>> this s week, globalal 3000 ho argentina. can city-dwellers be enticed to move to the countryside? a sri lankan hotelier is determined to operate his business using solely renewable energy. but first we go to banda aceh in inindonesia where young peoplen particular are literally suffering the e severity of te islamic rurule of law.

islamic or sharia law is often perceived as oppressive by t west. and yet there are huge differences in how it's enforced, even within muslim countries. it fact it only plays a dominant role in the e legal systememsf very few islamic communities and countries. elsewherere, it's geneneraly refeferred to in p private affa- like marriage, divorce, cases of inheritance. on top of that, there's seems to be no single intnterpretation f sharia l. itits interpreted and implplented in different ways. anththose uslly y haveore toto do with local traditions than with any rules found in the koran. flashlights illuminate the dark cocoers. sharia police cars patl l the strereets of banda aceh at walkg pacece. thth're looking to catch young coleles unawes.. they warn: "go home, it's late. these officecers are makining e people abide by sharia law. alcohol, h holdi handsds a even

flirtiting outside of marriage e alprprohibit. >> we've ordered them to sit fufurther art.t. or go hohome ifwewe'll take thehem to the poe keke more statioion.n themem, >> aone caug by shar poli is in f a gruelli nishme - a publibeating. they, who are brought to the mosque in handcuffs. among them: 22 year old rnrnia. >> i have sinned. i'd vivise you peoeople t to overstep thehe boundaries s of shariaia. because itit hurts. / > the men andnd women are h sentntenced to 25 5 lashes. amamg them is kurnia's girlfrie..

a masksked man is wawaiting wite ca.. the couplele's "crime" w woult raise eyeyebrowlsewhehere just a date between twtwo peopl, maybe a kissss. but t these young g people aree to p pay. the cane hurts, but the physical pain is just part of it. the punishment is meant to humimiate them plically. >his is the end of you!" shou t the cro. "next t time you'll l be dead. many peoplple pass out f frome papain and stresess. indonesihas long stood for secularismndnd modere foforms of islam, but that appears to be changing. the capital jakarta, muslim hahard-liners rerecently pushede

christstian governoror out f office. he was sentenced t to two yearsn prisonon for blasphehemy agait isislam. moneney has been p pouring intoo indonesia from conservative sau, schools d universies. 0 the cocoulbe more than tt raa saryth year.r.ar.ative forcn thsharia police are abusin eir growg popowe >> iaffectctwomen worst of l.l. ty're deemeimmoral. after a publiceatiting, memen ten n can'get babackn track agagn. they have to movove away, they lolose their jobobs. / the puic c cing continues. 's's theoung manan kurnia's tuturn. he a also gets 25 5 lashes froe algojo -he " "executioner".

and then the show is over, thee audiencece is nt homome and ad kurnia i is a free manan. he spepent four montnths in prn for his forbididden relationsh. wewe go with h him to a cafe, ,e he tellsls his story. >> i've never committed a crime in my life. i never want to experirience anythihing like that a agai. >> i've never committed a crime my heart w was pounding.g. kurnrn is relieved to ha itt all behind him his girlieiendici ((chee-ce)e)) saw m bebein atenen tay. t he has great pla for the relatiship. > want to visit m gifriend's parentsndnd tal about the fufuture. mamaybe i can mamarry her soo/ the sharia police are back o patr. this timime we ride alalong wite female offfficers, but t the cameraraman isn't alallowed ine truck. memeand women mustn't be in such osose proxity.y. ththmoral enforcers use a loudeaeaker toeminind won to

wear a headsdscarf and avovoid t clclothing. just another day under sharia law. according to the un, by 2050, almost 70 percent of the world's population will live in urban people. and 2 billion of these people will be living in slums where the quality of life is substandard. in argentina, several organisations are now trying to reverse the "rural flight" trend and get people to head "back to the country!" the nearest major city lies 140 kilometers away. out here in the remote argentine grasslands, momost people makea

living f from cattle breeding r grgrowing grain crops or soy. daniel tron is a fifth-generation famer here. his village, colonia belgrano, is struggling. its population is no longer growing,g, because many young people move away to cities like buenos aires and santa fe to look foror work. inincluding his sons. the older generation wonders why so few people want to stay. marcela benitez offersrs a glimr of hope with h her organizatin "responde". she's trying to rescue villages on the brink of extinction - places like colonia belgrano. >> there are plenty of people who are tired of city life and dot live welell there. these villages are wonderful. they're hidden gems. i want people who aren't doing well in the cities to have the opportunity to live in a village.

more than half of alall argentinians now live in cities. it's h hard to lure young peope back to the villages. they need work, after all. but the lopez and rodriguez families have taken the plunge. argentinians now live in cities. for a few weeks now, they've been renting a house in colonia bebelgrano. >> this project offered me a way out. i used to live in the city in a very dangegerous aa. i didn't like it because i had young children - mathilda, francisco and florencia - and as they got older the issue of safety became more pressing. one man is an air-conditioning technician, the other a plumber - both useful jobs out in the country. in the city, the tradesmen barely scraped by. they lived in a poor neighborhood, and worried about their children.

>> we had to work long hours just to afafford our living cos. and it's too dangerous to let your kids play outside, so you have to pay to send themem toa club outside school hours. >> the arrival of new families has sparked hope in the village. residents even pitched in to spruce up the local church. among them - farmer daniel tron. they're also receiving financial support from various organizations that promote the move from city to country life. in the village and surrounding areas, there just aren't enough small business owners or tradespeople -- even though there'd be plenty of work for them here. >> 70 percent of global migration is motivated by economic factors. we know people have to work to live. and helping small businesses to

carve out a niche - giving them an opportunity to grow in this village - ththat's the firirstp totowards s saying "yes - we co this in any village. >> but the transition isn't always easy. the village school has to have space for newcomers, and be able accommodate theieir age group. regular support and financial assistance are part of the ngos' program. the families have to be carefully integrated into the community, but there are communal events to help with that. marcela benitez searched hard before she found colonia belgrano. the village may be shrinking, but the quality of life in the area is still high. as an initial step, 20 families were introduced here. they're offered an affordable plot of land and a loan. >> there will be 20 houses -- each on its own piece of land --

so every family can build their own small business there. the houses are all based on a special prototypype. they're heated with solar power, and they have better insulation. each has 2 bedrooms, a dining room and a kitchen. the families can extend the house if the family grows. for many argentininians, those e idyllilic livingng conditions. the governer of the state of santa fe supports the initiative. 2000 families across the country applied, and these are the ones that were selected. here they'll have less income, but a better quality of life. "responde" and a foundation called es vicis are now working with authorities and benefactors to connect more villages and families. >> the policy has to play a role at the national scale. and not just for argentina, but the whole of latin america.

that's our dream - for many communities in the region to profit from this approach. >> marcela benitez is convinced that life in the countryside still has a future. she hopes the colonia belgrano project will soon be followed by many more. >> now we head to spain, to the region around cuenca, where many villages are also struggling with the challenges of de-population. the minimum number of pupils required to keep a school open in spain is five, and that's how many joaquina reus welcomes every morning. it's a mixed group: some are in first grade, others in fifth. joaquina has taught in schools with more than a thousand students. but she prefers this village, guadalavia --despite the challenge of adapting to the two agage groups.

>> besides working with the children, i have a much closer relationshipip with their paren. that makes everything a lot nicer. >> when she started here 16 years ago, there were 25 students. all three classrooms were in use. but now they only need one. joaquina's pupils are lucky. they live close to the school. but in this region, it's more the exception. a bus picks up students in remote villages and brings them to school -- 50 kilometers away. driving time is an hour each way. the province of cuenca is one of the least populated areas in europe. in the countryside, there are ten inhabitants per square kilometer. people here used to work in the

lumber business and as farmers. but there's no profit in either occupation anymore, so more than half the villagers have left. professor francisco burillo from the university of saragossa wants new initiatives to stop more people from leaving the village. >> the international community needs to develop a strategic plan to use the culture and history of the region to the people's advantage. the land can be used for organic farming and eco-tourism. >> but unlike other eu countries, spain has no regional development plans. funds are spent on more immediate needs. >> doctor javier orte works in one of the regional health centers. his family, whom he sees only on weekends, lives in saragossa-- almost 200 kilometers away. he still drives about a thousand kilometers a week to visit villages and see his patients. evereryone's getting good medil care, but there's a problem.

everyone in this area gets good medical care. but therere is a problem. >> older peoplple don't t reae when they needed medical attention. sometimes they call because of a problem that's gone away by the time i get there. and at night, they're afraid to call, because they don't want to disturb me. next nurse juan carlos soriano, who gogoes on house calls with doctor orte, is usually the first point of contact for the patients. >> i'm the mailman, the nurse, the social worker. i'm a little bit of everything, really. the villagers of montes universales in the cuenca province appreciate the attention. two families live in the village of toril. the nearest village is 15

kilometers away. carlos, the domingo family's 23 year-old son, works on the farm with his parents. he doesn't want to go away. the air is clean, it's quiet, they have everything they need -including medical care. but he understands why so many others have left. >> many schools have closed; ththere's no work, no culture. farming isn't profitable anymore, the harvests bring the same as 50 yearsrs ago, but te prices of fuel and fertilizer have gone up. there are no stores here. it's practically an invitation to leave. >> but joaquina reus wants to stay. she only has five years until retirement. her school is in danger of closing when the older pupils leave. that's already happened in two neneighboring villages. >> if they close the school, i'll go to the neighboring village, griegos. they have the same amount of students. or i can go to tramascastilla. but i won't go to teruel or any other big school. the village school is my life.

>> but maybe it won't have to come to that. joaquina says three children were born in the village last year. according to spanish law, they're eligible for pre-school at three years of f age. and that insures the further survival of the school in guadalavia. >> follow us on dw global society. and now we meet people committed to protecting our planet. in our global ideas series. tourism is booming in sri lanka. by 2020 the island expects to welcome three million holidaymakers annually. but the equipment in many hotels is o out of date. air cons in particular use up tons of power and contain harmful l refrigerantsts. now hihiran cooray - - owner oe island's largest hotel chain - wants to change that. over the next three years, he

plans to make his hotels carbon-neutral. our reporter wolf gebhardt went to learn more about combining tourism and climate protection. >> it's an ambitious vision. one of sri lanka's biggest hotel chains wants to cover all of its energy needs with renewables by 2020. jetwing runsns 30 upscale e hos on the island, and welcomes visitors from around theorld. >> no o business can be suststd in the long term, if you d dont look after your people and the planet. their strategy is to install cutting-edge air conditioning systems... >> we can be a role model or we can be a guinea pig. >> just how green is jet wing really smart ?

>> we visit the chairman of jetwing at home. hiran cooray is one of the most powerful men in sri lanka's tourism industry. his father herbert set up the company in the 1970s. even back then, the business was envivironmentally minded.. >> my father always believed, when wherever we go and build hotels, we go in as strangers to that area. so for him it was important that we look after that environment and also that the local communities benefitted, from whatever he was doing () the hotel chain is a proper family business. two of cooray's three sons also work in the company. and being green is a private goal as well. their home is also powered by solar energy. negombo, a pictuturesque port n the west coast.

there are five jetwing hotels in the surrounding area. the island's electricity grid may look old-fashioned. but about 30 percent of sri lanka's electricity already comes from renewable sources -- mainly hydropower. so in seeking to be carbon neutral, jetwing isn't starting at zero. air conditioning accounts for over half the energy consumed in the hotels. conventional technology uses electricity to compress refrigerants that are harmful to the environment. but a new type of eco-friendly air conditioning has already been installed in five hotels. its system cools with water vapor. the german development agency, giz, trained the technicians involved. the necessary electricity is produced by burning biomass. the hotels will save money from the switch, but only in the long-term. the new boilers are twice as expensive as the old ones. and operating costs are considerably higher. >> the biomass boiler, you need to keep on feeding, you have to

make sure that the pressure is at 8 bar, constantly maintaining 24/7, labour intensive, it is manual feeding, maybe maybe every half an hour you have to keep on feeding the fuel. >> that fuel is waste wood from cinnamon farming. it o only releases the amount f carbon dioxide that the tree absorbed during its lifetime. power just used to come straight out of the socket. but now jetwing has to build up its own grid. >> 150 kilometres to the south is the center ofof the cinnamn production on the island. dinesha silva farms cinnamon as people have done here for generations. after removing an outer layer of bark, they pry off strips of inner bark -- the quills will later be packaged as cinnamon sticks.

>> "we also pack the little bits in and then let the entire thing dry in the sun. cinnamon is an important >>cinnamon is an important sideline that the family relies on to get by. dinesha's husband also works as a cabinetmaker. her brother has an administrative job. until now, the wood left over from the cinnamon harvest was a waste byproduct. now the family can sell it to jetwing and earn extra cash. hiran cooray is visiting another supplier. he has sold the waste wood in the past. small bakeries for instance sometimes use it as fuel. but since jetwing has started ordering from him, things have grown much simpler. >> these days i can sell in bulk to bulk buyers. in the past it was all small-scale stuff. jejetwing is sriri lanka's bigt buyer of the fuel, snapping up arouou a half ofof what's avavailabl the rise in demand has also led to a rise in price.

and soon supply could become a problem. >> with us expanding our hotels to different parts of the country, if we are to rely only on cinammon wood, i think there will be a shortage, because wee need large quantities. in some areas ot the country, cinammon is not grown. so we have to find alternate methods of powering our biomass as well. >> the company is already testing an alternative: briquettes made from compressed rice husk. it might be renewable, but burning it is dirty work. the workers have safety glasses and face masks to protect them from the smoke, but they don't always wear them. the power plant has only been in operation for three weeks. not everything is working smoothly yet.

this diesel generator is a stop-gap solution. here, too, cinnamon wood is being burned to dry the rice husks. is this laborious process really environmentally friendly? >> that is the challenge that we are facing right now, to minimize the smoke and the dust. embedded energy on one kilogram of bricketts is what we are tring to work out, to see, whether it's really a worthwhile exercise () >> the company is already pushing the limits of what can be achieved with biomass. if the hotel chain really wants to achieve i its goal of b beg carbonon neutral by 202020, tn hiran cooray is going to have to opt for an additional renewable energy source: solar power. he's already invested some in photovoltaics, but to scalale t up he'llll have to plow in a lt more cash. >> we will need to buy land, because the land by the beach resorts is obviously very expensive and then you cannot

convert those into solar parks. but there are lands in the interior, which can be bought to a much lower price., and there it is possible for us to have big solar park () >> a hotel chain that's one hundred percent green. if the experiment is a success, it could set an example for other hotels in sri lanka and those further afield. >> that's all for today. thanks for joining us! we're back next week and remember - we love hearing from you. write to us at global3000@dw.com or visit us on facebook - dw global society. see you soon!

01/26/18 01/26/18 [captioning made possible by democracy now!] amy: from park city, utah, at the sundance film festival, this is democracy now! thate president has argued he has legal immunity as president of the united states. in response, of course, we argued that issue has been decided in the case of paula jones versus president clinton, were in the united states of print court said that no man is above the law, including the president of the united states