto, we want air. they want politicians to take action. the problem is, 90% of poland's power is coal generated. the country co-owns the brown colt power station -- coal power station. poland also mines 80 million tons of black coal annually and most of that is for heating purposes. this national dependence has left a hazardous and smelly cloud over kraków. the doctor has been calling on politicians to do something about the air quality for years.

she instructs her patients to avoid walking and doing sports on smoggy days. >> patients think they have allergies, so we run tests, but nothing turns up. tourists can leave the city, but residents have to move away. it is dangerous here. it is no coincidence that all my dogs died of cancer. >> in kraków, 25,000 homes heat with cold. the 25-year-old student is no exception. he uses gas to cook with and coal to keep warm. his furnace is in the seller and he fills it every evening. in a harsh winter he can get through up to six tons. it would not be hard for him to switch to gas, but his heating bills would double.

>> i do feel guilty, but right now i can't do anything about it. when i breathe in bad air i can tell from the effects in my own body that coal heating is not good, but i cannot afford gas. >> his place is poorly insulated, which costs him money. the energy consultant uses an infrared camera to seek out the problems those. -- problem zones. he is familiar with pictures like these. the red shows where the heat is escaping. inside, the consultant is able to pinpoint the weak spots. on the infrared photos, the colors are inverted so the patches of blue show where heat is getting out. >> it's typical of a house built

in the communist era. there's no insulation. the walls are the problem. if there insulated, you save money. you can feel it immediately. >> it is the same story in a suburb of kraków. using his infrared camera, the consultant can quickly see the buildings are not insulated or fitted with thermostats. the temperature inside is regulated by opening and closing windows. >> everyone complains that it stinks and is filthy, but it is their own fault. a lot of people heat with their own trash instead of cold. >> there is some light on the horizon. demonstrators are beginning to make themselvesheard -- are beginning to make themselves heard. all of a sudden, policymakers seem to be listening. pthe state parliament has

announced plans to ban coal heating. >> we want to breathe fresh, safe, healthy air. that is our right under the terms of the polish constitution. a ban is a step in the right direction. for years politicians did not realize it is the only way forward. we will continue to protest because we want politicians to act quickly. we do not want to put our health at risk. >> but the ban on coal heating will not come into effect until autumn 2018, and nobody really knows how easy will be to enforce. what is clear is that the smog has to go, as quickly as possible. >> a french nationalist party aims as one of the main political forces.

that scenario is beginning to look likely. france is one of the founding nations of the european union. these times of crisis are increasing the risk of widespread populism. most right-wing politicians would probably no longer deny that the holocaust happened durin. police they would not do so in public. hatemongering is prohibited by law in france and germany. despite legislation, the french performer who calls himself a comedian has gained quite a following by employing anti- semitic humor. the french authorities have said that the finance here -- fun ends -- fun ends here. >> a crude joke that only goes down well among his followers. he leaves most listeners cold.

>> the indians have also been persecuted and they hope they can bring this yours jury to tears. the big favor once again is the jews with her holocaust, better than a billion euros a year and once again for magazine covers, movies, lighters, pens. >> for years, the shows went unnoticed. he presented himself as a harmless clown. when jewish citizens complained, it was because they had no sense of humor. >> it's a provocation. i was there in the theater and the entire atmosphere was her fine. the audience laughed loudly in agreement that each of his -- horrifying. the audience laughed loudly in agreement with each of his jokes . it was awful. this man should be convicted of

sedition. and his videos should be taken off the internet. >> now he has been muzzled because his shows have become more extreme and came to a crude denial of the holocaust. the french interior minister took a hard line and imposed a performance ban, one that may violate french law but finds favor with most french people. >> he is definitely a bit sick. his shows are downright pathological. >> he always had difficulty establishing himself as a comedian. that is why he started to be provocative. he just wanted to draw attention to himself. >> previously the man had a broad fan base. for years he stood onstage with his jewish friend and colleague rate they promoted tolerance -- colleague.

they promoted tolerance. >> your chimpanzee children running around, have you number them? go home or i will stuff your mouth with soil from your promised land. >> then came the inexplicable turnaround. some believe wounded vanity lies behind his anti-semitism today. >> the turning point was when he wanted to make a film about the history of slaves in sub-saharan africa. but the body responsible for film subsidies rejected the film. he then looked to see who was sitting on the commission and saw that several members were jewish. >> after that, he avoided the media, only giving interviews to iranian television. >> we are all slaves of zionism,

i always say, but they cannot do anything against my humor. that is why i have chosen this form of expression. >> he has been convicted and fined several times by french courts, but so far he has not had to pay because he has made official statements saying he did not have any property. he has now attempted to out maneuver the performance ban. he performs in the theater he rented, giving the same show stripped of a few sentences. he does not need to say anything. the fans have learned his racist language. shots from his recent appearance show that he uses innuendo to get his message across. he uses a pineapple to ridicule the jews' handling of the holocaust. >> they have such power that they are above the laws. >> he fights against everyone

being forced to think the same way. above all he has his own views on everything, even history. >> you cannot film here. turn that off. >> even without appearances in the media, his fans are main true to him. his latest internet video has drawn 3 million clicks. fans greet each other with a gesture that he invented that has been likened to the nazi salute. >> he strengthens these young people's feeling of being excluded from society, a feeling that is partly justified. what's dangerous is that he

offers these young people solutions that are very bad politically. >> his fan base continues to grow. it includes malcontents disappointed with the mainstream political parties. he long ago ceased to make his political preference a secret. he wants to see the right-wing national front in power. >> in the legendary terms, -- evolutionary terms, the hair is on your head is all remaining. but take a look and realize it is turn into something much more. from all its two french braids, hair can make a real statement. isn't it nice to have a professional hairdresser give you a massage? a few lucky people have one who flies in just to give them a

haircut. >> just getting to this part of eastern greenland is an adventure. in this harsh climate, it's amazing that people can live here at all. in the winter, the village is reachable only by helicopter. the day of our visit is a sunday, the most important one of the year in this village. it is the day of the big dogsled races, and they are preparing for the big celebration in. -- celebration. men, women and couples take to the track in the hopes of winning the race. they have built the sleds and bred and trained the dogs themselves.

everyone is having a good time, including the sled dogs. even toddlers try their hand as mushers, though they have little idea about the races yet. their families are extremely proud of them. but another special event is also happening. a visit from the flying hairdresser. he has come from neighboring iceland to style the villagers' hair. this woman jokes, you can see the kinds of hairstyles would normally have to make do with. they would be happy if stefan dropped in more often. over the years, hairdressers have come and gone.

this woman says one even settled here, but this village is too small to be able to live from the trade. >> if it is possible, and there are a lot of customers who can use this service. >> and the man came at the request of the mayor. around 2000 people live here. some of them can see themselves becoming hairdressers, like this girl. for a long time people resorted to cutting one another's hair with kitchen shears. now the boys can get reynaldo inspired haircuts, the girls have to and their mothers can choose styles from the -- half cuts and their mothers can choose styles from the internet.

his clients pay between 10 and 20 euros for a cut. he earns a couple hundred euros minas as travel cost. on the way home he says the trip was worth it. after two hours in flight, we can see reykjavik. why not stop and pay a visit to stefan's hair salon? on the way he has been telling us about his antique barber's chair. he calls it rex. >> [indiscernible] when you did not have to have it [indiscernible] have a seat. >> in the discussion turns to politics. he says his male customers helped him survive iceland's economic crisis. >> they kept coming when women

stop getting elaborate styles with streaks and the like. as a boy, he often went to sea with his father. but it was due to his mother that he became a hairdresser, not a fisherman. >> they start reading from the book, would you like to be a carpenter, electrician, boyer -- lawyer. hair cutting, i think that's good. >> his mother got on the phone and arranged for an apprenticeship at reykjavik's only hair salon. history could soon be repeating itself. this time in greenland, where stefan has already met with a prospective apprentice. >> that report wraps up this edition of "european journal." thanks for watching.

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