>> welcome to the "journal" in berlin. >> thanks for joining us. first, our headlines. u.s. president barack obama delivers a key foreign-policy speech, saying the u.s. will remain strong but intends to use its military less. >> in the wake of fierce fighting in the ukrainian city of donetsk, the new president promises to crush rebels.

>> america must always lead on the world stage -- that was the message from u.s. president barack obama today. >> obama outlined his vision for u.s. foreign-policy in a sweeping speech at the u.s. military academy. speaking to both a global television audience and graduating cadets at west point, obama said the u.s. should ink beyond using the military to solve u.s. problems. he said counterterrorism measures will remain in focus and that cooperation with international partners is the way forward. >> this beach came one day after putting forward a plan to end america's longest war, the country's 12-year deployment in a canna stand. -- in afghanistan. >> this year's graduates from the elite that point military academy will be the first in over a decade not to serve in iraq or afghanistan. that was a key message in president obama's address to the

class of 2014. he used the speech to lash out at critics who accuse him of weakening america's image. >> here's my bottom line -- america must always lead on the world stage. if we don't, no one else will. >> but the president also warned against the u.s. entering wars lightly. he said the country's biggest mistakes in recent history came from rushing into military action. >> to say that we have an interest in pursuing peace and freedom beyond our borders is not to say that every problem has a military solution. >> some 20,000 u.s. troops are set to leave afghanistan by the end of the year with the last 10,000 pulling out in 2016. obama said the u.s. needs to use its resources to refocus the war on terror. >> as we move to a train mission in afghanistan, our position allows us to more effectively address threats in the middle

east and africa. >> to that effect, obama asked u.s. lawmakers to approve a $5 billion program aimed at training and equipping u.s. congress to fight terrorism. addressing criticism of his russia policy, obama also hailed his administration's leadership, saying washington played an instrumental role in stopping russia's encroachment on ukraine earlier this year. >> we are joined now in studio by a global security expert at the german marshall fund here in berlin. thank you for joining us. was this the bold speech people were hoping to hear from president obama? >> obama i think really does bold speeches. i like that about him. he tends to be very cool, calm, and pragmatic. in comparison with his predecessors, i think what is not to like? i think he did it very effectively. >> do you think he answered his

critics who say he has been too weak on foreign policy? >> i think the criticism has been slightly exaggerated. there could be more leadership, but obama has been very much preoccupied with dysfunctionality in washington, was infighting between the white house and within congress, and with a lot of domestic issues like health care. >> the big announcement was the creation of a $5 billion anti-terrorism fund. what do you think that will mean for u.s. foreign policy? >> i still think that the unquantifiable qualities like trust, diplomacy, regular meetings are far more important than that kind of thing. that said, i am not dismissing it, but the other stuff bothers me. >> obama has taken a lot of credit for putting pressure on russia in this ukraine crisis, but to be honest, it has not had much of an impact on russia. do you think there is anything more washington intends to do? >> i'm not sure at this point that anybody can really change president putin's mind.

that said, i think it is very important for the white house to be closely in touch with the european leaders, particularly german leader angela merkel, on this, and i think they need to work shoulder to shoulder on that for the foreseeable future. >> thanks so much for joining us in studio. >> you are very welcome. >> ukraine's prime minister has called on russia to block the border to his country in order to prevent rebel fighters from entering. >> ukraine's new president petro poroshenko says his country is at war in the east, and he has vowed to crush the revolt. the situation remains tense on the ground internet where dozens died in a battle over the airport. >> a city in a state of emergency. young people of donetsk are erecting barricades to block access to the airport.

overnight, government soldiers launched an offensive against the separatists to regain control of the city. several pro-russian insurgents were killed. residents fear the fighting could escalate. >> my parents called during the night and said they are in the basement because jets flew overhead. there was shooting, but no one knows who is doing it or where they are. no one is telling us anything. >> of course i'm concerned when the jets fly past my balcony. it's time to end this, start talks, and agree on a peaceful solution and stop shooting on both sides. i don't understand why it has not happened already. >> signs of the fierce fighting are visible throughout donetsk. many separatists have gone into hiding. authorities have told residents to stay off the streets and to avoid going near windows and balconies. president-elect petro poroshenko says eastern ukraine is in a state of war.

>> ukrainian foreign ministry says russia is to blame for the situation and has demanded that president vladimir putin rein in the rebels. >> we call on russia to strengthen their control of the border with ukraine and prevent the entry of fighters and terrorists into ukraine. we call on russia to call back russian infiltrators who are terrorizing and killing ukrainian citizens. they must put down their weapons and extend the hand of justice. >> the fate of four missing osce observers remains unknown. the group have not been seen since monday when they left their hotel on a routine patrol. an osce official in vienna said the four were held at a check point before contact was lost. but separatist leaders internet say they have had no contact with them. >> we are joined now by vladimir

from kiev. what is the situation in the east of the country? >> the situation internet is very difficult at this moment. as you have just seen in the report, there is a team of four osce special monitoring mission members missing since monday night. today at noon, contact was lost with another team of osce special monetary mission members in donetsk. they were traveling from donetsk to the nearby region, and at one of the checkpoints, the contact was lost with them. we have spoken to the spokesperson of the osce special monitoring mission in kiev about an hour ago, and the person confirmed that currently, contact has been reestablished -- reestablished with the team. the team is safely back internet, but other details are not being disclosed. there are also reports of fighting at a military base in

lujan's -- luhansk city in a neighboring base, and there are reports of casualties on both sides. as you can see, the events are rapidly developing. >> there are still protesters behind you there on the maidan, but ukraine has already held elections. what are they planning to do? >> yes, you are absolutely correct. there are still people out there. there are still barricades. traffic is still blocked, despite the fact that newly elected mayor promised to clear off the main square from protesters. today, they issued a so-called joint declaration that until their demands are met, all those

responsible for corruption and so on and so forth will be there as a reminder for the current government that they can also be removed by the same protest. >> thanks for joining us with that update from kiev. russia is ramping up pressure on ukraine to pay its outstanding natural gas bill. russian state-run exporter gazprom says kiev will soon go over $5 billion when the bill is tallied up. >> gazprom has now threatened to cut off gas supplies and less ukraine makes an advance payment for june. it has given kiev until monday to make the payment. in a hotly disputed move, moscow raised gas prices in february after ukraine's then president viktor yanukovych was ousted from power. >> about 500 african migrants successfully stormed a spanish enclave on the border with morocco early this morning. >> the city mayor says a section of a tall wire border and had

partially collapsed, enabling some to cross. many of those who made it over then headed to the city's temporary migration center to have their cases process. >> spain recently beefed up security in the area because of increased attempts by migrants trying to enter to get into the european union. >> hundreds of refugees stream through the streets. first, they will be registered as an immigration center. then some of them may be sent to the spanish mainland. the outlook there is bleak with austerity in place and high unemployment. but it is apparently a vast improvement on conditions these people have left behind. the region lies on the northern coast of africa, one of two spanish exclaims on the continent. both port towns are under heavy security, patrolled by both spanish and moroccan police. a high-tech triple layer fence has been erected specifically to keep immigrants out, but more

than 2000 have already breached the barrier this year alone. hundreds more await their chance , living in squalid camps like this one. >> conditions are horrible. we go for days without eating. suffering is immense. those who wear uniforms beat us. all black africans are victims. >> several of those who did not make it are perched on the outer fence, closely watched by security forces. its pain's interior ministry is considering building an even taller barrier in hopes of keeping uninvited migrants out. >> doctors without borders has called french authorities reckless after police forcibly removed more than 500 migrants from makeshift refugee camps. >> some 200 officers were deployed to evacuate the camps, which were later demolished. the refugees are mainly from syria, afghanistan, and africa.

many hope to cross the english channel and enter the u.k. >> eu leaders are reevaluating the block's agenda and his future leadership in the wake of sunday's shocking parliamentary election results. and i.e. you and radical parties gained major ground. >> in france, the national front party scored a dramatic victory, sweeping past mainstream parties, but her work has just begun. she has set her eyes on working in brussels. >> dill relish in sunday's victory, she traveled to brussels in a bold effort to solidify her power base. with far right leaders from five other countries, she made her plans to create a new eurosceptic group in the new european parliament. a new europe, as she calls it. >> a sovereign europe with respect and brotherhood can and must exist, and the model of a technocratic and totalitarian europe belongs to the past.

>> she has secured initial backing from the right-wing parties of italy, the netherlands, belgium, and austria. their populist rhetoric helped them garner impressive support above. they hope to join forces against europe's mainstream parties. >> we need a readjustment of the schengen agreement. we cannot keep our borders open up organized crime crosses into our countries. >> but established parties are eager to stop the growing influence of lawmakers from the far right. >> for us and those like us who want to defend europe, it is imperative to find the right tone in our response. we cannot back down. >> the european idea is too valuable for us to allow right-wing extremists to destroy

it, so we must clearly dissociate ourselves from such parties. >> demonstrators outside parliament agreed, and they plan to protest again. >> we have >> welcome back. it has been one year since the violent crackdown on mass demonstrations surrounding istanbul. >> on the morning of the 28th of may, turkish police used water cannons and tear gas to disperse a crowd of testing and urban development plan for one of istanbul's last green spots. the images of police brutality against civilians triggered a wave of demonstrations throughout the country, calling for the prime minister to step down. >> one year later, the park is still green, and erdogan is still in power, but the image of turkey as a role model status middle east has taken quite a hit. >> and urban green space in

central istanbul, a spot for rest and recreation. that the small oasis is still standing is partially thanks to this woman who when you're go joined protest plans to tear down the park and build a shopping mall. an activist at 67, the retiree still finds it hard to believe. >> i had never been politically active before. i have often not gone to vote. when i heard that the protesters' tents in the park would burn down, it made me angry. suddenly, there i was among all those young people. they lifted me up over the barricades. it made me feel young again. >> the occupied park last year -- soon it was about more than

saving a few trees. the protesters demanded more democracy in turkey and called for the government of the prime minister to step down. authorities responded with tear gas, rubber bullets, and water cannon. eight people died, and hundreds were injured. she was wounded during this police operation in istanbul in early july. >> i was hit directly by the stream from the water cannon. it tossed me into the air, and i landed on my right arm, which broke in several places. it still has not healed properly. >> the park may have been saved, but ergogan is still -- erdogan is still firmly in control. turkish society is deeply divided. >> it was bad they brought up young people. my children would never have taken part in those riots. >> since then, the government is afraid of its own people.

>> in recent days, photos of the protests have appeared on istanbul streets. the message of the gorilla exhibition is that the movement is still alive -- the message of the guerrilla movement. they say the spirit persists. >> for the first time in this country's history, people trusted in their own strength instead of that of the party. these protests were a turning point socially and culturally. >> when a teenager died recently as a delayed result of last year's police brutality, hundreds of thousands went back onto the streets. i think that will happen again in the next case of injustice. >> when you're on for many in turkey, the park remains a symbol of opposition to the government.

>> to pakistan now where a killing has sent shockwaves around the country and beyond. >> a young pregnant woman was stoned to death by her family in broad daylight outside of the courthouse. her crime -- marrying a man against her parents' wishes. >> she was stoned to death here outside the high court building allegedly by members of her own family. police say the 25-year-old and her husband were waiting for the court to open when around a dozen men attacked her with bricks. the local police chief said she was killed because she refused to accept and arrange marriage with her cousin. >> she married the man she loved. her parents filed an objection case against them. they were here for their case in the high court. the incident happened on their way to court. her family stone her to death.

>> she suffered severe head injuries and was taken to hospital but was pronounced dead on arrival. her husband escaped injury. she is said to look than three months pregnant. police say her father, two brothers, and former fiancée were among the attackers. her father turned himself into the police, saying the killing was a matter of honor. pakistani authorities say nearly 900 women were murdered in so-called honor killings in 2013 . human rights groups say many cases go unreported in the real number may be much higher. >> switching gears to some businesses now, the number of people out of work in germany went down in may, but the traditional springtime drop was less than expected. >> 2.9 million people were registered as unemployed. that brought the jobless rate to 6.6%, slightly lower than april. analysts say the german labor market is doing well overall, especially compared to other european countries.

on to wednesday's market action, european shares hovered near record highs but had a bit of trouble moving higher in the session. our correspondence sent us this summary from the frankfurt stock exchange. >> it started off as a rather good day here at the frankfurt exchange. the dax climbed to another record high, and 10,000 points were really not that far away. but then, the business here, the volume sort of went down, and traders said goodbye to the goal of 10,000 dax points this day, and they really say goodbye when the ecb reported in its financial stability report that it was afraid of a bubble bursting in the financial markets. it did not worded exactly that way, but that was what it meant. the thing is the traders here were scratching their heads and saying, "what? the ecb is saying that? it is the one contributing with all that cheap money to the creation of possible bubbles in equities such as stocks and fixed income, that is bonds."

>> let's start off with the dax, which finished pretty much flat. the euro down against the dollar. >> this year marks the one-year anniversary of the start of world war i. >> the great war, as it is known, is considered the first example of a worldwide conflict with around 40 countries taking part. >> the conflict is still shaping europe's political and social landscape. >> special events and ceremonies are being held to mark the anniversary. in berlin, the german chancellor has opened an exhibition at the german historical museum that explores the magnitude and consequences of the war. >> happily, they marched to war. they were certain victory and

peace would come quickly, but the war ridley became a conflagration that burned all over europe. and beyond. there were battlefields in colonies, including what was then german east africa. by the time it was over, 14 million people had been killed. the lesson for german chancellor angela merkel is that governments should never repeat the same mistakes. >> that's why i have a very strong view on the situation in crimea. territorial integrity as the pillar of european postwar order . if one starts to say "this or that used to belong to a certain country," and if one simply seizes it, we will end up in an unbelievable calamity. >> merkel visited the exhibition together with young people from all over europe. it gave some a chance to learn how the war affected their families.

>> i asked my grandmother as i was preparing for this event. she told me incredible stories. the entire generation of her grandparents was affected by the first world war. it devastated the family. nobody knew until i asked her. it does not necessarily loom in the memory, but it is there. it has just been forgotten. >> organizers hope that the far-reaching effects of the war will be better understood. >> the ideologies that shaped the 20th century were born in the first world war. communism, fascism, nationalism, socialism -- all of them came out of the war. >> 1915 saw the first attack using poison gas. images like these prove that the exhibition is all too relevant today. >> finally, an item from sports. for germany, the buildup to the world cup soccer tournament has been overshadowed by a car accident near the team's training camp in northern italy. >> two players were passengers

in separate cars as part of a promotion with team sponsor mercedes. one of the cars hit to pedestrians, leaving one of them seriously injured. the team is keen to put the focus back on the pitch. >> a latecomer to the training camp, the midfielder comes fresh from winning the champions league with real madrid. the coach now has 25 players available. the mood has been dampened by the car accident that left two bystanders injured. >> we hope it will not turn out to be a tragedy. our thoughts are with the injured. >> italian police are handling the investigation into the accident. the german football association and its sponsor mercedes have provided information about the crash, including footage taken from inside the two cars. they say proper precautions were taken.

>> there were marshals on every side road, so the route was secured. >> activities with sponsors have long been part of players' duties. >> it's difficult for us when we do promotions like this to anticipate possible dangers, but of course, we are going to carefully reevaluate these kind of activities. >> for the players, the main focus is now on the sporting task at hand. the world cup begins in two weeks. >> and the sun finally came out for them as well. hopefully the team can get back on track and concentrate on winning the world cup in brazil -- wouldn't that be nice? >> thanks for watching. captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.org--

tohello and welcome back "live from paris." let's take a look at what is making news this hour. on the defense -- u.s. president barack obama has outlined his foreign policy vision, arguing for a restrained approach. he comes under criticism for being far too passive on the world stage. and the head of france's far right party says she is determined to find other allies. serbians living abroad begin voting this wednesday on an election that is widely expected to return prest