turkey's central-bank works with the tumbling euro. vote counting underway in mali after sunday's mostly peaceeul presidential runoff. secuuity, education, and unemployment re among the

challenges for the winner. -pand the death toll from the rises to 436. more than 350,000 people have been displaced by the quake. hello and wellome back to the "france 24" newsroom. after losses in asia, european this monday, as turkeyyfalls deeper into a currency crisis. value against the u.s. dollar in the central bank has announced several measures o stem the crisis, including providing banks with all the liquidity not raisedbut it has turkey's president has dismissed the fall of the lira as a storm in aateacup. at the weekend, he accused foreign interests of waging an economiccwar against turkey. the country is a diplomatic spa% with the u.s.

on friddy, washington decided to doubbe turkey's steel and i'minum care of spirit joined by douglls herbeet. douglas, is this a fight that was waiting to happen? pouglas: we have heard this defiance from erdogan and relations with the u.s. have not been good for months and years. we have seen this pattern with a lot of humor -- with a lot of -pleaders. when a crisis hits heir countries, they often look for all types of other culprits but we ave seen this in venezuela with nicholas maduro seeing conspiracies, foreign midst. we have seen it to a certain extent in vladimir putin's -prussia. with erdogan's turkey. this is a country which -- it is not overstated when we say it is a key country in the region. it is a key strateeic ally. ally. big u.s. base and

has taken anddmore than 3 million syrian refugees, basically saving urope from migration problem. is seen assexterrally geopolitically important. at the same time, we have had the situation geooolitically -- we have had erdogan strengthening his grip, becoming more aathoritarian, coming basically castigattd for human journalists, cracking down on civil society, and any form of dissent. there has been that fault line for while. now, you have the personalities of donald trump and recep tayyip they have massive egos. they are both very thhn-skinned. they are both ultranationalist in their own countriess and they are both men who are not known for either apologizing for aaything aad giving themselves blame, and ever for

backing down. we haveea class of titanic egos, they clash of leaders which was an accident waiting to happen. so already a fragile geopolitical siiuation,% they situation, orsennngal rrlationship searching europe and turkey and turkey and euuope, and combining ttat is the personalities of these adamant leaders that are not going to give an inch. anchor: what can urkey do? douglas: i have said that might is right, unfortunattly. with veneeuela,,it will have to blink first for the uus. the same goes for turkey. turkey could go nuclear, nuclear in the sense of pullinn out of nato -- a key nato ally. happen. too much aligns on that relationship, no matter how much tension there has been in that alliance. realistically ann strategically is reaahing out to other potenttal alliee in the region. as erdogan has put it in a

speech -- new marrets, new alliances. what am i talking about? it is not some secret. we have alreadd seen turkeyy6 c1 purchasing missile-defense systeess it is getting closer to vladimir eye to eye. china has extended billions of trying to form an alliance. your membbr ssudi arabia and other arab states have slept embargoes on qatar. it has credit a vvlatile pituation in the region. turkey has been trying to establish stronger economic tiis with qatar. is that enough, turkey reaching out to russia, china, qatar, o replace strategic alliances with the u.s. and europe? not really. --na and ruusia and qatar china and russia especially -- or tensions with the u.s. right be wary of

jeopardizing relationships of the u.s. to haae a stronger when there ii a limit to how much turkey will be able to rely on them. i mentioned the migrant issue. erdogan can use as migrants, 3.5 million estimated syrian refugees in turkey, as leverage, as a bargaining chip in future negotiations. main nemesis, who has been in exile in the u.s., which he plames for the 2016 coup ttat turkey. and the u.s. wants this american pastor released aad brought back to the u.s. he is under house arrest currently. let'ssturn our attention to indonesia, where the death toll for august 5's earttquake has gone up again, announned at 430. quakesave been several recentlyy nd many aftershocks.

to a shelter for quite victims. reporter: a luxury hotel with no customers. instead, in the garden, dispsplaced famililies has set p tents. hardy has worked here foo fivee1 yearss he is providing support to those who lost their homes, and ssme are fellow employeee. s s e of the a areas worst they took refuge here, on the hills, after the earththake. the were watching the news on their phones and on ttlevision. might be a tsunami.ed that there reporter: liviving here with her she is glad tte hotel owners allowed them tt stay. >> we are here because our .e ave notting leftely destroy.

my son came here, so we wanted to be with him. for the huudreds of thousands of displaced, having access to food and water is essential. >> the water tank is very impootant, because many people -puse it for cooking, wash dish, and the shower. reporter: the neighbors who stayed in the village livee6 c11 beside the rubble and the financial aid. halffthe people here rely on the money from tourirism. devastating earthquakekes have rescheduled.hout t jobs.-holidn the locals have suffered the most. anchor: he leaders of north and south korea are due to meet again in september. the annooncement caae after governmmnt officials from both hell a conversation

inside a border village. the september summit will be the kkm jong-un this year.-in and pyongyang will be the scene for act iii of the dramatic fall between the koreas. at the high-level meeting in the demilitarizeddzone of the agreed that kim jong-un will meet the sooth koreaneader in the north capital at some point in september. summit, s itng is being purrued, i believe we can agaiain concrete answers to the problems that people hope and wish for. reporter: ddtails of the summits were scant, but the south senate improve ties.he leak -- said it determininggmeetings this year, a sharp contrast to last year's fears of war. he has already met with moon jae-in twice in april.

in june, he had a landmark summit with the u.s. president. shaking hands with kim jong-un11 is denuclearization. the north sayy it haa halttd its weapon testing, the u.s. officials say it has yet to of its arrenal. the issue is likelyyto be a key talking point to any upcoming pyongyang summit. the north is ot happy that u.s. led sanctions have not been llfted, despite goodwill% gestures such as the -prepatriation of p presumed res of american soldiers, killld during the european war. another gesture will happen later ttis month, when the two families splii apart by the korean war, the first rrunions anchoo: vote counting is underway ii mali after monday's presidenttal runoff. in the first round, the winner had 41% of the vote.

challenger took 18%.% of the countrr and on the norrh. on sunday, the rrnoff was mostly peaceful. seccrity will be o one of ththen challenges for the winner of the runoff. our repooter has more. human mission aad the anti-jjhadist african g5 so he'll -- shail. foreign forces have uuited to despite the peace agreement%. signed n 2015, it is a major challenge for the president. according to the latest you and report, the number of attacks in the countty doubled ww between 2017 and his year.% jihadists may have lost contrrl of northerr regiins, but with on aprilk in timbuktu 14, jihadist fighters have proved they are ccpable of complex operrtions.

since the cease-fire in september of last year, clashes tuareghe two are egg -- ru rebels has abated. there is s still conflict in the central region of the country, soar. the new president will have to -pcommunities, with the overhaul of the malian army. 344 human rights violations have malian security forces were involved in 58 of those. corruption remains in damage in phe ccuntry, as one of the grapplesoorest nations with economic chhllenges. as africa's leading producer of cotton, agriculture accountssfor the country is also struggling with high unemploymmnn. but according tt the african ddvelopment bank, the malian economy is showing signs of

progress, with expected grooth of 5.4% in 2017. inflation is esttmated aa 2%, which is less than the 3% threshold set by the west african economic and monetary% as the country struggles to stem unemployment, poverry remains rife. in a deeperate milliins are -- malians across the mediterraneen, and search for a better future in europe. anchor: a rescue ship turned away in june by italy and malta is once again waiting for a% place to dock. the aquariuu has 141 migrants on board this time, iicllding dozens of unaccoopanied minors. they were rescued off the coast of libya last wwek. reporter: iin he middle of the mediterranean sea, recent history is repeating itself. afterhan two onths multiple e.u. nations refused to allow rescue boat aquarius to dock on their shoress the

humanitarian ship is again faced with closed ports. this time, 1411people on board. thevessel rescued distressed migrants off tte course -- the coast of libya last wwek. the human at terry operating the ship accused the libyan coast guard of refusing to inform them that nearby boats were in dissress, a decision they say has disastrous consequences. it is discouraging the peoplehe duty to rescue in distress. reporter: since early 2016, ther aquarius hasshelped close to% 30,000 migraats at ssa. many of them were brought safely to italy, until this summmr, when roman shut its ports to all ngo rescue boats.

the tyininn governmentnt has eecouraged libyan authorrties to carry out rescue perations. on aturday, via hissfacebook account, italian prime minister giuseppepe conte said d the itin approach has already borne fruit. arrivals haveboaoats decreased by 85% compared to last year. in junn, italy and aquarius, with six and a nine e.u.king and you -- annt shows, crisis. although spain agreed to take in that boat, a solutioo has yet to be found. anchor: that is it for this edition. thanks for watching. stay tuned. ♪

reporter: an airport in the middle of the desert. after a 10 year hiatus, marshall flights are lending here oncee61 again. on board, 150 visitors from first snaps of he trip.ing ther they are greeeed by a welcome committee -- the same one every week. >> did you have a good flight? reporter: the governor greets the visitors in person. for ome, it is the first time, -pwhile othhrs are returning. >> eight years? very happy to see you again. thank you. reporter: the mauritanian the tourists return, attracted by the chance to see a region that was until recentll [indisceenible] >> yes, it is the first t me i have b been here.

are the group. discceetlyye t trek ii monitored d by authorities. they want to avoid any incidents. memories of a decade-long crisss ststill lingnger. papast. in 2207, four french tourists were killed, prrrrmpting paris d to mauritania. that meant touu opprators were no longer insured it to work in this part of the sahara. but in the eight yeeas thaa followed, there was not a single attack in mauritania. a security perimeter was established. the trip starts heee,,with dunes as far as the eye can see. a -- philippe has a

long when he enters in the has been a dream for years. >> it is sometimes worth ignoring advice to see such a beautiful landscape. ssmetties it makes us forget all the dangers. reporter: it is the ffrst night in the desert for these western tourists. the camel herders gear up for the trip. -pand the visitor stock up on carbs ahead oo a long day of in this vast desert, and none of them feel threatened.

>> my friends and family were worried, bececause they knknow t the e jihadist groups thatat ext in thehe s sahara ovover the lat dedecade. look at the belgian government website, and it said the area of mmuritania we are in nowwis safe. my insurance company says there covered. reporter: a wondrous sea of sand isis how the mauritanian organizers what the e touristsoo remember t the sahara, to satisy the westerner search for wilderness. there is no expense spaaed. each party has one camel per traveler to carry their gear.

once the enough, he logistics were up and running in a m matter of ekeks, lviving the truckers -- trekkers with liitle o worrr about besides contemplating the sahara. it is wonderful. splendid landscapes. it is really very pleasant. reporter: they are about to walk -p200 kilooeters in 15 days with not a tree insight, at from the sun and wind. for some, the reopennng of tte mauritanian sahara is an opportunity. isthe most difficultt thhng to reassure clientnts about what is happening in mauranania. right now, we consider that there is no problem in sending young french people in the context of our tours here. %reporter: tourisists and profesessionals both wanant ttee

safefely in eastern mauriiania. feat. is no asy the e ne under surveillanne is twice the sizeze of frrnce..6 c1 every day, three milititary plas fly over the region, on tte lookout for any suspicious proups. equipmentpgraded its in 2011, hoping to make the thing of the past.f the 2000's their infrared cameras can allowing them to immediately alert teams oo the ground. here, the rapid intervention -pbrigades constantly briefed fr action. exercise, the army wants to show us that they are firmly in control.% mauauritania has adopted a

broad strategy -- political, there have been eduucationcial. campaigns aimed at religious authorities. there have been acts of repentance by jihadists. and there has been a reorganization of the army. since 2010, h here has s not ba territitory. mauritania has indeed come a long way. its army was a shambles just 10 yearr ago. the m mitary has invested, rerecruited, a and eqequipped itseef. here on thewawas malian bordeder that the militay was fifirst defeateted. 15 of their men were killeled by but today, they havave ggined te

zone, a formerer commercial l hb built inin the1th cecentury. it is discreetly patrolled by security forces. but it's eerilyyempty pathways are a far cry from the bustle of the 2000's -- the golden years >> we are just walking y the mosque.%%-reporter: the mososque is open to visitors. this town is a unesco world ival means manyrr locals are back in business. over the past four months,,6 c11

flights from france have resumed, and a thousand ppople considered -- in what is considered the seventh holy town of islam. >> going to this town is like going tootimbuktu. these are important citiessof islam. this is an important moment. reporter: behind dooos,,the heritage has been out of the western public's reach. phhs an is one of the ast ggardians of these islamic panuscripts. this has lost its cover. we don't know how old it is. -preporter: tte wealth of knowledge, judicial and religious, lies in these cardbbard boxes.

the heritage, under threat, has man's courage. the amous unesco promised us funds, the promises onny bind those consistent to them. it is a shame. this is the oldest koran in% wewestern africa. reporter: unesco's uncapped promises anger himm despite the tourists' return, he worried about the region. >> like the candles i buun to provide life to others, wwen there wws a mess exile, all of the families left, exxept those who really cared. aftee thiso look heritage no matter what. they need to be rewarded. if not, they will become like the taliban. the used to be wise, but they left the ablet. they took out rifles because they thoughh riiles had more to offer.% the battll is not over.

eastern mauuitania is still fragile. once the provider of thousands -pof jobs, the tourism sector hs had to start over from scratch. particularly hard by the been ht departure of westeeners and the rise of terrorism. this former camel herder depended on tourists to make a living. jjbs, annlost their have yet to benefit from the sector's regeneration. nothing has changeded for him since ththe tourists returned. to survive, he acccpts any odd job. >> we used to work with toururists.

but when they leave, we go to town to llok for nee clients..61 sometiies, it works. but sometimes, it does not. and e returned to the villageçó

smith: everything is changing,veverywhe. and it's changgg fafast and f fter. it's hard toeeeep upand it's rd to o e where it's going. we've ililt thmost cocompx sociciy in hisry, but crcreasily, impoantt par. d many pple now feel that their voice unt for ththing. they've cocome ary,, oror. there isonflict all overhehe wor. extreme polical l paiess ara. populism and nationalism are expanding. it feels lee wewe'rlivingngn the brink. i'm dee smh, i run global ielliligee compmpy,