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tv   Global 3000  LINKTV  June 9, 2019 2:30pm-3:01pm PDT

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are driving protesters on to the streets. they're concerned about their health, and the environment. the memories of a devastating flood in bosnia and herzegovina has people there preparing for the worst. but first we head to brazil, where activists fear big
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agriculture has once again set its sights on the rainforests. last year, there were a total of one billion cattle on our planet, 773 million pigs, 23 billion chickens, and around a billion sheep. the past five decades have seen worldwide annual meat production almost quadruple. one of the world's top meat exporters is brazil. the south american country also cultivates vast amounts of soya for animal feed. from august 2017 to mid-2018, almost 800,000 hectares of rainforest were destroyed, harming the lives of indigenous people in particular. reporter: these members of the awá tribe are hunting monkeys.
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suddenly, they gather around a hollow tree trunk. the dogs have chased a rodent into the log. takuari awá pulls the agouti out by its hind legs. takuari: we'll take the agouti home with us and eat it. reporter: nearby, other members of the tribe are gathering bacuri. the fruit inside the hard outer shell is highly nutritious. they also pick açai berries high up in the trees.
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for these indigenous people, the rainforest provides a home and a livelihood. piraí: without the jungle, we would starve. from the rainforest we get monkey meat, fruit, and nuts. reporter: the awá hunt together and eat together. they live scattered across an area of close to 1000 square kilometers. it's one of the last bastions of intact rainforest in the state of maranhão. monkey meat is considered a delicacy here. the tribe's first contact with the outside world came just 37 years ago. the fact that they still maintain their traditional way of life is partly due to the efforts of funai, a government agency. raimundo nonato abreu works to protect the rights of the awá.
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nonato: without the protection from funai, this tribe would no longer exist. a number of years ago, loggers and farmers started encroaching on the land. by the time they were expelled, they were only two kilometers away from awá settlements. reporter: but now the community is once again under mounting pressure. cattle graze just steps away from the awá's demarcated territory. funai is also observing a rise in illegal logging, with farmers felling trees to expand their arable land. miro: there are lots of people bringing cattle from drought-hit regions to graze in the protected area, as if they owned the place. nonato: the people behind it are powerful farmers and loggers who
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are again trying to encroach on the indigenous territory. reporter: for years, raimundo nogueira was one of those people, illegally farming land inside the protected area. nogueira: the police came and i was thrown out. kicked out. they dragged out my grandson. i couldn't even take my hammock with me. reporter: the farmer complains that the new land he has to farm outside the indigenous territory is far too small for his family's needs. he's planning to move back. nogueira: i believe first in the word of god, and then in the word of president bolsonaro. he has promised that we'll be able to return to the reserve soon. reporter: when he assumed office, president jair bolsonaro launched an offensive against the rights of the country's
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indigenous communities. his priorities are mining and agribusiness. tereza cristina dias used head of the farming lobby. now bolsonaro has made her agriculture minister, and put her in charge of indigenous land designations. the government wants to expand farmland and open it up for commercial exploitation, for the mass production of cotton and soy for export to china. fabricio: we can double agricultural land for soy farming. today our output is 120 million tons, and soon we'll be producing 240 million tons. reporter: and that goal means deforestation. funai, the national indian foundation, is feeling the pressure from the farming sector. its base in the awá reserve was devastated by an arson attack that sent a clear message. raimundo nonato abreu keeps finding cattle grazing illegally in the reserve. nonato: the farmers don't care. back then we did so much to
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drive invaders off the reserve. but now they're back. and the funai doesn't have the authority to expel them. reporter: the environmental police do have the authority. for the time being, they still protect the indigenous people. but for how much longer? nonato: we're worried about what will happen when we lose this protection. we fear for our safety and the safety of the indigenous people. reporter: the awá community is facing an uncertain future. their home is under threat from agribusiness. and with jair bolsonaro in power, the threat is growing stronger every day.
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host: just days ago, the brazilian government slashed the country's budget for fighting climate change by 95%. it also halved funds for forest fire protection. according to brazilian research institute imazon, this year, ever larger areas of rainforest in indigenous parts of the amazon have been destroyed. in recent weeks, representatives of brazil's indigenous peoples gathered in the capital brasilia demanding an end to the destruction of the rainforest. nature is under threat in russia, too. the country has a huge trash problem. every year, russians create around 70 million tons of rubbish, just 4% of which is recycled. moscow alone chucks out more than 10 million tons of waste a year. and because local landfills are overflowing, the local government has its sights on
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more remote areas. one such landfill is being built on the upper reaches of the northern dvina river. but there are concerns that sewage from the site could pollute the river up to the city of archangelsk on the white sea. reporter: in early april, local authorities tried to prevent a rally in arkhangelsk in northwestern russia. to no avail. thousands showed up to protest against moscow's plans to build a new landfill in the region for waste from the capital. among the organizers of the demonstrations was 23-year-old medical student alexander peskov. alexander: the protestors are getting ready. we'll be marching to lenin square. we hope that the government listens to our demands.
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reporter: moscow has been struggling with waste management problems for years. now the capital is looking to solve the crisis at the expense of other regions. >> we're here because the government isn't listening to us. >> i am ready to go to war. and everyone in arkangelsk feels the same as i do. >> they're bringing trash from outside and dumping it here. but we're already swamped with our own garbage. reporter: the protestors accuse the regional government of inaction, and failing to fight back against moscow's plan to build what would be one of europe's biggest garbage dumps here, an unspoiled region a 22-hour train ride from the capital. the activists say the waste will be transported by train to shiyes railway station, in the middle of the forest, and then unloaded at the new site right next-door. when locals first got wind of
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the project, they couldn't believe it. nikolaj: when i first heard about it, i was furious. what are they thinking, sending their toxic waste here? what kind of a plan is that? disposing of their waste 1200 kilometers away, where it will contaminate the forest? reporter: a number of rivers also run through the region. locals are concerned that toxins will seep into the groundwater and eventually into the white sea. the activists are doing all they can to prevent the new landfill. nikolaj: they can't get any fuel here because we've blocked two of the access roads. once they had a private helicopter fly in nine tons of diesel. they can't use their machines. the workers have to do the digging by hand. reporter: the activists have set up camps around the construction site. they take turns staying there a
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few nights. in arkhangelsk, 700 kilometers away, people feel bullied by the authorities. the protestors also say their homes have been searched. svetlana: the police acted appropriately. they will now assess the decisions of those who organized the protests. the government hopes this process will be objective. reporter: alexander peskov is also under investigation. when we met him, we were shadowed by agents from the russian federal security service. alexander: i'm not afraid. it's not the first time i've taken part in a protest. we have to show those in power that we need to separate waste and recycle it and not just bury it in the ground. reporter: peskov has even put his studies on hold so that he can devote more time to the cause. alexander: so far we've always applied for a permit to
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demonstrate. that might change. and then, we wouldn't bother with all the paperwork for the powers that be. reporter: for the time being, moscow's answer to its waste problem is to dump it elsewhere. host: where do people live on our planet? in global living rooms, we go to a farmhouse in nepal. ♪ ram: hello, please come in.
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it's very, very hot here. 40, 44, sometimes 46 degrees celsius. it's unbearable inside the house without the fan. anita: i put up these pictures of babies, because they're so sweet. i love babies. i'm expecting a baby in five months.
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mamita: this sewing machine is very important for us. we use it to make our own clothes. and the things we sleep in, the bedclothes. ram: in our hindu culture we also worship ganesha, the son of the god shiva. ganesha is the god of good fortune. thanks for visiting us and our home. host: this week in global ideas, we fus on prepations for extreme weather. the acceleration of climate
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change is making storms and flooding more common. our reporter marion hütter travelled to bosnia and herzegovina in the balkans. the vrbas river flows through banja luka in the north of the country. the waterway is typically fairly calm. every now and then, though, it bursts its banks. now there's hope that new flood defenses will protect local people and the environment. nemanja: it was pretty unreal. it was the first time i was afraid of nature like that. reporter: the biggest river in the country had burst its banks, claiming the lives of 20 people. everyone in bosnia-herzegovina knows where they were in that fateful week in may, 2014. nermanja: we'd been visiting my grandmother in celinac, and were driving back on this road. the water had risen, almost up to the road.
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i had my mother in the car, and it was like a scene out of a disaster movie. reporter: the town of celinac, as this footage shows, was hardest hit by the flooding. but its impact was felt all across the region. the estimatedamage was equivalento nearly 1 of theng. but its country's gdp.t all tens of thousands of people were forced to flee their homes, including this family. looking at footage of the disaster brings back difficult memories. zelko: everything we had was destroyed. it was tough. we brought the children to safety. when i saw our house the next day, i wept. reporter: the catastrophic flooding five years ago was a huge shock. now, the united nations' velopment program is helping to bolster the region's flood
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defenses. raduka: the first thing that we need to have is good decision making, is a good base for decision making. we develop flood hazard and flood risk maps, we are developing flood management plans, we are creating a flood forecasting early warning system. reporter: an immediate aim is to reduce the areas at risk of flooding, and protect the local population. the undp is also funding a project to help shore up the vrbas river. nermanja juncic is a field associate for the u.n. program, and helps coordinate with construction companies, residents, and local authorities. this building site is located just outside banja luka, home to 180,000 people. nermanja: the united nations development program is helping to shore up the banks of the vrbas river.
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we've also removed the silt from the river bed. that will allow large quantities of water to flow through unimpeded, and quickly. and that will help protect the city. reporter: banja luka, which the country's second-biggest city, is just a few kilometers downstream. bosnia-herzegovina was created in the aftermath of the wars in the 1990's that saw the breakup of yugoslavia. the young, small state has struggled economically. funding for public works is in short supply, and research institutes are also affected. the country's water management agency is based in a couple of portable containers. most of the technical equipment was provided by the u.n. what will happen when the
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project ends? darko: our funding comes from the public sector budget. the money for equipment maintenance is extremely limited. there has been a slight increase, but it's an issue the authorities should be taking more seriously. reporter: the un-backed project has installed 29 measuring points along the vrbas river. their sensors supply data to the early-warning system currently in the pipeline. here, too, the catastrophic flood remains fresh in people's memories. darko: on may 16, 2014, the vrbas river was up to here, eight meters 16. reporter: that's the sound of the new sirens, installed to warn residents of celinac of possible flooding.
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all high-risk areas now have an emergency plan in place, and trained disaster-response teams. but their equipment is several decades old. branimir: the disaster protection law set the percentage of the budget that each local government should allocate to civil protection. unfortunately, that's not being put into practice here or anywhere else at the moment. reporter: climate change is exacerbating the problem. with the weather going from one extreme to another, torrential downpours are becoming more frequent, as are floods. the rain is often followed by prolonged periods of drought. local farmers are already feeling the effects. asim duliman grows fruit in his field, and has seen his harvest decrease year after year. asim: last year it rained for the entire summer.
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it rained until september. my raspberry bushes died. and the year before, we had problems due to drought. reporter: the natural beauty of this corner of bosnia-herzegovina is deceptive. flood defenses are vital to the survival of communities here. host: now it's time for another tasty treat in global snack. reporter: india's capital, delhi.
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by the sharma family. it might look modern, but the family's been making paratha here for almost 150 years. rajeev sharma is the current owner. rajeev: the new generation likes fast food, but people still love traditional indian flatbreads. we've been here for six generations and we've always had customers. reporter: paratha is a buttery, flaky flatbread. here it's served with banana chutney, a coriander andint sauc and a poron of pota curry. >> there's potato paratha,5ana carrot, radish, layered paratha,
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pe, dry frui cashew nu pumpkin,hili, okraand tomato >> there's potato paratha,5ana carrot, radiparatha.red paratha, reporter: making the flatbads iseam work. >>jai naith is one of the cooks carrot, radipahere..red paratha, he starts work at 5:00 in the morning. jai: let me explain how to make flatbread. to prepare a mixed paratha, i make the wheat dough and fill it with lots of vegetables to give it a nice crunch. then i add some spices, i fold it, and i roll it flat. i give it a round shape to make it look nice. then i deep fry itn hot, clified butt. reporter: there's always a big crowd at the snackbar. flatbread makes a tasty breakfast or a convenient snack
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for on the go. people come from far and wide to eat here. >> their flatbreads are delicious. >> we had tasty. and cabbage p're from chhattisgarh state and we came here just to eat flatbreads. i had thereen chili paratha, which was super spicy, but i enjoyed it. reporter: the sharma family sell about 1000 parathas a da they ct the equilent of about $1. 250 flatbreads are baked on the premises. the rest, in the family's three other outlets on old delhi's flatbread lane. host: repression and discrimination are part of life for many wen around e world. on our new facebook channel, dw women, you'll find stories about those taking a stand and inspiring others to do the same. dw women gives a voice to the
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this week. we're back soon, and in the meantime, don't forget to send us your feedback and your comments. write to us at global3000@dw.com. and you can find us on facebook too, dw women. see you soon. ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]
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