anchor: this is dw news live from berlin. donald trump bypasses congress and declares a national emergency along the u.s. border with mexico. pres. trump: the it for virtually invasion purposes. drugs, traffickers, and gangs. anchor: the move he needs to build a border wall. but he's already expecting a long legal battle.

the defense and diplomacy gathering known as the munich security conference opens to debate over who should do what in syria, afghanistan, yemen, and other global hotspots. host germany says it wants to sesee increased multilateral cooperation. ahead of saturday's hotly contested residential vote in nigeria, we tag along with the youngest of her candidate -- youngest ever candidate. the majority of the population is under 25. welcome to the program. u.s. president donald trump has declared a national emergency to build a wall along the mexican border. that allows the president access to budgets usually known for

other purposes. mr. trump says he needs about $8 billion and says he is confident that his administration will defeat any court challenges. reporter: donald trump's southern border bowl was a key -- border wall was a key promise in his campaign. pres. trump: i'm going to be signing a national emergency. we are talking about an invasion of our country with drugs, with human traffickers, with all types of criminals and gangs. we figight wars that are 60000 miles away, wars we should have never been in, but we don't control our own border. we are going to confront the national security crisis on our southern border. they say walls don't work. walls work, 100%. reporter: he wouldn't be the

first president to declare anna nash -- declare a national emergency. it's been done 58 times. >> i'm asking you to clarify where you get your numbers. most of the dea crime reporting statistics show that drugs are coming across at the ports of entry, that illegal immigration is down, and violence is down. pres. trump: let's go. no, nono. you get one. reporter: could you please answer? pres. trump: sit down.. yoyou get one question. i get my numbers from a lot of sources like homeland security. the numbers i get are a disaster. reporter: just weeks after the longest government shut down in u.s. history, trump remains defiant. sarah: we are joined by dw

correspondent helena humphrey, standing by from washington. we saw it there, trump declaring a national emergency. what happens next? helena: essentially, he stood there in the rose garden and drew the battle lines himself. he said he would sign off on this national emergency and no sooner with the ink be dry that he would expect legal challenges. they could come from any stakeholder, whether that be groups on the ground, individual states, democrats filing any legal challenge themselves. the president did say that he anticipated a set of legal challenges so this could take months if not years. anchor: nance --sarah: nancy pelosi spoke ahead of this announcement, anticipating it. this is what she had to say.

representative pelosi: i know the e republicans have some unee about it because if the president can declare an emergency on something he has created as an emergenency, and illusion he wants to convey, just think about what a president with different values can present to the american people. sarah: she is alluding to different crack's in the republican party, trump's own party. where do the republicans stand? helena: unease is not confined to one political stripe in this declaring of a national emergency. we've already seen some big names in the republican party come out to express their unease. we also had a statement condemning the move from the main senator -- the maine

senator, susan collins. she said that declaring a national emergency would be a mistake on the part of the president. it also sets a bad precedent for future presidents. that essentially sets out many of the facets of the problem at hand here. sarah: he's really going to swim upstream when it comes to this. it's clear he is going to have some challenges. why is this campaign promise so important to him? helena: it essentially all comes down to the fact that the president doesn't want to lose face on this. this was a central tenet of his campaign pledge to make america great again. he continues to insist that a border wall has to exist because of illegal immigration being at such a high level. he wants to reach out to his base, give them a win, and he is

eyeing 2020 and a second term. sarah: so we are potentially already in election mode, perhaps. helena humphrey, from washington, thank you. a quick check on other stories making news. a former governor of massachusetts is considering whether to challenge donald trump for the nomination in 2020 of the republican party. william weld has opened an exploratory committee. he says that trump has served himself rather than the nation and is too unstable to carry out his duties. authorities in nigeria say 66 people have been killed in a wave of violence in the central state of kaduna ahead of the presidential election. clashes between christian farmers a and muslilim herdsmen. the two groups have been

competing for landd and water fr years. a u.n. investigatioion shows tht rape and sexual violence against women and girls is still widespread in south sudan, despite the signing of a peace deal to end ththe five-year civl war last september. many of the perpetrators were members of youth militia groups or the n national ararmy. france has sent its ambassador back to italy following the biggest diplomatic dispute between the two countries since world war ii. last week, paris recalled the ambassador to protest what they called italian meddling in the french system after someone met with yellow vests activists. the munich conference has opened. it is three days of high-stakes global debate and closed-door

meetings, and the u.s. has sent its largest ever delegation. the host, germany, is focused on cooperation at all levels but, first and foremost, on the european continent. reporter: he couldn't have made a stronger statement. the head of the munich security conference opened the meeting wearing an eu hoodie. he wants people to know that europe has to retain its role within the struggling of the superpowers, usa, russia, and china. >> all of you leaders carry even a greater responsibility than in the recent past. reporter: europe cannot afford to show weakness, and that is why germany's foreign minister began by greeting her british counterpart anand emphasizing te strong relationship between those countries despite per exit. >> there is no better place, no better time to underline the friendship between our two

countries. germany and the u.k. stand together, shoulder by shoulder, as our soldiers do every day in their missions. reporter: williamson emphasized that they would continue to work together and security. >> the united kingdom is leaving the european union. i want to start by saying that our commitment to european security remains steadfast. reporter: one immediate and uniting challenge is how to deal with russia. because of new russian missiles, the u.s. has withdrawn from the inf treataty. munich is worried that a new cold war might begin. top politicians and experts are meeting to discuss how a second cold war could be averted. germany wants to do all it can to save the nuclear arms treaty

inf. they spoke with russian foreign minister sergey lavrov. >> russia's current behavior at the inf treaty hints at the impact this could have for the security of everyone involved, and especially s and europe. given the crisis surrounding the preservation of the inf treaty, we need better dialogue.e. highghnd letter r -- high -- u. former -- u.s. vice e president mike pence visited the concentration camp auschwitz. on his flight, he accused iran of using the same " anti-semitic hatred" as the nazis. sarah: germany's defense

minister spoke about the return of competition between great powers, and distinguished nato's values and interests from other countries values. reporter: the minister and many other people here e in attendane came straight from brussels. the defense minister was heavily focused on the inf treaty, and that is something that europe is very worried about. minister von der leyen spoke about this in her speech. that is something that people very much want to avoid. there are six months left in the waiting. before the u.s. -- in the waiting period before the u.s. formally withdraws. military is something that minister von der leyen

mentioned. she talked about the european union and what it can contribute to defense. she was balancing these fears about russia and the need for nato and the european union to step up and fight battles not just with military means. sarah: if we drill down into what she specifically said about nato, she talked about more fairness within the alliance. was she echoing president trump's call for europe to spend more on defense? it is a controversial issue. reporter: it is a controversial issue, especially between germany and president trump. he has pounded berlin on its relatively low defense spending. she was acknowledging that germany needs to do more. there has been a defense budget laid out where germany would up its spending to 1.5% gdp.

everyone says that germany needs to do more, including von der leyen. the comment about fairness, new worries that the u.s. would pull out of afghanistan abruptly, to abruptly for european tastes. she talked about afghanistan, the fact that nato said, we will go in together and out together. that was a message to washington, not to pull out troops from afghanistan without relying on the ongoing peace process for a condidions-basedd withdrawal. she was very much taking responsibility for the criticisms from president trump but also sending warnings back to him to truly be all for one and one for all when it comes to u.s. forces around the world. sarah: we know it is only day

one of the conference, so it will be a big weekend there for you. you will find virtually nonstop coverage of the munich security conference on our website at dw.com, where we will have live streams, updates, and we will be tracking news from the conference throughout the gathering. we are going to head to india, where the prime minister narendra modi has warned pakistan about what he calls a crushing respoponse to an attttk on a c convoy that killed moree than 40 indian paramilitarary police. ththe bombing in kashmir is the worst attack in the region in decades. security officials saying a a kashmiri mililitant ramped a an explosives-laden van into a truck carrying indian soldiers. our reporter in delhi has been out on the streets of the indian

capital to gauge the reaction. reporter: delhi is in shock after one of the worst terror attacks in kashmir. the blast, which killed over 40 indian security forces on a key highway inin cashmere has dominated headlines. people on the streets here are appalled by y the loss-of-life d arare demanding acaction. >> this is just plain wrong, simply wrong. i think the government should give a fitting reply to whoever has done this. reporter: the attack was claimed by the jaish-e-mohammed, considered to be a pakistan-backed islamicicerror outfit. a charge that islamabad denies. attacks like these are often

triggering of anti-pakistan demonstrations. whwhile some b blame pakisistan, others have expressed concern about the situation in the kashmir valley, which has seen a surge of homegrown militants in recent years. >> in this incident, there are terrorist groups that are trying to brainwash people, especially younung kids there, which is ve, very alarming. reporter: kashmir has been a flashpoint between india and pakistan. similar attacks s in the past he leled to a complelete breakdownn talks and have drawn the two countries to the brink of war. india has promised to isolate pakistan and take action on the attackers. all eyes now on what prime

minister narendra modi's government will do next. sarah: now to nigeria. it looks like it will be a tight race between two candidates. the incumbent, muhammadu buhari, a former general who was voted in on an anticorruption ticket. his main opponent, atiku abubakar, a businessman who stands for more modern and liberal policies. both of these men are part of the aging political elite. nigeria has reduced the minimum age for candidates so some youngsters have thrown their hat into the race. one of them is 35 years old. in a country where the under 25 make up a majority of the population, his chances may be better than expected.

reporter: on the election campaign trail, he is the youngest ever nigerian presidential candidate and education is a central ththeme. > and still we start to fix education, it will be difficult to fix any sectors in our cocountry. >> he's calling for 35% of the country's budget toto go toward education. e school's prinincipal is surprised to see a politician who understands education. the school receives noo state support and is financed by fees, affordable only to those w who earn good money. >> the government, i don't think they have interest in developing education. they have done nothing about education. they don't see education as something that will bring money

to them and that is why they are not funding education. reporter: the political failures of the past we decades can be seen at a state funded school in kaduna, northern nigereria, bary worthy of the name. the classrooms have neither desks nor chairs. abdul is 14 years old, himself a student, but he is currently responsisible for hihis whole c. >> i take care of them because i am older and i want to help my brothers and sisters like this. the teachers aren't here again. that is why i'm doing it. reporter: here, there are no books or chalk. it is not :00 in the morning and, only now, the first teacher

has shown up. this school has 800 students and only four teachers. his sons go to school here. the teachers are poorly paid, he saysys. no one would want to teach at such a school. >> my children should become doctors or soldiers. they should have a worthwhile job and a good future. but in these circumstances, nothing will come of it. if he had enough money, the taxi driver says,, he would have long ago sent hisis children to prive school. the reigning party of president buhari has been in power in this area. 70% of teachers were unqualified. more than 20,000 teachers have

been let go because they couldndn't read all r right.. >> the administration had faced some budgetary constraints. the magnitude is such that it will take about 10 years for it to be addressed. reporter: could drone -- kaduna state,, educacation makes up ony 7% of the budget. the issue played hardrdly any re in president buhari's election cacaaign. chike ukaegbu wants to change that, but he had his -- but he and his small party are struggliling. despite a small campaign budget, he wants to lay down a marker. >> the passion, the vision, the purpose that we as young people bring to the table, started to change this narrativive that we arare not good enough, not read, not qualified to lead.

i think it is evident that we have a whole lot more to offffer to our generation and the generations after us. reporter: he says it is a simple equation. if nigeria, with its booming population, doesn't invest in education, , the next crisis wil not be far awawa that is something, he says, that every politician should understand. sarah: now to a much different competition, the competition at the berlin international film festival. what is happening down there? maya: just a few hours ago, we see the brazilian film "marie lle." there were protesters that crashed the red carpet, shouting

slogans in favor o of the former brazilian president, who is sitting in jail. the actors and directors started chanting along with them. this film is coming along in a very testy time in brazil's history. it is about a controversial resilient political leader who was a revolutionary, and agitator in the 1960's, carlos mariella. they don't even have a release date. sarah: we know that "amazing grace" ran today. what is that about and what it is -- and what is it like?

reporter: this was 90 minutes of pure joy.. this was a documentary shot in the 1970's about aretha franklin. it is her taping her album, amazing grace, live. itit is unlike any other music documentary you have seen. there are no real talking heads, no real cutaways. you are just i in the church, experiencing this amazing choir. it iss c cut so inteterestinglyy becausee the thing about this footage, it was basically archived and forgotten about until recently when they brought it out and had to remaster the sound and sync everything up because it had been taped specially. they had to make something out of this weird footage. it feels kind of haphazard but it is organic, wonderful, and transformative to experience. sarah: and who doesn't love aretha franklin.

you've been watching these films all week. what might win that tom price, the golden bear -- that top prize, the golden bear? reporter: one of my favorites was called "puranas." it was about a gang of children in naples, their descent into criminality, the kind of live fast, die young mentality. what makes it kind of special is that these actors were not professional actors, they were just kids from these neighborhoods. they actually are from the places that are represented in this film, the sort of working, somewhat rougher neighborhoods. another one, a chinese film called "so long, my son." it is kind of a subtle critique of china's one child policy.

that has been causing a buzz around here, especially in light of another chinese film that got canceled at the very last minute for very dubious reasons. sarah: maya shwayder on the red carpet. you will find out tomorrow who indeed wins. now you are up-to-date on dw news. a member, you can always follow us on social media. facebook, instagram, twitter. you name it. ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] ♪

was shut down in part of the uss presidet has dececlared a natational emerergency to o find his border wall with mexico. donald trump says united states rison invasion of drugs criminals and gangs. the declaration means the president will be able to divert funds budgeted for military construction projects and counter narcotics programs. from says he expects his administration will but he will appeal all the way up to the supreme court and he's confiden. he'll win