>> so, have you placed your bets on which team will win this year's soccer world cup? if all you can think of for now is football, we don't want to distract you. most brazilians feel the same way in their hearts -- but they also can't ignore what this sporting spectacle is doing to their country. more on that in a moment. welcome to "global 3000" and here's what else we have coming up for you. maracana -- how rio's celebrated football stadium has become a focus of controversy. in chains instead of therapy -- how some mentally ill are treated in ghana.

and breaking with tradition -- attempts to change vietnam's attitude towards wildlife. so here it is -- the football world cup is coming home to brazil. but many brazilians are feeling the hangover even before the party has got started. there have been protests over the billions spent on stadiums rather than much-needed healthcare and education. this is believed to be the most expensive fifa world cup to date. at an estimated 11 billion euros -- the tournament in brazil is expected to cost almost twice as much as the 2010 world cup in south africa. this is set against some 4 billion euros the government is hoping to recover in extra tourist revenue. some 150,000 security personnel are to be deployed during the matches. it is estimated more than half the population expect more disadvantages than benefits from

hosting the fifa cup. the final will be played in the famous maracana stadium in rio de janeiro. once, the largest stadium in the country was viewed as a symbol of unity. now it divides the nation. here's why. >> these two men probably shouldn't be in a boat together, especially one this small. but nivaldo and moises have gone out fishing in the sea off rio de janeiro almost every day for many years. at some point, the talk always turns to football. next to carnival, it's the brazilians' greatest passion, so frequent heated debates on the topic are inevitable. nivaldo is a botafogo fan, moises a flamengo supporter. the two rio clubs are bitter rivals. but somehow football here isn't what it used to be.

and the two have already decided who's at fault for the changes in their football-loving country -- fifa and the fact that brazil's hosting the world cup. >> fifa doesn't just call the shots in maracana. it thinks it can lay down the law about football all over the world. and we brazilians have let it do that. we completely rebuilt maracana. that shouldn't have happened! they poured lots of money into getting it ready for the world cup but we are left with no schools, no educational system or health care. instead we have garbage on the streets, muggings, murders and drug dealing in the favelas. >> it's match day in maracana stadium. fluminense has just scored a goal against an unimportant team from the south. fluminense the third club in rio, and it shares maracana with botafogo and flamengo.

although ticket prices have been cut because of their weak opponent, the stadium is still half empty. hardly anyone can afford the equivalent of 25 euros that a cheap seat normally costs -- not even fluminense supporters, who are traditionally middle class. >> football is becoming more and more elitist. it's not for the masses anymore. they want to make football here like it is in europe. the problem is that brazilians don't earn as much as europeans. >> i think the renovation was worth it. now it's a wonderful place for the whole family to spend time. all i can say to the critics is that i'm sorry, but if they don't have the money, they have to stay home and watch the game on television. >> and this is what the new, spruced-up maracana looks like when it's empty. lawyer eudes furtado knows it well. he owns a piece of the stadium. when the old maracana was built

for the 1950 world cup, just under 5000 local residents shared the costs and were given lifetime seats for all the events. furtado later purchased five of those seats. he's seen many matches here, and even concerts by frank sinatra and paul mccartney. but he won't have the pleasure during the world cup games. then the stadium will be in fifa's hands. seat holders were fobbed off with the equivalent of 1500 euros. >> i'm very frustrated. i bought these seats in 1970 just so i'd have them if we ever hosted the world cup again. it's about the emotional value of these seats. being here at the final with my grandchildren would be priceless. and i'd never have sold them voluntarily, even for a million dollars. >> part of the mystique of maracana is that the stadium unites the nation. in maracana everyone's said to be equal, whether black or white, rich or poor, lawyer or fisherman.

every morning at five, nivaldo gets up and sets off for work from his favela high above rio's iconic beaches. contrasts in brazil are often stark. what really unites nivaldo and the lawyer is that both feel they've been shut out of their own stadium. the catch is good today. but after what he has to pay the boat owner and the small fishermen's port on copacabana beach, nivaldo has just 400 euros a month. he hasn't got enough left for a ticket to the new maracana. at the weekend there's a local derby, flamengo versus fluminense. again, the stadium isn't even half full. the fans watch the match at their local pub. nivaldo too only follows his team on television. at a friend's house he watches botafogo stumble through the

match and lose. >> sunday always used to be maracana day. now nobody's interested in maracana anymore. this is the end of football -- football is finished! >> they may say that -- but you may be able to take the football fan out of maracanaa -- but can one take the maracana out of the fan? i doubt it! colombians share the struggle to overcome the gulf that divides the "haves" from the "have not's." in medellin, once famous for its drug cartels, we caught up with an elderly lady in a hurry to give her city's children a decent education. something that has earned marta arango several awards and a lot of appreciation from the kids around her.

>> in "comuna trece" -- district 13 -- the funicular is the most important mode of transportation. marta arango is glad to have it. trekking uphill on foot would be too strenuous. a trip costs the equivalent of 25 u.s. cents, but many residents of this district of medellin still can't afford it. a lot has improved in the past few years, but comuna trece remains a deprived area. marta arango is visiting a school here today. her organization, the international center for education and human development -- cinde for short -- provides teaching materials and trains teachers. arango has been campaigning for better education for children for more than 30 years. the children take home what they learn here, and that benefits the entire family. >> uno, dos, tres. >> she also gets teenagers involved in the work.

an awareness of how important education is for children. so the teenagers take care of the younger children. it's a lovely process. these girls were themselves pupils in this school two years ago. since then they've been working with younger children. prospects for the future and they have fun as well. they're also protected inside these rooms. outside, it can often be very different. >> this district, comuna trece, is controlled by armed gangs. criminals call the shots here.

so there are invisible borders you're not allowed to cross. that means the children have no freedom of movement in their own neighborhood. they can't just go to another school, for example. >> the police patrol regularly in an effort to deter the gangs, usually without success. there are no longer any guerrilla militias, as there were ten years ago when medellin was ruled by the drug cartel. but there are few prospects for jobs. many locals don't even earn the minimum wage of $300 a month. the quick money that drug smuggling brings in is especially attractive to teenagers. police social workers try to counteract that -- with drill and discipline.

aim to attract young people. the library, for instance, has developed into a cultural centre. here children and teenagers can be on their own. a few rooms on, marta arango counsels mothers. they're trained to be what cinde calls "promoters," community coordinators who then work with children in their own neighborhoods. >> we help the women find the right contacts for their initiatives, but they themselves are the key players in this process. our success lies in the fact that they don't need us for long, even while we continue to support their efforts. >> this grassroots work is crucial. cinde supports the women a small

-- women with a small stipend. and where there's no kindergarten, it offers afternoon child care. the work has given the women new self-confidence. cinde also provides academic degrees. here the social entrepreneur cooperates with other educational institutions. the end result is a master's degree. cinde uses the income from the cost of the courses to fund other projects. >> i'll probably never really retire. theoretically i'm already a pensioner, but there are so many social challenges in our country, and there are more every day. >> at the age of 78, marta arango has no plans to stop. she wants to make sure that some day every child in medellin can attend school. >> have you ever openly spoken to someone about a relative struggling with a mental illness? not many of us have. and yet the number of people with mental disorders is growing

-- accounting for more than 10% of health problems in the world according to the world health organization. coping with disease affecting the mind is a daunting challenge with no clear boundaries. the picture is blurred even further in regions where spiritual healers are the first port of call on health matters. then a trauma or a depression can easily see a patient labeled as "possessed by an evil spirit." a british ngo is joining local efforts to change this in ghana. >> mount horeb -- a camp that calls itself a "prayer centre" outside the city limits of ghana's capital accra. mentally ill and mentally

handicapped people left in the lurch by the state healthcare system languish here. their relatives brought them to the centre to be freed from so-called "evil powers." the leader of the camp, self-proclaimed prophet nii okai says the patients need neither medicine nor psychiatric care. his program is chain them up, force them to fast -- and make them pray. >> we thank you in jesus' mighty name. amen. we try by giving them injections that will make them become weak or sleep so that we do our normal prayers, but at times the injection even makes it very worse. they become more violent and so the best way to keep them is to put them in the chains. >> in all of ghana there are only 12 practicing psychiatrists and three clinics. that's one reason families send their unwell relatives to prayer camps. the british basic needs organization doesn't want to leave the field to the self-styled prophets and miracle healers. their coordinator for ghana, humphrey kofie, looks in on the

camp regularly. even on the way, he sees a ritual "miracle cure." mount horeb. many have been there for years. humphrey kofie is here to visit. later he'll try to convince their families to take them home again. >> we are going to scale up our work to ensure that we identify people that we can support within this community that have to a large extent been treated or have been cured or healed in a certain way that can be involved in the program that we are already doing. >> most of the patients suffer from schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression. their families regard them as a disgrace. according to the world health organization, 2.8 million people in ghana suffer from mental illnesses.

akwasi osei, the medical director of accra psychiatric hospital, explains why the ghanaian health care system can do so little about the prayer camps. >> what we will do with respect with the instance of mount horeb at manfi and other such prayer camps where they put patients in chains, they flog them, starve them, and whatnot -- what the law says is that we are not going to ban them really; because the truth is that people will go there. that is their belief. so if you ban them, they will go underground. >> mariam salifu takes care of patients in accra for basic needs. today she's making a house call on liela suraka, whose niece has been caring for her since she

became depressed. >> at first she became a burden to me, but now she can do everything for herself. she can generate money. she earns money. "basic needs" gave her seed money to trade on. >> richard tsormena is one of those who made it. the ngo has helped him return to his family in accra. richard has epilepsy and he, too, spent years of his life in chains. now he goes to the market every day in his district. he works there as a shoemaker, earning his livelihood himself. >> i want to stay at home, work and make some money so that in future when my parents can no longer work, i can take good care of them. >> his family monitors his medication.

nowadays richard tsormena is free and no one will ever confine him in chains again. >> how long it takes to change attitudes -- and how small successes can add up -- that's also at the centre of our next report. in some countries endangered species are much in demand as delicacies or for their so-called medicinal properties. for example the bile of bears. in vietnam alone more than 2000 bears are being held in farms, although it is illegal to keep them for this purpose. but attempts are being made to raise awareness to protect animals and wildlife.

to be used as medicine. this bear's bile was extracted as a remedy for impotence. and this monkey had to entertain restaurant customers. 160 animals live in this protection centre -- many have been here for so long they could no longer survive in the wild. >> in vietnam, because of the tradition from a long, long time ago, people believe in using wildlife products. and also using wildlife not only for medicine, for food, but they display wildlife products in how they maybe think of their social status -- if they have something special from the wild that other people cannot buy. >> thao ninh works for the non-governmental organization education for nature vietnam. eating wild animals or using them as medicine is officially prohibited in vietnam. but the tradition still exists.

many of these wild animals are now bred on farms -- like these snakes, pickled in wine. but expensive game caught in the wild is also on the menu in fashionable restaurants. we were not allowed to film inside this restaurant and we can't show its name. those who've made it in hanoi can impress friends or colleagues in places like this. >> pangolin, porcupine, turtle. this is an illegal action. so the local authorities in vietnam have to know that. and we will push them and work with them to solve the problem here. maybe they have to remove all the endangered species which are illegal to sell from the menu. >> they're especially opposed to the tradition of extracting bile

from the gallbladders of bears with little or no anesthesia. taken orally or rubbed on the skin, it's considered a miracle cure for everything from minor infections to cancer. >> many people go there and watch the extraction scenes. and they feel that it is just normal, they don't feel hurt, or sorry for the animal. i myself, i dislike this. i don't want to see that. >> on this road leading out of hanoi there's one bear farm after another. it's permitted to keep the animals, but not to extract their bile. but nobody keeps tabs on that. in the heartland of bear farming, demand is especially high. thao ninh says it's hard to change traditions. so her organization comes here every month. she uses horrifying pictures, small rewards, and scientific arguments to convince people.

>> i tried it once. i bought a bottle, but it was rubbish. it had no effect at all -- at least, not the one i had. >> there are said to be just one hundred bears still living in the wild in vietnam. other species are already extinct. we're in quang nam province's saola nature reserve, in the centre of the country. these men used to be poachers. they sold wild boar, pangolin, turtles, and also saola, a mammal related to antelopes that's threatened with extinction. now they're rangers working for a nature protection project and earn regular wages. they free animals from traps and take action against other poachers.

>> i'm somehow stuck in the middle. when i'm on duty here in the forest and i meet my friends poaching, then they obey to me. but if i meet them at home, they say bad things about me behind my back. >> the world wide fund for nature's project equips the rangers with cameras. they document which animals are still there and whether poaching has reduced stocks. >> if you look at each and every snare that you find here, most of those snares are set by hungry people. if you don't provide those people with an alternative livelihood, an alternative source of where to get something to eat for me and my family tonight, you're not going to solve the problem. >> rattan is one alternative -- and good money can be earned with it. these men harvest the soft stems in the early morning and take

bundles to a dealer who then sells it on, creating a new branch of the economy. >> i can cut 30 kilograms of rattan a day and earn about three euros. i use the money to buy food. >> the project advises 20 companies. they now wait until the rattan is five or six meters tall before they harvest it, making its use more sustainable. and the quality has to be high, when making rattan products for european furniture manufacturers. this company has been able to increase its profits and hire new employees. >> the wwf has set up extra plantations to cultivate rattan. that ensures there will be enough and keeps prices stable. so my purchasing costs can be easily calculated.

>> back to hanoi. this market is a success story for thao ninh. she made inspection visits for months, annoyed traders, reported every wild animal to the authorities -- with the result that there are now only farmed animals sold here. >> i believe in the young generation because they changed their minds. they don't believe in consuming wildlife to have social status or to use it as medicine or as food or drink. >> it takes time to change people's minds. but these young vietnamese just might be able to get others to break with tradition, too. >> and that was "global 3000" for this week. as always, there is plenty more online. but for now from me and the whole global team -- thanks for watching and bye bye! ♪ ♪

captioned by the national captioning institute --www.ncicap.org--gg99ññwççñm@