>> hello and a very warm welcome to "european journal" coming to you from dw studios in brussels. it's good to have you with us. here's what's coming up at the next half-hour -- ukraine -- which future for the country after the protest. turkey had a woman entering a male domain. and spain -- welcome to stargazers paradise. if vince have come thick and

fast in ukraine in recent days after weeks of protests. the opposition took over power in the t at last week -- the capital kiev last week. president viktor yanukovych took flight. those developments are welcome for a lot of the people, particularly in the west of the country. he took you there and showed you how busloads of her testers would regularly travel to tf, but while the predominant feeling is now one of hope, many also feel it is too early to sit back and relax. >> since the revolution, the city has been without a police force, but hundreds of people have volunteered to patrol the streets from their cars. >> i have been doing it for six days. i started off in kiev, but then i returned to my hometown because i wanted to do something. there are 600 drivers out every night, and it will not be long

before there are 1000 of us. >> slogans such as ukraine starts with you and slaves do not go to paradise. the head of the group expects his people will have to lug the hole left by the police for some time to come. >> the police are not in a position to do their duties. they are part of the old, corrupt power, and they will not be able to start work again until their past have been investigated. each of them will have to take a suitability test. >> after a quiet night in the morning, demonstrators reassemble at the city square. "our heroes won't die," they shout as they bury a body of a man who was shot in the back by snipers. houses have come to pay their respects.

after the funeral, discussions turned to the threat of an groep c, a possible splitting of ukraine, and a new leader. >> letting tymoshenko back would be a bad idea. she has already proved she is not up or the job, and she should not forget who got her out of prison. >> it's time for new people, people who can really change something. >> we have to stay together as a country and not allow any split. that's what they want in the east, but it's only because television channels their spread lies. there is a real information block. if they could receive our broadcasts, they would know the truth. >> if we could take the president's entire fortune, we would not need any help from europe. he has stolen billions -- billions. my tension is around 90 euros. from that tom i have to pay 45 euros in rent.

i have to go looking for bread at the garbage dump. >> this is the long serving mayor, a popular figure among the city's residents. he is at the local hospital to visit those injured in kiev but brought here for treatment. the majority are demonstrators captured i the notorious militia and subjected to mock executions and extreme violence and abuse. >> they were beaten up or injured and explosions. in treating them, our doctors put their own lives at risk he cuts they could have been prosecuted as a result. the doctors fulfilled their hippocratic oath with honor. >> as the night begins to dry in again, the patrol resumes its work. entrée cannot stay on long

tonight. he has a paying job to do, and it has nothing to do with keeping the peace. removing his bullet-proof vest, he becomes what he is -- a singer at the theater. ♪ he is no stranger to playing new roles, whether on stage or for his country. >> ukraine is the largest country on the european continent after russia, and east of ukraine, many people still support the former political elite and its pro-russian cause, even former president viktor yanukovych himself, who has since been charged with mass murder, still has loyal supporters in ukraine's east. >> back home after a long day of

work, victoria unpacks the groceries before settling down to watch the news. she supports viktor yanukovych and vladimir putin, who she refers to as the strong hand of power. she voted for the recently ousted ukrainian president back in 2002 and has remained loyal to him ever since. >> why should he be responsible for everything? what about the 450 members of parliament or the opposition politicians? they share the responsibility. viktor yanukovych accommodated them, offered them positions. they should have solved the problems in parliament rather than on the street. they are afraid of their own radical followers. >> victoria watches television whenever she can, either russian broadcasts or the ukrainian state channel. she says viktor yanukovych should have cleared as soon as

demonstrators began to gather, although 70% of people in the northeastern city voted for him in the last elections, there have been some smaller public scale protests here as well. the events in the capital are not lost on people here. the current uncertainty is causing some to shift allegiance and turned to the opposition. >> we support the protest. they speak for the people. >> although this is the second largest itty in ukraine, there is a low turn out to protest. residents say they do not want to storm government buildings. they want to protect them selves from the risk of violence at the hands of those in power. >> there are not many people lining up to be cannon fodder. we favor nonviolent resistance. we do not want to see blood, and we are not terrorists.

>> the shocking news from tf touches those gathered here -- he shocking news from kiev. victoria is also saddened by event in the capital but does not see it as a reason to go out and demonstrate. her loyalty to viktor yanukovych remains intact. she admits to being concerned about the political situation in the country but is even more wary of an economic crisis. we've ukraine on the verge of bankruptcy, she thinks the time has come to divide the country. >> i am for a federation -- east, west, crimea, all with their own administrations. >> but that is not a solution for tomorrow if ever. >> when the german women's football team first won the european cup footie five years ago, they received not prize money, a tea set each. fortunately, those days are

over, and women footballers now also receive money when they win titles, although still a lot less than their male colleagues. women's football is becoming more popular in many countries in europe, but in the east of turkey, women are still a long way away from being considered equal. that's why the story of a woman who grew up on the border with iran is so extraordinary. >> with a red card at the ready, she proudly attach as the emblem of the turkish soccer federation on her jersey. for the 25-year-old, it is a special moment each time. the linesman is getting ready as well. in the tunnel outside, 22 men are waiting. she is nervous, but ambitious. >> no. absolutely not. i am not afraid of the players not taking me seriously or even insulting me. >> for half a year, she has been a licensed referee, the first female one in eastern turkey.

today, she is resting a regional league game and her hometown. first, she delivers a friendly warning to the players to keep in mind the poor conditions on the pitch to prevent injuries. then she places the ball on the centerline. the men in the stands looked skeptical, but her 11-year-old sister is proud. she blows the opening whistle. here, near the eastern border, males still are not used to a woman calling the shots. >> a woman among all those men -- that's not right. i would not allow my wife or sister to do that. >> iran lies just beyond these mountains. until recently, the city was the center of violent clashes between kurds and the turkish state. now they have agreed to a cease-fire, but it is mainly men who are out enjoying the peace.

there are few women on the streets. she is one of them. she visited and who works at a travel agency. she is a bit of a celebrity in her home city and a role model. >> why shouldn't women referee men's matches? of course they can. and it adds color to a match. >> making the traditional bread is still women's work here. as a young girl, she helped in the kitchen. then she left to attend university in western turkey. today, she is a gym teacher, lives in a neighboring city, and only comes here to eat freshly baked pita. bread is a staple food here in this poor region of turkey. her father is the head of this district. his other four children all still live at home.

when she returns home, the neighbors come to say hello. the referee is the pride of the family. her other has accepted the fact she is different than all her peers. >> i never dreamed she would be a referee one day, but as a little girl, she was always very active. we never told her that she was not allowed to do this or that because she was a girl. we supported her. >> girls should stay at home, girls should not go to school or do men's work -- we have managed to overcome this kind of thinking, but it has not been easy. >> at the refereeing course, most of the students are still men. though she graduated six months ago, she still comes here and

brought someone who hopes to follow in her footsteps. she wants to learn more about tricky offside calls and hopes to rest games in the turkish super league someday. >> the first time i came i thought, "what am i doing here? how can i do this?" but the course instructor believed in me and supported me. that helped a lot. >> back on the pitch, the match is drawing to a close. the greens are trailing and start letting out their frustration. the game gets rougher, and she has to take action. but then, the greens even up the score, and things are fine again. well, almost. >> the referee made mostly good calls. >> what did you not like? >> my yellow card.

>> luckily, there were not any unusual incidents. i was only worried about the snow in a few places. i did not want the guys to get hurt. >> then, eastern turkey's first female referee is off to blaze more trails. >> it was only 16 years ago that catholics and protestants officially ended their bloody conflict that had raged in northern ireland for decades. now, slowly, light is being shed on some uncomfortable details. britain, for example, employed a special police unit in the conflict who operated undercover , disguised as street sweepers, binh minh, or homeless people. they would kill ira members according to witness accounts and investigation reports. an increasing number of families now demand that the cases of their murdered relatives are reopened. >> when evening comes to belfast, some people's memories return to the days when

political extremist roam the streets and it was best to stay home, but even locked doors could not guarantee safety. >> my husband was murdered on a sunday evening, and the 12th of february 1989, almost 25 years ago. we were having sunday dinner, when gunmen burst through the front door and shot him in front of me and the children. >> 14 bullets killed the young attorney pat finnigan. he had kept ira activist out of jail, making him a target for the other side. one of the gunman confessed and years later was found guilty, ken barrett. he was the member of a protestant underground organization. they still exist today in belfast. it's now known that there it was an informant for british

security forces. the police knew the attack was planned and did nothing to stop it. the investigation had considerable flaws as a police report later revealed. the victim's family believed even the british government at the time knew about the murder plans. >> the lower levels of hired work are no one, but as you move higher up in the chain of command and things tend to get a bit foggy and obscured, and we would like to know high up the chain -- how high up the chain of events everything went. >> the murder was not an isolated incident. the journalist has investigated 120 cases in which the police or british army were in cahoots with protestant deaths squads. >> there was, for example, intelligence in more than one

case that could have saved lives. in many of the cases, the collusion involved is probably in advance of the murder, but definitely after the murder and the cover-up to ensure that the involvement of members of the security forces, the british police, the army, were not -- they were protected. >> the reason british security forces and protestant killer gangs work together -- the conflict in northern ireland had grown ever more violent since the 1960's. one of the triggers was bloody sunday when soldiers shot and killed 14 unarmed catholics who were demonstrating for more rights. the british tried to bring the violence under control by sending more police and soldiers. they also recruited informers, primarily from the protestant underground organizations. the former deputy chief of police in northern ireland says most of his colleagues did nothing wrong.

>> i think it's very important that people should understand that informants were not robots who acted on instructions of police. these were people who were in the middle of a dangerous, dangerous situation where if they did something wrong, they knew that they would be tortured for several days and then killed. >> the british government has already investigated many cases up police wrongdoing, but the per read families say they have not gone far enough -- the bereaved families say they have not gone far enough. back then, anyone could become a victim, not just those with connections to the ira. allen was eight years old when his father died. his father was a catholic head of a family who wanted to celebrate the birth of his daughter with his family.

he came directly from the hospital. donnelly's bar still exists, and a plaque commemorates the 1965 attack in which two other bar customers were also attacked. on the border to the republic of ireland, there was a series of attacks on catholic pubs. >> we were told fairly soon on by the investigating officer that there was at least one member of the police force, one member of the british army involved in the attack, but they are the people who are supposed to be looking after you. they are supposed to be protecting the community. >> some of the perpetrators are meanwhile known, but no one has been found guilty. allen wants the justice system to prosecute the murder of his father. >> i'm not trying to blacken me -- the iec's name.

i'm trying to say that there are truths out there that need to be told at this point. for society to move on, we need to be told the truth about what actually happened. >> a so-called peace wall separates the areas. the society has not grown together. >> in the field is a legitimate mechanism, but if we are going to handle that for all these inquests over the next 20 years, it's very difficult to see how society can make rye grass and get the reconciliation which perhaps is more important than discovery of all the facts of what went on in the past. >> the families of the victims cannot conceive of reconciliation without truth, and whatever happens, they are hardly going to forget the murder of their loved ones. >> the question is, as old as -- the question is as old as mankind itself -- in space, is there life on other lannett? it's one of the reasons people have loved staring at the night sky for centuries.

the best place for stargazing in europe is on the spanish island of the palme. >> when night falls, the canary island stargazers come out in force. they spend the next few hours traveling through their telescopes to places far away from the earth. >> everyone is fascinated by the night sky. you look up and see all the stars. if you think about what all might be out there can be frightening. the starry skies bewitch us. just like the ocean when it is especially wild. >> the amateur researchers try

to find answers to all their questions. for example, is the universe infinite? this is a special place for astronomers. they're proud scientists from all over the world come to the canaries. their location far out in the atlantic and close to the equator is an outstanding vantage point for stargazers. >> this is one of the best places in the world for viewing the sky. there's almost no disturbing artificial light, and we have high mountains that can rise above the clouds. >> one of the world's most important observatories is here, almost two and a half kilometers above sea level. comparable telescopes are found only in chile and on hawaii.

the astronomers turn their gaze to objects millions of light-years away, back to the time the universe was born. gabriel once discovered a supernova, but his privilege to work lace has its price. >> you have to be physically fit . it's not easy to work at an altitude like this. you have to like this work, or you'll suffer from it, but if you enjoy it, then you do it with lots of love and joy. >> this is the largest telescope on earth. it also registers infrared light, enabling scientists to investigate chemical processes in space. unborn stars become visible. the spanish telescope cost 130 million euros, but it's budget is now being cut. only two instruments have been installed, though seven would be

possible. >> if this facility were to be close, we would have a tough time finding comparable employment. we are worried. >> but the institute for astrophysics says the telescope will not be shut down, even if whole research projects are currently on hold. >> we would lose the talents, the researchers who use this telescope. risk for spanish science -- that's the great risk for spanish science. they cost a lot to train them for 15 or 20 years. >> it gets really dark here. to finance his own nights in the mountains, he founded a company that brings tourists closer to the stars. >> one day, my father said he could not understand why i spend

so many hours outside at night looking for the telescope. he said if it at least earn me money, he would understand it. >> they think it is kindle is that the observatory is hampered by lack of funds. they are as excited as the observatory staff about every new discovery. >> it's a magnificent thing. when i moved here to the canaries, my dream was to work up in the observatory. maybe one day i will manage to work in science. >> the dream of discovering alien worlds takes a rest in the early morning. now the day shift comes on and turns to the closest star to earth -- the sun. >> that report brings us to the end of this edition of "european journal." thanks very much for watching.

do join us again next week. until then, auf wiedersehen and bye for now. captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.oa7guc3n3n3n3n7777>

03/06/14 03/06/14 [captioning made possible by democracy now!] >> from pacifica, this is democracy now! had multiplejamal high-cost lawyers volunteering their time. he had plenty of lawyers. he did not need more lawyers. did was debo adegbile decide to join a political cause. to do. what he decided >> the senate reject president obama's pick to head the civil rights division of the justice department. a group of