genie: this is france 24. i'm genie godula. these are the headlines. six u.s. democrats f faced off n the last presidential debate before next month's primary vote in iowa. the hot moments -- health care and a heated exchange over whether a woman can win the election. emmanuel macron asking his government for concrete puzzles to improve the ethics of the french police force, from

accusations -- after accusations from as high up as the um police here have used violence in incidents caught on tape. amazon tribes are meeting in brazil to plan a resistance to the government there. indigenous readers -- indigenous leaders trying to fight a push to open the reservations to commercial mining. also this hour, a cease-fire deal in the trade war between the u.s. and china, what have they agreed? we will have the details and our business update. the lackntroversy over of diversity in the oscar nominations continues, france names director spike lee is the president of the jury at this year's con film festival -- c annes film festival. first, our top stories, live from paris. ♪ ♪

genie: last night in iowa, the fromresidential candidates the democrats still in the race went head-to-head, the final debate for the iowa caucus, the first in the nation nominating contest for the democrats which is now 19 days away. nick rushworth is the details on a debate marked by a heated exchange over whether a woman could attain the presidency. the mean progressive candidates for the democrats, elizabeth warren and bernie sanders, clashed over whether he told her in 2018 he believed a woman could not win the white house in 2020. sanders: i did not say that. nick: senator warren was taken aback and a hit back saying the women onon stage were not loser. woman beat: can a

president trump? look at the men on this stage. electitive lee, they have lost 0 elections. the only people on this stage who have won every election they have been and are the women, amy and me. nick: warren, after the debate, opted not t to shake hands with sanders. allowed front joe biden to stay above the debate. he scored points on foreign policy. we are isolated. our allies in europe are making a comparison between the united states and iran, saying both ought to stand down, making a moral equivalence. we have lost our standing in the region. nick: pulling suggest the top contenders are warren, biden, sanders, and trailing b behind, former mayor pete buttigieg. the debate came weeks before the

iowa cauaucus, which will be the real thing in terms of what american voters are thinking. genie: and in the very latest on the impeachment in the unitedd states, the u.s. house of representatives are set to vote to send articles of impeachment against donald trump to the senate, where an eventual trial would take place. impeachmhment proceedings in the u.u.s. arere very complex. let't's bring in julia sieger. this is a very ceremonial process, a lot of pomp and circumstance. talk us through how these documents will be transferred. reading up on it, i was really surprised, but it starts with the house. that gives formal notice to the senatesenate that it is ready tt those documents. the senate responding that it is formally ready to receive those documents. the house managers are lawmakers who will act as managers in the trial.

they will start marching from their chambers through the l, through the dome we all know, to the senate chambers, with a box to deliver. willenate sergeant at arms receive it. it is a ceremony indeed. the next centers will escort the u.s. chief justice, john roberts junior, into the senate chamber, and he will be swearing in as the president of the trial. senators will also be sworn to impartiality. it will be sworn in individually or collectively. careful andes of meticulous procedural steps. genie: we are moving toward a trial set to start next week. what will that be like? julia: we don't really know, because the u.s. constitution does not say exactly how the trial should be held. itit says the senate must hold a trial. lawmakers must sit as prosecutors, and the u.s.s.

chief justice has to be the president of the trial. senators must take a public are, and 2/3 of the vote needed to convict the president and remove him from power. before this is even possible, lawmakers and senators have to get together and decide on the rules, because the constitution does not mention key elements, like whether witnesses can be called or what kind of evidence to admit. senators across party lines have to get together and choose those rules. they also have to choose a start date, we are hearing, next tuesday. the sticking point is probably the same as we saw during the impeachment trial of bill clinton. it is whether or not witnesses can be called. we have heard mitch mcconnell -- he has hinted he would vote against. at least he has asked for that question to be raised a little bit later in the trial. with bill clinton, it is only later in the trial they accepted three witnesses to testify in a videotaped deposition. france, the u.k., and

germany have formally accused iran of breaking the landmark nuclear deal. toward the first step going to the united nations. a breach in uranium enrichment has people scared the country could be close to building an atomic bomb. the united nations insisting there is still time for iran to save the deal. said thereign minister agreement is among the best deals he could imagine. thing, in all modesty -- since i negotiated it, i believe it was the best fields -- one of the best deals made in the recent past. one of the few major achievements of multilateral diplomacy. genie: i'm going to talk more about this into run with raise a sisire. saire.

what about the pressure from europe, anand is iran open to negotiating at this point? thihis point,t, they say ththey are onlnly open to negotiating g if the u u.s. lifs sanctions or europopean powerss deliver someme of the benefits f the nuclr r deal wreathe statement, mrmr.'s a said he believes a nuclear -- mr. zarif said he believes a nuclear deal is not dead.d. bubut ananalysts s see that thtd be t the beginning of the end fr the nuclear dedeal. one of these is a s statementnty u.k. prime minister boris johnsoson, saying thatat all pas should do away with the cucurret nucleaear deal l and do an agret to thehe liking of u.s. prpresit donald trump. thatat is obviouslyy a a statemt ththat mr. trurump and his adadministration love to hear. they have bebeen lobbying for months to get the european powers on ththeir sidide.

it is a statement the iraninian leadership obviously does s not like to o hear. developmentbling accordrding to obsbservers is te european sigignatories chohoosia dispute resolution mechanism withthin the agreement that usua diplomatatic trarack to get the parties invnvolved in the n nucr agreemement to resolve a dispute if one of the parties is not abiding by its commitment. inin this casase, the european powers arere saying ththat iran nott abiding by its c commitmen. bubut observers say it t is unly ununder the e current circumstas and the current sanctions thahat iran would agree to recommit to its agrereement. ththat is why many observers say this c could be the beginning of the end f for the nucuclear dea. any diplomat s saying it itotoo eay to say. any diplomats in europe say they want to keep this deal alive. this all coming as there have been days of angry protest after iran admitted it had

mistakenly downed a civilian passenger plane, killining eveverybody on board. there e were more calls s for dedemonstrations. tell me more about that and the investigigation. reza: calls f for fresh demomonstrations were posted o n social media a litittle after 30 p.m. in the afternoon here in tehran. things seem to be quiet. will that change in the coming hours as the sun goes down? we wilill wait and see. early saturday morning, many iranians came out to demonstrate when the iranian leadership acknowledged it had mistakenly down ukrainian airliner yesterday in what seemed to be an effort to do damage control. resident rouhani said the thorough,should do a transparent, public investigation to hold anyone accountable. that was seemingly an effort by the iranian government to ease the tension, ease the anger of

the iranians. will that work? will iranians continue to demonstrate? we will keep an i out. -- an eye out. genie: in moscow today, president t vladimir pututin gae his annual state of the nation address. speaeaking earlier, he said he wanted to give parliament the power to choose russia's prime minister, along with other responsibilities, but did say he would like to keep russia's strong presidential system in place. mr. prudent -- mr. putinin: i considerer it nececessary to h a people vote on the proposed package of amendments to the constitution in order to make a final decision. keye: that is the development for observers, who want to see how putin might reform the political system

political system before 2024, and his current presidential term ends and the constitution requires him to step down. a tetear gas grenade hits residents and first floor apartments in lyons. officer attacks a protester in toulouse. and imperva's, and officer fires a rubber bullet launcher at point blank range. each has led to an investigation and an unprecedented response of the french president. >> i expect higher standards from our police officecers. i asked the interior minister to make concrete proposals in this regard. today, there are cases which i do not want to comment on. they are being brought to court. unacceptable behavior was seen and popointed out. rereporter: accorording to frenh media, the number of investigations by the police oversight body wished a new record in 2019. they include over 200 cases of alleged t telly during yellow vests protests, violence that has made france the only developed country facing a united nations inquiry for excessive use of force by

police. meanwhile, several years of terror attacks, followed by weekly y yellow vests and almost daily p pension protests, have taken a toll on france'e's polie force. >> our colleagues put up with chaos and they are the last bastion of the republic. we must not divide, but unite. reporter: in recent months, police have been protesting what they call unprecedented attacks from protesters,s, lack of funding, and the high suicide rate among officers, which saw a new spike in 2019. genie: that report from alex sergeant -- from alison sargent. a resistance movement to a government in brazil. indigenous leaders began a tribal gathering to fight a push from the far-right president to open the reservations for commercial mining and agriculture. shirli sitbon reports. brazil's indigenous

populations united to fight president jair bolsonaro. every year, parts of their lands in the amazon rain forest are lost due to illegal logging and mining, and now brazil's billdent is pushing a new which would reportedly make mining and farming their legal. white man named bolsonaro, enjoy your time in office, because my fight is for an entire lifetime. shirli: deforestation in the amazon has worsened since president bolsonaro came to power. in 2019, it rose 85% compared to the previous year. this has led to fires anand clashes. meanwhile, activisists defending reservationsns have been k kill. brazil is one of the most dangerous countries for environmental activists.

dozens of activists are killed each year. >> i am here to discuss our right to land, health care, to --indians -- rights with her rights which are being threatened. shirli: brazilian law still protects reservations, but according to a newspaper, the new legislation would weaken their position. it could scrap the right to veto dams and oilluding and gas exploration. they could grow genetically modified crops. tribal leaders have set up a plan to stop that legislation. genie: in california, an airplane was forced to dump its fuel on the way back to los angeles international airport. that was after some technical trouble forced it to turn around. that fuel dump caused severe skin and lung irritation for

dozens of children and adults at several elementary schoolsls. children and teachers in the midst of outdoor recess at several l.a. prprimary schoos tuesday. a jet airliner passing overhead, spewing vapor trails from its wingtips. moments later, the smell of kerosene filled the air as lungs and skin began to itch. :00 p.m., your l.a. county fire department was dispatched to a hazardous materials incident at park avenue elementary school. the first arriving units found 31 patients who were contacted with the jet fuel. reporter: the jet, a delta airlines flight enen route to shanghai, had d been forced to turn back to the e airport shory after takeoff when it encountered engine trouble. delta said the fuel dump was required to reach a safe landing

way. it isa says investigating. standard procedures call for fuel dumps to be executed over unpopopulated areas at higher altitudes.s. 60 people in the surrounding area were eventually treated for skin and lung irritation, mostly with soap and water. the plane landed safely back at l.a.x. genie: as the oscar nominations that came out this week have been slammed for their lack of diversity, france's most prestigious film festival is making a historic first step. american director spike lee has been named president of this year's cannes, the first black person to lead the jury in the 70 year history of the festival. reporter: a decision that will --down in cannes history african-american film director spike lee is named the first black president of the jury. for the 62-2-year-old, it comess a career-high..

spike: when i got the call that i was offered thee o opportunito become preredent of ththe jury,i was shocked, hapappy, surprisedd and proud at thehe same titime. i am honoreded to be the first person of the african diaspora to be named president of the jury and the film festival. reporter: it is the culmination of a three decade long love story between the director and the festival which started in 1996, when he presented "she's got to have it," in an independent selection that runs in parallel to the festival. black anand white film took only two weeks to shoot and when the youth prize for best young director. the biggest film festival for the first time. he has always been heavily engaged in fighting for the rights of black people in the united states, as well as other minorities. he has presented seven of his films at the festival. ansman won thekkl grand prix.

spike: it is an indictment of racism all over the world. lee will also be awarded a palm door -- palm d'or for lifetime achievement. genie: the first phase of thee u.s.-china trade agreemement is set toto be signed today.. stephen: the chinese vice premier will sigign this 86 page documentnt with president trumun a few h hours. itit is a limited agreement that only tacackles somome o of the underlying issuess in the now 18-month-oldld tradede war. it will include a comommitment from chinana to increase purchas ofof.s. goodods. in r return, wasashington wiwilt the tariffs on some chinese imports, but not remove them entirely. any more of the complex issues are still to be addressed. -- salonge: a new,

quieter chapter of reconciliation. in phase one of the new trade deal, many promises have been made. china will bite $200 billion of u.s. goods. even if the book of tariffs remain in place, the u.s. has vowed to cut them forr about $10 billion worth of chinese imports. beijing has also promised to stop the forced transfer of american technology to chinese firms. the deal stopped short of tackling china's intellectual property practices. >> we are very focused on implementing phase one. we will start phase two. we are very focused. this is an anonymous achievement for the president and economic team. this is the first time we will have a fully binding agreement with china, with structural changes, technology protection, and an additional $200 billion of p purchases. by $85: china will now billion worth american and

effector goods -- worth o of american manufactured goods, as well as $50 billion in energy purchases. such p promises arare higher thn pretrade were figures, raising questions about her realistic phase one is. with no set date for phase two, the 86 page document falls short of being a lasting peace agreemenent, but p paves the w f a thawing of trade relations. stephen: e earlier, , we spokeko our colleagues in beijing about how this agreement leaves many of the more difficult issues unresolved. charles: the phase two issues are trickier, more difficult to resolve, mostly because they get at something that is the industrial subsidies prorogram, whwhich represenents basicallyly china's economic model, which gives a huge role to the state in the economy. it is a communist economy, after all. this will be much more

complicated, and this is not likelyly to change, especially s those industrial subsidy programs are used to fuel china's development, especially technological development. chinese technological development is w worrying the wawashington side, because they want to make sure they continue to be the world leader in that particular area. really,, it gets to a strategic rivalry between two great powers . this also explains thehe americn wei, atn against hua least according to the beijing sidede -- why the united statess lobbyiying government's around e world d not toto give contractso huawei to set up a 5g network. chineseepreresents the mol ththe u.s. wanants to chang. ststephen: the drama h has playd out on the financial markets, taking a tumble. today in europe, markets not

seeing much reaction. they have known about this deal for a while. we have gains in london. parts of frankfurt in the red. investors also digesting news gegermany's econonomic growth sd to itsts local -- its lowest lel in six years in 2019. genie: the b british governmentt agreed to a deal for -- stephen: the british airways parent company lashed out deal, calling g it a misuse of public funds. it was rescued after shareholders a agreed to invest more mononey. u.k. government has gotten involved. it is delaying a tax bill to help the carrier. flybe is the main smaller airport -- uses the smaller airports. there is more bad news for boeingng as the 737 ma criss

continueues to take its toll. stephen: orders sent to the lowest level in 16 years last year. ter r caellalations, it lolooked ororders foror just 54 planes in 2019, , and even that number is unlikely to be delelivered. in airirways had a big order in. orders rosose at airbus.s. ththat is good news s for aiusus suppliers,s, but they are being careful about p pting all o of theieir hopes and one company. one airplane maker's loss is often another's game. gain. with follow-up following the 737 mac scandal, u.s. airplane makersrs are going to the l lowt level of orders in more than a decade. liliveries plunged by y over 50, leading boeing trailing airbus. it reported an 8% yearly jump. that is great news for 50,000 employees across france, but

also s subcontractors. companies with nearly 160,000 ememployees work alongside airb, including this parts maker. in 2005, when we were fewer than 50 employees. our growth has been largely thanks to airbus orders. yes, we are going with airbus. reporter: contractors wary of becoming to dependent on a single client, especially after watching prices at boeing. the french engine m maker managed to sell to boeing, airbus, and a chinese maker. this would not be entirely dependent on airbus. business isr now, doing great. airbus has so many orders they have a tenure production backlog, with -- a 10 year prododuction backlog, with 7000 planes waitingng to be made.

gegenie: elolon musk couould gea massive bonus if tesla shares continue to rise. stephen: t the electric car makr is worth more than ford and general motors combined, rising in value due to increased deliveries and expectation in the industry that demand for electric cars will keep going up. on tuesday, tesla was valued just under $97 billion. elon musk could share a bonus deal. he could get stock worth almost $350 million. that is quite a thank you. genie: it is crarazy meyey. thanks for that. stephen carroll talking about business on "france 24." now, temperaments -- time for romance. a new book about how the french talk about love.

[music playing] wes avilla: end goal once i saw that i can pay my own rent was get a restaururant. like, i didn't want a food truck. at that point, food trucks were dead. when i got my truck was during